2. Mythology A collection of stories handed down from one generation to another.

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1 EGYPIAN AMERICAN INERNAIONAL SCHOOL Elementary Social Studies Department ERM: 2 GRADE: 6 Mid-Year Exam Review Packet Name: Class: Date: PAR 1: Vocabulary - Below you have all the vocabulary words we have learned this semester. Match the vocabulary words to the lesson it was associated with and its definition. Make sure to write out the word in the appropriate place to practice spelling them correctly. Dictator Expedition Diffuse Epic Vice President Legacy Strategic Acropolis Campaign Scholar Patrician Agora Demagogue Confederation Province Oligarchy Academy Ballot Party Aristocracy Consul Candidate Decimal System Democracy Forum Oath Republic Gladiator Mythology Election Veto Aqueduct Policy Debate Census Nominee Barbarian Senate Patriotism ragedy League Dominant Platform Plague Patron ribune Vote Basilicas Comedy Plebeian riumvirate President Chap. 8 Lesson 1: Early Greece 1. Dominant More Powerful. 2. Mythology A collection of stories handed down from one generation to another. 3. Decimal System A counting system based on the number Strategic Of great importance. 5. Epic A long poem that tells the story of events in a hero s life. 1

2 Chap. 8 Lesson 2: City-States and Greek Culture 1. Acropolis A high city 2. Agora An open-air market. 3. Democracy A system of government in which the people rule. 4. Aristocracy 5. Policy A plan of action. A small group of leaders from wealthy landowning families who inherit the right to rule. 6. Barbarian A person who is considered uncivilized. 7. Oligarchy A system of government where only a few people from the ruling class make decisions for everyone. Chap. 8 Lesson 3: he Golden Age 1. Academy A special school. 2. League Group of allies. 3. Demagogue A leader who stirs up the feelings and fears of people to gain personal power. 4. Patron A supporter. 5. ragedy Serious plays with unhappy endings. 6. Plague A deadly disease. 7. Comedy Plays designed to make audiences laugh. Chap. 8 Lesson 4: Alexander s Great Empire 1. Diffuse o spread. 2. Expedition Journeys of exploration. 3. Legacy Something lasting left by someone who has died. 4. Scholars Seekers of knowledge. 2

3 Chap. 9 Lesson 1: Early People of Italy 1. Consul Headed the republic and led the army 2. Senate he most powerful governing body in Rome. 3. ribune An assembly and elected leaders set up by Plebeians. 4. Confederation A group of governments joined together for a common purpose. 5. Dictator A ruler with absolute authority. 6. Veto o reject. 7. Republic 8. Plebeians Common people. A government system where the citizens elect leaders to represent them in an assembly 9. Patricians Wealthy descendants of Rome s earliest settlers. Chap. 9 Lesson 2: he Path of Roman Conquest 1. Province A self-governing region. 2. riumvirate A group of three rulers who share power. Chap. 9 Lesson 3: he Roman Empire 1. Patriotism Love of a country 2. Census A count of s country s people. 3. Basilicas Huge government buildings that stand in the center of a city. 4. Forum A public place where people can meet for business or recreation. 5. Gladiator A slave of prisoner that fought often to the death. 6. Aqueduct A system of bridges and canals used to carry water to a city. 3

4 Election Week 1. Ballot A piece of paper listing the candidates running for office. A ballot is used to cast a vote. 2. Candidate A person who is running for office in an election. 3. Campaign 4. Debate A series of political actions (like advertisements, public appearances, and debates) that are used to help a candidate get elected to office. A formal, public political discussion involving two or more candidates for office. 5. Oath A promise, often with witnesses, about ones futures actions and behavior. 6. Election A process in which people vote to choose a leader or to decide on an issue. 7. Vote A formal expression of opinion or choice made by an individual. 8. Nominee A person who is selected as a candidate for elections. 9. Party 10. Platform 11. President A group of persons with common purposes or opinions who support one side of a dispute, question, debate, etc. Usually used in political elections. A public statement of principles, objectives, and policy of a political party. Usually put forth by a representative or candidate of a party. An officer appointed or elected to manage or lead an organized body of persons. 12. Vice President Second in command to the President. PAR 2: Multiple Choices Choose the correct answer for each question. 1. How do archeologists know about the Cycladic culture? a. Artifacts that were found and studied. b. hey guessed. c. From the Minoans. 2. When the Minoans traded with other cultures they learned to form and would use it to make tools, weapons, and bowls. a. Gold b. Bronze c. Plastic 3. Why was roy s location strategic? a. Because the city was surrounded by walls. b. roy s location was not strategic. c. Because roy was located in a high point of land near the Dardanelles Strait which connects the Aegean Sea to the Sea of Marmara which leads to the Black Sea. 4

