CONOPS Implementation of IFR procedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study. Change History

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2 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Change Histry Versin Status Date Affected Pages Authr Cause and Summary f the Change draft all I. Agüi First draft draft all M. I. Csta Internally reviewed first draft draft M. Mlynarik IFR regulative requirements f the EASA NPA dcuments draft all M. I. Csta Cnslidated draft draft / 3.4 A. Lališ Natinal laws cmpliance assessment final draft all I. Agüi Cnslidated final draft released all I. Agüi Released versin Table f Cntents 1 INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND: FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT CURRENT EU REGULATORY BASIS INTRODUCTION TO THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK LIST OF EU REGULATIONS AND POTENTIAL ANTICIPATED CHANGES EU Legislatin EASA Dcuments NATIONAL LAWS COMPLIANCE ASSESSMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF EU REGULATIONS ON NATIONAL LAWS SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROPOSED APPROACH FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF IFR PROCEDURES COMPETENCE OF AFIS PERSONNEL Staff Skills Requirements Gap Analysis Implementatin Actins TRAINING FOR OTHER AVIATION PERSONNEL Identificatin f Other Aviatin Persnnel Gap Analysis Implementatin Actins METEO REQUIREMENTS Infrmatin Requirements Equipment Requirements Gap Analysis Implementatin Actins IFR PROCEDURES REQUIREMENTS Minimum IFR Prcedures Requirements Operatinal Minima fr RNP APCH Prcedures GNSS Cverage and Availability f the RAIM Functin RNP APCH Prcedure Design Guidelines RNP APCH prcedure apprach publicatin Gap Analysis Implementatin Actins FLIGHT CREW AND AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS Flight Crew: Minimum Requirements Flight Crew: Gap Analysis Flight Crew: Implementatin Actins Aircraft Facilities: Minimum Requirements DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 2/70

3 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Aircraft Facilities: Gap Analysis Aircraft Facilities: Implementatin Actins AIRPORTS EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS Minimum Requirements Runway Requirements GNSS Infrastructure AFIS Equipment Requirements Gap Analysis Implementatin Actins AIRSPACE MODIFICATION REQUIREMENTS Current and Minimum Airspace Requirements Gap Analysis Implementatin Actins SUMMARY IMPLEMENTATION PLAN IMPACT ASSESSMENTS OF IFR OPERATIONS AIRPORT STATUS CHANGE DATA INTEGRITY ASSURANCE ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS REFERENCES ANNEX A: CZCAA IFR STUDY SPECIFIC IFR REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS ANNEX B: AFIS PHRASEOLOGY FOR VEHICLES/PERSONS ON THE MANOEUVRING AREA Cntents f Figures Figure 1: EASA regulatins structure... 8 Figure 2: Apprach prcedures breakdwn classificatin Figure 3: Factrs t cnsider fr RNP APCH implementatin Figure 4: ICAO Apprach categrisatin Figure 5: Runway designatin markings ([R55] ICAO Annex 14 Aerdrmes; Vlume I Aerdrme Design and Operatins) Figure 6: Visual apprach slpe indicatr systems Figure 7: Overview f airspace classificatin Figure 8: German Airspace Restructuratin Figure 9: Shreham Aerdrme Annual Mvements (Cnsultatin dcument) Figure 10: High-level traffic frecast (VFR mvements per year) LKHK Airprt, histric data retrieved frm aerdrme webpage Figure 11: High level traffic frecast cnsidering 5% f peratins are turned int IFR (IFR and VFR mvements per year) LKHK Airprt Figure 12: High level traffic frecast cnsidering 5% f peratins are turned int IFR and that IFR traffic is increased by 8% LKHK Airprt Figure 13: High-level traffic frecast (VFR mvements per year) LKCS Airprt, histric data retrieved frm aerdrme webpage (Nte: CAGR f 5,3% extraplated in time perid ) Figure 14: High level traffic frecast cnsidering 5% f peratins are turned int IFR (IFR and VFR mvements per year) LKCS Airprt Figure 15: High level traffic frecast cnsidering 5% f peratins are turned int IFR and that IFR traffic is increased by 8% LKCS Airprt Cntent f Tables Table 1: Reviewed Eurpean Cmmissin (EC) regulatins Table 2: Reviewed EASA Decisins and NPAs Table 3: Reviewed Czech aviatin regulatins (L-regulatins) Table 4: AFIS unit light signals (nminal cnditins) DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 3/70

4 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Table 5: AFIS unit light signals (emergency cnditins) Table 6: Types f RNAV(GNSS) appraches Table 7: GNSS signal perfrmance requirements fr NPAs and APV Table 8: GNSS signal perfrmance requirements (hrizntal and vertical alert limits) fr NPAs and APV Table 9: Minimum sensr needs fr RNP APCH prcedures Table 10: Maximum switch-ver time per type f apprach Table 11: Summary implementatin plan APAC ATM Cnsulting GmbH N part f the dcument may be reprduced r transmitted in any frm r by any means, electrnic r mechanical, fr any purpse, withut the written permissin f APAC ATM Cnsulting GmbH. Cmpany r prduct names mentined in this dcument may be trademarks r registered trademarks f their respective cmpanies. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 4/70

5 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study 1 Intrductin The aim f the present dcument is t detail the CONOPS fr intrductin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic. The present dcument fllws the feasibility assessment deliverable [R45] D1 - General Feasibility Assessment f the Prject, which prvided an initial verview f the IFR prcedures CONOPS implementatin prject. The bjective f sectin 2 is t prvide an verview f preliminary cnclusins withdrawn frm deliverable [R45] D1 - General Feasibility Assessment f the Prject. The gal f the sectin 3 is tw-fld: first, t evaluate the current regulatry basis fr the present prject; and then, t cmpare and evaluate the cmpliance f natinal legislatin t current EU regulatins and ptential changes which may impact the utcme f the present prject. Fllwing the descriptin f the current regulatry basis fr the prject and cmpliance assessment f natinal rules with EU regulatry framewrk, sectin 4 aims t identify any further amendment t the present natinal legislatin necessary t allw fr the implementatin f the prpsed mdel fr the intrductin f IFR prcedures in uncntrlled aerdrmes in Czech Republic. The fllwing requirements frm the baseline fr the prpsed apprach fr the intrductin f IFR prcedures n uncntrlled aerdrmes: Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes (the German case) - Minimum regulatry impact since RMZ are already defined in the regulatin. Type f appraches t be implemented (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace): IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs. Ptential evaluatin f LPV 200 (Cat I) - Minimum implementatin csts t aerdrmes with feasible appraches. The path set already fr increased precisin appraches. Additinally, the current prpsal fresees the installatin f an AFIS unit, an adequate apprach lighting and a visual apprach slpe indicatr system. Sectin 5 presents a brief impact assessment f IFR peratins n the airprt status change and n data integrity assurance. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 5/70

6 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study 2 Backgrund: Feasibility Assessment As the final step f the general feasibility assessment, a set f preliminary cnclusins have been utlined as input fr the present CONOPS. They include the findings derived frm the cmbinatin f the cmparative analysis between the selected Czech airprts and ther similar Eurpean airprts and the IFR prcedures pssibilities. The cnclusins are the fllwing: LKHK is the mst well equipped and biggest airprt frm the selected Czech Republic aerdrmes and its infrastructure superir r cmparable t the NPA apprved Eurpean airprts. Therefre, the implementatin f IFR NPAs seems highly feasible in terms f facilities and peratins. LKCS and LKMH will require mre imprtant upgrades t their current equipment, such as adequate lighting systems cnsisting f a 420 meters SALS in rder t ensure safety and enable IFR traffic, as stated in [R05] Aviatin Regulatin L14. AFIS implementatin is a requirement t implement IFR prcedures at LKMH, being the nly f the three Czech uncntrlled airprts lacking this service. Furthermre, all the Eurpean studied airprts with IFR peratins are prvided with at least AFIS. Sme cuntries, such as Germany, have declared special znes t deal with GNSS IFR appraches in nn-cntrlled airspaces such as RMZ. Czech regulatin already defines these kind f znes even thugh accrding t the AIP Czech Republic n RMZ is declared in the whle Czech Republic. Regarding the preliminary regulatin assessment and based n the current investigatin f IFR regulative requirements, the implementatin f IFR n uncntrlled airprts seems feasible because IFR NPAs have been implemented in EU states in which the same EU legislatin is in frce. The applicable regulatins d nt blck this prject and its implementatin but t meet the regulative requirements (resulting frm e.g. [R11] Regulatin (EC) N 216/2008 and [R27] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 139/2014) will cause substantial csts t aerdrme peratrs. The applicable internatinal regulatin [R55] ICAO Annex 14 Aerdrmes; Vlume I Aerdrme Design and Operatins as applied t the Czech regulatin thrugh [R05] Aviatin Regulatin L14 states that an aerdrme shall have prper visual aids and at least ne directinal instrumental system t enable nn-precisin IFR appraches. Even thugh, n specificatins are detailed abut visual aids, all the Eurpean aerdrmes studied include edge, PAPI/PLASI and threshld lights as a minimum standard. Amng the different ptins available defining RMZ znes in G airspaces, the German case, is ne f the feasible scenari fr the studied Czech airprts as current regulatin already prvides with the means f RMZ and therefre, nly the declaratin f the znes wuld be required (frm a regulatry perspective). The histrical data and the benchmark perfrmed reflect that GNSS IFR appraches in nncntrlled aerdrmes are a feasible ptin accrding t the Eurpean regulatin. Given the current situatin f the studied Czech airprts, their type f traffic and facilities, it is prpsed t fcus n the implementatin f IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs as an initial step. Hwever, LPV 200 (Cat I) can be studied in case the CZCAA cnsiders it suitable and necessary fr any f the aerdrmes. Nevertheless, interactins with the CZCAA and affected airspaces users wuld be f the utmst imprtance t determine the mst suitable type f IFR apprach fr these three airprts. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 6/70

7 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study 3 Current EU Regulatry Basis The gal f the present sectin is tw-fld: Evaluate the current regulatry basis fr the present prject; Cmpare and evaluate the cmpliance f natinal legislatin t current EU regulatins and ptential changes which may impact the utcme f the present prject. First, an intrductin is prvided t the regulatry framewrk t be cnsidered fr the present analysis (internatinal, reginal and natinal level). Then, an identificatin is perfrmed n current EU legislatin and ptential anticipated changes. Afterwards, a cmpliance assessment is perfrmed between natinal legislatin and EU legislatin (and ptential amendments) identified in the previus sectin. 3.1 Intrductin t the Regulatry Framewrk Fr the evaluatin f the current EU regulatry basis fr the prject area and further cmpliance assessment f suggested natinal legislatin changes with EU legislatin in frce, it is necessary t determine the current regulatry basis related t the prject. Three basic layers f safety regulatin can be distinguished in Eurpe, namely: Internatinal (Glbal) regulatry arrangements and requirements, established and prmulgated by the Internatinal Civil Aviatin Organisatin (ICAO). Reginal regulatry arrangements and requirements. In Eurpe, there is an additinal and intermediate regulatry layer based upn sme ceding f natinal regulatry functins t supranatinal agencies. The bjective f creating such bdies is t ensure a high and unifrm level f safety in civil aviatin, by the adptin f cmmn safety rules and measures in line with ICAO standards and recmmended practices. Natinal regulatry arrangements and requirements, prmulgated in natinal legislatin and ther nrmative acts by the designated State authrities. Natinal safety regulatry requirements shuld cmply with thse established at glbal and reginal level. The principle internatinal rganisatin is the Internatinal Civil Aviatin Organisatin (ICAO). ICAO is an agency f the United Natins and was established in 1944 thrugh the Cnventin n Internatinal Civil Aviatin, knwn as the Chicag Cnventin. Thrugh the participatin f cntracting states, ICAO develps SARPs that cver all aspects f aviatin, including safety. SARPs prvide the fundatin f all safety regulatry regimes at a glbal scale. By signing the Chicag Cnventin, a state agrees that adpted standards will be implemented in its wn territries, r any difference will be ntified t ICAO. Regulatins f the Eurpean Cuncil and f the Eurpean Cmmissin are the mst cmmn legal instruments used fr enhancing aviatin safety in Eurpe. In additin, t prmte the highest cmmn standards f safety and envirnmental prtectin in civil aviatin, the Eurpean Aviatin Safety Agency (EASA) was set up in 2003 as an agency f the Eurpean Unin. Currently EASA cmpetence cvers the initial certificatin and cntinuing airwrthiness f aircraft and related prducts, the apprval f rganisatins invlved in the design, manufacture and maintenance f aernautical prducts and certificatin f persnnel and rganisatins invlved in the peratin f aircraft. By 2012, fllwing adptin f the Single Eurpean Sky II legislative package, EASA is t extend the scpe f its activities t include airprt peratins and Air Traffic Management, t. Finally, a natinal safety regulatry functin is established in each state. There is a cnsiderable variatin in the implementatin f the internatinal safety regulatins and arrangements at the natinal level. This allws fr reginal flexibility but als leads t sme incnsistencies. Many safety regulatry requirements are prving difficult t implement, bth in states with limited pre-existing safety regulatin and thse with well established regulatry regimes. The fllwing describe with further detail certain legislative aspects relevant t the present assignment. The EU Legislatr The backbne f the Eurpean aviatin safety system is cnstituted by a set f cmmn safety rules which are directly applicable in a unifrm manner acrss the EU. These cmmn safety rules, which apply bth t the industry as well as t the civil aviatin authrities, cnstitute the basis f the initial apprval and cntinuing versight f all undertakings engaged in aviatin activities in the internal market. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 7/70

8 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study The Eurpean Parliament and the Cuncil act as the EU legislatr, with the Cmmissin retaining the right f initiative t prpse legislatin. In additin, the Cmmissin has, in certain specific cases, the pwer t adpt regulatins. These legal instruments can be described as 'hard law', and includes thse cdes and regulatins that are legally binding. The Basic Regulatin Figure 1: EASA regulatins structure In 2002, with [R44] Regulatin (EC) N 1592/2002 the EU adpted a first set f new generatin f aviatin safety rules. This regulatin was replaced by the current Basic Regulatin which is cmpsed f [R11] Regulatin (EC) N 216/2008 and its amendments. The Basic Regulatin als established the Eurpean Aviatin Safety Agency (EASA) as the crnerstne f the Eurpean aviatin safety plicy. The current rules, fully cmpliant with ICAO SARPs, cver all issues related t the initial airwrthiness, including the design and the prductin f aircraft and ther aernautical prducts, their cntinuing airwrthiness and maintenance, as well as aircraft peratins and the training & licensing f crew, aernautical mechanics, technicians and engineers. [R12] Regulatin (EC) N 1108/2009 amended [R11] and enabled the EU t lay dwn, in line with the Standards and Recmmended Practices f the Chicag Cnventin, essential requirements applicable t aernautical prducts, parts and appliances, aerdrmes, persns and rganizatin invlved in the prvisin f ATM/ANS and t persns and prducts invlved in the training f air traffic cntrllers. The rle f EASA EASA carries ut, n behalf f the Member States, the functins and tasks f the State f Design, Manufacture and Registry when related t design apprval, as specified in the Chicag Cnventin and its Annexes. EASA is independent in relatin t technical matters and has legal, administrative and financial autnmy. It has legal persnality and exercises implementing pwers cnferred n it by regulatin, by undertaking tasks and frmulating pinins n the design, prductin and maintenance and peratins f aernautical prducts, aircraft peratins, aerdrmes and related equipment and persnnel, ATM/ANS peratins persnnel and rganizatins. In additin EASA prvides the Cmmissin supprt and assists it in preparing measures and cnducting inspectins and investigatins. Implementing Rules Aviatin safety implementing rules are adpted by the Eurpean Cmmissin n the basis f technical pinins issued by EASA. The prper implementatin f the rules is regularly mnitred by the Cmmissin with the assistance f EASA which carries ut regular standardisatin inspectins in all Member States. Enfrcement actins can be taken if safety deficiencies are detected. These can invlve the suspensin f the mutual recgnitin f certificates r penalties impsed n certificate hlders. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 8/70

