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1 TO: UNCLASSFED AD NUMBER AD LMTATON CHANGES Approved for publc release; dstrbuton s unlmted. FROM: Dstrbuton authorzed to U.S. Gov't. agences and ther contractors; Admnstratve/Operatonal Use; JUN Other requests shall be referred to Ar Force Wrght Ar Development Center, Wrght-Patterson AFB, OH afal ltr, 27 dec 1979 AUTHORTY THS PAGE S UNCLASSFED

2 THS REPORT HAS BEEN DELMTED AND CLEARED FOR PUBLC RELEASE UNDER DOD DRECTVE 5200,20 AND NO RESTRCTONS ARE MPOSED UPON TS USE AND DSCLOSURE. DSTRBUTON STATEMENT A APPROVED FOR PUBLC RELEASE; DSTRBUTON UNLMTED.

3 rmed Servces Techncal UK'SCE t Because of oar lmted supply, you are requested to return ths copy WHEN T HAS SERVED YOUR PURPOSE so that t may be made avalable to other requesters. Your cooperaton. ** wll be apprecated.- re NOTCE: WHEN GOVERNMENT OR OTHER DRAWNGS, SPECFCATONS OR OTHER DATA ARE USED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN N CONNECTON WTH A DEFNTELY RELATED GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT OPERATON, THE U. S. GOVERNMENT THEREBY NCURS NO RESPONSBLTY, NOR ANY OBLGATON WHATSOEVER; AND THE FACT THAT THE GOVERNMENT MAY HAVE FORMULATED, FURNSHED, OR N ANY WAY SUPPLED THE SAD DRAWNGS, SPECFCATONS, OR OTHER DATA S NOT TO BE REGARDED BY MPLCATON OR OTHERWSE AS N ANY MANNER LCENSNG THE HOLDER OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR CORPORATON, OR CONVEYNG ANY RGHTS OR PERMSSON TO MANUFACTURE, USE OR SELL ANY PATENTED NVENTON THAT"MAY N ANY WAY BE RELATED THERETO. 51. _ - s DOCUMENT SERVCE CENTER u n HOTT BJlBHG, SAYTON. 2. Gt'!u

4 WADC TECHNCAL REPORT V ^V^ Q CD CJ> APPLCATON OF SPECFCATON ML E 5272 * L,... GROUND SUPPORT EQUPMENT Wallace S. Newton, B.S., M.S. Constantne G Makrdes, B.S. CORVEY ENGNEERNG COMPANY JUNE 1954 WRGHT AR DEVELOPMENT CENTER

5 1 5BS**/<B53SK NOTCES When Government drawngs, specfcatons, or other data are used for any purpose other than n connecton wth a defntely related Government procurement operaton, the Unted States Government thereby ncurs no responsblty nor any oblgaton whatsoever; and the fact that the Government may have formulated; furnshed, or n anyway suppled the sad drawngs, specfcatons., or other data, s not to be regarded by mplcaton or otherwse as n any manner lcensng the holder or any other person or corporaton; or conveyng any rghts or perms- j son to manufacture; use, or sell any patented nventon that may n any way be related thereto. The nformaton furnshed herewth s made avalable for study upon the understandng that th.e Government's propretary nterests n and relatng thereto shall not be mpared,, t s desred that the Judge Advocate (WCJ) 3 Wrght Ar Development Center, Wrght Patterson Ar Force Base. Oho, be promptly notfed of any apparent conflct between the Government's propretary nterests and those of others,!! _»

6 WADC TECHNCAL REPORT APPLCATON OF SPECFCATON 9 ML -E TO GROUND CUPPORT EQUPMENT Wallace S. Newton. B S, S M So Constantne G Makrdes, B S. CORVEY ENG WEE RNG COMPANY JUNE 1954 DRECTORATE OF LABORATORES Vw-unt tc NU 00(010; RDO No R z&w WRGHT AR DEVELOPMENT CENTER Ar Research and Development Command Unted States Ar Force- Wrght - Patterson Ar Force Base, Oho j_.-

