ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL

Transcription

1 Distr.: GENERAL UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL E/ECA/CM. /5 March 988 Original: ENGLISH ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA Ninth meeting f the Technical Preparatry Cmmittee f the Whle Niameya Niger 5- April 988 ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA Twenty-third sessin f the Cmmissin/ furteenth meeting f the Cnference f Ministers Niamey, Niger -8 April 988 Item 6 f the prvisinal agenda* Item 6 f the prvisinal agenda** UNITED NATIONS TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS DECADE IN AFRICA: REPORT ON PROGRESS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SECOND PHASE OF THE DECADE PROGRAMME * E/ECA/TPCW.9//Rev.. ** E/ECA/CM./.

2 E/ECA/CM./5 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTERS Pa9e I OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY II IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECTS IK THE SECOND PHASE PROGRAMME III IMPLEMENTATION OF REGIONAL, SUBREGIONAL AND INTER-STATE LINK PROJECTS 5 A. Transprt 5 B. Crnmunicatins 8 IV CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE UNITED NATIONS SPECIALIZED AGENCIES AND OTHER BODIES AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF UNTACDA A. Transprt B. COFffnunicatins 8 V INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION AND SUPPORT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF UNTACDA 8 VI SPECIAL DEVELOPEMENT ISSUES AND PROBLEMS OF SIGNIFICANCE DURING THE YEAR

3 E/ECA/CM./5 ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT, 987 ABBREVIATIONS ADB ADF AFCAC AFI AFIN AFRAA AFRALTI AGA AIP AIS AMBEX ARTC ASECNA ATS BADEA BDEAC BOAD CCCE CEPGL CIDA COM EADB ECGD ECOWAS EDF EEC EIB ESAMI ESMT AFESD FAC FINNIDA FRG IACC IBRD ICAO IDA IDB IGADD ILO - African Develpment Bank - African Develpment Fund - African Civil Aviatin Cmmissin - Africa-Indian Ocean (AFI Plan is the Air Navigatin Plan f Afric and Indian Ocean f ICAO) - Aernautical Fixed Telecmmunicatins Netwrk - African Airlines Assciatin - Advanced Level Cmmunicatins Institute - Aerdrnes, Air Rutes and Grand Aids - Aernautical Infrmatin Publicatins - Aernautical Infrmatin Services - AFI Meterlgical Bulletin Exchange Scheme - Annual Reginal Telecmmunicatins Cnference fr Eastern and Suthern Africa - Agence pur la securite de la navigatin aerienne en afrique et a Madagascar - Air Traffic Services - Arab Bank fr Ecnmic Develpment - Central African States Develpment Bank - West African Develpment Bank - Caisse Centrale de Cperatin Ecnmigue - Cmmunaute, ecnmique des pays des Grnds Lacs - Canadian Internatinal Develpment Agency - Cmmunicatins - East African Develpment Bank - Exprt Credit Guarantee Department (U.K.) - Ecnmic Cmmunity f West African States - Eurpean Develpment Fund - Eurpean Ecnmic Cmmunity - Eurpean Investment Bank - Eastern and Suthern African Management Institute - Multi-Cuntry Advanced Level Training Institute - Arab Fund fr Ecnmic and Scial Develpment - Fnds d'aide et de cperatin (France) - Finnish Internatinal Develpment Agency - Federal Republic f Germany - Inter-Agency C-rdinating Cmmittee - Internatinal Bank fr Recnstructin and Develpment - Internatinal Civil Aviatin Organizatin - Internatinal Develpment Assciatin - Islamic Develpment Bank - Inter Gvernmental Authrity n Drught and Develpment - Internatinal Labur Organizatin

4 E/ECA/CM./5 IMF IMO IPCD ITU JIU KBO KFD KFW LDC MET MINCONMAR NORAD OAU ODA OEDA OPEC OPMET PANAFTEL PATU PMAESA PIDC PMAWCA PTA PEL/TRG RAFC RASCOM RCTD SATA SADCC SATCC SFD SIDA SIFIDA SUDOSAT TAHA TAZARA TCAH TEAHA TRRL TWAHN UAR UDEAC UNCDF UNCTAD - Internatinal Mnetary Fund - Internatinal Maritime Organizatin - Internatinal Prgramme fr Cmmunicatin Develpment - Internatinal Telecmmunicatins Unin - Jint Inspectin Unit - Kagera Basin Organizatin - Kuwait Fund fr Develpment - Kreditanstalt fuer Wiederauf baie (FRG) - Least-Develpment Cuntries - Aernautical Meterlgy Field - Ministerial Cnference f West African States fr Maritime Transprt - Nrwegian Agency fr Develpment - Organizatin fr African Unity - Official Develpment Assistance - Office fr Emergency Operatins in Africa - Organizatin f Petrleum Exprting Cuntries - Operatinal Meterlgical Data - Pan-African Telecmmunicatins Netwrk - Pan-African Telecmmunicatins Unin - Prt Management Assciatin f eastern and Suthern Africa - Internatinal Prgramme fr Cmmunicatins Develpment - Prt Management Assciatin f West and Central Africa - Preferential Trade Area - Persnnel Licensing and training field - Reginal Area Frecast Centres - Reginal Satellite Cmmunicatins System - Rads Custms Declaratin Dcument - Suthern African Telecmmunicatins Administratin - Suthern African Develpment C-rdinatin Cnference - Suthern African Transprt and Cmmunicatins Cmmissin - Saudi Fund fr Develpment - Swedish Internatinal Develpment Agency - internatinal Financial C-peratin fr Investment and Develpment in Africa - Interim Satellite Khartum - Prt Sudan Cnnectin in Operatin - Trans-African Highway Authrity - Tanzania-Zambia Railways - Tripli Windhek Trans Central African Highway - Cair-Gabrne Trans-East African Highway Authrity - Transprt and Rad Research Labratry - Trans-West African Highway Netwrk - Unin f African Railways - Central African Custms and Ecnmic Unin - United Natins Capital Develpment Fund - United Natins cnference n Trade and Develpment ( ii)

5 /5 UNESCO UNIDO UNSO UPU URTNA USAID WADB WAFS WFP United Natins Educatinal,. Scientific and Cultural Organizatin - United Natins Industrial Develpment Organizatin - United Natins Sudan-Sahelian Office - Universal Pstal Unin - Unin f Natinal Radi and Televisin Organizatin f Africa - United States Agency fr Internatinal Develpment - West 7\frican Develpment Sank - Wrld Area Frecast System - Wrld Fd Prgramme (iii)