9 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Each Part t each implementing regulatin 'sft law' has its wn recmmended practices, such as CS, AMC, r GM as adpted by EASA, which are explanatins n the cntent f regulatins. The latter, even thugh nt binding, prvide a presumptin f cmpliance with the legal requirements. Industry and Member States may deviate frm 'sft law' prvided they cmply with the rule. Other Authrities cntributing in the legislative framewrk EUROCONTROL is an internatinal rganisatin funded in 1960 and cmpsed f Member States frm the Eurpean Regin, including the Eurpean Cmmunity which became a member in EUROCONTROL is invlved in almst every aspect f air traffic management, in clse cperatin with stakehlders. One f its main activities is t supprt the Eurpean Cmmissin, EASA and Natinal Supervisry Authrities in their regulatry activities. Natinal Supervisry Authrities (NSAs) ensure the supervisin f the regulatry framewrk in all Member States. They are in particular respnsible fr certifying and verseeing air navigatin service prviders as well as fr the preparatin f the natinal perfrmance plans f the Member States cncerned. 3.2 List f EU Regulatins and Ptential Anticipated Changes The fllwing subsectins detail EU legislatin, internatinal standards and requirements related t the prject scpe belw: a. EU legislatin in frce (e.g. Regulatins, Implementing Regulatins, Directives etc.); b. EASA NPAs, Decisins and Opinins that can ptentially impact the prpsed prject EU Legislatin The fllwing Eurpean Cmmissin (EC) regulatins and implementing regulatins have been identified as pssibly impacting the current prject: Ref. Dcument [R09] Regulatin (EC) N 550/2004 f the Eurpean Parliament and f the Cuncil f 10 March 2004 n the prvisin f air navigatin services in the single Eurpean sky (the service prvisin Regulatin) [R10] [R11] [R12] [R13] [R14] [R15] [R16] [R17] Regulatin (EC) N 1070/2009 f the Eurpean Parliament and f the Cuncil f 21 Octber 2009 amending Regulatins (EC) N 549/2004, (EC) N 550/2004, (EC) N 551/2004 and (EC) N 552/2004 in rder t imprve the perfrmance and sustainability f the Eurpean aviatin system Regulatin (EC) N 216/2008 f the Eurpean Parliament and f the Cuncil f 20 February 2008 n cmmn rules in the field f civil aviatin and establishing a Eurpean Aviatin Safety Agency, and repealing Cuncil Directive 91/670/EEC, Regulatin (EC) N 1592/2002 and Directive 2004/36/EC Regulatin (EC) N 1108/2009 f the Eurpean Parliament and f the Cuncil f 21 Octber 2009 amending Regulatin (EC) N 216/2008 in the field f aerdrmes, air traffic management and air navigatin services and repealing Directive 2006/23/EC Cmmissin Regulatin (EC) N 1033/2006 f 4 July 2006 laying dwn the requirements n prcedures fr flight plans in the pre-flight phase fr the single Eurpean sky Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 428/2013 f 8 May 2013 amending Regulatin (EC) N 1033/2006 as regards the ICAO prvisins referred t in Article 3(1) and repealing Regulatin (EU) N 929/2010 Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/2120 f 2 December 2016 amending Regulatin (EC) N 1033/2006 as regards the prvisins referred t in Article 3(1) Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 255/2010 f 25 March 2010 laying dwn cmmn rules n air traffic flw management Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/1006 f 22 June 2016 amending Regulatin (EU) N 255/2010 as regards the ICAO prvisins referred t in Article 3(1) DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 9/70

10 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Ref. [R18] [R19] [R20] [R21] [R22] [R23] [R24] [R25] [R26] [R27] [R38] [R39] Dcument Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 1035/2011 f 17 Octber 2011 laying dwn cmmn requirements fr the prvisin f air navigatin services and amending Regulatins (EC) N 482/2008 and (EU) N 691/2010 Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 448/2014 f 2 May 2014 amending Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 1035/2011 by updating references t the Annexes t the Chicag Cnventin Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 1034/2011 f 17 Octber 2011 n safety versight in air traffic management and air navigatin services and amending Regulatin (EU) N 691/2010 Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/1377 f 4 August 2016 laying dwn cmmn requirements fr service prviders and the versight in air traffic management/air navigatin services and ther air traffic management netwrk functins, repealing Regulatin (EC) N 482/2008, Implementing Regulatins (EU) N 1034/2011 and (EU) N 1035/2011 and amending Regulatin (EU) N 677/2011 Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 923/2012 f 26 September 2012 laying dwn the cmmn rules f the air and peratinal prvisins regarding services and prcedures in air navigatin and amending Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 1035/2011 and Regulatins (EC) N 1265/2007, (EC) N 1794/2006, (EC) N 730/2006, (EC) N 1033/2006 and (EU) N 255/2010 Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/1185 f 20 July 2016 amending Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 923/2012 as regards the update and cmpletin f the cmmn rules f the air and peratinal prvisins regarding services and prcedures in air navigatin (SERA Part C) and repealing Regulatin (EC) N 730/2006 Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) 2015/340 f 20 February 2015 laying dwn technical requirements and administrative prcedures relating t air traffic cntrllers' licences and certificates pursuant t Regulatin (EC) N 216/2008 f the Eurpean Parliament and f the Cuncil, amending Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 923/2012 and repealing Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 805/2011 Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 73/2010 f 26 January 2010 laying dwn requirements n the quality f aernautical data and aernautical infrmatin fr the single Eurpean sky Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 1029/2014 f 26 September 2014 amending Regulatin (EU) N 73/2010 laying dwn requirements n the quality f aernautical data and aernautical infrmatin fr the single Eurpean sky Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 139/2014 f 12 February 2014 laying dwn requirements and administrative prcedures related t aerdrmes pursuant t Regulatin (EC) N 216/2008 f the Eurpean Parliament and f the Cuncil Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 965/2012 f 5 Octber 2012 laying dwn technical requirements and administrative prcedures related t air peratins pursuant t Regulatin (EC) N 216/2008 f the Eurpean Parliament and f the Cuncil Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 1178/2011 f 3 Nvember 2011 laying dwn technical requirements and administrative prcedures related t civil aviatin aircrew pursuant t Regulatin (EC) N 216/2008 f the Eurpean Parliament and f the Cuncil Table 1: Reviewed Eurpean Cmmissin (EC) regulatins Within all EU legislatin described abve, the fllwing IFR regulative requirements identified in the EU legislatin in frce: [R09] Regulatin (EC) N 550/2004 as amended by [R10] Regulatin (EC) N 1070/2009. N IFR regulative requirements identified. [R11] Regulatin (EC) N 216/2008 as amended by [R12] Regulatin (EC) N 1108/2009. Initially [R11] did nt cntain any IFR regulative requirements. Amendment [R12] intrduced requirements t aerdrmes, including equipment, pen t public use and which serve cmmercial air transprt and where peratins using instrument apprach r departure prcedures are prvided, and have a paved runway f 800 metres r abve; r exclusively serve helicpters. Hwever DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 10/70

11 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study member state may decide t exempt an aerdrme which handles n mre than passengers; and 850 mvements related t carg peratins per year. The requirements identified are in Annex A: CZCAA IFR study Specific IFR Regulatry Requirements / Reg cnslidated. [R13] Cmmissin Regulatin (EC) N 1033/2006 as amended by [R22] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 923/2012, [R14] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 428/2013 and [R15] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/2120. [R13] is als applicable t ATS units prviding services t general air traffic flying in accrdance with instrument flight rules. As ATS can als be ATC r AFIS this regulatin is applicable t them. The requirements identified are in Annex A: CZCAA IFR study Specific IFR Regulatry Requirements / Reg cnslidated. [R16] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 255/2010 as amended by [R22] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 923/2012 and [R17] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/1006. [R16] is applicable t all flights intended t perate r perating as general air traffic and in accrdance with the instrument flight rules in whle r in part. As [R16] is als applicable t ATS units (ATC r AFIS) this regulatin is als applicable t them. The requirements identified are in Annex A: CZCAA IFR study Specific IFR Regulatry Requirements / Reg cnslidated. [R18] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 1035/2011 as amended by [R22] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 923/2012 and [R19] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 448/2014. N IFR regulative requirements identified. [R20] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 1034/2011. N IFR regulative requirements identified. [R21] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/1377. N IFR regulative requirements identified. [R22] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 923/2012 as amended by [R24] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) 2015/340 and [R23] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/1185. [R22] is applicable t the cmpetent authrities f the member states, air navigatin service prviders, aerdrme peratrs and grund persnnel engaged in aircraft peratins. It als cntains rules applicable t all IFR flights. The requirements identified are in Annex A: CZCAA IFR study Specific IFR Regulatry Requirements / Reg cnslidated. [R24] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) 2015/340. N IFR regulative requirements identified. [R25] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 73/2010 as amended by [R26] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 1029/2014. [R25] This regulatin is als applicable t peratrs f thse aerdrmes and heliprts, fr which IFR prcedures have been published in natinal aernautical infrmatin publicatins. The requirements identified are in Annex A: CZCAA IFR study Specific IFR Regulatry Requirements / Reg cnslidated. [R27] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 139/2014. If n exemptin is prvided by the member state (see cmment f [R11] abve.), the aerdrme peratr where peratins using instrument apprach r departure prcedures are prvided has t fulfil requirements f this regulatin [R27]. The requirements identified are in Annex A: CZCAA IFR study Specific IFR Regulatry Requirements / Reg [R38] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 965/2012 and [R39] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 1178/2011 have nt been cnsidered fr the present sectin. Hwever, they have been taken int accunt fr the develpment f the rest f this CONOPS dcument. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 11/70

12 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study EASA Dcuments The fllwing EASA NPAs, Decisins and Opinins have been identified as pssibly impacting the current prject: Ref. Dcument [R28] Decisin 2013/013/R f the Executive Directr f the Eurpean Aviatin Safety Agency f 17 July 2013 adpting the Acceptable Means f Cmpliance and Guidance Material t Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 923/2012 f 26 September 2012 laying dwn the cmmn rules f the air and peratinal prvisins regarding services and prcedures in air navigatin and amending Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 1035/2011 and Regulatins (EC) N 1265/2007, (EC) N 1794/2006, (EC) N 730/2006, (EC) N 1033/2006 and (EU) N 255/20101 Acceptable Means f Cmpliance and Guidance Material t the rules f the air [R29] Decisin 2016/023/R f the Executive Directr f the Eurpean Aviatin Safety Agency f 13 Octber 2016 amending the Acceptable Means f Cmpliance and Guidance Material t Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 923/2012 [R30] [R31] NPA (A) - Requirements fr air traffic services NPA (B) - Requirements fr air traffic services [R32] Decisin 2015/010/R f the Executive Directr f the Eurpean Aviatin Safety Agency f 13 March 2015 adpting Acceptable Means f Cmpliance and Guidance Material t Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) 2015/340 Table 2: Reviewed EASA Decisins and NPAs EASA Ntices f Prpsed Amendments [R30] NPA (A) and [R31] NPA (B) cntain update prpsals f [R21] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/1377Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/1377 and [R22] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 923/2012 as amended by [R24] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) 2015/340 and [R23] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/1185. [R30] NPA (A) includes nly prcedural infrmatin, explanatry nte and regulatry impact assessment. [R31] NPA (B) includes the prpsed amendments t bth implementing regulatins and in this NPA fllwing IFR regulative requirements were identified: I. Fr [R21] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) 2016/1377 The requirements identified are in Annex A: CZCAA IFR study Specific IFR Regulatry Requirements / NPA (B). II. Fr [R22] Cmmissin Implementing Regulatin (EU) N 923/2012 as amended by [R24] and [R23] N IFR regulative requirements identified. Please nte that the specific IFR regulative requirements identified in this sectin might be intrduced in the Eurpean legislatin and becme applicable in the future. 3.3 Natinal Laws Cmpliance Assessment The fllwing natinal laws and rules are identified as being f relevance fr the present assessment: Ref. [R01] [R02] [R03] [R04] [R05] [R06] [R07] [R08] Dcument Aviatin Regulatin L2 - Rules f the Air Aviatin Regulatin L3 - Meterlgy Aviatin Regulatin L10/II - Aernautical Telecmmunicatins; Vlume II - Cmmunicatin Prcedures Aviatin Regulatin L11 - Air Traffic Services Aviatin Regulatin L14 - Aerdrmes Aviatin Regulatin L Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Air Traffic Management Aviatin Regulatin L Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins Aviatin Regulatin L Eurpean Reginal Supplementary Prcedures DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 12/70

13 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Table 3: Reviewed Czech aviatin regulatins (L-regulatins) A cmpliance assessment was perfrmed between the abvementined Czech regulatins and the referred EU legislatin and EASA dcuments listed in sectin 3.2. N discrepancies have been fund as a result f the analysis. 3.4 Impact Assessment f EU Regulatins n Natinal Laws Given that the cmpliance assessment cnducted in the previus sectin between Czech regulatins and EU legislatin and EASA dcuments cncluded that there were n discrepancies, it is derived that there is n need t assess the impact f thse ptential nn-cmpliances n Czech laws relating t the scpe f the prject. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 13/70

14 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study 4 Specific Requirements fr the Prpsed Apprach fr Implementatin f IFR Prcedures Fllwing the descriptin f the current regulatry basis fr the prject and cmpliance assessment f natinal rules with EU regulatry framewrk, the present sectin aims t identified further amendments t the present natinal legislatin t cmply with the prpsed mdel fr the intrductin f IFR prcedures in uncntrlled aerdrmes in Czech Republic. The fllwing requirements frm the baseline fr the prpsed apprach fr the intrductin f IFR prcedures n uncntrlled aerdrmes: Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes (the German case) - Minimum regulatry impact since RMZ are already defined in the regulatin. Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs. Ptential evaluatin f LPV 200 (Cat I) - Minimum implementatin csts t aerdrmes with feasible appraches. The path set already fr increased precisin appraches. Additinally, the current prpsal fresees the installatin f an AFIS unit, an adequate apprach lighting and a visual apprach slpe indicatr system. Cnsidering the abve mentined apprach, the fllwing sectins detail specific requirements in the fllwing areas: Cmpetence f AFIS persnnel; Training fr ther aviatin persnnel; METEO requirements; IFR prcedure requirements; Flight crew and aircraft facilities requirements; Airprt equipment requirements; Airspace mdificatin requirements. Sectin 4.8 summarizes the implementatin actins recmmended thrughut the previus sectins. 4.1 Cmpetence f AFIS Persnnel Accrding t ICAO definitin, an AFIS Officer is a persn prperly trained, cmpetent and duly authrized t prvide aerdrme flight infrmatin service and, if necessary, licensed. Unlike air traffic cntrllers, except fr cases when relaying clearance frm air traffic cntrl (ATC), AFIS Officers (AFISO) shall nly pass infrmatin and warnings t pilts. Pilts are therefre whlly respnsible fr maintaining prper spacing in cnfrmity with the rules f the air. Installatin f an AFIS unit at uncntrlled aerdrmes is ne f the baseline requirements fr the prpsed apprach fr implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic. The cmpetences f AFIS persnnel must be in line with the ther relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes; Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace). The fllwing subsectins detail AFIS staff skill requirements fr the prpsed apprach, gap analysis cnsidering current regulatin and identified implementatin actins and amendment f current regulatin (if necessary) Staff Skills Requirements The German case is taken as the reference case fr the present assessment as it is in line with the current prpsal fr intrductin f IFR prcedures in Czech Republic. In Nvember 2016, the German Federal Office fr Air Traffic Cntrl (Bundesaufsichtsamt für Flugsicherung, BAF) issued a new directive which regulates the details f the certificatin f AFIS services and the licensing f AFIS specialists. The BAF has already received a request fr certificatin frm all service prviders in places fr which a Radi Mandatry Zne (RMZ) has been set up and in which the AFIS service has already been registered in the Aernautical Infrmatin Publicatin (AIP). DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 14/70