7 FOREWARD Ths report was prepared by Cc**vev Engneerng Company, Washngton, D. C. under USAF Contract No. 33(618)-2278, ' Envronmental Crtera for USAF Ground Support Fqupment." The Contract requred a comprehensve lterature survey supplemented by personal ntervews wth actvtes experenced n ths feld. The Contract was ntated and admnsertv by the Envronmental Crtera Branch, Plans and Operatons Offce, Drer-to* rte of Laboratores, Wrght Ar Development Center, under a project dentfed by Research and Development Order No. R The WADC project engneer was Mr. R. K. Hankey. Mr. E. C. Thess, and Mr. J. R. Grraa, of the Envronmental Crtera Branch, generously devoted much tme and the experence to the furtherance of ths work. Durng the course of the lterature search and personal ntervews, many mltary and cvlan personnel of Lbrares, Laboratores, Test Statons, Mantenance and other Actvtes contrbuted ther tme and data to ths project. Havng had the beneft of ther cooperaton has enhanced the value of the data presented heren. WADC TR !

8 -w-'wjp" " -" SWWSSSSSSSSE* ABSTRACT A revew of Specfcaton ML-E-5272 and Ah Materal Command, memorandum Report MCREOC-51-5, 15 January 1951, has been made n lght of the data studed durng the course of ths Contract. Specfcaton ML-E-5272 s not consdered sutable for applcaton to Ground Support S. Equpment because many of the test procedures are too elaborate and varous exceptons or modfcatons would have to be made. There are a multtude of tems whch expend ther servce lfe under shelter and should not reasonably be expected to pass test procedures whrh nvolve hgh alttudes, extreme low temperatures, or other smulated envronments not lkely to be encountered. t would be more preferable to wrte a new specfcaton rather than apply one whch contans much extraneous matter of sgnfcance only to arborne equpment. n general the requrements of Specfcaton ML-E-5272 can apply to unsheltered ground support equpment. Many of the test procedures can also be appled as can others wth some modfcatons. Most of the test procedures whch do not apply have been desgned to evaluate arborne equpment. The applcable test procedures and others whch can apply wth modfcatons are avalable as a nucleus for a new specfcaton whch could take nto consderaton sheltered or unsheltered ground operaton world wde. S n - G PUBLCATON REVEW MB The publcaton of th,-; report does not consttute approval by the Ar Force of the fndngs or the conclusons contaned theren. t s publshed only for the exchange and stmulaton of deas. FOR THE COMMANDER: ^&~DANEL B. WHTE Colonel, USAF Drector of Laboratores WADC TR

9 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page NTRODUCTON SECTONS TEMPERATURE HUMDTY. Q o O # ' o c o 2 n V v ALTTUDE. OATT QT>T> A V VBRATON. 2 3 o V O o o 4 vn SUNSHNE a o o o a a o 5 vn RAN O O n O «5 DC SAND AND DUST... 6 X MMERSON... o o 6 X EXPLOSVE ATMOSPHERE xn TEMPERATURE-ALTTUDE... 7 xm ACCELERATON AND SHOCK K.! xrv BLOWNG SNOW AND SNOW LOAD CONCLUSONS ; - S V.L.