6 E/ECA/CM./5 CHAPTER I OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY With nly ne mre year t g befre the end f the Decade, Africa cntinues t suffer under a debilitating ecnmic crisis and, in cmmn with ther sectrs, prspects fr achieving the bjectives laid dwn in transprt and cmmunicatins prgrammes remained dim. Indeed, the investment rate in Africa has been falling since 98 and is nw the lwest amng develping regins. Thus, the implementatin f the Decade prgramme prmises t be far less than was planned. An analysis f the rate f implementatin f the prgramme during the year by sub-sectr shws hardly any imprvement ver 986. With the largest number f prjects at 6 the rads sub-sectr shwed a 66 per cent executin rate. In the railway subsectr, there has been nine mre prjects than in 986 under implementatin. In the field f prts, there has been fur mre presently under implementatin. The nly sub-sectr in which there was cnsiderable imprvement ver 986 is maritime transprt in which seven prjects were reprted cmpleted and tw under implementatin as ppsed t ne prject reprted as cmpleted in 986. Air transprt recrded an implementatin rate f 6 per cent. Althugh the prjects in inland water transprt that are reprted as cmpleted and the fur that are in prgress represent cnsiderable prgress ver 986, when nly ne was cmpleted and five were in prgress, the implementatin rate is still very lw. In telecmmunicatin there has been sme prgress in the rate f implementatin frm which in 987 was 6 precent cmpared t 6 per cent in S86. Als a light prgress was recrded fr bradcasting prject with 5 prjects being cmpleted fur mre than in 986 and being in prgress r mre than in 986. In the pstal subsectr, prjects were under implementatin as against 5 in 986. The stagnatin in implementatin rate in 987 was matched by the lack f grwth in assistance f majr financing institutins. Althugh the Wrld Bank's assistance t the sectr was 9 per cent higher than in 986, it was, hwever,.8 per cent less than in 985 s that ver the tw-year perid there has been insignificant change. As fr the African Develpment Bank, the latest figures available are fr the perid and they shw a decline f 7.7 per cent. ECA's wn effrts t mbilize resurces fr the Decade prgramme came t grief when the tw c-financing meetings scheduled fr the transit crridr prjects f Eastern Africa and West Africa had t be unavidably pstpned t 988 fr reasns beynd ECA's cntrl. Thus n c-financing meeting was held during the year under review. A number f specialized agencies and ther bdies f the United Natins and African intergvernmental rganizatins cntinued t execute prjects and carry ut activities related t the Decade and the details f these are prvided in Chapter IV.

7 E/ECA/CM./5 Page CHAPTER II IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECTS IN THE PHASE II PROGRAMME There was very little imprvement reprted in 987 ver 986 n the implementatin f the secnd phase prgramme. In terms f infrmatin available n the status f the prjects, ECA was able t btain infrmatin n 789 prjects r 75 per cent f the,8 prjects in the prgramme.^ 6 prjects were reprted cmpleted cmpared t 7 in 986. A further were reprted under implementatin. The prgress in each sub-sectr is summarized belw. Details n implementatin by cuntry fr each subsectr are shwin in Annex I. Rads and Rad Transprt: With 6 prjects, this is the largest sub-sectr in the prgramme. Infrmatin was btained n the status f 9 (8 per cent) f prjects, as cmpared t 55 (66 per cent) in last yearns reprts. Out f these 6 prjects are reprted cmpleted and a further 7 in prgress, fr per cent cmpletin rate. It is estimated that a further prjects which are currently under implementatin, wuld be cmpleted by the end f 988. This wuld imply that 8 ut f the 6 prjects (5 per cent) wuld be cmpleted during Phase II f the Decade. Rail Transprt: Infrmatin was btained n the implementatin status f 7 prjects {five prjects were cancelled frm the apprved prgramme). prjects have been cmpleted, n change frm last year, and a further prjects are under implementatin, nine mre than last year. Thus, there has nt been any significant imprvement in prject implementatin in this sub-sectr. Maritime Transprt: Out f the 8 prjects in this sub-sectr, infrmatin was available n the status f prjects, tw mre than 986. Seven are reprted cmpleted and tw are in prgress, as ppsed t tw cmpleted reprted last year. Prts: Mnitring infrmatin was available n 55 (79 per cent) f the 7 prjects in this sub-sectr prgramme. Nine prjects are reprted as cmpleted. mre prjects are under implementatin, thus, there has been eight prt prjects reprted cmpleted since last year's reprt. Air Transprt: Out f the 9 prjects in this sub-sectr, reliable infrmatin was btained n 69 (7 per cent) as fllws: cmpleted and in prgress fr cmpletin rate f 6 per cent. prjects were nt started and n infrmatin was btained n - the status f 9 ther prjects, thus, even if all the prjects which are currently under implementatin were t be cmpleted next year, nly (5 per cent) f the 9 prjects in the prgramme wuld be cmpleted by the end f the Decade.

8 E/ECA/CM,/5 Page Inland Water Transprt: There are 5 prjects in this sectr prgramme, but infrmatin n status f implementatin was available nly fr 9 prjects. Of the 9 prjects mnitred, tw are reprted cmpleted, five are in prgress. Althugh this is a marked imprvement n last year's reprt when nly ne prject was reprted cmpleted and five in prgress, the implementatin rate is still very pr. Even if all five prjects which are currently under implementatin were t be cmpleted next year, still nly seven prjects ut f the 5 (6 per cent) wuld be cmpleted during the Decade. Multimdal Transprt: Out f the li prjects in the sub-sectr prgramme, infrmatin was available n seven prjects as fllws: Fur cmpleted, tw under implementatin. N infrmatin was available n the status f the fur reginal prjects. Telecmmunicatins: A ttal f 9 prjects were mnitred ut f the sub-sectr ttal f 5 prjects. This represents a significant imprvement in terms f mnitring. As a cnsequence, the number f prjects reprted as cmpleted rse t that is per cent f the mnitred prjects. A further 6 prjects, r per cent f the mnitred prjects are under implementatin. Bradcasting: The number f prjects mnitred in this sectr increased frm 6 the previus year t this year, which is 8 per cent f the prjects in the prgramme. 5 prjects are cmpleted and are still in prgress. Thus, by the end f the Decade, nt even ne third f the sectr prjects wuld be cmpleted. Pstal Services: Mnitring infrmatin was available n 5 f the 5 prjects in the sub-sectr, an imprvement ver the 7 prjects mnitred last year. Six prjects are reprted cmpleted and are under implementatin, which is nt much imprvement ver the previus year's results f 6 and 5, respectively.