15 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study The fllwing dcumentatin is applicable in the reference case: [R42] Directive n Requirements fr the Certificatin and Licensing f AFIS in Germany; [R43] Air traffic cntrl persnnel training regulatin. Accrding t the [R42] Directive n Requirements fr the Certificatin and Licensing f AFIS in Germany, AFIS Officers in Germany are required t g thrugh the fllwing three training curses: Basic curse fr air traffic management specialists (with the exceptin f the training mdule "Intrductin t the air traffic management cmpany DFS"); Permissin curse fr flight data prcessing; General radi peratr's certificate fr the aviatin radi service (AZF). The fllwing cntents are there included in the basic curse fr air traffic management specialists required fr AFIS specialists: Intrductin t the basic curse fr air traffic management specialists, especially: Curse management and administratin; Curse cntent; Perfrmance reviews. Human factrs, specially: Human achievement; Errrs and failures; Cmmunicatin; Wrk envirnment. Air law, especially: Natinal and internatinal rganizatins; Dmestic and internatinal air law; Security Management. Air traffic cntrl peratinal prcedures, especially: Air Traffic Cntrl Service; Flight Infrmatin Service; Alerting Service; Aernautical Infrmatin Service; ATFM. Meterlgy, especially: Earth s atmsphere; Weather phenmena; Weather infrmatin; Weather reprts. Navigatin, especially: Earth; Aernautical Charts; Basics f navigatin; Navigatin methds. Aircraft and aerspace cstumers, especially: Basic principles f flying; Aircraft categries; Aircraft data. Technical air navigatin systems, especially: Radi and cmmunicatin systems; Intrductin t the electrnic aviatin representatin; Data prcessing and transmissin systems. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 15/70

16 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Aernautical, especially: Basics; Talk grups. Aviatin English, especially: Grammar; Aviatin-specific vcabulary; Practical applicatins. Practical flight data prcessing, especially: Flight schedules; Air traffic cntrl messages; Ntice t Airmen; Histry f the flight data; Autmatin. Business Envirnment. The fllwing cntents are there included in the permissin curse fr flight data prcessing: Intrductin t permit curse fr flight data prcessing, especially: Curse management and administratin; Curse cntent; Perfrmance reviews. Human factrs especially: Psychlgical factrs; Medical and physilgical factrs; Scial and rganizatinal factrs; Stress; Human errr; Wrk envirnment. Operating prcedures in the flight data prcessing, especially: Regulatins fr flight data prcessing; Operating instructins fr wrkplaces f the flight data prcessing; Air traffic management; Data management; Autmated data prcessing systems; Technical cmpnents and functinalities; Cmmunicatins systems; Opening prcedure in the flight data prcessing. Practical flight data prcessing, especially: Skills in flight data prcessing; Handling systems in the wrkplace f the flight data prcessing; Flight data prcessing in exceptinal situatins. With respect t the implementatin f RNP APCH prcedures, in particular fr APV BARO-VNAV peratins, [R40] EASA AMC states that it is expected that air navigatin service prvisin will include data and infrmatin t enable crrect and accurate altimeter setting n bard the aircraft, as well as lcal temperature. This data will be frm measurement equipment at the airprt where the apprach is t take place (remte r reginal pressure setting are nt authrised). The specific medium fr transmissin f this data and infrmatin t the aircraft may include vice cmmunicatin, ATIS r ther media. In supprt f this, it is als expected that MET service prviders will assure the accuracy, currency and availability f meterlgical data supprting APV BARO-VNAV peratins. In rder t minimise the ptential fr misssetting f barmetric reference, Air Traffic Cntrllers will cnfirm QNH with flight crews prir t cmmencement f the apprach. [R41] EASA AMC states that RNAV GNSS apprach peratin t LPV minima using SBAS des nt include specific requirements fr cmmunicatin r ATS surveillance. Adequate bstacle clearance is DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 16/70

17 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study achieved thrugh aircraft perfrmance, Instrument Apprach prcedure design and perating prcedures. Where reliance is placed n the use f radar t assist cntingency prcedures, its perfrmance will be shwn t be adequate fr that purpse, and the requirement fr a radar service will be identified in the AIP. On the ther hand, [R36] ICAO EUR RNP APCH Guidance Material (EUR Dc 025) states the fllwing: Air traffic cntrllers, wh prvide cntrl services at airprts where RNP appraches have been implemented, shuld have cmpleted training that cvers the items listed belw Cre training a) Hw area navigatin systems wrk: - Include functinal capabilities and limitatins; - Accuracy, integrity, availability and cntinuity including n-bard perfrmance mnitring and alerting; - GPS receiver, RAIM, FDE, and integrity alerts; - Waypint fly-by versus flyver cncept (and different turn perfrmances); b) Flight plan requirements; c) ATC prcedures; - ATC cntingency prcedures; - Separatin minima; - Mixed equipage envirnment; - Transitin between different perating envirnments; - Phraselgy Training specific t RNP APCH a) Related cntrl prcedures: - Radi vectring techniques (when apprpriate); b) RNP apprach and related prcedures: - Including T and Y appraches; and - Apprach minima; c) Impact f requesting a change t ruting during a prcedure Gap Analysis Current situatin Accrding t [R04] Aviatin Regulatin L11 - Air Traffic Services, Appendix N, the fllwing functins and activities n AFIS unit are defined in Czech Republic: 2.2 Functins and activities n AFIS statin Fllwing functins are set at AFIS statin: a) Head f AFIS statin; b) AFIS dispatcher. 2.3 Head f AFIS statin Every AFIS statin must have an appinted permanent head. Head f AFIS statin is subrdinate t aerdrme peratr representative (fr example head f air peratins at the aerdrme. His appintment must be verifiable.) and t be able t perfrm this functin, he/she must have valid AFIS dispatcher license In urgent peratinal cases, the functin f aerdrme peratr representative and head f AFIS statin can be cmbined. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 17/70

18 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Head f AFIS statin is respnsible fr verall aerdrme flight infrmatin and alerting service at aerdrme and in ATZ Head f AFIS statin bligatins are: a) Develpment f set dcumentatin fr prviding the service and statin s activities; b) Creatin f wrk methdlgy at the statin; c) Crdinatin f statin activities in relatin t aerdrme and ther rganizatin/peple activities; d) Debating the prpsals fr crdinatin and ther agreements fr cperatin; e) Organizatin f schling, training and re-examinatin f AFIS statin persnnel; f) Respnsibility fr the use f prescribed statin equipment and its technical cnditin in cmpliance with valid legislatin, and keeping the dcumentatin valid; g) Carrying ut cntrl activities at statin and their recrd in peratinal lgbk f statin; h) Develpment r apprving f list f persnnel n duty ( distributin list f duties ). 2.4 AFIS dispatcher AFIS dispatcher is subrdinate t Head f AFIS statin AFIS dispatcher n duty is directly respnsible fr prviding aerdrme flight infrmatin and alerting service t knwn air traffic at aerdrme r in ATZ. Under the cnditins stated in 4.9, AFIS dispatcher is respnsible fr prviding aerdrme flight infrmatin and alerting service in neighburing and verlapping airspaces, as well AFIS dispatcher has a right t issue rders t peple participating in air peratins n aerdrme, such as signalman, starter man, time keeping man, winch peratr, air drp cntrller, paratrpers landing zne verseer, etc. These peple are bliged t fllw the issued rders AFIS dispatcher is nt authrized t issue any flight clearance. When it is needed t avid imminent danger, dispatcher can in justified cases issue and rder r a prhibitin t pilts. 2:4.5 AFIS dispatcher bligatins are: a) Prviding aerdrme flight infrmatin services in accrdance with prvisin 4; b) Keeping verview f traffic at aerdrme and in its vicinity; c) React t unknwn traffic and traffic withut radi cmmunicatin; d) Keeping verview f knwn traffic in regard t their expected return, if it is agreed s; e) Crdinatin with ther statins accrding t valid crdinatin agreements; f) Mnitring the status f aerdrme and its equipment (that serves the air peratins) serviceability. In rder t d s, he/she carries ut a cntrl f mvement area and equipment befre the beginning f peratins and whenever the cnditins change and makes an entry t peratinal lgbk; g) Keeping prescribed peratins dcumentatin; h) Ensures updating f crrect placement f grund visual signals (see [R01] Aviatin Regulatin L2 and [R05] Aviatin Regulatin L14); i) Infrming apprpriate authrities abut vilatin f aviatin regulatins either directly r thrugh the Head f AFIS statin. 2.8 Qualificatin and keeping f AFIS dispatcher license T perfrm the functin f AFIS dispatcher, ne must be hlder f valid AFIS dispatcher license. This license is valid at every aerdrme in Czech Republic, that prvides AFIS service T perfrm AFIS dispatcher functin at internatinal AFIS aerdrme in Czech Republic, during peratinal hurs, the AFIS dispatcher must have language knwledge at level required by prvisin f Aviatin Regulatin L1 and must have the btained qualificatin recrded in the AFIS dispatcher license. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 18/70

19 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study If AFIS dispatcher is perfrming his/her functins at ther than hme aerdrme, he/she must be taught lcal cnditins and prcedures by the Head f AFIS statin f that aerdrme and there must be a recrd f such teaching Cnditins fr btaining an AFIS dispatcher license are set by the CAA. AFIS dispatcher licenses are issued by the CAA, r by an authrized rganizatin. AFIS dispatcher n duty is bligated t have his/her AFIS dispatcher license n him/her during the duty and shws it t inspecting bdy upn request AFIS dispatcher must be a hlder f certificate fr radi peratr fr an aernautical mbile service, issued by Czech Telecmmunicatin Office AFIS dispatcher must underg schling abut prviding AFIS every year and there must be a recrd f such schling. Gap analysis f requirements The cmpetences f AFIS persnnel must be in line with the ther relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes (the German case); Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace). The fllwing cnclusins are drawn: Just as the reference German regulatin, Czech regulatin mandates that AFIS peratrs must hld a certificate fr radi peratr fr an aernautical mbile service. As such, Czech regulatin is thught t be already in line fr the current prpsal f airspace re-rganizatin. Neither the German nr the Czech regulatin refer t specific training relating t RNP APCH peratins, even thugh such specific training is recmmended by [R36] ICAO EUR RNP APCH Guidance Material (EUR Dc 025) fr ATCO s perfrming such peratins Implementatin Actins The cmpetences f AFIS persnnel must be in line with the ther relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes; Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace). After cnducting the gap analysis in the previus sectin, the fllwing implementatin actins can be derived: AFIS_P1: Regarding the prpsed re-structuratin f airspace, n implementatin actins cncerning AFIS persnnel training are recmmended in the present analysis as Czech regulatin mandates that AFIS peratrs must hld a certificate fr radi peratr fr an aernautical mbile service. AFIS_P2: Regarding the intrductin f RNP APCH prcedures at uncntrlled aerdrmes, revisin f the regulatin [R04] Aviatin Regulatin L11 is advised in rder t clearly state whether there is the need fr specific training f AFIS persnnel fr the supprt f IFR apprach prcedures. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 19/70

20 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study 4.2 Training fr Other Aviatin Persnnel Present sectin aims t detail the analysis f any required training f ther aviatin persnnel that wuld be needed fr the intrductin f IFR prcedures n uncntrlled aerdrmes in the Czech Republic, especially in terms f safety and peratinal issues. The cmpetences f ther aviatin persnnel must be in line with the relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Flight Infrmatin Service: Implementatin f AFIS units at uncntrlled aerdrmes; Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes; Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace) Identificatin f Other Aviatin Persnnel [R50] ICAO Annex 1 Persnnel Licensing, Chapter 4 establishes guidelines fr the licenses and ratings fr the fllwing persnnel ther than Flight Crew members: Aircraft maintenance (technician/engineer/mechanic); Student air traffic cntrller; Air traffic cntrller license; Air traffic cntrller ratings; Flight peratins fficer/flight dispatcher license; Aernautical statin peratr license; Aernautical meterlgical persnnel. Nte 1: A flight dispatcher (als knwn as a flight peratins fficer) assists in planning flight paths, taking int accunt aircraft perfrmance and lading, en-rute winds, thunderstrm and turbulence frecasts, airspace restrictins, and airprt cnditins. Dispatchers als prvide a flight fllwing service and advise pilts if cnditins change. They usually wrk in the peratins centre f the airline. Nte 2: The aernautical statin peratr license is intended fr persnnel in charge f cmmunicatins between aircraft and air traffic cntrller in ceanic area where HF radi cmmunicatins are used. Nte 3: The requirements fr training and qualificatins fr all aernautical meterlgical persnnel are the respnsibility f the Wrld Meterlgical Organizatin (WMO) in accrdance with the Wrking arrangements between the ICAO and the Wrld Meterlgical Organizatin, see [R58] ICAO DOC 7475 Wrking Arrangements between the Internatinal Civil Aviatin Organizatin and the Wrld Meterlgical Organizatin. The requirements can be fund in [R57] WMO-N. 258 Guidelines fr the educatin and training f persnnel in meterlgy and peratinal hydrlgy - Vlume I. [R55] ICAO Annex 14 Aerdrmes; Vlume I Aerdrme Design and Operatins additinally refers t the training f the fllwing persnnel: Rescue and firefighting persnnel; Vehicle peratrs. Regarding AFIS statin maintenance and the maintenance f the upgraded airprt equipment fr NPA runways, n relevant infrmatin abut the respnsible persnnel has been fund in the reviewed regulatins Gap Analysis The fllwing specificatins are t be taken int accunt: [R36] ICAO EUR RNP APCH Guidance Material (EUR Dc 025) des nt specify any training/licensing requirements fr persnnel ther than ATC and flight crew (see sectin 4.2.1) fr the implementatin f RNP APCH prcedures. [R37] EUROCONTROL Manual fr Aerdrme Flight Infrmatin Service (AFIS) specifies the fllwing cmmunicatin requirements and visual signs fr cntrl f grund vehicles and persnnel upn AFIS deplyment: DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 20/70

21 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Entry t the maneuvring area The mvement f persns r vehicles including twed aircraft n the maneuvring area shall be subject t authrizatin 1 by the AFIS unit. Persns, including drivers f all vehicles, shall be required t btain authrizatin frm the AFIS unit befre entry t the maneuvring area. Ntwithstanding such an authrizatin, entry t a runway r runway strip r change in the peratin authrized shall be subject t a further specific authrizatin by the AFIS unit Pririty n the maneuvring area All vehicles and persns shall give way t aircraft which are landing, taxiing r taking ff, except that emergency vehicles prceeding t the assistance f an aircraft in distress shall be affrded pririty ver all ther surface mvement traffic. In the latter case, all mvement f surface traffic shuld, t the extent practicable, be halted until it is determined that the prgress f the emergency vehicles will nt be impeded When an aircraft is landing r taking ff, vehicles shall nt be permitted t hld clser t the runway-in-use than: a. at a taxiway/runway intersectin at a runway-hlding psitin; and b. at a lcatin ther than a taxiway/runway intersectin at a distance equal t the separatin distance f the runway-hlding psitin Cmmunicatin requirements and visual signals At AFIS aerdrmes all vehicles emplyed n the maneuvring area shall be capable f maintaining tw-way radi-cmmunicatin with the AFIS unit, except when the vehicle is nly ccasinally used n the maneuvring area and is: a. accmpanied by a vehicle with the required cmmunicatins capability; r b. emplyed in accrdance with a pre-arranged plan established with the AFIS unit When cmmunicatins by a system f visual signals is deemed t be adequate, r in the case f radi-cmmunicatin failure, the signals given hereunder shall have the meaning indicated therein: Light signal frm AFIS unit Green flashes Steady red Red flashes White flashes Meaning Permissin t crss landing area r t mve nt taxiway Stp Mve ff the landing area r taxiway and watch ut fr aircraft Vacate maneuvring area in accrdance with lcal instructins Table 4: AFIS unit light signals (nminal cnditins) In emergency cnditins r if the signals in are nt bserved, the signal given hereunder shall be used fr runways r taxiways equipped with a lighting system and shall have the meaning indicated therein. Light signal frm AFIS unit Flashing runway r taxiway lights Meaning Vacate the runway and bserve the twer fr light signal Table 5: AFIS unit light signals (emergency cnditins) When emplyed in accrdance with a plan prearranged with the AFIS unit, cnstructinal and maintenance persnnel shuld nt nrmally be required t be capable f maintaining tw-way radi- cmmunicatin with the AFIS unit. 1 Crrespnding infrmatin n AFIS Phraselgy fr vehicles/persns n the maneuvering area is given in Annex B: AFIS Phraselgy fr Vehicles/Persns n the Maneuvring Area. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 21/70