10 ! NTRODUCTON Ths techncal report has been wrtten n conjuncton wth WADC TR , "Effect of Clmate and Envronment on Ground Support Equpment," and WADC TR , "Envronmental Crtera for Ground Support Equpment." Specfcaton ML E-5272 s ntended to prescrbe procedures to be followed n subjectng equpment to smulated and accelerated envronmental condtons n order to nsure satsfactory operaton and to reduce deteroraton when the equpment s operated or stored n any global localty. Ground Support Equpment covers a broad feld ncludng many hundreds of tems, whch when deployed on a worm wde bass, wll, durng ther servce lfe, encounter seme one or some combnaton of all known natural and/or most nduced envronments for varyng perods of tme. Many hundreds of tems can be expected to render servce ndoors where they are sheltered from extreme clmatc effects and protected from other* envronments for purposes of ths report, shelter s nterpreted to mean a protecton or place of protecton, such that the extremes of natural and nduced envronments are excluded, and that there s reasonable faclty for human occupaton endeavor and comfort. For example, a mantenance shop or test laboratory, where the ambent temperature would not fall below 32 F, whch was weather tght and ventlated, n whch, personnel could work wth ease, s consdered one of the many types of sheltered areas, Numerous other tems operate outdoors completely unsheltered, except for ther nherent desgn. For purposes of ths report, equpment whcn s unsheltered s nterpreted to mean those tems whch normally operate outsde of sheltered areas and are exposed to the extreme natural and nduced envronmental stresses, The revew of specfcaton ML-E-5272 contaned n ths report has been made from the vewpont of ground support equpment as a whole rather than a sngle tem or class of tems. From ths comprehensve vewpont, t appears that certan tests are not sgnfcant whle at the same tme t s realzed that there may be some tem ^ose performance or condton could be evaluated thereby. Once the requrements for an tem have been establshed t s mperatve that the testng procedure be desgned so that t wll truly smulate servce op- 1 eraton and wll truly accelerate envronmental condtons Sheltered equpment should not be requred to pass envronmental tests whch are desgned to smulate condtons whch wll not be encountered n servce. n general the extreme env j ronmental tests of specfcatons ML E 5272 have lttle sgnfcance n relaton to sheltered equpment and the use of ths specfcaton should be held to a mn- ", mum. Unsheltered equpment offers a more fertle feld for the applcaton of envronmental tests. Personnel concerned wth the preparaton of the detal specfcaton for an tem should satsfy themselves that the tests are truly sgnfcant ^»^1 nr\t t be msled by generaltes. WADC TR v ;

11 Certan addtonal test procedures appear desrable, partcularly to evaluate performance of unsheltered equpment ntended for Arctc and Subarctc use under rapdly appled leads at temperatures down to mnus 65*F, and to determne ts ablty to wthstand blowng snow penetraton and snow load The followng revew of Specfcaton ML-E-5272, 16 September 1952^ s arranged n the same order n whch the envronmental factors appear n that Specfcaton and the reader should have t at hand for ready reference. The numbers lsted under 'Requrementct" and "" are the pertnent paragraph numbers n the Specfcaton to whch the "Revew Comments" refer. Comments have also been noted on certan envronmental factors not ncluded n the Specfcaton. WADC TR V "gs-«sren ranag;t-» s»ra^^ffgg^a»*»wb(asak: w^wjwmjw

12 o- :'J«mmmtmm'-m-^ SECTON TEMPERATURE ML E-5272 Paragraph Number Revew Comment Requrements Can apply except rate s not sgnfcant. Can apply except rate s not sgnfcant. 4, ** , Hgh Temperature Test. Can apply to unsheltered equpment. t would not be necessary to test sheltered equpment above 125 F. Ths does not nclude equpment especally desgned to operate at elevated temperatures crca 350 F. Low Te mpe rature Te st. Can apply to unsheltered equpment ntended for Arctc and Subarctc use. The low temperature lmt lor unsheltered equpment ntended for temperate zone use should be mnus 25 F. Ths should be met wthout any elaborate wnterzaton measures. The low temperature lmt for sheltered equpment should be 32 F< Can apply for storage and to ar transportable tems ntended for Arctc and Subarctc use as unsheltered equpment. The frst sentence can apply for storage and to ar transportable tems ntended for use as sheltered equpment, A temperature of 32 F should be used n leu of -65 F for sheltered Equpment. Temp Shock Tesl. Not Sgncant. Not Sgnfcant. WADC TR ';OA4A^Vkl