9 TStle : Prgress in Implementatin f Phase II Prgramme, 987 Efc. Nunter f Prjects Oi. Prjects Mnitred in frgrarrme Prjects ccinrpleted Prjects under Implementatin t date Rad Rail Maritime Prts Air Inland Water Multiimdal *) Tfctal Transprt Tslecnrrmunicatins Bradcasting Pstal 5 7 " feu X Tbtal Gmrunicatins ^/O Ttal Prgrarrme, M O Ul

10 E/ECA/CM./5 Page 5 CHAPTER III IMPLEMENTATION OF REGIONAL, SUBREGIONAL AND INTERSTATE LINK PROJECTS A. TRANSPORT. Inter-State Link Prjects The current reprting perid shws sme imprvement in the implementatin f the categry f prjects, which are generally acknwledged t be crucial fr the physical integratin f the cntinent. Belw is the status f their implementatin during 987, based n infrmatin partly prvided by member States and partly gathered by the ECA. (a) Reginal prjects Prgress has been reprted n reginal railway prjects as fllws: RAP-6-6 Rehabilitatin f the Ethipia/Djibuti railway line in prgress financed by France and EDF. Prjects f the TAZARA line RAP-6- and RAP-6- Purchase f diesel electric main line lcmtives and replacement f lcmtive engines cmpleted at this stage, financed by KFW. The fllwing prjects are als reprted cmpleted: RAP-6- Guinea/Mali, updating the feasibility study n the Kurussa-Bamak {via Siguiri) rail link; RAP-6-6 TAZARA, Purchase f shunting lcmtives: RAP-6- TAZARA, Cnstructin f villas at the new Kapiri Mpshi statin. Prgress in the implementatin reprted n six TAZARA prjects: RAP-6-5 Purchase f wagns; RAP-6-7 varius activities aimed at track rehabilitatin; RAP-6- Purchase f quarry equipment; RAP-6- Purchase f tw breakdwn cranes and equipment; RAP-6-5 Prvisin f signalling and telecmmunicatins equipment and RAP-6-6 Setting up f training facilities and financing f training abrad in new technlgies and management. Financing is being sught fr tw prjects: RAP-6-8 Repair f damage caused by rain between Mlimba and Makubk and RAP-6- Cnstructin f terminals at the New Kapiri Mpshi statin fr the strage and handling f gds. TAZARA prject RAP-6-9 Draining f 98 km f track between Gwata and Fuga has been cancelled. Prgress is reprted n reginal prt prjects f Nrth Africa HAP-6- Study n the planning and develpment f Nrth African Prts; HAP-6- Establishment f a subreginal training centre fr prt persnnel; HAP-6- Study n tariff harmnizatin in Nrth African prts, all financed by EEC. Telecmmunictins prjects reprt prgress n TEP-6- Burundi/Rwanda/Tanzania Panaftel Link and TEP-6-8 Rwanda/Uganda, Establishment f Kigali-Kampala link, all financed by ADB.

11 E/ECA/CM./5 Page 6 Pstal reginal prjects reprted in prgress are: POP-6- UPU, Establishment f a Multimdal pstal schl at Brazzaville; POP-6- UPU, Establishment f wrkshps fr manufacturing small items f pstal equipment and POP-6- UPU, Training f African pstal specialists t prmte technical c-peratin amng develping cuntries in Africa, all financed by UNDP.. Trans African Highways The fllwing prgress tk place in 987 with regard t the Highways. The African Highway Master Plan The terms f reference fr the African Highway Master Plan have been finalized and submitted t the Gvernment f Italy fr cnsideratin and financing. In September 987 an Agreement was signed between ECA and Italy fr the Study f the African Highway Master Plan, as an integral part f the planned Transprt Master Plan fr africa. The study's implementatin is expected t cmmence early 988 prducing a crdinated and integrated cntinental Highway Netwrk Plan fr African member States by the end f 989. The Trans-African Highway Bureau The ECA Cnference f Ministers meeting in April 987 adpted reslutin 6(XXII) which, inter alia, tk nte f the first Cmbined meeting f Trans African Highway Authrities requeting the reactivatin f the Trans-African Highways Bureau f the ECA in rder t alleviate the financial burden fr African Cuntries resulting frm the maintenance f serveral Bureau. The burden is unbearable particularly fr thse cuntries which belng t mre than ne Bureau and which therefre are asked t pay several cntributins. Cnvinced that a single Bureau wuld adequately serve the needs f African Cuntries in intensifying and cnslidating the effrts aready made twards the rapid develpment f the Trans-African Highway Netwrk at a lwer cst cmpared with individual Bureau fr each Trans-African Highway Authrity, the Ministers requested the Executive Secretary f the ECA t reactivate the trans African Highway Bureau in ECA and t prvide it with necessary resurces fr efficient functining. Accrdingly the ECA has prepared a prject dcument fr submissin t UNDP fr financing. Lags-Mmbasa Trans-African Highway Authrity (TAHA) the Gverning cuncil f the TAHA held its meeting in Kinshasa, frm 6 t January 987 and identified inter-cuntry highway prjects n the main Lags-Mmbasa Highway and its feeder links, based n the Belgium-assisted Rad Inventry which had been cmpleted the previus year.

12 N prgress had h~::: reprted n the TEAH, TCAH and Trans-Sahara Highway by the time this draft reprt was finalized. The ECCWAS and TAHA have been requested t submit prgress n Trans-West African Highway Netwrk and the Trns-African Highway.. Optimum develpment f air services The Reginal Technical Cmmittee n Air Transprt held its third meeting in Addis Aaba frm t 5 March 987. The meeting discussed inter alia the prblem f liberalizatin f traffic rights. T facilitate the granting f the freedm f the air necessary t the ptimum develpment f air services the Cmmittee discussed tw texts, that is the Multilateral Agreement and the Memrandum f Understanding fr the peratin f African air services. These tw texts, after being amended by the Cmmittee, were submitted t the Plenary Sessin f AFCAC, held in Brazzaville in May/June 987. The adptin f these texts and their implementatin during negtiatins will prmte exchange f the necessary rights and jint peratins, while safeguarding the interests f the airlines cncerned. Regarding the African Cnference n Air Tariffs, ECA has undertaken a number f sensitizing actins twards the African States in rder t btain the nu:tiber f ratificatins necessary fr the Cnventin n the establishment f this Cnference t cme int frce. In the framewrk f a jint ECA/Wrld Bank prject n develpment f transprt in sub-aharan Africa, ECA has included in the prgramme f this prject a number j." activities fr the develpment f Axrican air services.. Manpwer Develpment in Transprt During this reprting perid, ECA cmpleted a study n manpwer and tcaii-ii.-y ndc in zl^^jic. Th study was carried ut int tw parts. Th^ first part deals with manpwer and training needs in general and multimdal transprt. The secnd part f the study cvers all mdes f transprt namely rads,- railways, air, inland water and maritime transprt. The tw reprts n the study have been distributed t member States. Assistance has been given t ESAMI in cnducting a railways management imprvement curse fr SADCC member States and in the evaluatin f a curse n rad transprt fleet peratins maintenance and management.