22 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study The cmmunicatins prcedures shall be in accrdance with [R54] ICAO Annex 10 Aernautical Telecmmunicatins; Vlume II Cmmunicatin Prcedures including thse with PANS status, and pilts, ATS persnnel and ther grund persnnel shall be thrughly familiar with the raditelephny prcedures cntained therein Implementatin Actins The cmpetences f ther aviatin persnnel must be in line with the relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Flight Infrmatin Service: Implementatin f AFIS units at uncntrlled aerdrmes; Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes; Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace). Regarding the last tw pints described abve, n implementatin actins in the cntext f training f ther aviatin persnnel fr the intrductin f IFR prcedures in uncntrlled aerdrmes. The fllwing implementatin actin is recmmended: T_OP1: Regarding AFIS implementatin in cmpliance with the prpsed mdel, the main implementatin actin identified is the pssible requirement fr training f grund vehicle peratrs relating t: Cmmunicatin with AFIS unit; and Cmmunicatin prcedures. It is advised that upn deplyment f AFIS units at aerdrmes nt previusly prviding such service, training is prvided t these actrs. In additin, it wuld als be recmmended t include a reference in the Czech legislatin regarding the maintenance persnnel in charge f the AFIS equipment and the required airprt equipment (described in Sectin 4.6 Airprts Equipment Requirements). DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 22/70

23 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study 4.3 METEO Requirements The supply f METEO infrmatin and METEO equipment in uncntrlled aerdrmes where IFR prcedures are t be intrduced must be in line with the relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Flight Infrmatin Service: Implementatin f AFIS units at uncntrlled aerdrmes; Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes; Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace) Infrmatin Requirements Accrding t [R33] ICAO Circular AN / 128 Aerdrme Flight Infrmatin Service (AFIS), the basic elements f infrmatin t be prvided t aircraft by an AFIS unit shuld include, as apprpriate, meterlgical infrmatin fr aircraft abut t take ff r t land, including SIGMET infrmatin. Such infrmatin shuld, t the extent pssible, be the same as that prvided t aerdrme traffic by aerdrme cntrl twers, i.e.: The current surface wind directin and speed, including significant variatins; The QNH altimeter setting and, either n a regular basis in accrdance with lcal arrangements r If s requested by the aircraft, the QFE altimeter setting; The air temperature fr the runway t be used, in the case f take-ff by turbine-engined aircraft; The current visibility representative f the directin f take-ff and initial climb, r in the apprach and landing area, if less than 10km r, when available t the AFIS fficer, the current runway visual range fr the runway t be used; Significant meterlgical cnditins in the take-ff and climb-ut area, r in the apprach and landing area, This includes the ccurrence r expected ccurrence f cumulnimbus r thunderstrm, mderate r severe turbulence, wind shear, hail, mderate r severe icing, severe line squall, freezing rain, marked muntain waves, sand strm, dust strm, blwing snw, trnad r watersput; The present weather and the amunt and height f base f lw clud, in the case f aircraft making an apprach in Instrument meterlgical cnditins. On the ther hand, [R37] EUROCONTROL Manual fr Aerdrme Flight Infrmatin Service (AFIS), Appendix B, specifies the fllwing AFIS requirements fr infrmatin: 1. Meterlgical Infrmatin 1.1 General AFIS units shall be supplied with up-t-date infrmatin n existing and frecast meterlgical cnditins as necessary fr the perfrmance f their respective functins. The infrmatin shall be supplied in such a frm as t require a minimum f interpretatin n the part f AFIS persnnel and with a frequency which satisfies the requirements f the AFIS units cncerned AFIS units shuld be supplied with available detailed infrmatin n the lcatin, vertical extent, directin and rate f mvement f meterlgical phenmena in the vicinity f the aerdrme, and particularly in the climb-ut and apprach areas, which culd be hazardus t aircraft peratins. 1.2 AFIS units AFIS units shall be supplied with meterlgical infrmatin listed in belw fr the aerdrme with which they are cncerned. Special reprts and amendments t frecasts shall be cmmunicated t the AFIS units as sn as they are necessary in accrdance with established criteria, withut waiting fr the next rutine reprt r frecast The fllwing meterlgical infrmatin shall be supplied, as necessary, t an AFIS unit by its assciated meterlgical ffice: a) lcal rutine and special reprts, METAR and SPECI, TAF and trend frecasts and amendments theret, fr the aerdrme cncerned; b) SIGMET and AIRMET infrmatin, wind shear warnings and alerts and aerdrme warnings; c) any additinal meterlgical infrmatin agreed upn lcally, such as frecasts f surface wind fr the determinatin f pssible runway changes. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 23/70

24 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study AFIS units shall be prvided with current pressure data fr setting altimeters fr the aerdrme cncerned. Fr RNP APCH t LNAV/VNAV minima, the theretical vertical descent prfile is defined by a gemetrical path with fixed flight path angle. The vertical path angle is cmputed between 50ft abve the runway threshld and a final capture pint which crrespnds t the lcatin f the FAF assciated with the NPA RNP APCH. The final path starts when the aircraft intersects the vertical final guidance. But this pint f intersectin is very clse t FAF f NPA RNP APCH. Given that the vertical path is based n barmetric inputs, it is very imprtant that the crrect lcal pressure setting (QNH) is entered int the system (this shuld be transmitted using AFIS). The final descent is als influenced by temperature: temperature limits are published n the chart. Accrding t [R33] ICAO Circular AN / 128 Aerdrme Flight Infrmatin Service (AFIS), an AFIS unit shuld be cnnected with the assciated flight infrmatin centre (FIC) r area cntrl centre (ACC) and, as apprpriate, with the meterlgical ffice serving the aerdrme Equipment Requirements [R37] EUROCONTROL Manual fr Aerdrme Flight Infrmatin Service (AFIS), Appendix B, specifies the fllwing AFIS requirements fr infrmatin: AFIS units shall be equipped with surface wind display(s). The display(s) shall be related t the same lcatin(s) f bservatin and be fed frm the same sensr(s) as the crrespnding display(s) in the meterlgical statin, where such a statin exists. Where multiple sensr(s) are used, the displays t which they are related shall be clearly marked t identify the runway and sectin f the runway mnitred by each sensr AFIS units at aerdrmes where runway visual range values are measured by instrumental means shall be equipped with display(s) permitting read-ut f the current runway visual range value(s). The display(s) shall be related t the same lcatin(s) f bservatin and be fed frm the same sensr(s) as the crrespnding display(s) in the meterlgical statin, where such a statin exists AFIS units at aerdrmes where the height f clud base is assessed by instrumental means shuld be equipped with display(s) permitting read-ut f the current value(s) f the height f clud base. The displays shuld be related t the same lcatin(s) f bservatins and be fed frm the same sensr(s) as the crrespnding display(s) in the meterlgical statin, where such a statin exists AFIS units shall be supplied with infrmatin n wind shear, when available, which culd adversely affect aircraft n the apprach r take-ff paths r during circling apprach and aircraft n the runway during the landing rll r take-ff run Gap Analysis Current situatin Accrding t [R04] Aviatin Regulatin L11 - Air Traffic Services, Appendix N: 3.5 Requirements fr meterlgical equipment AFIS statin must be equipped with: a) Suitable device fr measuring and displaying directin and speed f grund wind; b) Suitable device fr measuring and displaying data abut actual QNH in hectpascals; c) Suitable device fr measuring utside temperature at aerdrme; d) Table (scheme) fr determining visibility Meterlgical devices listed in a) and b) must meet the fllwing criteria: a) Their parameters must meet criteria listed in varius sectins f [R02] Aviatin Regulatin L3; b) They must have a valid calibratin; c) The device must be installed and perated accrding t the relevant requirements f Regulatin [R02] Aviatin Regulatin L3 and 17 f [R65] Act N 49/1997 Cll. n civil aviatin, amended; d) The device must be apprved fr use in civil aviatin accrding t 16 f [R65] Act N 49/1997 Cll. n civil aviatin, amended. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 24/70

25 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Accrding t [R06] Aviatin Regulatin L Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Air Traffic Management: 6.6 Infrmatin t arriving aircraft Nte 1: Abve mentined meterlgical infrmatin are similar t thse required fr ATIS radi bradcast t arriving aircraft in accrdance with [R04] Aviatin Regulatin L11, prvisin l) t t), and are taken frm lcal regular and exceptinal meterlgical reprts, in accrdance with Chapter 11, prvisin f [R06] Aviatin Regulatin L4444. Nte 2: T aircraft arriving accrding t IFR rules t aerdrme with AFIS services, must be given meterlgical infrmatin minimally t extent f prvisin f Appendix N f [R04] Aviatin Regulatin L11. Additinal infrmatin (fr example t extent f prvisin 6.6 f [R06] Aviatin Regulatin L4444) may be given t arriving traffic, if this infrmatin is available t AFIS r ATC statin, prviding services in accrdance with prvisin 4.5.6, Appendix N f [R04] Aviatin Regulatin L11. Finally, regarding the cnnectin with the meterlgical ffice serving the aerdrme mentined in [R33] ICAO Circular AN / 128 Aerdrme Flight Infrmatin Service (AFIS) states the fllwing: If there is anther ATS statin, firefighting unit and/r meterlgical statin at aerdrme, the AFIS statin must have a direct telephne cnnectin with them Implementatin Actins The supply f METEO infrmatin and METEO equipment in uncntrlled aerdrmes where IFR prcedures are t be intrduced must be in line with the relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Flight Infrmatin Service: Implementatin f AFIS units at uncntrlled aerdrmes; Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes; Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace). Bth the requirements regarding meterlgical infrmatin and equipment t cmply with the three pints mentined abve have been cnsidered and transpsed in the Czech regulatins, accrding t present analysis perfrmed. Hence, n specific implementatin actins nr amendments in the Czech legislatin are required in this field. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 25/70

26 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study 4.4 IFR Prcedures Requirements The general requirements derived frm each f the varius RNP APCH apprach prcedures have been gathered as an intrductin t this chapter, describing bth nn-precisin 2D appraches (LNAV and LP) and APV 3D appraches (LNAV/VNAV and LPV). Traditinally, there have been tw types f Instrument Apprach Prcedure: Precisin Apprach (PA) uses fr the final apprach segment an instrument landing system (e.g. ILS, GBAS, MLS) which prvides bth lateral and vertical guidance n a gemetrically defined cntinuus descent path. Nn-Precisin Apprach (NPA) uses fr the final apprach segment, cnventinal navigatin aids (e.g. NDB, VOR, DME) r basic GNSS (e.g. GPS) and prvide nly lateral guidance alng the final apprach segment. LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, LPV and LP are different levels f apprach service and are used t distinguish the varius minima lines n the RNAV (GNSS) chart. The minima line t be used depends n the aircraft capability and apprval. LNAV Lateral Navigatin. The minima line n the chart fr RNP Appraches withut vertical guidance. LNAV/VNAV the minima line based n BARO-VNAV system perfrmances that can be used by aircraft apprved. LNAV/VNAV minima can als be used by SBAS capable aircraft. LPV Lcaliser Perfrmance with Vertical Guidance: the minima-line based n SBAS perfrmances that can be used by aircraft apprved. LP At sme airprts, it may nt be pssible t meet the requirements t publish an apprach prcedure with LPV vertical guidance. This may be due t: bstacles and terrain alng the desired final apprach path, airprt infrastructure deficiencies, r the inability f SBAS t prvide the desired availability f vertical guidance (i.e., an airprt lcated n the fringe f the SBAS service area). When this ccurs, a State may prvide an LP apprach prcedure based n the lateral perfrmance f SBAS. The LP apprach prcedure is a nn-precisin apprach prcedure with angular lateral guidance equivalent t a lcalizer apprach. As a nn-precisin apprach, an LP apprach prcedure prvides lateral navigatin guidance t a minimum descent altitude (MDA); hwever, the SBAS integratin prvides n vertical guidance. Figure 2: Apprach prcedures breakdwn classificatin RNAV appraches are described by a series f waypints, legs, altitude and speed cnstraints published and stred in the n-bard navigatin database. GNSS-based RNAV capabilities were initially used t fly NPA prcedures. These prcedures are published with a Minimum Descent Altitude/Height (MDA/H), as with any cnventinal NPA prcedure. The MDA/H is indicated in the LNAV minima line n the RNAV (GNSS) instrument apprach chart. Hence, the LNAV apprach prcedure can be cnsidered as the baseline. It is essential t bear in mind that n mdificatins t the cckpit instruments are in principle necessary t use RNP APCH n-bard. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 26/70

27 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study The imprtant distinctin between the different types f RNP APCH peratins is the prvisin f vertical guidance. RNP APCH t LNAV and LP minima include nly lateral guidance and are published with a MDA while RNP APCH prcedures with vertical guidance (APV) are published with a DA, which may be lwer than the MDA thus ptentially increasing airprt accessibility. In additin, the prvisin f vertical guidance imprves pilt situatinal awareness, thus imprving safety. Appraches with vertical guidance (APV) In additin t lateral RNAV capabilities, mdern multi-sensr RNAV systems prvide a VNAV functin which allws a vertical path t be flwn with a cnstant rate f descent based n the barmetric altimeter, r n GPS augmented SBAS psitin. Prvisin f bth lateral and vertical guidance may als be based n LPV capability f an aircraft. The RNAV prcedures using BARO-VNAV fr vertical guidance are called APV BARO-VNAV and are flwn t a Decisin Altitude/Height indicated in the LNAV/VNAV minima line n the chart. Aircraft equipped with SBAS systems can als fly prcedures designed fr APV BARO-VNAV if the State publishing the prcedure permits it. Fr RNP APCH t LNAV/VNAV minima, the theretical vertical descent prfile is defined by a gemetrical path with fixed flight path angle. The vertical path angle is cmputed between 50ft abve the runway threshld and a final capture pint which crrespnds t the lcatin f the FAF assciated with the NPA RNP APCH. The final path starts when the aircraft intersects the vertical final guidance. But this pint f intersectin is very clse t FAF f NPA RNP APCH. Given that the vertical path is based n barmetric inputs, it is very imprtant that the crrect lcal pressure setting (QNH) is entered int the system (this shuld be transmitted using AFIS). The final descent is als influenced by temperature: temperature limits are published n the chart. RNP APCH t LPV minima is based n GNSS cre cnstellatin and SBAS. The vertical guidance is angular and the final apprach segment prfile is defined in the Final Apprach Segment Data Blck (FAS DB). The vertical path angle is defined (nt cmputed) and published in degrees (mainly 3 ). RNP APCH has the ptential t prvide better minima than cnventinal Nn- Precisin Apprach. Cnsequently, better airprt accessibility can be achieved at thse airprts withut precisin apprach capability, as well as at airprts where precisin apprach aid is ut f service. Additinally, RNP APCH als brings imprved situatinal awareness fr the pilts in bth the hrizntal and vertical dmain (in the case f APV), as well as the means t perfrm a stabilised apprach, bth f which cntribute t imprve safety. Nte that all three levels f RNP APCH can be published n a single chart nly in the case where the prcedure design slutin fr LNAV des nt utilize step-dwn fixes within the final apprach segment. In this case, it is recmmended that RNP APCH (LNAV) and RNP APCH (LNAV/VNAV and/r LPV) shuld be published n separate charts. It is recmmended that, whenever pssible, all three levels f RNP APCH prcedure be implemented at the same time fr a particular runway. Regarding its implementatin, [R36] ICAO EUR RNP APCH Guidance Material (EUR Dc 025) recmmends the cnsideratin f six elements during the assessment f the need t implement RNP APCH, as stated in Figure 3. Additinal cmments are prvided belw fr a better understanding. [R48] ICAO Assembly Reslutin A Perfrmance-based navigatin glbal gals presents RNP APCH t LNAV minima as an acceptable alternative t APV in places where APV Figure 3: Factrs t cnsider fr RNP APCH implementatin implementatin is nt pssible r des nt make sense as n aircraft are suitably equipped fr APV peratins. This culd be the case fr small airprts with nly general aviatin. RNP APCH implementatin is part f the reslutin fr ICAO PBN deplyment, the main bjective f which is t imprve safety. ICAO strategic bjectives include the increase f safety, airprt accessibility and pilt situatinal awareness. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 27/70