5 4. All the cultures we have learned about so far that traded were always a bit more advanced than those that did not trade. What was the result of trading with other cultures for a civilization? a. rading led to having many friends. b. rading led to exchange of ideas. c. None of the above. 5. What parts of the Minoan Culture did the Mycenaean s adapt? a. Art styles and writing b. Palaces and sailing to trade c. All of the above. 6. How did the Cycladic Culture end? a. Natural Disasters b. rojan War c. Weak leadership, Large Earthquake, Food Shortage, and Dorian Migration 7. How did the Minoan Culture end? a. Natural Disasters b. Large fire that destroyed all the cities. c. Weak leadership, Large Earthquake, Food Shortage, and Dorian Migration 8. How did the Mycenaean culture end? a. Natural Disasters b. rojan War c. Weak leadership, Large Earthquake, Food Shortage, and Dorian Migration 9. How did the rojan Culture End? a. rojan War b. Weak leadership, Large Earthquake, Food Shortage, and Dorian Migration c. Natural Disasters 10. Which government system did Sparta use? a. Oligarchy b. Aristocracy c. Democracy 11. Was everyone living in Sparta considered to be Spartan s (citizens)? a. Yes b. No 12. During the Dark Ages, small villages joined together for protection and power to form. a. City-States b. Countries c. owns 13. What led the Spartans to develop their military way of life? a. Inland location. b. Fear or rebellion and of attack from outsiders. c. All on the above. 5

6 14. Although the Greek city-states were independent from each other, they did share some cultural identities which included language, mythology,? a. Olympic games and art styles. b. Religion and Olympic games. c. Government and currency. 15. What government system did the Athens have after changes were made to their Aristocracy? a. Democracy b. Oligarchy c. Monarchy 16. Which league was ruled by the Athenians and had allies from city-states in Attica, Asia Minor, and some of the Aegean Islands? a. Peloponnesian League b. Delian League c. None of the above. 17. What events caused the Greek city-states to unite? a. he Persians invading the Balkan Peninsula. b. he City-states didn t have enough resources to live separately. c. he Athenians convinced all the city-states to be one Greek culture. 18. Is science today affected by the discovery that Hippocrates s about illness having natural causes? a. Yes b. No 19. Pericles wanted to make Athens not only the school of Greece but also its most citystate. a. Rich b. Intelligent c. Powerful 20. Why did Athens ask its allies to pay tribute? a. It was a price for peace and protection. b. It was a price for food. c. It was a price for people to visit Athens. 21. What does Philosophy mean in Greek? a. Lovers of Wisdom b. Smart people c. Leaders of society 22. Pericles was killed by. a. A gadfly b. A plague c. Getting killed in battle. 6

