m a r k e t % +/- average house price [s.a. 150,257] % owner occupied [s.a ] railway station % growth

Transcription

1 housng connectons growth % +/- average house prce [s.a. 150,257] % owner occuped [s.a ] ralway staton wthn thrty mles of large settlement % growth m a r k e t

2 performance top employer [s]- manufacturng and retal 5/9 have above average % of people n employment 2/9 have a hgher than average % of people wth qualfcatons 8/9 have better health than average 7/9 have hgher than average house prce 4/9 have hgher than average owner occupaton 5/9 have a ralway 7/9 are wthn 30 mles of large settlements 6/9 have ncreased n populaton from structure and hstory Early maps show dstnct patterns of development. As Royal Burghs, many of these towns were somewhat planned and grew n a pattern of a hgh street wth vennels and closes runnng at rght angles. The towns formed organcally to accommodate and protect the market place. Most towns, at some pont n hstory, contaned tolbooths and mercat crosses sgnfyng ther mportance. In most cases, the orgnal core has survved throughout hstory and remans clearly vsble on modern maps. The retenton of the orgnal townscape may be a postve attrbute as hstorc buldngs and features have been preserved. Addtonally, as market towns have a hstory of wealth created by trade, the bult envronment tself consstently contans fner than usual buldngs. The towns grew slowly between 1800 and In general terms, the role of ths type of settlement has changed very lttle over tme. They grew as county towns and meetng places for surroundng communtes. They dd not attract a huge amount of ndustry n the 19th Century and managed to mantan a purpose throughout hstory. Major expanson occurred between 1950 and Ths perod of growth seems to lack real structure or relaton to the orgnal core. In addton, development seems completely focused on low densty housng. Undoubtedly, market towns wll have suffered wth the trend to focus retal and lesure facltes n out of town retal parks or larger settlements. Subsequently, they no longer possess the status they once held as Royal Burghs or county towns. However, they appear to perform relatvely well across the board of soco-economc ndcators. There s varaton between settlements, wth Forres and Cupar achevng postve results n every category. Conversly,Clackmannan acheves much poorer results. Interestngly, ths town was not ever awarded the Royal Burgh status.

3 Concluson Despte varatons between towns, market towns generally appear to be successful when compared wth natonal averages for a number of soco economc ndcators. Most grew steadly through tme, seeng major expanson occur n the md to late twenteth century. Despte some ndustral development n the 19th century, they managed to retan ther role as regonal centres throughout tme. Ths has secured ther poston as attractve places to lve and promoted growth. Although they do not appear to hold the status they once had, market towns retaned ther character and have well establshed town centres. As Scotland s earlest towns they hold specal hstorcal sgnfcance. Ths s ther most mportant asset.

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5 ndustral towns are those whose prmary economc functon was or s ndustry. These settlements have hstorcally reled on ndustry for employment. Many have seen the loss of the sector over the last ffty years and have struggled to recover. Others have retaned some ndustral employment or renvented themselves to serve other purposes. case studes auchnleck, banknock, cumnock, dalry, klbrne, kncardne, lesmahagow, loanhead, mauchlne, nelston, new cumnock, west klbrde

6 populaton date of map auchnleck Auchnleck s a small town n East Ayrshre. Its man reason for exstence was coal mnng from the 1800 s rght through the late twenteth century. Hstorcally, the vllage was the home of the 8th Earl of Auchenleck, Hs fne manor house datng from 1760 stll stands today and s a fne example of the archtecture of the tme. The town grew n a lnear fashon along ts man street and the populaton soared wth the demand for coal. The populaton was 1214 n 1800, by 1901 t was Newer settlements grew away from the orgnal core. Industry was an mportant part of the town untl the 1980s. In 1983 Hgh House mne closed under Margaret Thatcher s reform of the Coal Industry and later n 1989 Barony Mne also closed. Other ndustry such as Curres soft drnks Factory also closed at ths tme. Auchnleck has never recovered from these losses and s now vctm to many poverty related problems. The populaton s now % 101, ha dwellngs/ha

7 n d u s t r a l s home of 8th lord of auchnleck 1800 s ralway and promnance of mnng 1950 s mnng /ndustral town untl 1980 s 2008 rundown + neglected

8 populaton???????? date of map banknock Banknock s located on the Bonny water near Falkrk, just to the north of the Forth and Clyde Canal. The canal, whch for many years transported goods across Scotland, gave the town early reason to develop, especally for ndustry. The 18th century saw two major developments, frstly the arrval of the ralways and secondly the exploson of the coal ndustry. A wagon way connected the mnes to the canal. Along the ralways, ths area was a hve of ndustral actvty, ncludng brckworks and ron foundres. The ndustral landscape s now a wasteland. The town also contaned the Banker Dstllery whch was actve untl the 1980 s. Despte the demse of ndustry and loss of ralway, Banknock has retaned ts populaton and has even seen a rse from 1944 n 1951 to 3220 n Its central locaton between, Ednburgh, Strlng and Glasgow and the road network ensures resdents access to employment n other areas. [populatons for 1851 and 1901 unknown] 81.31% 168, ha dwellngs/ha

9 n d u s t r a l s canal spurns early growth 1800 s ralway and canal create ndustral hub 1980 sbanker dstllery last ndustry to close 2008 popular commuter town