28 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Minimum IFR Prcedures Requirements The fllwing pints are detailed in the fllwing subsectins: 1. Operatinal minima fr RNP APCH prcedures; 2. GNSS cverage and availability f the RAIM functin; 3. RNP APCH prcedure design guidelines; 4. RNP APCH prcedure publicatin guidelines Operatinal Minima fr RNP APCH Prcedures Accrding t [R36] ICAO EUR RNP APCH Guidance Material (EUR Dc 025), an RNAV(GNSS) apprach cvers three pssible types f apprach prcedure: Nn-precisin apprach Identified n by the minima line LNAV - MDA/MDH APV BARO-VNAV apprach Identified n by the minima line LNAV/VNAV - DA/DH APV SBAS apprach Identified n by the minima line LPV - DA/DH Table 6: Types f RNAV(GNSS) appraches Furthermre, accrding t [R38] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 965/2012 in its Annex VIII: Specialised Operatins (SPO), Subpart B: Operatinal Prcedures (OP), the fllwing requirements apply t peratinal minima fr RNP APCH prcedures: SPO.OP.110 Aerdrme perating minima aerplanes and helicpters Fr instrument flight rules (IFR) flights, the peratr r the pilt-in-cmmand shall specify aerdrme perating minima fr each departure, destinatin and alternate aerdrme t be used. Such minima shall: (1) nt be lwer than thse established by the State in which the aerdrme is lcated, except when specifically apprved by that State; and (2) when undertaking lw visibility peratins, be apprved by the cmpetent authrity in accrdance with Annex V (Part-SPA), Subpart E t [R38] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 965/2012. When specifying the aerdrme perating minima, the peratr r the pilt-in-cmmand shall take the fllwing int accunt: (1) the type, perfrmance and handling characteristics f the aircraft; (2) the cmpetence and experience f the flight crew and, if applicable, its cmpsitin; (3) the dimensins and characteristics f the runways and final apprach and take-ff areas (FATOs) that may be selected fr use; (4) the adequacy and perfrmance f the available visual and nn-visual grund aids; (5) the equipment available n the aircraft fr the purpse f navigatin and/r cntrl f the flight path, during the take-ff, the apprach, the flare, the landing, the rllut and the missed apprach; (6) the bstacles in the apprach, the missed apprach and the climb-ut areas required fr the executin f cntingency prcedures; (7) the bstacle clearance altitude/height fr the instrument apprach prcedures; (8) the means t determine and reprt meterlgical cnditins; and (9) the flight technique t be used during the final apprach. The minima fr a specific type f apprach and landing prcedure shall nly be used if: (1) the grund equipment required fr the intended prcedure is perative; (2) the aircraft systems required fr the type f apprach are perative; (3) the required aircraft perfrmance criteria are met; and DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 28/70

29 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study (4) the flight crew is qualified apprpriately. SPO.OP.111 Aerdrme perating minima NPA, APV, CAT I peratins The decisin height (DH) t be used fr a nn-precisin apprach (NPA) flwn with the cntinuus descent final apprach (CDFA) technique, apprach prcedure with vertical guidance (APV) r categry I (CAT I) peratin shall nt be lwer than the highest f: (1) the minimum height t which the apprach aid can be used withut the required visual reference; (2) the bstacle clearance height (OCH) fr the categry f aircraft; (3) the published apprach prcedure DH where applicable; (4) the system minimum (200ft fr LPV and 250ft fr LNAV and LNAV/VNAV); r (5) the minimum DH specified in the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) r equivalent dcument, if stated. The minimum descent height (MDH) fr an NPA peratin flwn withut the CDFA technique shall nt be lwer than the highest f: (1) the OCH fr the categry f aircraft; (2) the system minimum (200ft fr LPV and 250ft fr LNAV and LNAV/VNAV); r (3) the minimum MDH specified in the AFM, if stated GNSS Cverage and Availability f the RAIM Functin It is up t the peratr t ensure that there is GNSS cverage fr the flights he is planning. Accrding t [R36] ICAO EUR RNP APCH Guidance Material (EUR Dc 025): In rder t supprt pre-flight planning, mdels f GPS and EGNOS allw predicting the impact n the navigatin service f knwn and scheduled GNSS systems/subsystems utages. EUROCONTROL makes available a web-based service called Augur ( which prvides GPS RAIM predictins t users. It (will) als display infrmatin abut EGNOS availability t supprt LPV peratins, accrding t infrmatin prvided by the ESSP Such GPS RAIM and LPV availability predictins may als be prvided in the frm f NOTAMs. The ESSP can prvide relevant infrmatin fr EGNOS NOTAMs t interested NOTAM Offices (fr APV SBAS). The details f such a service are described and agreed with individual ANSP in the scpe the EGNOS Wrking Agreement (EWA, as mentined in sectin ). Inputs fr NOF t generate RAIM NOTAM are als available frm ther surces (e.g. the DFS). GPS RAIM NOTAM can als be generated by the EUROCONTROL Augur system RNP APCH Prcedure Design Guidelines Accrding t [R36] ICAO EUR RNP APCH Guidance Material (EUR Dc 025), the fllwing RNP APCH prcedure design guidelines shuld be fllwed: The prcedure design criteria fr RNP APCH peratins are relatively new, therefre limited expertise is available tday. Early identificatin f any issue related t prcedure design expertise wuld allw time fr training and prcurement f such knw-hw that is indispensable during next implementatin phase. Special cnsideratin shuld be given when designing an LNAV RNP APCH prcedure using step-dwn fixes. The use f the step-dwn fix is a valid design criteria permitting additinal descent within a segment by identifying a pint at which a cntrlling bstacle has been safely ver-flwn. Hwever, due t the fact that RNP APCH prcedures rely n navigatin databases and Flight Management Systems (FMS) it has been recgnized that there are sme avinics limitatin in handling cded step-dwn fixes (SDF) within the final apprach segment. It is als clear that sme State regulatrs will nt accept SDFs in the final segment cded int the navigatin database under any circumstances. In that case, the State regulatr that des nt accept SDF cding, shuld advise the navigatin data-huses thrugh an fficial letter. It is highly recmmended t publish fr each SDF bth the prcedure altitude t be maintained t the SDF (alng the prfile) and the minimum bstacle clearance altitude (MOCA) available up t the SDF (as a shaded blck). These tw values are very ften different and publishing bth is f helpful fr pilts [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II, Part III, and [R53] ICAO Annex 10 Aernautical Telecmmunicatins; Vlume I Radi DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 29/70

30 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Navigatin Aids include requirements fr RNAV training fr prcedure designers. Hwever, it is recgnised that the current ICAO material des nt prvide fr the cmplete training needs f prcedures designers. [R64] ICAO DOC 9906 Quality Assurance Manual fr Flight Prcedure Design, Vlume 2 Flight Prcedure Designer Training prvides additinal guidance fr the establishment f flight prcedure designer training. Training is the starting pint fr any quality assurance prgramme. This vlume prvides guidance fr the establishment f a training prgramme Prcedure design will be perfrmed accunting fr the categries f aircraft perating n the airprt The prcedures design criteria regarding different RNP APCH peratins can be fund in [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II The criteria fr RNP APCH prcedures t LNAV minima (nn-precisin apprach) are prvided in [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II, Part III, Sectin 3, Chapter The criteria fr RNP APCH with vertical guidance based n BARO-VNAV (APV BARO-VNAV) design are described in [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II, Part III, Sectin 3, Chapter The criteria fr RNP APCH with vertical guidance based n SBAS (APV SBAS) criteria are prvided in [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II, Part III, Sectin 3, Chapter RNP APCH prcedure apprach publicatin Accrding t [R36] ICAO EUR RNP APCH Guidance Material (EUR Dc 025), the fllwing AIS requirements apply cncerning RNP APCH apprach publicatin: Fr charting, general criteria apply as specified in [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II, Part I, Sectin 4, Chapter 9. The title f the instrument apprach chart shall be RNAV(GNSS) Rwy XX. The minima bx culd include OCA/H values fr NPA (LNAV), APV BARO-VNAV (LNAV/VNAV) and LPV minima When pssible, it is recmmended t have ne RNAV chart including all three minima lines, i.e. LNAV, LNAV/VNAV and LPV. If multiple RNAV appraches exist t the same runway, a suffix is added t each f the applicable apprach identifiers, fr example RNAV (GNSS) Y RWY 27 and RNAV (GNSS) Z RWY 27. The Z suffix nrmally represents the preferred apprach. Using a suffix is a cmmn rule nt specific t RNP APCH prcedures Prcedure designers need t ensure that the prcedures can be cded in ARINC 424 frmat. They have t be familiar with the path terminatrs used t cde RNAV systems and functinal capabilities f different RNAV systems. A clse c-peratin shuld exist between prcedure designers and the data huses that cmpile the cded data fr the navigatin database. Bth prcedure designers and data huses belng t the ANSP family accrding t the EASA Basic Regulatin. All prcedures must be based upn WGS-84 crdinates The State AIP shuld clearly indicate that the navigatin applicatin is RNP APCH. The navigatin data published in the State AIP fr the prcedures and supprting navigatin aids must meet the charting requirements f [R51] ICAO Annex 4 Aernautical Charts, Chapter 11, paragraph and [R56] ICAO Annex 15 Aernautical Infrmatin Services (as apprpriate) A cding table r a frmal textual descriptin shuld be published n the back f the chart prviding the crdinates f all the waypints (and Fixes) used in the prcedure. If it is nt pssible t put this infrmatin n the back f the chart a separate, prperly referenced sheet can be used In the case f LPV, the data required t cde the prcedure includes a FAS Data Blck, which cntains an eight character hexadecimal representatin f the calculated remainder bits called the CRC remainder. The CRC remainder is used t determine the integrity f the FAS data during transmissin and strage and it is cmputed electrnically using a FAS data blck sftware tl. The cntent f the FAS Data Blck shuld be published n the vers f the chart in rder t ensure that the prcedure is crrectly cded in the navigatin database A FAS DB tl is made available by EUROCONTROL ( This tl allws the calculatin f the CRC value fr a FAS DB, generates an electrnic versin f the FAS DB DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 30/70

31 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study and cnverts electrnic FAS DB int a textual frm. Generally, FAS DB tls als generate a Data Blck representatin as a hexadecimal string. It is recmmended that the textual descriptin nly, tgether with the CRC remainder value shuld be made available n the vers f the chart Experience gained by certain States thrugh recent implementatin prjects highlights the imprtance f gd prject management allwing a reasnable amunt f time fr unexpected events, especially thse related t prcedure cding. Fr example, fur mnths were actually needed fr a prcedure t becme available in the navigatin database, instead f the planned tw mnths and a half Anther detail cncerning the publicatin f LPV prcedures is that a unique SBAS channel number is needed fr every published apprach. ICAO will implement a glbal system f SBAS Channel assignments. Currently, as agreed with ICAO and FAA, EUROCONTROL is the fcal pint in Eurpe fr SBAS channel allcatin. The Prcedure designer is expected t request the apprpriate rganisatin fr a channel number. The SBAS channel number is a five digit number that must be reginally unique and shall be in the range f 40,000 t 99,999. Channel number assignments are required fr LPV and LP prcedures and shall be prmulgated n the SBAS LPV and LP apprach charts respectively. It shuld be nted that SBAS LP minima will nt be published at the same lcatin as SBAS LPV minima. LP prcedures will nly be published at lcatins where LPV is nt pssible The infrmatin regarding the establishment f new RNP APCH prcedure(s) shall be prvided in accrdance with the AIRAC system. It is recmmended that new RNP APCH prcedures shuld be cnsidered by States AIS as majr changes in respect f circumstances listed in Appendix 4, Part 3 f [R56] ICAO Annex 15 Aernautical Infrmatin Services (guidance n what cnstitutes a majr change is included in [R59] ICAO DOC 8126 Aernautical Infrmatin Services Manual). Therefre, it is recmmended that new RNP APCH infrmatin shuld be distributed by the AIS unit at least 56 days in advance f the planned effective date Gap Analysis A review f the regulatins used in the Czech Republic in terms f IFR prcedures requirements has been undertaken in rder t analyse the existing gap with the Eurpean regulatins in this field. This gap analysis has been cnducted fr each f the fur areas (peratinal minima, GNSS cverage, RNP APCH design guidelines and publicatins) analysed in the previus sectin. The main applicable regulatins cnsidered fr this analysis have been [R46] Aviatin Regulatin L10/I and [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II. Regarding the peratinal minima fr RNP APCH prcedures, [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II in its Part I Sectin 4, presents the fllwing statements regarding the Obstacle Clearance Altitude/Height (OCA/H) fr NPAs and APVs: Precisin apprach prcedures/apprach prcedures with vertical guidance (APV) a) OCA/H. In a precisin apprach prcedure (r APV), the OCA/H is defined as the lwest altitude/height at which a missed apprach must be initiated t ensure cmpliance with the apprpriate bstacle clearance design criteria. b) Reference datum. The OCA is referenced t mean sea level (MSL). The OCH is referenced t the elevatin f the relevant runway threshld Nn-precisin apprach prcedure (NPA) a) OCA/H. In a nn-precisin apprach prcedure, the OCA/H is defined as the lwest altitude r alternatively the lwest height belw which the aircraft cannt descend withut infringing the apprpriate bstacle clearance criteria. b) Reference datum. The OCA is referenced t mean sea level (MSL). The OCH is referenced t: 1) aerdrme elevatin; r 2) runway threshld elevatin when the threshld elevatin is mre than 2m (7ft) belw the aerdrme elevatin. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 31/70

32 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Aligned straight-in apprach The OCA/H fr a straight-in, nn-precisin apprach where the angle between the track and the extended runway centre line des nt exceed 5 degrees shall prvide the fllwing minimum bstacle clearance (MOC) ver the bstacles in the final apprach area: a) 75m (246ft) with FAF; and b) 90m (295ft) withut FAF. In terms f aerdrme perating minima, the OCA/H is ne f the factrs taken int accunt in establishing perating minima fr an aerdrme in accrdance with [R52] ICAO Annex 6 Operatin f Aircraft. Furthermre, [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II, Part III Sectin 3 details dedicated OCA/H and OAS calculatin methds fr all types f appraches (BARO-VNAV, SBAS NPAs, APVs and PAs CAT I) fr the varius apprach segments. In additin, in terms f prmulgatin there is a reference t the minima bx, which is a table f OCA/H values fr each aircraft categry that may be prmulgated fr SBAS peratins at the particular aerdrme. All APV and CAT I SBAS OCA/H s are prmulgated as LPV lines f minima. All NPA OCA/Hs shall be prmulgated as LP (lcalizer perfrmance) lines f minima. LPV and LP lines f minima shall nt be published n the same chart. In cnclusin, the requirements and specificatins in the Czech legislatin regarding apprach peratinal minima are highly exhaustive and detailed. Hwever, the Czech legislatin lacks detail in terms f aerdrme peratinal minima, which culd be adapted frm Eurpean legislatin described in sectin Regarding the GNSS cverage and availability f the RAIM functin, [R46] Aviatin Regulatin L10/I includes tw tables with varius GNSS specificatins per type f peratin. The first table presents the requirements fr nn-precisin appraches (NPA) and appraches with vertical guidance (APV) in terms f accuracy (hrizntal and vertical), integrity, time-t-alert, cntinuity and availability f service. Table 7: GNSS signal perfrmance requirements fr NPAs and APV Furthermre, the table belw shws the hrizntal and vertical alert limits (in kilmetres and nautical miles) t be cnsidered fr the NPA and APV appraches. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 32/70