13 E/ECA/CM./5 Page 8 COMMUNICATIONS. The PANAFTEL Netwrk The Pan-African Telecmmunicatins Netwrk, PANAFTEL, cnsists f telecmmunicatins circuits interlinking African cuntries. These circuits are prvided by high quality micrwave radi, submarine cable and satellite cmmunicatin systems assciated with internatinal telephne switching centres. The imprtance f the PANAFTEL netwrk is well recgnized by the Lags Plan f Actin, the United Natins Transprt and cmmunicatins Decade in Africa and the Arusha Declaratin n Wrld-wide Telecmmunicatins Develpment. At the end f 987, mre than PANAFTEL micrwave VHF and UHF radi relay systems as well as 8 internatinal telephne switching centres had been r were in the prcess f being installed. These have been supplemented by 8, kms f submarine cables and satellite cmmunicatin earth statins in cuntries. Sixty-nine prjects listed in the secnd phase prgramme are part f the PANAFTEL Netwrk. The status f these Phase II prjects is presented herebelw: Categry Categry Categry Categry Categry I II III IV V Prjects cmpleted by 986 Prjects cmpleted during 987 Prjects in prgress during 987 Prjects n which actin has been initiated Prjects n which n actin has been ntified Categry I Six prjects csting $.5 mn were cmpleted during 987. These are listed in Table A Categry II Eleven Phase II prjects were cmpleted by end f 986, and their estimated cst is $87. millin. These are listed in Table B. Categry III Five phases II prjects csting $5.7 millin are in the prcess f implementtin. These are listed in Table C Categry IV There are prjects in this categry csting abut $98 millin. Surces f finance have been identified fr sme f them while the rest still remain with finance as yet t be secured. See table D

14 E/ECA/CM./5 Page 9 Categry V N actin has been ntified n the seventeen prjects listed in Table E where estimated cst is apprximately $9 millin. These achievements have been made pssible thrugh the effrts f the cuntries cncerned with the assistance and supprt f the varius Reginal and Sub-Reginal rganizatins such as ECA, PATU, UAPTP ECCWAS, SATCC, UDEAC, KBO, CEPGL and internatinal rganizatins such as ITU and UNDP and several multilateral and bilateral financing institutins. In spite f these achievements, hwever, intra-african traffic is still being ruted ver transit centres utside f Africa. This has been attributed t the frequent utage and unreliability f PANAFTEL circuits due t inadequate maintenacne, shrtage f spare parts and fuel supplies. Other factrs cntributing t the pr utilizatin f the PANAFTEL netwrk are lack f peratinal agreements n tariffs and transit arrangements, mre attractive transit tariffs ffered by transit centres utside f Africa, inadequate dimensining f exchange and multiplex equipment and prblems in crdinating signalling systems. Tiiis matter has been discussed in detail at the meeting f African Telecmmunicatins Traffic Managers held in Addis Ababa frm t 7 December 987. Having identified the prblems preventing the efficient use f the PANAFTEL netwrk, the meeting made several prpsals and recmmendatins aiming at imprving the efficiency f utilizatin f the netwrk. During the earlier phases f the PANAFTEL prject assistance and advice was prvided in the ralizatin f the netwrk. This activity has invlved the cuntries cncerned in investments ttalling several hundreds f millins f US dllars. Hwever, as pinted ut abve, the peratin and maintenance f the installed netwrk is nt yet satisfactry, with the result that the benefits derived s far have nt been cmmensurate with the investments made. Cnsequently the third phase f the PANAFTEL prject will lay stress n efficient peratin and maximum utilizatin f the installed netwrk during the UNDP prgramming cycle, in additin t prviding assistance fr the cmpletin f the links yet t be installed.. Reginal African Satellite Cmmunicatins System - RASCQM Fllwing the mandate given by the Cnference f African Ministers f Transprt, Cmmunicatins and Planning at its Fifth Meeting held in Harare, Zimbabwe, in March 986, the feasibility study fr the prpsed Reginal African Satellite Cmmunicatins System (RASCOM) is nw being undertaken under the guidance f a special Inter-Agency C-rdinating Cmmittee (IACC-RASCOM).

15 E/ECA/CM./5 Page In accrdance with Reslutin ECA/UNTACDA/Res.86/65 n RASCOM and the decisin taken by the IACC, a prject ffice is peratinal since March 987 in the Headquarters f the ITU. Multi-disciplinary Natinal C-rdinatin Cmmittees (NCCs) have been established in 8 African cuntries with the PTT as a fcal pint, led by a natinal c-rdinatr t direct and c-rdinate the activities f the members f the cmmittee. In rder t ensure sme unifrmity f cuntry studies, the prject ffice has prepared "Guidelines fr Cnducting the Natinal Feasibility Studies" fr the use f the varius NCCs. It has als rganized five briefing meetings fr all Natinal C-rdinatrs in rder t prvide them with a detailed explanatin f the abve guidelines. With regard t financing, sme f the estimated $ 6 millin cst f the prject have been made available. All effrts are being made t cmplete the necessary details fr the remaining funds.. Manpwer Develpment n Cmmunicatins Pursuant t General Assembly Reslutin 8/5 f December 98, ECA has carried ut in 987 a survey n manpwer and training requirements in cmmunicatins and transprt. In the telecmmunicatins sub-sectr ECA and ITU jintly executed the manpwer and training needs survey fr the ECCWAS cuntries. The glbal reprt was prepared in May 987 and subsequently dispatched t member States. In the pstal sub-sectr a similar study has als been carried ut mainly fr ECCWAS cuntries. Under the bilateral technical c-peratin arrangements with the Federal Republic f Germany, the ECA rganized the secnd seminar n planning f telecmmunicatins fr English-speaking African cuntries, in c-peratin with the ITU. The primary bjective f the seminar was t prvide a frum where planners frm African Natinal Telecmmunicatins rganizatins culd share their experience in specific issues related t the planning, develment and expansin f telecmmunicatins t the rural cmmunities with their clleagues and thse f the industrialized cuntries. The seminar was als designed t assist planners in discvering the'besf way t use existing and anticipated telecmmunicatins systems t supprt develpment effrts. The seminar was attended by participants frm African cuntries, as well as representatives f internatinal rganizatins and equipment manufacturers.