10 populaton date of map cumnock Although older n orgn, Cumnock saw ts man growth perod occur n the Vctoran Era. At ths pont the neghborng town of Lugar saw the openng of the Lugar Iron Works. The area was the focal pont of coal and ron stone mnng throughout the 1800 s and the town s populaton s testament to ths. Between 1800 and 1850 the populaton rose by more than 2000 and then by almost 2000 more by A network of freght ralways lnked mnes and works and a passenger ralway led to Glasgow, Dumfres Ayr and Carlsle. The town was also a market town wth a mercat cross datng back to the 1700 s. Industry contnued n the town n the 20th century wth Cumnock beng home to several manufacturng plants. However, much of the heavy ndustry, ncludng mnng whch had been the towns prmary reason for exstence dsappeared, as dd the ralway and by the end of the 20th Century manufacturng was also under threat. Although the populaton dd not decrease, Cumnock became a hot bed for unemployment and related socal problems. It housed a stagnant mmoble populaton. Many of these problems persst, although the town has begun to attract some commuters to Glasgow and Ayr wth a number of modern prvate housng estates emergng % 134, ha dwellngs/ha

11 n d u s t r a l s small market town 1800 s coal mnng and ralways arrve 1900 s closure of heavy ndustry 2008 unemployment + slow re-nventon

12 populaton date of map dalry Located between the rvers Caaf and Rye and on the bank of rver Garnock, Dalry translates to kng s valley, n Gaelc. In the 15th century Dalry was lttle more than a vllage contanng sx dwellngs wth a populaton of less than 100. The town developed followng the erecton of a parsh church at the begnnng of the 17th century. By 1837 t had grown to approxmately 1000 nhabtants and the town had formed nto 5 streets convergng nto a central square. The majorty of the resdents were employed by manufacturers n Glasgow and Pasley to weave cotton and carpet yarn wth slk and also sewng and embroderng. In 1840 the arrval of many lme works, ron works and coal pts changed the character of the town. A vtamn producton factory was establshed n 1958 whch remans n operaton today. However ths town, once supported by ndustry has seen a sharp declne of tradtonal ndustry leadng to the populaton of Dalry decreasng consstently for the past 100 years % 144, ha dwellngs/ha

13 n d u s t r a l conssted of only 5 streets 1840 s ndustral character of town changed 1973ralway closed 2008 retans 5 radal prncpal streets

14 populaton date of map klbrne Klbrne s stuated 20 mles south west of Glasgow and stands on the rght brow of Garnock Rver. In the 16th century the populaton of Klbrne was less than 300 wth only three houses n the town. However, relatvely quckly, t grew to contan approxmately 800 people by Pror to the 19th century the predomnant ndustres were flax and weavng, these were eventually over taken by steel and ron saw a large ncrease n populaton due to Glengarnock steel work openng. Ths resulted n a total populaton of 5484 n 1851 compared to that of only 959 n Durng the 1950 s and 60 s Klbrne was famed for havng a dance hall Walker Hall whch hosted bg name events. The steel works remaned open untl 1985 but followng the closure Klbrne became an unemployment black spot. Today there are few shops left n the man street wth many vanshng and beng replaced wth large supermarkets. The majorty of resdents travel out of town for work % 107, ha dwellngs/ha

15 n d u s t r a l steel works took over 1937 famous for ts dance hall 1979 steelworks closed 2008 dsntegratng man street

16 populaton date of map kncardne Kncardne s stuated on the Forth Estuary at the pont where t narrows to become a rver. Ths locaton dctated the town s early role as a seaport. It was as a made a Burgh of Barony n Ths ttle was dfferent from Royal Burgh as the rght to trade fell to the towns land owner as opposed to the town s people. Kncardne remaned relatvely unchanged over tme, the sea port dd not develop as the town dd not develop ndustry, although the surroundng area was beng mned extensvely for coal. By 1900 the town was smply charactersed as a ferry port for a steam shps crossng the Forth. Kncardne was subject to a seres of dsastrous developments that changed ts character. In 1906, ralways cut the town off from ts rver frontage. Shortly after, the constructon of a man road lnkng Dumfermlne and Alloa cut the north sde of the town from the centre. In 1936, the Kncardne Road Brdge was bult, and the road constructed to carry traffc through the town cut off the eastern part of the vllage from the centre. Ffty years later the town bacame home to Kncardne Power staton, located on the banks of the Forth. Only years later a second power staton, Logganet opened nearby. The populaton grew to accommodate workers n the staton. They were housed n a handfull of tower blocks that faled to ntegrate n to the town. The orgnal power staton closed n 2001, although Logannet s stll operatonal % 124, ha dwellngs/ha

17 n d u s t r a l small seaport and market town 1906 ralway cuts town from shore 1950 road brdge brngs traffc 2008 power staton provdes jobs

18 populaton date of map lesmahagow Lesmahagow orgnated as a relgous centre wth the constructon of Lesmahagow Prory n Ths was destroyed n the reformaton wth archeologcal dgs uncoverng n The town s stuated n fertle farmland and agrculture has always been an mportant part of the local economy. However, the man reason for Lesmahagow s exstence was the extensve mnng at Coalburn n the 18th and 19th century. Industry was supported by a large network of ralways at ths tme. Between 1800 and 1950, the towns populaton ncreased form 3070 to Lesmahgow grew sharply and spread n a partcularly sparse pattern wth very lttle relaton to ts centre. Its current day populaton s only 3910 as ndustry has left the area. Lesmahagow s growng as a commuter town wth good lnks to neghbourng towns of Hamlton and Lanark. Addtonally the town s stuated very close to the M74 motorway to Glasgow. The orgnal centre has been granted Conservaton Area status, however t requres consderable nvestment to return to ts former glory % 179, ha dwellngs/ha

19 n d u s t r a l s orgnated as relgous centre 1800 s major expanson from mnng 1900 seventual closure of ral + mnes 2008 commuter town/conservaton area