33 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Table 8: GNSS signal perfrmance requirements (hrizntal and vertical alert limits) fr NPAs and APV Even thugh GNSS perfrmance requirements are prvided, the Czech legislatin is lacking infrmatin cncerning the RAIM functin and GNSS NOTAMs. Regarding the RNP APCH prcedure design guidelines, [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II is the main regulatin within aviatin regulatins applicable in Czech Republic, tgether with [R46] Aviatin Regulatin L10/I. The main criteria fr prcedures design fr the different RNP APCH peratins are included in [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II, which are categrised by apprach type: LNAV minima (nn-precisin apprach) design guidelines are prvided in its Vlume II, Part III, Sectin 3, Chapter 3. Vertical guidance appraches based n BARO-VNAV (APV BARO-VNAV) design guidelines are described in the fllwing chapter (Chapter 4). Finally, design guidelines fr appraches with vertical guidance based n SBAS (APV SBAS) are prvided in Chapter 5 f the same sectin f [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II. Regarding the RNP APCH prcedure publicatin guidelines, legislatin requirements are integrated in [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II. In its Part I, Sectin 4: Arrival and apprach prcedures has a dedicated chapter fr the tpic f charting and AIP, including the prcedures t name the arrival and apprach charts that illustrate the RNP APCH prcedures. Furthermre, [R61] ICAO DOC 8168 Prcedures fr Air Navigatin Services Aircraft Operatins, Vlume II, Part III PBN has a dedicated sectin (Sectin 5) addressing the publicatin f PBN prcedures, specifying publicatin details fr LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, LP and LPV appraches. This sectin als includes the aernautical database publicatin requirements and the derivatin f the SBAS bstacle assessment surfaces (OAS) Implementatin Actins After cnducting the gap analysis in the previus sectin, the fllwing implementatin actin can be derived: IFR_PROC1: Specific infrmatin abut GNSS NOTAMs and the requirements n RAIM functin availability culd be integrated in Aviatin Regulatin [R46] Aviatin Regulatin L10/I as an amendment. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 33/70

34 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study 4.5 Flight Crew and Aircraft Equipment Requirements Present sectin aims t detail any required flight crew training and aircraft equipment fr the intrductin f IFR prcedures n uncntrlled aerdrmes in the Czech Republic, especially in terms f safety and peratinal issues. The cmpetences f flight crew and aircraft equipment f flights perating within the airspace f the cncerned aerdrmes must be in line with the relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes; Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs. As baseline, the same requirements fr IFR peratins already applicable in the cuntry shuld be extended t new aerdrmes peratin IFR prcedures, unless the use f new technlgy is cnsidered Flight Crew: Minimum Requirements Cncerning the airspace re-rganizatin prpsal fr the present implementatin (declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes), the licensing requirements established by [R50] ICAO Annex 1 Persnnel Licensing fr flight crew perating under IFR are cmpliant with raditelephny requirements fr RMZ znes (cmmunicatin prcedures and phraselgy as applied t aircraft peratins under IFR and actin t be taken in case f cmmunicatin failure). On the ther hand, a training syllabus fr flight crew cncerning the implementatin f RNP APCH prcedures is prvided in [R40] EASA AMC and [R41] EASA AMC 20-28: [R40] EASA AMC Airwrthiness Apprval and Operatinal Criteria fr RNP APPROACH Operatins including APV BARO-VNAV Operatins prvides an acceptable mean that can be used t btain airwrthiness apprval f an RNAV system based n a GNSS standalne receiver r multisensry system including at least ne GNSS sensr in rder t cnduct RNP APCH peratins. [R41] EASA AMC Airwrthiness Apprval and Operatinal Criteria related t RNAV fr GNSS apprach peratin t LPV minima using SBAS prvides an acceptable mean that can be used t btain airwrthiness apprval f an RNAV system based n a GNSS standalne receiver r multisensry system including at least ne GNSS sensr in rder t cnduct RNP APCH peratins. Fr RNP APPROACH (RNP APCH) Operatins Including APV BARO-VNAV Operatins - [R40] EASA AMC Each pilt shuld receive apprpriate training, briefings and guidance material in rder t safely cnduct RNP APCH peratins withut r with vertical guidance (APV BARO-VNAV). This material and training shuld cver bth nrmal and abnrmal prcedures. Standard training and checking, such as recurrent aerplane/std training and prficiency checks, shuld include RNP APCH prcedures. Based n this, the peratr shuld determine what cnstitutes a qualified crew. The peratr shuld ensure that during line peratins each pilt can perfrm assigned duties reliably and expeditiusly fr each prcedure t be flwn in: a. nrmal peratins; and b. abnrmal peratins. The peratr shuld ensure that altimeter settings prcedures and cld temperature limitatins during APV BARO VNAV peratin are respected. a) Altimeter setting Flight Crews shuld take precautins t switch altimeter settings at apprpriate times r lcatins and request a current altimeter setting if the reprted setting is nt recent, particularly at times when pressure is reprted r is expected t be rapidly decreasing. Remte (reginal) altimeter settings are nt allwed. Nte: The peratinal crsscheck between altimeter read ut and charted altitude values at FAF r ther prfile fixes des nt prtect against altimeter setting errrs. b) Cld Temperature When cld weather temperatures exist, the pilt shuld check the chart fr the instrument apprach prcedure t determine the limiting temperature fr the use f BARO VNAV capability. If the airbrne system cntains a temperature cmpensatin capability, manufacturer instructins shuld be fllwed fr use f the DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 34/70

35 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study BARO VNAV functin, and the peratinal use f the temperature cmpensatin functin must be authrised by the Air Navigatin Service Prvider. A training prgramme shuld be structured t prvide sufficient theretical and practical training. The flight crew training prgramme shuld be structured t prvide sufficient theretical and practical training, using a simulatr, training device, r line training in an aircraft, in the cncept f RNP APCH peratins withut r with vertical guidance (APV BARO VNAV) and the use f the aircraft s RNAV system in such peratins t ensure that pilts are nt just task riented. Fr RNP APPROACH (RNP APCH) Operatin t LPV minima using SBAS - [R41] EASA AMC The Flight Crew shuld receive apprpriate training, briefings and guidance material in rder t safely cnduct an LPV apprach. This material and training shuld cver bth nrmal and abnrmal prcedures. Standard training and checking shuld include LPV apprach prcedures. Based n this, the peratr shuld determine what cnstitutes a qualified crew. The peratr shuld ensure that during line peratins Flight Crew can perfrm assigned duties reliably and expeditiusly fr each prcedure t be flwn in: a. nrmal peratins; and b. abnrmal peratins. A training prgram shuld be structured t prvide sufficient theretical and practical training. The Flight Crew training prgram shuld be structured t prvide sufficient theretical and practical training, using a simulatr, training device, r line training in an aircraft, in the cncept f RNAV GNSS apprach peratins t LPV minima and the use f the aircraft s apprach system in such peratins t ensure that Flight Crew are nt just task riented Flight Crew: Gap Analysis Regarding flight crew training in the scpe f RNP APCH prcedures, [R47] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) 2016/539 amending [R39] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 1178/2011 as regards pilt training, testing and peridic checking fr perfrmance-based navigatin states the fllwing: (1) Article 4a Perfrmance-based navigatin instrument rating privileges 1. Pilts may nly fly in accrdance with perfrmance-based navigatin ( PBN ) prcedures after they have been granted PBN privileges as an endrsement t their instrument rating ( IR ). 2. A pilt shall be granted PBN privileges where he r she fulfils all f the fllwing requirements: a. the pilt has successfully cmpleted a curse f theretical knwledge including PBN, in accrdance with FCL.615 f Annex I (Part-FCL); b. the pilt has successfully cmpleted flying training including PBN, in accrdance with FCL.615 f Annex I (Part-FCL); c. the pilt has successfully cmpleted either a skill test in accrdance with Appendix 7 t Annex I (Part-FCL) r a skill test r a prficiency check in accrdance with Appendix 9 f Annex I (Part- FCL). 3. The requirements f paragraph 2(a) and (b) shall be deemed t have been fulfilled where the cmpetent authrity cnsiders that the cmpetence acquired, either thrugh training r frm familiarity with PBN peratins, is equivalent t the cmpetence acquired thrugh the curses referred t in paragraph 2(a) and (b) and the pilt demnstrates such cmpetence t the satisfactin f the examiner at the prficiency check r skill test referred t in paragraph 2(c). 4. A recrd f the successful demnstratin f cmpetency in PBN shall, upn cmpletin f the skill test r the prficiency check referred t in paragraph 2(c), be entered in the pilt's lgbk r equivalent recrd and signed by the examiner wh cnducted the test r check. 5. IR pilts withut PBN privileges may nly fly n rutes and appraches that d nt require PBN privileges and n PBN items shall be required fr the renewal f their IR, until 25 August 2020; after that date, PBN privileges shall be required fr every IR. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 35/70

36 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study [R47] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) 2016/539 amending [R39] als states fllwing: (2) in Article 10a, the fllwing paragraph 5 is added: 5. Pilt training rganisatins shall ensure that the IR training curse they ffer include training fr PBN privileges cmpliant with the requirements f Annex I (Part-FCL) by 25 August 2020 at the latest. Pints (1) and (2) f the regulatin [R47] shall apply frm 25 August Flight Crew: Implementatin Actins The cmpetences f flight crew f flights perating within the airspace f the cncerned aerdrmes must be in line with the relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes; Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace). Cncerning the first pint abve, it is cncluded frm the present analysis that n further training t the flight crew r amendment t current legislatin is necessary in the scpe f the prpsed declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes cncerned. Cncerning the secnd pint: FC1: [R47] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) 2016/539 amending [R39] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 1178/2011 as regards pilt training, testing and peridic checking fr perfrmance-based navigatin indicates that after 2020 all pilts licensed fr perating under IFR shall have the necessary training t cnduct RNP APCH prcedures. As such, after 2020 it is assumed that n additinal flight crew requirements will be necessary t apprach uncntrlled aerdrmes which aim t implement the referred prcedures ther than the standard IFR flight training. Befre this perid f time, it is advised as an implementatin actin in the scpe f the present assignment that an annex t Czech regulatin is published cncerning aircrew licensing specifying the required training and licensing f aircrew wishing t fly t aerdrmes cncerned. In additin, publishing the referred changes thrugh AIC and AIP is recmmended in rder t prvide awareness t all flight crew entering affected airspace Aircraft Facilities: Minimum Requirements The table belw summarizes the minimum sensr needs fr the RNP APCH prcedures cncerned in the present analysis, in ICAO PANS-OPS and crrespnding PBN terminlgy. PANS-OPS Terminlgy PBN Terminlgy Chart Minima Minimum Sensr NPA RNP APCH dwn t LNAV (MDA) Basic GNSS* APV BARO-VNAV RNP APCH dwn t LNAV/VNAV (MDA) Basic GNSS + BARO- VNAV N criteria available RNP APCH dwn t LP (MDA) SBAS APV SBAS RNP APCH dwn t LPV (DA) SBAS * Basic GNSS refers t cre cnstellatin cmbined with ABAS Table 9: Minimum sensr needs fr RNP APCH prcedures Fr aircraft flying RNP APCH dwn t LNAV r LNAV/VNAV minima, the Airwrthiness r Operatinal Requirements fr aircraft equipment cmpliance are detailed in: [R40] EASA AMC Airwrthiness Apprval and Operatinal Criteria fr RNP APPROACH Operatins including APV BARO-VNAV Operatins prvides an acceptable mean that can be used t btain airwrthiness apprval f an RNAV system based n a GNSS standalne receiver r multisensry system including at least ne GNSS sensr in rder t cnduct RNP APCH peratins. Fr RNP APCH dwn LPV minima, the Airwrthiness r Operatinal Requirement are detailed in: [R41] EASA AMC Airwrthiness Apprval and Operatinal Criteria related t RNAV fr GNSS apprach peratin t LPV minima using SBAS prvides an acceptable mean that can be used t btain airwrthiness apprval f an RNAV system based n a GNSS standalne receiver r multisensry system including at least ne GNSS sensr in rder t cnduct RNP APCH peratins. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 36/70

37 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Aircraft Facilities: Gap Analysis [R38] Cmmissin Regulatin (EU) N 965/2012 f 5 Octber 2012 laying dwn technical requirements and administrative prcedures related t air peratins pursuant t Regulatin (EC) N 216/2008 f the Eurpean Parliament and f the Cuncil indicates navigatinal instruments and assciated equipment fr standard peratins under IFR: NCC.IDE.A.125 Operatins under IFR flight and navigatinal instruments and assciated equipment Aircraft perated under IFR shall be equipped with: a) a means f measuring and displaying the fllwing: (1) magnetic heading; (2) time in hurs, minutes and secnds; (3) pressure altitude; (4) indicated airspeed; (5) vertical speed; (6) turn and slip; (7) attitude; (8) stabilised heading; (9) utside air temperature; (10) Mach number whenever speed limitatin are expressed in terms f Mach number; b) a means f indicating when the supply f pwer t the gyrscpic instruments is nt adequate; c) whenever tw pilts are required fr the peratin, an additinal separate means f displaying fr the secnd pilt: (1) pressure altitude; (2) indicated airspeed; (3) vertical speed; (4) turn and slip; (5) attitude; (6) stabilised heading; (7) Mach number whenever speed limitatin are expressed in terms f Mach number; d) a means f preventing malfunctin f the airspeed indicating systems required in a)(4) and c)(2) due t cndensatin r icing; e) an alternate surce f static pressure; f) a chart hlder in an easily readable psitin that can be illuminated fr night peratins; g) a secnd independent means f measuring and displaying altitude; and h) an emergency pwer supply, independent f the main electrical generating system, fr the purpse f perating and illuminating an attitude indicating system fr a minimum perid f 30 minutes. The emergency pwer supply shall be autmatically perative after the ttal failure f the main electrical generating system and clear indicatin shall be given n the instrument that the attitude indicatr is being perated by emergency pwer. In the regulatin described abve there are n references t aircraft equipment, navigatin capabilities, airwrthiness and peratinal apprval fr cmmn IFR flights cinciding with thse described fr RNP APCH peratins are described in the previus sectin Aircraft Facilities: Implementatin Actins The cmpetences f flight crew and aircraft equipment f flights perating within the airspace f the cncerned aerdrmes must be in line with the relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes; Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace). Cncerning the first pint abve, it is cncluded frm the present analysis that n upgrades in aircraft facilities nr amendment t current legislatin are necessary in the scpe f the prpsed declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes cncerned. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 37/70

38 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Cncerning the implementatin f IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs: AC1: aircraft equipment, navigatin capabilities, airwrthiness and peratinal apprval fr aircraft entering the airspace affected by the present assignment shall be cmpliant t [R40] EASA AMC Airwrthiness Apprval and Operatinal Criteria fr RNP APPROACH Operatins including APV BARO-VNAV Operatins and [R41] EASA AMC Airwrthiness Apprval and Operatinal Criteria related t RNAV fr GNSS apprach peratin t LPV minima using SBAS. As these specificatins differ frm general specificatin fr standard IFR flight peratins, it is advised that such appraches are dully published in the crrespnding infrmatin channels. N amendments t the legislatin are prpsed as it is assumed that Czech regulatin is cmpliant t the EU implementing rules crrespnding t the referred AMCs. In shrt, the fllwing implementatin actin is recmmended in line with [R36] ICAO EUR RNP APCH Guidance Material (EUR Dc 025): States are recmmended t use AIC and AIP t prvide infrmatin t users regarding the GNSS and SBAS. Bth type f avinics i.e. basic GNSS and augmented GNSS (SBAS) supprt all phases f flight frm departure thrugh RNP apprach. GNSS-related elements prviding the navigatin service fr en-rute purpses shall be published in the State AIP ENR 4 sectin. When the same aid i.e. Basic GNSS and/r SBAS is used fr bth enrute and aerdrme purpses, a descriptin must als be given in AIP AD 2 and/r (if apprpriate) AD 3 sectins. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 38/70

