EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT FOR AERODROME CONTROLLER

Transcription

1 1. ntrductin EMERGENCY MNGEMEN FOR ERODROME CONROLLER is a simple set f acrnyms which may make it easier fr cntrllers t remember the immediate actins, r sequence f actins, t be fllwed n initial ntificatin in the event f an unusual/emergency situatin: cknwledge the call. Make sure yu understand the nature f the emergency. eparate the aircraft frm ther traffic. Give it rm t maneuvre. D nt frget t maintain separatin all the time. ilence n yur cntrl frequency if necessary. D nt disturb urgent cckpit actins by unnecessary radi transmissins. nfrm thse wh need t knw and thse wh can help; infrm thers as apprpriate upprt the pilts in any way pssible - tart t think f alternative rutings, etc. ime - Give the pilts time t cllect their thughts, d nt harass them fr infrmatin. ime prduces gd decisins Many rganizatins successfully adpted the principle pineered by the Deutsche Flugsicherung GmbH (DF) entrusted with cntrlling the air traffic in Germany Pay attentin during emergencies, the cntrller shall maintain necessary cmmunicatin with the flight crew if pssible and f curse, in functin f the situatin. he air traffic cntrller shall avid frequency change if he can cntinue t manage the traffic even utside f his respnsibility area. Radar cntact shall be maintained during the emergency activatin perid. Emergency management fr aerdrme cntrller Versin January 2016 Page 1

2 2. Emergency declared n runway 2.1. Brake prblem r pr braking ituatin: Pr braking can be due t cntaminatin f the runway r due t technical prblems Pilts can request the lngest runway. he cntrller shall anticipate the fllwing cnsequences: High level f stress and increased wrklad - caused by directinal cntrl and deceleratin prblems resulting frm brake failure during landing, r during high speed rejected take ff (RO) Flight crew might be nt aware f fire, tyre burst r deflatin that culd result frm heavy braking upn landing, RO ircraft can versht runway threshld at far end ircraft tyres can burn (fire) r deflate ircraft can lse directinal cntrl ircraft swerving ff f the runway Cllisin with nearby traffic r bject clse t the runway Runway(s) can be blcked after landing axiway(s) can be blcked after landing L unserviceable (nt applicable fr VO) he actins fr the cntrller shall be: Fllw prcedure Free the landing runway and all the hlding pints if pssible. When the aircraft is n final, d nt allw pr psitining fr the apprach, carefully mnitr alignment, height, speed and distance t tuchdwn f a brake prblem was discvered prir t landing, C shall infrm the pilt abut: the lngest runway available the widest runway available pssibility t execute hlding prcedures t burn fuel in rder t lwer aircraft landing weight; pssibility t divert t alternate aerdrme if any cnditin such as pr braking actin, runway cntaminatin r adverse weather is present at the destinatin aerdrme, r if any ther cnditins exist that culd result in higher grund speed n tuchdwn r are unfavurable fr taxiing; cknwledge the emergency; infrm the flight crew if fire/smke is bserved (nt applicable fr VO) eparate the aircraft and if necessary priritize it fr landing, keep the active runway clear f departures & arrivals ilence the nn-urgent calls (as required); use a separate frequency if pssible (nt applicable fr VO) nfrm the airprt emergency fire rescue services and infrm the adjacent C units if the aircraft is appraching r is near t their areas f respnsibility upprt the flight by prviding any infrmatin requested and necessary such as type f apprach, runway length and aerdrme details Prvide time fr the flight crew t assess the situatin; d nt press them with nn-urgent matters. Emergency management fr aerdrme cntrller Versin January 2016 Page 2

3 2.2. Bird strike Birds, which are flying arund airfield, are dangerus fr aircraft and can be the cause f many situatins: Bird impact can break the windshield r canpy, creating lss f visibility frm the flight deck r windshield penetratin Birds may get int a jet engine and cause single r multi engine failure ircraft hydraulics may get damaged and may bring abut lss f cntrl ccrding t real studies n bird strike incidents, in 40% the impact was n the aircraft engines. nther large prtin f impacts are spread ut ver the aircraft nse, radme and flight deck windscreen. he cntrller shall anticipate the fllwing cnsequences during take-ff: Flight crew can decide t abrt take-ff Flight crew can decide an immediate return t the aerdrme r next suitable aerdrme Flight crew can have restricted visibility if canpy is damaged. Landing gear can be damaged he actins fr the cntrller shall be: Fllw the prcedure sk the pilt if he is able t cntrl the aircraft llw lng final if requested. Free the runway if it is required by the emergency nfrm abut alternate aerdrme details as sn as pssible including runway characteristics and navigatin infrmatin. cknwledge the bird strike, ask fr the crew s intentins when the situatin permits, minimize frequency changes, and establish whether the crew is able t cntrl the aircraft eparate the aircraft frm ther traffic, priritize it fr landing and keep the active runway clear f departures & arrivals ilence the nn-urgent calls (as required) and use a separate frequency if pssible (nt applicable fr VO) nfrm the airprt emergency services and infrm the adjacent C units upprt the flight experiencing the cnsequences f the bird strike with any infrmatin requested and deemed necessary (e.g. type f apprach, runway length and aerdrme details, etc.) Prvide time fr the crew t assess the situatin; d nt press them with nn-urgent matters. Emergency management fr aerdrme cntrller Versin January 2016 Page 3