7 23. Cleisthenes (As we call him in call Mr. C ) made changes in the government of Athens which allowed. a. Every male citizen, of the age of 18, a chance to serve in the government. b. All women to have a right to vote. c. Both A & B 24. Alexander s mother, Olympias, was from Greece. Where was Alexander s father, Philip II, from? a. Sparta b. Macedonia c. Asia Minor 25. From Aristotle, Alexander learned about other countries and people. What did he learn from his father? a. He learned to be a fearless warrior. b. He learned how to ride horses. c. He learned about surviving in the desert. 26. After hebes rebelled against being under Macedonian ruling, Alexander and his army attacked them. Alexander destroyed the city-state of hebes and sold its people into slavery. How did the other citystates react to Alexanders actions against hebes? a. he city-states kept on rebelling. b. he city-states attacked Alexander and his army. c. he city-states were discouraged from rebelling. 27. Which early victory led to Alexander gaining more wealth and glory as well as led the way to conquest s in southwestern Asia. a. he victory over the Persians at the Granicus River. b. he victory over the Egyptians. c. he victory over the Greek city-states. 28. Alexander was not always known as Alexander the Great. After which rulers death did Alexander get his name, Alexander the Great? a. Darius b. Philip c. Aristotle 29. What are the names of the twin boys from the legend that tells us about how Rome began? a. Romulus & Remus b. Marcus & Areolas c. Romes & Remons 30. Italy is a peninsula in Europe. What is the peninsula of Italy shaped like? a. A feather. b. A sword. c. A high-heeled boot. 31. Where was the Etruscan civilization located? a. Northwestern part of the Italian peninsula. b. o the west of Rome. c. On an island beside the Italian peninsula. 7

8 32. Rome was built on hills along the iber River? a. 5 b. 3 c How were the Etruscan civilization influenced by the Greek Culture? a. hrough books b. hrough trading c. hrough myths 34. When was a dictator used in the Roman Republic? a. In case of emergency b. In case of the consuls having too much work c. Both A and B 35. How many years did the Etruscan Kings rule over Rome? a. 100 Years b. 200 Years c. 300 Years 36. What was the government system used by the Etruscan civilization? a. Democracy b. Republic c. Monarchy 37. Money that came from the provinces that Rome gained made the upper-class romans. a. Richer b. Poorer c. None of the above. 38. What were some of the problems for the Romans after winning the Punic Wars? a. Conflict arose between rich Romans and poor Romans. b. Lower-Class Romans became poorer when they lost their work to slave labor. c. Both 39. Before Julius Caesar became a dictator which political role did he hold? a. Senate b. Consul c. ribune 40. here was a triumvirate formed in Rome between Octavian, Mark Anthony and. a. Hannibal b. Lepidus c. Sulla 41. In just 60 days Caesar conquered the Italian Peninsula. Caesar s leadership ability and military victories convinced the Senate that he should rule as for ten years. a. Dictator b. President c. Senator 8

9 42. Some senators worried that Caesar was planning to become a King. As a result they plotted to kill Caesar. On March 15, 44 B.C., a day known as the, a small group of senators stabbed Caesar at a Senate meeting. a. Ides of March b. Stabbing of Caesar c. he Black Day 43. Gladiators would fight to death as entertainment for the Romans. Who were the gladiators? a. Slaves b. Prisoners c. Both 44. What point of view did Octavian (Augustus) have about the work he did for the city of Rome? a. He believed he improved greatly the look of the city b. He did not do anything for the city of Rome. c. Octavian was more focused on conquering the world to notice what was happening in Rome. 45. Roman builders admired the beauty of Greek architecture and used Greek styles of. a. Columns b. Arches c. Aqueducts 46. he Roman builders also used in there architecture, as the Etruscans had. a. Columns b. Arches c. Aqueducts 47. Roman architects later added ideas of their own, such as. a. Columns b. Arches c. Domes PAR 3: Answer true of false for the following questions. F F F 1. he Cycladic Culture is not part of the Aegean Civilization. 2. Sparta and Athens were the most powerful City-States in ancient Greece. 3. he Persians Wars allowed the Persians to invade Greece. 4. he Punic Wars had nothing to do with the Golden Age ending. 5. During an election, the Candidates have to campaign to gain votes. 6. he end of the Aegean Civilizations resulted in the Dark Ages. 7. Alexander the Great never completed his fathers quest to end the Persian Empire. 9