39 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study 4.6 Airprts Equipment Requirements The present sectin details the analysis cncerning aerdrme equipment requirements fr the prpsed apprach fr intrductin f IFR prcedures in uncntrlled aerdrmes. The equipment f the affected aerdrmes must be in line with the relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Flight Infrmatin Service: Implementatin f AFIS units at uncntrlled aerdrmes; Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace). The present sub-sectin fcuses n requirements cncerning the implementatin f IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs, f key imprtance fr the current ratinale Minimum Requirements Runway Requirements A Nn-Precisin Apprach (NPA) runway enables bth NPAs and APVs with GNSS/SBAS, accrding t ICAO Apprach categrisatin. The new apprach classificatin as intrduced by Amendment 11-B t ICAO Annex 14, and cmmunicated by ICAO in [R49] ICAO State Letter AN 4/ /20 - Adptin f Amendment 11 t Annex 14, Vlume I, is illustrated in Figure 4. The applicability date f Amendment 11-B was 13 Nvember Figure 4: ICAO Apprach categrisatin In case LPV CAT I appraches (CAT I Type B) are envisaged, a Precisin Apprach RWY wuld be required. Requirements fr different RWYs are detailed in [R55] ICAO Annex 14 Aerdrmes; Vlume I Aerdrme Design and Operatins. The fllwing sub-sectins highlight key runway requirements fr nn-precisin apprach runways (fcusing n differences between these and precisin apprach RWYs), as defined by [R55] ICAO Annex 14 Aerdrmes; Vlume I Aerdrme Design and Operatins (Seventh Editin, July 2016). The fllwing list in nn-exhaustive. Numbering f paragraphs in the fllwing subsectins are the same as the numbering indicated in [R55] ICAO Annex 14 Aerdrmes; Vlume I Aerdrme Design and Operatins Runway designatin markings Lcatin A runway designatin marking shall be lcated at a threshld as shwn in Figure 5 as apprpriate. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 39/70

40 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Figure 5: Runway designatin markings ([R55] ICAO Annex 14 Aerdrmes; Vlume I Aerdrme Design and Operatins) Runway centre line marking Characteristics A runway centre line marking shall cnsist f a line f unifrmly spaced stripes and gaps. The length f a stripe plus a gap shall be nt less than 50m r mre than 75m. The length f each stripe shall be at least equal t the length f the gap r 30m, whichever is greater The width f the stripes shall be nt less than: m n precisin apprach categry II and III runways; m n nn-precisin apprach runways where the cde number is 3 r 4, and precisin apprach categry I runways; and m n nn-precisin apprach runways where the cde number is 1 r 2, and n nninstrument runways Apprach lighting systems Applicatin Applicatin A. Nn-instrument runway Recmmendatin. Where physically practicable, a simple apprach lighting system as specified in t shuld be prvided t serve a nn-instrument runway where the cde number is 3 r 4 and intended fr use at night, except when the runway is used nly in cnditins f gd visibility and sufficient guidance is prvided by ther visual aids. Nte. A simple apprach lighting system can als prvide visual guidance by day. B. Nn-precisin apprach runway Where physically practicable, a simple apprach lighting system shall be prvided t serve a nn-precisin apprach runway, except when the runway is used nly in cnditins f gd visibility r sufficient guidance is prvided by ther visual aids. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 40/70

41 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Nte. It is advisable t give cnsideratin t the installatin f a precisin apprach categry I lighting system r t the additin f a runway lead-in lighting system. C. Precisin apprach runway categry I Where physically practicable, a precisin apprach categry I lighting system shall be prvided t serve a precisin apprach runway categry I. Simple apprach lighting system Lcatin A simple apprach lighting system shall cnsist f a rw f lights n the extended centre line f the runway extending, whenever pssible, ver a distance f nt less than 420m frm the threshld with a rw f lights frming a crssbar 18m r 30m in length at a distance f 300m frm the threshld The lights frming the crssbar shall be as nearly as practicable in a hrizntal straight line at right angles t, and bisected by, the line f the centre line lights. The lights f the crssbar shall be spaced s as t prduce a linear effect, except that, when a crssbar f 30m is used, gaps may be left n each side f the centre line. These gaps shall be kept t a minimum t meet lcal requirements and each shall nt exceed 6m. Nte 1. Spacings fr the crssbar lights between 1m and 4m are in use. Gaps n each side f the centre line may imprve directinal guidance when appraches are made with a lateral errr, and facilitate the mvement f rescue and fire fighting vehicles. Nte 2. See [R55] ICAO Annex 14 Aerdrmes; Vlume I Aerdrme Design and Operatins, Attachment A, Sectin 12, fr guidance n installatin tlerances The lights frming the centre line shall be placed at lngitudinal intervals f 60m, except that, when it is desired t imprve the guidance, an interval f 30m may be used. The innermst light shall be lcated either 60m r 30m frm the threshld, depending n the lngitudinal interval selected fr the centre line lights Recmmendatin. If it is nt physically pssible t prvide a centre line extending fr a distance f 420m frm the threshld, it shuld be extended t 300m s as t include the crssbar. If this is nt pssible, the centre line lights shuld be extended as far as practicable, and each centre line light shuld then cnsist f a barrette at least 3m in length. Subject t the apprach system having a crssbar at 300m frm the threshld, an additinal crssbar may be prvided at 150m frm the threshld The system shall lie as nearly as practicable in the hrizntal plane passing thrugh the threshld, prvided that: a) n bject ther than an ILS r MLS azimuth antenna shall prtrude thrugh the plane f the apprach lights within a distance f 60m frm the centre line f the system; and b) n light ther than a light lcated within the central part f a crssbar r a centre line barrette (nt their extremities) shall be screened frm an appraching aircraft. Any ILS r MLS azimuth antenna prtruding thrugh the plane f the lights shall be treated as an bstacle and marked and lighted accrdingly. Characteristics The lights f a simple apprach lighting system shall be fixed lights and the clur f the lights shall be such as t ensure that the system is readily distinguishable frm ther aernautical grund lights, and frm extraneus lighting if present. Each centre line light shall cnsist f either: a) a single surce; r b) a barrette at least 3m in length. Nte 1. When the barrette as in b) is cmpsed f lights apprximating t pint surces, a spacing f 1.5m between adjacent lights in the barrette has been fund satisfactry. Nte 2. It may be advisable t use barrettes 4m in length if it is anticipated that the simple apprach lighting system will be develped int a precisin apprach lighting system. Nte 3. At lcatins where identificatin f the simple apprach lighting system is difficult at night due t surrunding lights, sequence flashing lights installed in the uter prtin f the system may reslve this prblem. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 41/70

42 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Recmmendatin. Where prvided fr a nn-instrument runway, the lights shuld shw at all angles in azimuth necessary t a pilt n base leg and final apprach. The intensity f the lights shuld be adequate fr all cnditins f visibility and ambient light fr which the system has been prvided Recmmendatin. Where prvided fr a nn-precisin apprach runway, the lights shuld shw at all angles in azimuth necessary t the pilt f an aircraft which n final apprach des nt deviate by an abnrmal amunt frm the path defined by the nn-visual aid. The lights shuld be designed t prvide guidance during bth day and night in the mst adverse cnditins f visibility and ambient light fr which it is intended that the system shuld remain usable. Precisin apprach categry I lighting system Lcatin A precisin apprach categry I lighting system shall cnsist f a rw f lights n the extended centre line f the runway extending, wherever pssible, ver a distance f 900m frm the runway threshld with a rw f lights frming a crssbar 30m in length at a distance f 300m frm the runway threshld. Nte. The installatin f an apprach lighting system f less than 900m in length may result in peratinal limitatins n the use f the runway. See [R55] ICAO Annex 14 Aerdrmes; Vlume I Aerdrme Design and Operatins, Attachment A, Sectin The lights frming the crssbar shall be as nearly as practicable in a hrizntal straight line at right angles t, and bisected by, the line f the centre line lights. The lights f the crssbar shall be spaced s as t prduce a linear effect, except that gaps may be left n each side f the centre line. These gaps shall be kept t a minimum t meet lcal requirements and each shall nt exceed 6m. Nte 1. Spacings fr the crssbar lights between 1m and 4m are in use. Gaps n each side f the centre line may imprve directinal guidance when appraches are made with a lateral errr, and facilitate the mvement f rescue and fire fighting vehicles. Nte 2. See Attachment A, Sectin 12, fr guidance n installatin tlerances The lights frming the centre line shall be placed at lngitudinal intervals f 30m with the innermst light lcated 30m frm the threshld The system shall lie as nearly as practicable in the hrizntal plane passing thrugh the threshld, prvided that: a) n bject ther than an ILS r MLS azimuth antenna shall prtrude thrugh the plane f the apprach lights within a distance f 60m frm the centre line f the system; and b) n light ther than a light lcated within the central part f a crssbar r a centre line barrette (nt their extremities) shall be screened frm an appraching aircraft. Any ILS r MLS azimuth antenna prtruding thrugh the plane f the lights shall be treated as an bstacle and marked and lighted accrdingly. Characteristics The centre line and crssbar lights f a precisin apprach categry I lighting system shall be fixed lights shwing variable white. Each centre line light psitin shall cnsist f either: a) a single light surce in the innermst 300m f the centre line, tw light surces in the central 300m f the centre line and three light surces in the uter 300m f the centre line t prvide distance infrmatin; r b) a barrette Where the serviceability level f the apprach lights specified as a maintenance bjective in can be demnstrated, each centre line light psitin may cnsist f either: a) a single light surce; r b) a barrette The barrettes shall be at least 4m in length. When barrettes are cmpsed f lights apprximating t pint surces, the lights shall be unifrmly spaced at intervals f nt mre than 1.5m. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 42/70

43 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Recmmendatin. If the centre line cnsists f barrettes as described abve each barrette shuld be supplemented by a flashing light, except where such lighting is cnsidered unnecessary taking int accunt the characteristics f the system and the nature f the meterlgical cnditins Each flashing light as described in shall be flashed twice a secnd in sequence, beginning with the utermst light and prgressing tward the threshld t the innermst light f the system. The design f the electrical circuit shall be such that these lights can be perated independently f the ther lights f the apprach lighting system If the centre line cnsists f lights as described abve, additinal crssbars f lights t the crssbar prvided at 300 m frm the threshld shall be prvided at 150m, 450m, 600m and 750m frm the threshld. The lights frming each crssbar shall be as nearly as practicable in a hrizntal straight line at right angles t, and bisected by, the line f the centre line lights. The lights shall be spaced s as t prduce a linear effect, except that gaps may be left n each side f the centre line. These gaps shall be kept t a minimum t meet lcal requirements and each shall nt exceed 6m. Nte. See [R55] ICAO Annex 14 Aerdrmes; Vlume I Aerdrme Design and Operatins, Attachment A, Sectin 12, fr detailed cnfiguratin Where the additinal crssbars described in are incrprated in the system, the uter ends f the crssbars shall lie n tw straight lines that either are parallel t the line f the centre line lights r cnverge t meet the runway centre line 300m frm threshld The lights shall be in accrdance with the specificatins f [R55] ICAO Annex 14 Aerdrmes; Vlume I Aerdrme Design and Operatins, Appendix 2, Figure A2-1. Nte. The flight path envelpes used in the design f these lights are given in Attachment A, Figure A Runway threshld identificatin lights Applicatin Recmmendatin. Runway threshld identificatin lights shuld be installed: Lcatin a) at the threshld f a nn-precisin apprach runway when additinal threshld cnspicuity is necessary r where it is nt practicable t prvide ther apprach lighting aids; and b) where a runway threshld is permanently displaced frm the runway extremity r temprarily displaced frm the nrmal psitin and additinal threshld cnspicuity is necessary Runway threshld identificatin lights shall be lcated symmetrically abut the runway centre line, in line with the threshld and apprximately 10m utside each line f runway edge lights. Characteristics Recmmendatin. Runway threshld identificatin lights shuld be flashing white lights with a flash frequency between 60 and 120 per minute The lights shall be visible nly in the directin f apprach t the runway Runway threshld and wing bar lights Applicatin f runway threshld lights Runway threshld lights shall be prvided fr a runway equipped with runway edge lights, except n a nn-instrument r nn-precisin apprach runway where the threshld is displaced and wing bar lights are prvided. Lcatin f runway threshld lights When a threshld is at the extremity f a runway, the threshld lights shall be placed in a rw at right angles t the runway axis as near t the extremity f the runway as pssible and, in any case, nt mre than 3m utside the extremity When a threshld is displaced frm the extremity f a runway, threshld lights shall be placed in a rw at right angles t the runway axis at the displaced threshld. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 43/70

44 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Threshld lighting shall cnsist f: a) n a nn-instrument r nn-precisin apprach runway, at least six lights; b) n a precisin apprach runway categry I, at least the number f lights that wuld be required if the lights were unifrmly spaced at intervals f 3m between the rws f runway edge lights; and c) n a precisin apprach runway categry II r III, lights unifrmly spaced between the rws f runway edge lights at intervals f nt mre than 3m Recmmendatin. The lights prescribed in a) and b) shuld be either: a) equally spaced between the rws f runway edge lights; r b) symmetrically dispsed abut the runway centre line in tw grups, with the lights unifrmly spaced in each grup and with a gap between the grups equal t the gauge f the tuchdwn zne marking r lighting, where such is prvided, r therwise nt mre than half the distance between the rws f runway edge lights. Applicatin f wing bar lights Recmmendatin. Wing bar lights shuld be prvided n a precisin apprach runway when additinal cnspicuity is cnsidered desirable Wing bar lights shall be prvided n a nn-instrument r nn-precisin apprach runway where the threshld is displaced and runway threshld lights are required, but are nt prvided. Lcatin f wing bar lights Wing bar lights shall be symmetrically dispsed abut the runway centre line at the threshld in tw grups, i.e. wing bars. Each wing bar shall be frmed by at least five lights extending at least 10m utward frm, and at right angles t, the line f the runway edge lights, with the innermst light f each wing bar in the line f the runway edge lights. 8.1 Electrical pwer supply systems fr air navigatin facilities Adequate primary pwer supply shall be available at aerdrmes fr the safe functining f air navigatin facilities The design and prvisin f electrical pwer systems fr aerdrme visual and radi navigatin aids shall be such that an equipment failure will nt leave the pilt with inadequate visual and nn-visual guidance r misleading infrmatin. Nte. The design and installatin f the electrical systems need t take int cnsideratin factrs that can lead t malfunctin, such as electrmagnetic disturbances, line lsses, pwer quality, etc. Additinal guidance is given in [R62] ICAO DOC 9157 Aerdrme Design Manual, Part 5 Electrical Systems Recmmendatin. Electric pwer supply cnnectins t thse facilities fr which secndary pwer is required shuld be s arranged that the facilities are autmatically cnnected t the secndary pwer supply n failure f the primary surce f pwer Recmmendatin. The time interval between failure f the primary surce f pwer and the cmplete restratin f the services required by shuld be as shrt as practicable, except that fr visual aids assciated with nn-precisin, precisin apprach r take-ff runways the requirements f Table 10 fr maximum switch-ver times shuld apply. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 44/70