4 2.3. Rejected take-ff ituatin: ircraft can abrt take-ff during rlling befre V 1 n the event f an engine malfunctin, flight crew shuld be able t safely reject the take ff if the decisin t d s is made at a speed nt greater than the crrectly calculated decisin speed (V1). fter V1, a reject shuld nly be cnsidered if there is a strng reasn t believe that the aircraft will nt fly. he cntrller shall anticipate the fllwing cnsequences: ircraft can versht the runway threshld at the far end ircraft tires can burst Runway can be blcked after landing G-arund fr appraching aircraft Passenger evacuatin (nt applicable fr VO) Directinal cntrl is nt maintained during the rll he actins fr the cntrller shall be: Delay the taking-ff and landing n that runway 3. Emergency declared near the runway 3.1. Engine r PU n fire ituatin: Fire is the first enemy n bard. Engines when facing failure can create fire. bird strike can create fire inside the engines When fire is detected, aircraft shall land as sn as pssible n a suitable aerdrme. Fire in the air is ne f the mst hazardus situatins that a flight crew can be faced with. fire can lead t the catastrphic lss f that aircraft within a very shrt perid f time. he cntrller shall anticipate the fllwing cnsequences: Flight crew are facing maximum stress in the cckpit and heavy wrklad. Flight crew can use fire extinguishers ircraft engine(s) can shut dwn as a first cnsequence Ht brakes if a rejected take-ff has been perfrmed Runway can be blcked after landing r rejected take-ff ircraft culd lse altitude in rder t re-gain perfrmance ircraft speed shuld decrease Flight crew can ask t land n the next suitable aerdrme r return t the departure aerdrme after take-ff Emergency management fr aerdrme cntrller Versin January 2016 Page 4

5 he actins fr the cntrller shall be: Fllw the prcedure sk if there are dangerus gds n bard, the number f persns n bard Crdinate with the landing aerdrme cntrller if cnnected Clear the runway when the aircraft is 20NM final n case f an emergency landing, recrd last knwn psitin and time. he cntrller shall infrm all pilts abut: he clsest and suitable aerdrme cnsidering aircraft situatin elected landing aerdrme details as sn as pssible including runway in use, length, elevatin Weather infrmatin f landing aerdrme including wind, visibility, ceiling and QNH n additin, the actin fr the cntrller shall be fr private pilts: Check the fuel selectr Check mixture Check fuel pump Check cabin heating and venting cknwledge and ensure that the fire emergency is well-understd Establish and maintain separatin frm ther traffic and terrain mpse silence n yur cntrl frequency, if necessary; and d nt delay r disturb urgent cckpit actin by unnecessary transmissins nfrm the adjacent C units if the aircraft is appraching r is near t their areas f respnsibility; Prvide maximum supprt t the flight crew llw the flight crew sufficient time t manage the emergency Emergency management fr aerdrme cntrller Versin January 2016 Page 5

6 3.2. Landing gear prblem here are several pssible situatins: Gear cannt be extended r gear is partially extended Gear is extended but gear indicatin n cckpit panel is wrng N retractin f the gear is pssible after take-ff Gear cllapse with subsequent airframe damage. Cmmercial airliners use cmplex retractable landing gears. he inbard system prvides light indicatin regarding the status f the landing gear: a green light when the landing gear is dwn and lcked and a red light when there is a discrepancy between the gear lever and landing gear psitins. he unsafe indicatin might be the first sign f a prblem related t the prper preparatin f the landing gear fr landing. he cntrller shall anticipate the fllwing cnsequences: Pilt in cmmand can decide t g-arund if the gear indicatin n cckpit is wrng Pilt can request a lw pass fr visual gear inspectin by the twer Pilt can perfrm manual gear extensin Pilt can decide asking alternate airfield, land n departure airfield r cntinue t destinatin when n gear retractin is pssible he actins fr the cntrller shall be: Prepare fr a lw pass Clear the runway sk the flight crew if they want t cntinue t fly with permanently extended gear r nt cknwledge the gear prblem, ask fr the crew s intentins when the situatin permits, and establish whether the crew is able t extend the gear int lcked psitin eparate the aircraft frm ther traffic, priritize it fr landing and keep the active runway clear f departures & arrivals ilence the nn-urgent calls (as required) and use a separate frequency if pssible (nt applicable fr VO) nfrm the airprt emergency services and infrm the adjacent C units if the aircraft is appraching r is near t their areas f respnsibility; upprt the flight experiencing gear prblems with any infrmatin requested and deemed necessary Prvide time fr the crew t assess the situatin. D nt press them with nn-urgent matters. Emergency management fr aerdrme cntrller Versin January 2016 Page 6