10 F F F F 8. he people in the City-states in Greece all considered themselves to be of one Greek culture. 9. he early people of Rome came up with the Republic government system. 10. he Peloponnesian War, Plague, and rise of demagogues was the cause of the end of the Golden age. 11. Pericles helped remodel the city of Athens by hiring the best architects and artists. 12. he Golden Age is a time when a civilization is at its best. 13. he Punic Wars was between Carthage and Greek City-States. 14. Roman Republic became a Roman Empire when Octavian was titles as Emperor. 15. Etruscans did not adapt the concept of City-States from the Greek. 16. An oath is taken before voting in an election. PAR 4: Complete the Graphic Organizers below. 1. Compare and Contract between Sparta and Athens by using the below word bank. Use the corresponding letters to answer. A) Reason and Logic B) Olympic Games C) Oligarchy D) Democracy E) War F) Iron Rods G) Language H) Coins I) Mythology SPARANS BOH AHENIANS Money: 1. F Government: 2. C Values: 3. E Culture: 4. B 5. G 6. I Money: 7. H Government: 8. D Values: 9. A 2. Fill out the graphic organizer below that describes the Election steps we did in Class during Election Week. Use the word bank below to complete the graphic organizer by using the corresponding letters. A. Speech from candidates. B. Get to know the Candidate. C. Analyzing the Candidate. D. Voting E. Voters Registration. F. Oath 1. B 2. Campaign 3. E 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. F 10

11 3. Complete the venn diagram to compare and contrast Socrates and Plato. Use the word bank below to complete the venn diagram by using the corresponding letters. A) Began an academy for future B) Athenians C) Philosophers rulers. D) Sentenced to die of poison. E) Critical of leaders SOCRAES BOH PLAO 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. E 4. We have studied many different wars. Fill in the below table to show an understanding of who fought the wars, why, and who won. o gain control of trade in the Mediterranean Sea. Greek City-States he Spartans feared Athens growing power. Rome Sparta (Peloponnesian League) VS. Athens (Delian League) he Persians wanted to invade the Greek Peninsula s Persians VS. the Greek City-States Rome VS. Carthage Sparta and the Peloponnesian League. War Name: Persian Wars Peloponnesian Wars Punic Wars Who Fought: Persians VS. the Greek City-States Sparta (Peloponnesian League) VS. Athens (Delian League) Rome VS. Carthage Cause of the War he Persians wanted to invade the Greek Peninsula s he Spartans feared Athens growing power. o gain control of trade in the Mediterranean Sea. Winner: Greek City-States Sparta and the Peloponnesian League. Rome 11

12 5. Complete the below chart explaining the accomplishments and lasting contribution during the Pax Romana. A) Domes B) Allowed volunteers C) Census D) Beautiful buildings E) Latin influence on many other languages F) Strong G) Build Army Posts & Roads H) Written and artistic works that inspired patriotism I) Writing of Virgil, Livy, and Others. J) Roadways that encouraged cultural diffusions among provinces. K) Defended Boarders L) Made laws that unified people from many culture. M) Principles of law that are important parts of many legal systems today. Roman Empire During the Pax Romana ACCOMPLISHMENS LASING CONRIBUIONS Government F) Strong L) Made laws that unified the people from many culture C) Census M) Principles of law that are important parts of many legal systems today Army B) Allowed Volunteers G) Build Army Posts & Roads K) Defended borders J) Roadways that encouraged cultural diffusions among provinces Culture D) Beautiful buildings H) Written and artistic works that inspired patriotism A) Domes I) Writings of Virgil, Livy, and Others E) Latin influence on other languages 6. Complete the following chart by using the word bank below. Write the letter representing the word or statement from the word bank in the chart. A. Protection from attack by sea B. Stones and Wood Geography Features D Inland Location E Nearby Sea B iber River C. Sea-trade routes D. Steep Hills E. Fertile Soil F. Salt, Fish Benefits to Rome. Protection from attack by land. A Farming & Food F Building material C 12