16 E/ECA/CM./5 Page CHAPTER IV CONTRIBUTION OF THE UNITED NATIONS SPECIALIZED AGENCIES AND OTHER BODIES AND AFRICAN INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS TO THE IMPELEMTATION OF UNTACDA A. TRANSPORT. Rads and Rad Transprt This mde f transprt has 9 prjects at an estimated cst f $5. billin. The prjects have been gruped as fllws: Maintenance and rehabilitatin prjects (), training and technical assistance prjects (9), inter-state links prjects (6), reginal/subreginal prjects (7) and natinal pririty prjects (55). The activities f the varius United Natins specialized agencies and ther bdies and African inter-gvernmental rganizatins in 987 are reprted hereunder: (a) Internatinal Labur Organizatin (ILO) During the reprting year ILO was engaged in vcatinal training dealing with the develpment f transprt infrastructure supervisin and maintenance systems. Technical assistance n the strengthening f the institutinal capacities fr perating and maintaining rad transprt fleets was als prvided, during the year under review a cmpendium f case studies n the scial and labur aspects f urban passenger transprt prblems in selected cities in Africa, ntably Algiers, Addis Ababa, Casablanca, Abidjan, Dakar, Lusaka, Harare, Lags and Nairbi was prepared. Other activites carried ut by ILO during the year were: United Republic f Tanzania Tw prjects (URT/6/MOS/NAD and URT/86/MO6/NAD) prviding advisry serivces, training and technical assistance in cnnectin with the rad maintenance prgrammes fr the Tanga and Mbeya rads. ILO als participated in a Wrld Bank/Danida agriculture feeder rads study (URT/86/MO/DAN). Zambia Labur based imprvement and maintenance f feeder rads (ZAM/87/MO/NAD), Uganda Feeder rads peratinal supprt and training {UGA/86/)

17 E/ECA/CM./5 Page Cape Verde Assistance t a labur-intensive wrk prgramme (CVI/8//ITA and PNUD/CVI/8/) (b) Banque Ouest-Af ricaine de develppement (BQAD) The Bank financed an amunt f $8. millin fr the rad Bundiali - Tingrela in Cte d'lvire. (c) Ecnmic Cmmissin fr Africa (ECA) ECA made the fllwing cntributins twards the Decade prgramme in 987: - It prvided advisry services t Sierra Lene n review and appraisal f the institutinal and peratinal prblems facing its rad transprt crpratin. It assisted in prviding technical drawings which indicated inter-cuntry links by rad between Djibuti, Ethipia, Smalia and the Sudan. Assistances prvided were related t the requests made by PTA and IGADD. - Ethipia received advisry services regarding the feasibility f upgrading the capacity f its rad Transprt Authrity t plan, prgramme and develp the cuntry's rad transprt services. -It participated at the seventh meeting f the Gverning Cuncil f TAHA held in Kinshasa in March 987 and prvided technical advice n the establishment f the Secretariat. - It rganized the furth meeting f highway maintenance in Africa which was held in Harare, Zimbabwe, frm 7 t December 987. The main bjective f the meeting was t exchange views and experience with regard t: -Financial allcatin and mbilizatin fr rad maintenance, -Organizatin and dmanagement f manpwer and, -Equipment utilizatin and labur-intensive methds f rad maintenance. (d) Suthern African Develpment C-rdinatin Cnference (SADCC) The fllwing prjects were nging in 987, under the auspices f SADCC's subsidiary bdy respnsible fr transprt and cmmunicatins, the Suthern African Transprt and Cmmunicatins cmmissin (SATCC):

18 E/ECA/CM../5 Page - rad infrastructure develpments f SADCC cuntries; - rad traffic and transprt develpment; - package f rad safety prgrammes fr Swaziland, Tanzania and Zambia; and - rad traffic and transprt training; - the upgrading f the rad Mhales Hek - Quthing - Qachas Nek, (Lesth) - the upgrading and recnstructin f the rad Taung - Makhtlng - Sani Tp, (Lesth) feasibility study and engineering design cmpleted; - the upgrading f the rad Thaba Tseka - Taung - Mpiti, (Lesth) feasibility study cmpleted; - the cnst ruct in f a new rad Ramabanta - Semnkng - Sekake, (Lesth) Engineering design cmpleted; - the upgrading f the rad Mkhtlng - Oxbw, (Lesth) design cmpleted. - in Mzambique the rehabilitatin f the rad cnnectin t Swaziland, (wrks n Matla bridge started September 987) - in Swaziland the rehabilitatin and upgrading f the rad Lmahasha - Siteki - Big Bend (wrk cmpleted n sectin Lmahasha - Siteki) - the cntract twas awarded during 987 fr the rad between Karnga in Malawi and Mbeya in the United Republic f Tanzania -The rehabilitatin f the TANZAM Highway (Study cmpleted). -The study f the rad N'zet-Sy (Angla); terms f reference prepared fr a feasibility study; -The study f Jwaneng - Maun rad link (Btswana) TOR prepared fr study; -Study n the upgrading f the rad Blantyre - Mulanje - Maauba - Malawi/Mzambique (engineering design cmpleted); -wrk was in prgress n the rehabilitatin f the Zimbabwe - Tete - Malawi rad;

19 E/ECA/CM./5 Page -Study n Unity Bridge and access rads Mzambique/Tanzania (TOR prepared); -Study n Kazungula Bridge and the Pandamatenga - Victria Falls Rad - Btswana/Zambia/Zimbabwe, (study cmpleted); -The Rehabilitatin f the Lusaka - Kafue - Livingstne - Kazungula rad in Zambia, (wrk is cmpleted n the Livingstne - Zimba sectin and the rest n ging). -The rehabilitatin f the rad Kafue - Chirundu, Zambia, (nging); - The rehabilitatin f the Lusaka - Kapiri - Chingla - Zaire brder rad, (Zambia), (engineering study cmpleted) (e) Ecnmic Cmmunity f West African States (EOCWAS) The main preccupatin f ECCWAS during the year under review was feasibility and technical sudies fr the remaining sectins f the Trans West-African Highway netwrk (Lags-Nuakchtt). It als rganized the fllwing meetings: - Trans castal rute f Benin, Ghana and Tg; the bjective was the realizatin f the said castal rad. - Cnsultative meeting f the realizatin f the Trans-West African rad. - The first meeting f Ministeries respnsible fr custms, brder securiteis, Chambers f Cmmerces and Unin f Land Transprt Organizrs. - cnsultative meeting f Insurance and Re-insurance cmpanies. * Railways and rail transprt In the rail transprt mde there are 8 prjects at an estimated cst f $5.6 billin. The subsectr's prgramme includes 6 rehabilitatin and maintenance prjects, nine training and technical assistance prjects, inter-state link prjects, fur reginal/subreginal prjects and natinal pririty prjects. Agencies that participated in implementing Rail transprt prjects in 987 were: ILO, SADCC, CEAO and ECA.