45 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Visual aids Applicatin Table 10: Maximum switch-ver time per type f apprach Fr a precisin apprach runway, a secndary pwer supply capable f meeting the requirements f Table 10 fr the apprpriate categry f precisin apprach runway shall be prvided. Electric pwer supply cnnectins t thse facilities fr which secndary pwer is required shall be s arranged that the facilities are autmatically cnnected t the secndary pwer supply n failure f the primary surce f pwer Fr a runway meant fr take-ff in runway visual range cnditins less than a value f 800m, a secndary pwer supply capable f meeting the relevant requirements f Table 10 shall be prvided Recmmendatin. At an aerdrme where the primary runway is a nn-precisin apprach runway, a secndary pwer supply capable f meeting the requirements f Table 10 shuld be prvided except that a secndary pwer supply fr visual aids need nt be prvided fr mre than ne nnprecisin apprach runway Recmmendatin. At an aerdrme where the primary runway is a nn-instrument runway, a secndary pwer supply capable f meeting the requirements f shuld be prvided, except that a secndary pwer supply fr visual aids need nt be prvided when an emergency lighting system in accrdance with the specificatin f is prvided and capable f being deplyed in 15 minutes Recmmendatin. The fllwing aerdrme facilities shuld be prvided with a secndary pwer supply capable f supplying pwer when there is a failure f the primary pwer supply: a) the signalling lamp and the minimum lighting necessary t enable air traffic services persnnel t carry ut their duties; Nte. The requirement fr minimum lighting may be met by ther than electrical means. b) all bstacle lights which, in the pinin f the apprpriate authrity, are essential t ensure the safe peratin f aircraft; c) apprach, runway and taxiway lighting as specified in t 8.1.9; d) meterlgical equipment; e) essential security lighting, if prvided in accrdance with 9.11; f) essential equipment and facilities fr the aerdrme respnding emergency agencies; g) fldlighting n a designated islated aircraft parking psitin if prvided in accrdance with ; and h) illuminatin f aprn areas ver which passengers may walk. Nte. Specificatins fr secndary pwer supply fr radi navigatin aids and grund elements f cmmunicatins systems are given in [R53] ICAO Annex 10 Aernautical Telecmmunicatins; Vlume I Radi Navigatin Aids, Chapter Recmmendatin. Requirements fr a secndary pwer supply shuld be met by either f the fllwing: independent public pwer, which is a surce f pwer supplying the aerdrme service frm a substatin ther than the nrmal substatin thrugh a transmissin line fllwing a rute different DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 45/70

46 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study frm the nrmal pwer supply rute and such that the pssibility f a simultaneus failure f the nrmal and independent public pwer supplies is extremely remte; r standby pwer unit(s), which are engine generatrs, batteries, etc., frm which electric pwer can be btained. Nte. Guidance n electrical systems is included in [R62] ICAO DOC 9157 Aerdrme Design Manual, Part 5 Electrical Systems Visual apprach slpe indicatr systems A visual apprach slpe indicatr system shall be prvided t serve the apprach t a runway whether r nt the runway is served by ther visual apprach aids r by nn-visual aids, where ne r mre f the fllwing cnditins exist: a) the runway is used by turbjet r ther aerplanes with similar apprach guidance requirements; b) the pilt f any type f aerplane may have difficulty in judging the apprach due t: (1) inadequate visual guidance such as is experienced during an apprach ver water r featureless terrain by day r in the absence f sufficient extraneus lights in the apprach area by night; r (2) misleading infrmatin such as is prduced by deceptive surrunding terrain r runway slpes; c) the presence f bjects in the apprach area may invlve serius hazard if an aerplane descends belw the nrmal apprach path, particularly if there are n nn-visual r ther visual aids t give warning f such bjects; d) physical cnditins at either end f the runway present a serius hazard in the event f an aerplane undershting r verrunning the runway; and e) terrain r prevalent meterlgical cnditins are such that the aerplane may be subjected t unusual turbulence during apprach. Nte. Guidance n the pririty f installatin f visual apprach slpe indicatr systems is cntained in Attachment A, Sectin The standard visual apprach slpe indicatr systems shall cnsist f the fllwing: a) T-VASIS and AT-VASIS cnfrming t the specificatins cntained in t inclusive; b) PAPI and APAPI systems cnfrming t the specificatins cntained in t inclusive; as shwn in Figure 6. Figure 6: Visual apprach slpe indicatr systems PAPI, T-VASIS r AT-VASIS shall be prvided where the cde number is 3 r 4 when ne r mre f the cnditins specified in exist Recmmendatin. As f 1 January 2020, the use f T-VASIS and AT-VASIS as standard visual apprach slpe indicatr systems shuld be discntinued. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 46/70

47 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study PAPI r APAPI shall be prvided where the cde number is 1 r 2 when ne r mre f the cnditins specified in exist Recmmendatin. Where a runway threshld is temprarily displaced frm the nrmal psitin and ne r mre f the cnditins specified in exist, a PAPI shuld be prvided except that where the cde number is 1 r 2 an APAPI may be prvided. Attachment A, Sectin 13. Pririty f installatin f visual apprach slpe indicatr systems 13.1 It has been fund impracticable t develp guidance material that will permit a cmpletely bjective analysis t be made f which runway n an aerdrme shuld receive first pririty fr the installatin f a visual apprach slpe indicatr system. Hwever, factrs that must be cnsidered when making such a decisin are: a) frequency f use; b) seriusness f the hazard; c) presence f ther visual and nn-visual aids; type f aerplanes using the runway; and d) frequency and type f adverse weather cnditins under which the runway will be used With respect t the seriusness f the hazard, the rder given in the applicatin specificatins fr a visual apprach slpe indicatr system, b) t e) f Chapter 5, may be used as a general guide. These may be summarized as: a) inadequate visual guidance because f: appraches ver water r featureless terrain, r absence f sufficient extraneus light in the apprach area by night; deceptive surrunding terrain; b) serius hazard in apprach; c) serius hazard if aerplanes undersht r verrun; and d) unusual turbulence The presence f ther visual r nn-visual aids is a very imprtant factr. Runways equipped with ILS r MLS wuld generally receive the lwest pririty fr a visual apprach slpe indicatr system installatin. It must be remembered, thugh, that visual apprach slpe indicatr systems are visual apprach aids in their wn right and can supplement electrnic aids. When serius hazards exist and/r a substantial number f aerplanes nt equipped fr ILS r MLS use a runway, pririty might be given t installing a visual apprach slpe indicatr n this runway Pririty shuld be given t runways used by turbjet aerplanes GNSS Infrastructure Other than runway design requirements, GNSS infrastructure must be taken in t accunt in the present assignment as RNP APCH prcedures are being analysed. Cncerning GNSS infrastructure fr RNP APCH appraches, [R36] ICAO EUR RNP APCH Guidance Material (EUR Dc 025) prvides the mst cmprehensive summary. The paragraphs belw are quted frm the referred dcument All RNP APCH peratins rely n the use f Basic GNSS and the apprpriate authrity needs t agree t the use f GNSS in their airspace APV prcedures flwn t LPV minima rely n the use f GPS augmented by SBAS. The Eurpean Gestatinary Navigatin Overlay Service (EGNOS) is the reginal SBAS. As EGNOS is a Pan-Eurpean Service used by aircraft and ANSPs and prvided by an rganisatin established in the territry f the EU Member States, it is subject t the SES Regulatins. Article 7 f Regulatin (EC) 550/2004 referred t as the service prvisin regulatin requires that prviders f air navigatin services are subject t certificatin. The cmmn requirements fr the prvisin f Air Navigatin Services are described in Regulatin (EC) 2096/2005. The applicatin fr certificatin must be made t the NSA f the Member State where the applicant has its principle place f peratin The EGNOS service is prvided by the Eurpean Satellite Services Prvider (ESSP) whse headquarters is in Tuluse, France. It is therefre the French NSA that prvided the ESSP with certificatin as an Air Navigatin Service Prvider n the 12th July The EGNOS Safety f Life (SL) service cmmissining tk place n 2 March The EGNOS SL is prvided free f direct user charges. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 47/70

48 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study After apprval as a prvider f air navigatin services the ESSP was then required t submit a Declaratin f Verificatin (DV) fr the system as required by Regulatin (EC) 552/2004, ften referred t as the Interperability Regulatin. The bjective f this declaratin, als t the French NSA, is t cnfirm cmpliance with the Essential Requirements described in this regulatin and t demnstrate cmpliance with the Standards and Recmmended Practices (SARPs) in ICAO Annex 10. The DV was submitted in July 2010 tgether with a supprting technical file With the changing rle f EASA with Regulatin (EC) 1108/2009 where their respnsibilities will be extended t cver Aerdrmes, Air Traffic Management and Air Navigatin Services it is anticipated that the cmpetent authrity fr safety versight f EGNOS will transfer frm the French NSA t EASA APV prcedures flwn t LPV minima rely n the use f EGNOS SL service. An ANSP implementing LPV is required by its State Civil Aviatin Authrity t have a wrking agreement with the EGNOS service prvider. (Fr the EU States EC Regulatin N 550/2004 Article 10 is applicable) In case implementatin f RNP APCH t LPV minima is planned, an assessment shuld be made t cnfirm if suitable EGNOS service is available at the aerdrme cncerned. EGNOS cverage is described in the Service Definitin Dcument (SDD) available n the ESSP web site ( Accrding t ICAO recmmendatins, a legal recrding mechanism shuld be put in place fr any navigatin system t be used in peratins. This recmmendatin applies t GNSS. The archived data will be useful in the cntext f pst accident/incident investigatins. ANSPs r States d nt necessarily have t set up their wn recrding system; they can have agreements with ther parties t prvide them with the necessary data (e.g. IGS fr GPS r ESSP fr EGNOS) Cncerning the availability f a real-time mnitring fr GNSS systems, this is nt cnsidered as a requirement fr RNP APCH Implementatin. Indeed the perfrmance bserved n the grund with a receiver is nt likely t be representative f the perfrmance experienced nbard appraching aircraft: with PBN there is n lnger a direct link between navigatin systems n the grund (and in space) and the aircraft capability t perfrm an peratin. In such cnditins, real-time GNSS system status infrmatin is nt useful fr peratins Mrever, in the case f RNP APCH, ATC will nt be aware f the type f minima an aircraft will fly t (apprach clearance is accrding t apprach name - RNAV and nt t the type f minima). An aircraft will fllw the same lateral path whether perfrming an apprach dwn t LNAV, LNAV/VNAV r LPV minima available n the same chart A signal availability and spectrum check shuld be perfrmed nce as a pre-implementatin step at the intended lcatin, but a real time GNSS signal mnitring is nt required. Integrity is mnitred n bard the aircraft. Mre details n this subject are available in ICAO Annex AFIS Equipment Requirements Requirements cncerning required METEO equipment fr AFIS units are detailed in sectin 4.3. Additinal recmmendatins fr accmmdatin and equipment f AFIS units are prvided in [R37]EUROCONTROL Manual fr Aerdrme Flight Infrmatin Service (AFIS) as fllws: AFIS shuld preferably be prvided frm a twer at a lcatin which ensures the best pssible view f the aerdrme, the surrunding area and, in particular, the maneuvring area. As an interim measure, AFIS culd als be prvided frm a rm in a cmparable lcatin, facing the aerdrme and at least the apprach ends f the runway, with large, unbstructed windws. The equipment in the AFIS unit shuld be the same as that required fr an aerdrme cntrl twer at an aerdrme with lw traffic density Gap Analysis Current legislatin [R05] Aviatin Regulatin L14 des nt specify the clear requirements fr visual apprach slpe indicatr systems fr nn-precisin runways. Nnetheless, even thugh n specificatins are detailed abut visual aids, all the Eurpean aerdrmes analysed in the previus feasibility study [R45] include edge, PAPI/PLASI and threshld lights as a minimum standard. Current legislatin [R05] Aviatin Regulatin L14 des nt specify GNSS infrastructure requirements fr nn-precisin runways as recmmended by guidelines transpsed in previus sectins DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 48/70

49 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study Implementatin Actins The equipment f the affected aerdrmes must be in line with the relevant prpsals fr the present implementatin: Flight Infrmatin Service: Implementatin f AFIS units at uncntrlled aerdrmes; Type f appraches t be implemented: IFR nn-precisin appraches and APVs (nly fr aircraft wishing t fly IFR within the cncerned airspace). After cnducting the gap analysis in the previus sectin, the fllwing implementatin actins can be derived: AE1: Equipment fr AFIS units shuld be supplied t affected aerdrmes fllwing the guidelines described in sectin Such requirements shuld als be further detailed in [R05] Aviatin Regulatin L14. AE2: Apprach lighting system requirements shuld be further assessed in the scpe f a safety case. In case the safety case cncludes that apprach lighting system fr uncntrlled aerdrmes wh which t cmply t IFR prcedures are recmmended, an annex t current [R05] Aviatin Regulatin L14 is advised specifying the recmmendatin fr edge, PAPI/PLASI and/r threshld lights as minimum standards fr uncntrlled aerdrmes wh wish t cmply t IFR prcedures. AE3: An annex t current [R05] Aviatin Regulatin L14 is recmmended specifying GNSS infrastructure requirements fr nn-precisin runways in rder t allw fr RNP APCH prcedures in uncntrlled aerdrmes as recmmended by the fllwing [R36] ICAO EUR RNP APCH Guidance Material (EUR Dc 025) guidelines, namely: APV prcedures flwn t LPV minima rely n the use f EGNOS SL service. An ANSP implementing LPV is required by its State Civil Aviatin Authrity t have a wrking agreement with the EGNOS service prvider. (Fr the EU States [R09] Regulatin (EC) N 550/2004 Article 10 is applicable) In case implementatin f RNP APCH t LPV minima is planned, an assessment shuld be made t cnfirm if suitable EGNOS service is available at the aerdrme cncerned. DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 49/70

50 CONOPS Implementatin f IFR prcedures in the Czech Republic / CZCAA IFR Study 4.7 Airspace Mdificatin Requirements The fllwing requirement frms the baseline fr the prpsed apprach fr the intrductin f IFR prcedures n uncntrlled aerdrmes: Airspace re-rganisatin: declaratin f RMZ znes in G airspaces arund the aerdrmes (the German case) - Minimum regulatry impact since RMZ are already defined in the regulatin. The fllwing sub-sectins detail current and minimum airspace requirements and recmmended implementatin actins fllwing the prpsed airspace re-rganizatin Current and Minimum Airspace Requirements Current requirements: Accrding t the Czech AIP, the Czech airspace is structured and classified fllwing the ICAO airspace directives, the classificatin f uncntrlled airspace is declared as airspace G, whilst the classificatin f cntrlled airspace is designated as C, D r E. Nevertheless, airspace F is currently nt used in Czech Republic. Airspaces A and B are nt declared nr used in the Czech Republic. Figure 7: Overview f airspace classificatin Czech Republic airspace als cntemplates special airspace znes such: Aerdrme Traffic Znes (ATZ), aircraft within an ATZ must bey the instructins f the twer cntrller (if present), r must make radi cntact with the Aerdrme Flight Infrmatin Service unit r Air/Grund Cmmunicatin Service unit fr the aerdrme befre entering the zne (in the case f an uncntrlled airfield), r must bey grund signals if nn-radi. In the Czech Republic, ATZs are currently nly used fr uncntrlled aerdrmes. Radi Mandatry Znes (RMZ) 2, airspace wherein the carriage and peratin f radi equipment is mandatry. VFR flights perating in parts f Classes E, F r G airspace and IFR flights perating in parts f Classes F r G airspace designated as a radi mandatry zne (RMZ) by the cmpetent authrity shall maintain cntinuus air-grund vice cmmunicatin watch and establish tw-way cmmunicatin, as necessary, n the apprpriate cmmunicatin channel, unless in cmpliance with alternative prvisins prescribed fr that particular airspace by the cmpetent authrity. Befre entering a radi mandatry zne, an initial call cntaining the designatin f the statin being called, call sign, type f aircraft, psitin, level, the intentins f the flight and ther infrmatin as prescribed by the cmpetent authrity, shall be made by pilts n the apprpriate cmmunicatin channel. 2 N declared RMZ has been identified during the Czech AIP analysis DcID: CZCAA IFR study Versin: Status: released Page: 50/70