13 7. Add the words to the table below that describes the architectural designs and origin. Use the Corresponding letters a) Arches b) Romans c) Domes d) Columns e) Etruscans f) Greeks Picture # Architectural Design Origin (Where was it adapted from) 1 1. D 2. F 2 3. A 4. E 3 5. C 6. B PAR 5: Answer the below questions in complete sentences. 1. How do archaeologists know about people of the Cycladic culture in the Aegean Civilization? Archaeologists learned about the Cycladic Culture by studying artifacts found in the Islands of the Cyclades. 2. Explain why living near to a body of water during the early civilizations of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome was such as important resource. Living near a body of water was important to ancient civilizations as is provided water for drinking and farming and caused soil to be fertile for crops. he water or sea also provided fish and salt to eat. Also, living near the sea allowed for sea trade and exploration which eventually lead to exchanging of ideas and innovation. 3. Why did the Greeks build city-states on an acropolis? he Greeks built there most important government buildings, palaces, and temples on an acropolis (a high city) because it was a good way to protect themselves in a case of attack or war. 4. Alexander s life ended, but his legacy lasted. Explain 3 of his legacies and how it was important to history? Alexander s legacies included the defeat of the Persian Empire which eventually led to his ability to conquer more lands and build his own empire, the spread of Greek culture throughout his empire, and the Library in Alexandria, Egypt, which stands until today holding historical text and writing. hese achievements that Alexander accomplished are important because they had a large effect on the way our history was shaped. 13

14 5. Historians considered the Golden Age in Greece to be from 490 to 390 B.C. because of 4 major aspects that they looked at in the culture; Art, Architecture, Literature, and Science. Explain one of the achievements of the Golden Age in Athens that has to do with the mentioned aspects (Art, Architecture, Literature, Science). During the Golden Age the following were considered as aspects for Greece to be at its best: 1. Pericles hired the best Architects and Artists to remodel the city of Athens turning it into a cultural center. 2. Writers were supported to make plays and write about the History of Athens and Greece. 3. Hippocrates, and Athenian scientist, discovered that illness was not a punishment from the Greek Gods, but instead it came from natural causes. 6. Compare the difference between an Oligarchy and an Aristocracy. Explain each type of government. An Oligarchy is a system of government where only a few people from the ruling class make decisions for everyone. An Aristocracy is a small group of leaders from wealthy landowning families who inherit the right to rule. he difference between both governments is that in an Aristocracy leaders inherit the right to rule, whereas in an Oligarchy there is no one leader that inherits the right the rule, instead they are ruling families that share power. 7. Although the early Greek City-States considered themselves completely independent from each other, they did have 4 similarities in their cultures that formed the Greek identity. What were those 4 cultural identities that allowed historians to consider all the City-States to be Greek? he Greek City-States shared the same language, religion, mythology, and all played in the Olympic Games. 8. During the Persian Wars there were 2 battles that we studied the battle of Salamis and Marathon in which Athens and the Greek City-States defeated the Persians. How do you think that Athens and the Greek City- States were able to defeat the Persians, even though the Persians had much more soldiers? he Athenians and the Delian League and the Spartans and Peloponnesian League has special skills that allowed them to defeat the Persians although outnumbered. For example the Spartan had the strongest military and lived their whole life training how to fight, strategize, and defeat their enemies. Athenians had the strongest navy allowing them to be advanced in fighting on water. he Athenians were also very reasonable people that had great strategy and planning. 9. he Punic Wars had large effect on the Roman society. Describe some of the benefits of the Punic Wars on the Roman society. Describe some of the downfalls the Punic wars had on the Roman Society. he Punic Wars allowed Rome to gain more land, more money (from taxes), and more slave labor (from the people captured). Unfortunately, the increase in slave labor made the lower class romans (the working class people) to get poorer because the slaves were doing all the work the lower class would usually do but for free. Since the lower class Romans were getting poorer and the upper class Romans were getting richer there was cause for much conflict between the social classes. 14

15 10. 80,000 km of roadways were built throughout the Roman Empires. Who built these roads and how were the roadways beneficial to the Roman Society? Explain as much as you can about this topic. When the Roman Republic became an Empire with lands expanding from the Spain all the way to Asia Minor and all the lands surrounding the Mediterranean Sea in Southern Europe and Northern Africa, the Roman Army needed an easier way to move around and protect all the borders. As a result the Roman Army built roadways that connect all through the Roman Empire. hese roadways were used as well by all the people living in the empire which allowed easier trade, exchanging of ideas, and eventually caused cultural diffusion that unified most the on the people in the Roman Empire. 15

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