20 E/ECA/CM-/5 Page 5 (a) Internatinal Labur Organizatin (ILO) In 987 ILO undertk vcatinal training prgramme n the develpment f transprt infrastructuree supervisin and maintenance systems and n the strengthening f the institutins respnsible fr perating and maintaining railway rlling stck. (b) Suthern African Develpment C-rdinatin Cnference (SADCC) SADCC'S Railway prjects that were either cmpleted r were nging in 987 were: -The study n railway telecmmunicatins and signalling (n-ging) -The study n railway wagn manufacture (n-ging) -The study n Railway Training Prgramme (n-ging t be cmpleted in 987) -The rehabilitatin f the main railway line in Btswana, namely the Francistwn-Nrthern brder sectin and the Gabrne-Francistwn sectins bth f which were nging. -The rehabilitatin f railway telecmmunicatins facilities in Btswana, (n-ging). -The renewal f train wrking system als in Btswana (n-ging) -The maintenance dept fr Btswana Railways (almst cmpleted) -The Rehabilitatin f the Mzambique-Swaziland Railway (study n-ging) -The rehabilitatin f the Maput - Chicualacuala Railway phase I emergency prgramme (n-ging) -The Mtive Pwer, Rlling Stck and Operatin Plan fr CFM Suth Chicualacuala (Limpp) Line in Mzambique (n-ging) -Track upgrading and rehabilitatin f the Beira-Machipanda sectin (n-ging) -Track rehabilitatin n the Blantyre -Mzambique brder (n-ging) -Rehabilitatin f 56 km f the Nacala - Cuamba Railway in Mzambique (n-ging)

21 E/ECA/CM./5 Page 6 -Permanent rectificatin f landslide (study Cmpleted) -Mechanized Track Maintenance (n-ging) -Rail welding and burn repairs (n-ging) -Slar pwer parcels (n-ging) -Lcmtives (n-ging) -Gds wagns (n-ging) -Manpwer Develpment plan and training facilities (reprt cmpleted) (c) Cmmunaute Ecnmiqae de l'afrique de l'ouest (CEAO) CEAO finalized the feasibility study f the prject n the plan fr the extensin f intercnnectins in the ECA railway netwrk. The study was presented t the Cnference f Ministers f Transprt and Cmmunicatins f the Cmmunity that was held in Ctnu, Benin, frm t December 987. (d) Ecnmic Cmmissin fr Africa (ECA) During the year ECA cntributed in varius ways t the achievement f the Decade's fundamental bjectives. This cntributin cnsisted primarily f the fllwing three activities: -a sysmpsium rganized in June in Addis Ababa in cllabratin with the Unin f African Railways t cnsider varius managment prblems related t maintenance, verhaul and renewal f railway lines. The sympsium was attended by 5 participants. Sme f the recmmendatins f the sympsium relate t specific studies n tracks t be undertaken by ECA. -Studies undertaken as part f ECA's regular wrk prgramme and which were aimed at imprving railway management systems. Training persnnel in the applicatin f these methds. Examples f applicatin in sme railways. These activities, cvering 9 ut f 8 prjects, r per cent f the ttal, include. - preparatin f tw dcuments n studies; - rganizatin f a curse at ESAMI; - field missins in Ethipia and Senegal.

22 E/ECA/CM./5 Page 7 - The signing f a cperatin agreement between EGA and the UAR. The agreement was signed by the tw institutins in July 987. The wrking relatins thus established will enable ECA and UAR jintly t succeed in achieving their identical cnvergent bjectives, primarily thse relating t the transprt Decade.. Maritime Transprt (Shipping and prts) In shipping there are 8 prjects identified in phase II prgramme f the Decade at an estimated cst f $8. millin. There are five maintenance and rehabilitatin prjects, 9 training and techniccal assistance prjects, three inter-state links prjects, seven reginal/subreginal prjects and fur natinal pririty prjects. fllws: During the year 987 varius agencies implemented shipping prjects as (a) Internatinal Labur Organizatin ILO cntinued t prve Reginal cnsultancy services n maritime questins. An ILO expert is statined in the Reginal Office in Dar-es-Salaam, United Republic f Tanzania, t assist Africa in the field f Maritime Transprt. There are als 7 prt prjects at an estimated cst f $,89.89 millin; f these 7 are maintenance and rehabilitatin prjects, seven are training and technical assistance prjects, cme under the categry f inter-state links, six are reginal/subreginal prjects while 7 are natinal prjects. During the year under review, ILO signed an agreement with the Gvernment f Mzambique fr executing a prject fr establishing the Mzambique Maritime Training Institute in Maput. ILO als cntinued in 987 with the fllwing activities started earlier: Reginal Advisry Services fr prt questins based in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania, reprting t NORAD n the preparatin f prject dcument fr establishing a prt training schl in Maput and n imprvement and develping f prt training centre in Tanzania; assessment f prt persnnel training needs f Sierra Lene and a feasibility study fr extending existing prt training facility in Senegal (b) Internatinal Maritime Organizatin IMO's assistance t Africa during 987 included:

23 E/ECA/CM./5 Page 8 -Assistance in the marine training field was prvided t Malawi in rder t identify present and future needs. IMO cmpleted a maritime training requirement study in 987. The prject envisages direct supprt fr the develpment f the Malawi Maritime Training Centre t meet the grwing needs f the Malawi Lake Service. The prject is expected t cst $. millin - In Nigeria IMO undertk the review and 'updating f maritime legislatin. The bjective was t prvide a basic maritime legal framewrk fr Nigeria. - TW reginal seminars were rganized under the auspices f IMO. The first was a seminar n maritime search and rescue in the west African subregin and it was held in Lags, Nigeria. The secnd was n the Internatinal Cnventin fr the Preventin f pllutin frm ships (MARPOL) and was rganized in Accra, Ghana. The latter seminar's bjective was t prvide updated infrmatin n the practical measures required t implement and enfrce MARPOL. - Under the agency's Advisry Services Prgrammes, assistance was given t Mauritius and Nigeria in maritime fields at the request f the respective Gvernments. -Fellwships were given t Sierra Lene (), Namibia () and Liberia (), in the fields f mechanics, welding, master mariner, tug and ferry mastership, marine engineering, sea navigatin, ship inspectin and survey etc. - Fr the Reginal Academy f Maritime Science and Technlgy based in Abidjan, Cte d'lvire, a new phase f assistance was prvided in 987 fr the training f African instructrs in the Academy. -IMO jintly rganized a seminar n Maritime Safety Administratin and Marine Pllutin tgether with PMAWCA and the Gvernment f Gabn in Libreville. -A prvisin f fellwship f tw weeks duratin fr training in maintenance f navigatinal aids was rganized in Cape Verde. - A prject cnsisting f lectures in navigatin, engineering, radi electrnics fr training students ver a perid f five years, was started at the Cape Verde Maritime training Institute in 987. Funding fr the prject was prvided by Nrway.

24 E/ECA/CM./5 Page 9 - Assistance t Guinea was prvided fr the training f deck and engine fficers at the Academy f Abidjan under UNDP financing. - The prject funds f the Reginal Maritime Training Academy, Accra, Ghana prvided the salaries f fur Egyptian experts lecturing in the Academy in 987. A prgramme f Reginal seminars/wrkshps n the Facilitatin f Internatinal Maritime Traffic was develped and apprved and a series f seminars/wrkshps are t be held in the fllwing prts in 988. (i) Assab prt (Ethipia) (ii) Beira and Maput prts (Mzambique) (iii) Ctnu (Benin), Duala (Camern), Banjul (Gambia), Lags (Nigeria), Lme (Tg), Matadi (Zaire) prts. IMO als prvided advisry services t the Mzambique Maritime Training Institute in 987. This was dne in cnsultatin with NORAD which is financing the prject. Assistance t the Sierra Lene Prts Authrity: currently three fellws are underging training in the UK at master marine level. IMO has als rganized Seminars n facilitatin fr West/Central African prts in 987. (c) United Natins Cnference n Trade and Develpment UNCTAD's Shipping Divisin prvided teumiccil assistance and advisry services t the fllwing reginal prjects in Africa. - Academie Reginale des Science et Techniques de la Mer, Abidjan - An Ecnmist in the field f maritime transprt and Senir reginal expert in Shipping were prvided t the Reginal Academy f Maritime Science and Technlgy in Abidjan, Cte d'lvire. - A shipping expert fr the prject "Assistance in transit Transprt fr the land-lcked Suthern African subregin" was prvided; - Cnsultants in shipping and freight negtiatins were als prvided t the prject "Assistance t the Ministerial Cnference n Maritime Transprt fr West and Central Africa".

25 E/ECA/CM./5 Page -Assistance was rendered t COBENAM; the natinal shipping line f Benin. UNCTAD prvided a financial expert t assist the cmpany in dealing with its financial matters. - Strengthening and Mdernizatin f Maritime transprt sectr in Eastern/Suthern Africa - UNCTAD prepared prject dcument fr ISCOS and gt financing frm UNDP - Shipping plicy fr land-lcked cuntries. A new prject t be financed by UNDP and executed by UNCTAD was apprved in July 987. The bjective f the prject which cvers all African land-lcked cuntries is t institute a c-rdinated prvider and user-riented apprach in shipping plicy frmulatin fr land-lcked cuntries. Wrk has cmmenced n defining the mdalities f establishing shippers' cuncils in land-lcked cuntries and the next step will be t develp guidelines fr examining the feasibility f establishing shipping lines n the basis f slt chartering prir t carrying ut full-scale investment feasibility studies. -Assistance t land-lcked cuntries fr transit transprt. The ld prjects, RAF/77/7, RAF/78/5 and RAF/78/8 have nw been cmpleted and have been replaced by three ther prjects, respectively RAF/86/6 (Transit traffic and supprt t the transprt sectr in Suthern Africa, RAF/86/7 {Transit traffic and supprt t the transprt sectr in East-Central Africa) and RAF/88/ (Transit traffic and supprt t the transprt sectr in West-Central Africa). RAF/86/6 has been apprved and the ther tw {RAF/86/7 and RAF/88/) have been submitted t UNDP fr apprval. The three new prjects will aim at achieving the bjectives f the ld prjects and als t imprve lgistics management alng their respective transprt crridrs by intrducing a thrugh-transprt cncept in transprt management whereby carg flws will be mnitred thrughut the transprt chain at each interface and lgistics supprt will be prvided where needed. -Maritime legislatin. A prject n harmnizatin and mdernizatin f maritime legislatin in West and Central Africa has been submitted t UNDP fr funding. The prject, which is t be executed by UNCTAD in cllabratin with MINCONMAR will include semianrs n the issue f harmnizatin f maritime laws, the develpment f mdel maritime legislatin and assistance t interested cuntries in adpting the mdel legislatin.

26 E/ECA/CM./5 Page - During 987 UNCTAD implemented prject RAF/R7/ - Assistance in establishing a harmnized structure f prt tariffs and cst accunting systems in the prts f West and Central Africa. A cst-accunting expert cmmenced wrk in Abidjan in December 987 and a prt tariff expert was recruited in mid-january 988 t prepare an utline f a mdel tariff schedule structure fr West and Central Africa. Data prcessing equipment fr develping and testing tariff schedules has been purchased and cllectin f data n existing tariffs and cst-accunting systems is nearly cmpleted. During 987, UNCTAD prvided Technical Assistance and Advisry Services t African prts in the fllwing fields: Prt Persnnel Training, transit transprt prblems f land-lcked cuntries, Trainmar Training prgramme fr Prtuguese Speaking African cuntries, establishing harmnized structures f prt tariffs and cst accunting system in prts f West/Central Africa, Management f maintenance f prt equipment, rganizatin and Management f prts, Mechnizatin and Management f Sa-Tme nd Principe prt. (d) Cmmunaute Ecnmique de l'afrique de 'Quest (CEAO) CEAO was engaged in 987 in the preparatin f the Maritime Cde (plicy dcument) f the Cmmunity fr the establishment f a Shipping Cmpany fr the cmmunity. In its bjective t assist land-lcked cuntries f the Cmmunity CEAO cnducted a study in 987 related t prt facilities in transit cuntries and availability f adequate rail services t and frm prts. (e) Suthern Africa Develpment Crdinatin Cnference The fllwing shipping prjects were implemented in- 987:- shipping Develpment f member cuntries f UNCTAD, Reginal-C-peratin in Shipping, and Marine Safety Develpment prgramme fr SADCC castal states. In rder t imprve transprt services t and frm prts f SADCC member cuntries, tw studies n shipping, clearing and frwarding agencies and n the establishment f Transprt Infrmatin Bureaux were carried ut by SADCC in 987. In additin the fllwing prt prjects were executed: prt Administrtin prjects, feasibility study n imprvement f the entrance channel f Maput prt, Imprvement f cal terminal at Matla, Cntainer Terminal Equipment and Management Assistance, Beira prt Transprt Develpment plan, channel dredging f Beira Prt, Imprvement f Navigatinal Aids, Multi-purpse and cntainer handling terminal, study n cnstructin f il terminal, Imprvement f cld strage facilities, study n cnstructin f ther terminals such as tbacc, cttn etc, prvisin f marine crafts, design f cntainer terminal fr Nacala prt. Develpment f prts f Dar-es-Salaam, Lbit, Luanda.

27 E/ECA/CM./5 Page Ecnmic Cmmissin fr Africa (ECA) by the ^fs me ting f 6XpertS n the establishment f a Cnference n Maritime Transprt fr East and Suthern a.meetin9 fr "naiber States f the ti n * =enr? ^^sr^ffsrs the Cde f Cnduct fr Liner Cnferences pursuant t the r ersr^"/xxul- "** PU^Se f this i^rtant meeting Iv^^tr^deT-CSt^^^ Geneva m Nvember 988. ^^^L^i^h, t e neld in ser^lttechni^ ^ f ^rts in 987 include< advisry Sctfvitv rate, ^ ^' ^ " the i!^rveme"t f prt prductivity rates, the publicatin f guidelines n train nf dckers/supervisrs and a study n carg handling equipment. 9 f Sects" *** COntributed t the i,pleraentatin f the Senir ^ff.^er-gvernmental Meeting f African Chief Executives f Prts and

28 E/ECA/CM./5 Page (g) Nrth African Prt Management Assciatin (NAPMA) 97. It was reprted that NAPMA executed the fllwing fur prt prjects in (i) HAP-SO- - Study n the planning and develpment f Nrth African Prts; (ii) HAP-5- - Establishment f a Subreginal Training Centre (n-ging)? (iii) HAP-GO- - Study n tariff harmnizatin; *iv> HAP-6- - Study n th develpment f prt infrastructure. (h) Prt Management Assciatin f West/Cntrl Africa (PMAWC&) - In 987 PMA&CA cnducted a seminar fr its rnenber prts n simplificatin f dcumentatin in prts (FAL) in Dakar,. Senegal. It als cnducted tw ther suiinars n naritiia; security.nd pllutin and training f trainers in the prts industry in Gambia and Benin respectively, (PMESA) (i) Prt Management Assciabin f Eastern and Suthern Africa During 97 PKAEA finalizcc the study n the Establishment f a dredging pl fr Eastern/Suthern African prts (HAP-r;G-6). c Air Transprt In Phase II prgramme f the Decade there are air transprt prjects at an estimated cst f $.85 billin classified as fllws; maintenance and rehabilitatin prjects,?5 training and technical assistance prjects, inter-state links prjects, tw reginal/subreginal prjects and natinal pririty prjects. The fllwing rganizatins i^iplcr rented air transprt prjects in 87: AFCAC, ECAr SADCC and ICAO. (a) African Civil Aviatin C^'n.issin (AFCAC) AFCAC's majr activities during the year f reprting were its cntinued effrts t secure signatures t and ratificatins f the Cnventin n African Air Tariffs Cnference (AFRATC) and the rganizing f subreginal meetings n a c-rdinated netwrk f aircraft maintenance and verhaul

29 E/ECA/CM./5 Page centres in Africa. As regards the frmer, the Secretary-Generals f AFCAC and AFRAA tgether visited Gte d'lvire and- Nigeria- in September and Nvember 987 respectively and held very encuraging discussins with the fficials f the cuntries which led t the belief that they vail sn sign the Cnventin. Regarding the subrginal meetings n the c-rdinatd netwrk f aircraft maintenance and vrhaul, these were held in Nvember 985 and June/July 987 with financing frm Nrway which bth AFCAC and ADD had negtiated. (b) Suthern African Develpment Crdinatin Cnference (SADCC? ADCC implemented the fllwing air transprt prjects in 987 a feasibility study n reginal c-peratin in civil Aviatin, a study n c-rdinated utilizatin f aircraft Maintenance facilitiesf a study n cmmunity and legislatin in Civil Aviatin and i Civil Aviatin manpwer and training requirements survey. <c) Ecnmic C^nissin fr Africa (ECA) ECA gave technical supprt t AFCAC in frmulating plicies fr imprving African air transprt and the rganizatin's wrk prgramme* A similar technical assistance was extended t AFRAA t printe the Cnventin n African Air Tariff Cnference. Within the Framewrk f the Mbabane Declaratin, ECA rganized a meeting f the Air Transprt Cmmittee in 97 which fcussed n three areas, namely, prmtin f a multinatinal airlines and jint peratins, exchange f traffic rights and the establishment f a reginal data bank. The meeting was held in Addis Ababa in March and 8 members f the Cmmittee participated. (d) Internatinal Civil Aviatin Organizatin (ICAO) Tw majr prblems identified in 987 were lack f trained and experienced manpwer and a serius lack f cmmunicatins facilities and services which in turn affected the prvisin f Air Traffic, Meterlgical,, Search and Rescue and Aernautical Infrmatin services. In rder t further assist States, ICAO devted a lt f effrt t develping technical assistance prjects fr the States t which it is accredited with the main fcus n the UNDP new Prgramming Cycle (987 t 99), with sme ntable results. This has helped in vercming shrtages f manpwer and prvided the much needed specialized training, including management training.

30 E/ECA/CM./5 Page 5 Within its regular prgranne ICAO undertk several missins t States and cnvened several meetings aimed at planning and implementing essential aernautical facilities. Ibis effrt' culminated in the develpment f ratinalized cmmunicatin plans fr the air transprt sub-sectr. Di rect assistance was prvided t States in need f strengthening their aviatin infrastructure thrugh special 'implementatin nrjects financed by the ICAO budget. Funds were allcated t the develpinent f human resurces by rganizing several well attended seminars and wrkshps. ICAO devted its effrts in the preparatin f the next Limited AFI RAN meeting (Lme -7 April 988) aimed at setting up a new Reginal Air Navigatin Plan fr Africa. In the Technical Assistance field ICAO >nadc substantial effrts t btain funding fr prjects which it had identified within its wn prgramme. In 987 ICAO implemented 5 prjects financed by UNDP under its cuntry prgramme in 5. States. Of these 5 prjects 8 are nging. Under the UNDP Reginal Prgramme ICAO implemented in 987, nine reginal prjects. Trust funds in 987 permitted the implementatin f prjects in States. The verall technical assistance prgramme fr Africa cnsisted f $.8 millin under UNDP's Cuntry prgramme, $6. millin under UNDP's Reginal Prgramme, $ millin frm Trust funds and 87 fellwship awards. In the aerdrmes, air rutes and grund aids (AGA) field majr imprvements f aerdrme facilities are in prgress in Camern, Chad, Ote d'lvire, Equatrial Guinea, Ethipia, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Sierra Lene, Smalia, Swaziland, United Republic f Tanzania, Zaire and Zimbabwe. Plans exist fr the cnstructin f new aerdrmes in Algeria, Camern, Cmrs, Equatrial Guinea, Gabn, Malawi, Mrcc, Niger, Smalia, Sudan, Tg, United Republic f Tanzania and Zarbia. In the Air Traffic Services (ATS) field, effrts t ptimize the ATS rute netwrk in Africa cntinued with the bjective f shrtening flying distances and cnserving fuel. Several meetings were held with States in rder t assist them in implementing Air Traffic Cntrl Services and in reslving peratinal prblems that affect varius regins the cntinent. In the Search and Rescue field (SAR), the ICAO Reginal Offices prvided assistance and advice. In the Aernautical Infrmatin Services (AIS) field, ICAO cntinued its effrts in assisting States t implement the unifrm applicatin f Annex and Annex 5. Hwever, greater effrts were still t be made in this field as indicated by reprts n missins t States. It has been identified that lack f trained persnnel, funds and equipment was the main reasn nn-implementatin f the many internatinal specificatins expected f member States. In this regard, ICAO cntinued prviding its technical assitance t train qualified staff in Aernautical Infrmatin Services and Cartgraphy.