13 SECTON HUMDTY Rec-urements 019 U. A. l Can apply Humdty Tests. Can apply to unsheltered and sheltered equpment ntended for use n warm humd areas. Ths test would fnd more applcaton tc ground support equpment than ether of procedures or 4.4.3, however some modfcatons of tme and temperature may be requred to more properly evaluate specfc tems. Not sgnfcant snce 4,4.1 s avalable and can be modfed. Not sgnfcant snce s avalable and can be modfed. NOTE: t s more desrable to have a sngle test procedure rather than a choce of three. Requrements SECTON H ALTTUDE 3,1-3 Can apply up to alttudes of 8000 ft; however, the rate s not sgnfcant WADC TE Alttude Tests. Can apply except that 8000 ft s suffcent. A test at 10,000 ft would only be requred for a few specfc tems. Operaton at mnus 65 F need apply only to unsheltered equpment ntended for Arctc and Subarctc use. The low temperature ^3^aSg;gaBgB5!1SSe»S3g^^

14 - ~"-"- - - lmt for unsheltered equpment ntended for temperate zone use should bs mnus 25 C 'F and that for sheltered equpment should be 32 F Can apply to ar transportable tems except for operaton of equpment. Not sgnfcant. Not sgnfcant. SECTON V SALT SPRAY Requrements Can apply Can apply to unsheltered equpment. SECTON V VBRATON Requrements Can apply Vbraton Tests. Not sgnfcant. Not sgnfcant.

15 A n n 3. J.O Not sgnfcant Not sgnfcant Not sgnfcant. 4 Pf 0 Can apply. m Not sgnfcant Not sgnfcant Can apply Not sgnfcant. 4.7,11 Not sgnfcant. NOTE; Vbraton tests should be desgned for ground support equpment whch wll be realstc and smulate condtons n servce. SECTON V FUNGUS Requrements O.J..U Vs c U^p- jf * Fungus Resstance Tests. Can be appled to sheltered and unsheltered equpment contanng nutrent materal whch s ntended for most tropc use. - WADC TR

16 SECTON V SUNSHNE 3,1.7 Can appjy. T'ea Procedures Sunshne Tests. Can be appled to unsheltered equpment contanng materal subject to deteroraton by lght except that 85 to 105 watts per square foot, 50% wavelengths above 7000 angstrom unts and 6% below 4000 angstrom unts wth test chamber temperature mantaned at 125 F s would be more realstc. SECTON vm RAN Requrements Can apply Ran Tests Can apply to unsheltered equpment. NOTE: A twenty-four hour ran cyc-5 test smlar to Tv:TT.-STD-2G. June 1953 can apply to equpment not expected to wthstand the mmerson Test. WADC TR

17 SECTON X ^~...LV«^. Mlle UV^)J Requrements Can apply ,11.2 Sand and Dust Tests. Can apply to unsheltered equpment ntended for use n areas where sand and dust are a problem. For ground support equpment t would be more realstc to specfy a tetst at 25 C (77 F) lor 12 hours wth operaton of equpment optonal, or the choce of a second procedure to test at 71 C (160 F) tor 12 hours wth operaton optonal. Not sgnfcant n vew of the above comments. SECTON X Requrements Requrements should be entered for check on leak proof desgn. 4,12 mmerson Tests. Can apply as a check on leak proof desgn. WADC TR

18 SECTON X Requrements o 1 r» Can apply. "esl Procedures 4, Exploson-Proof Tests. Not sgnfcant. Not sgnfcant. NOTE; Tests should be defgned to determne that ground support equpment, both sheltered and unsheltered, ntended for use n and about fuelng and other danger areas, wll nether create nor gnte ar explosve gas mxture. SECTON XJ TEMPERATURE -ALTTUDE Requrements Not sgnncant. Temperature-Alttude Tests Net sgnfcant -L

19 SECTON xm ACCELERATON AND SHOCK p Requrements! * Can apply Shock Tests Not sgnfcant Not sgnfcant Not sgnfcant Not sgnfcant ,3 Not sgnfcant. NOTE: Tests should be desgned to determne that the tem cr the packaged tem wll wthstand handlng and shpment by ral,, motor van. ar cargo and ar drop where applcable. tems whch are traler or van mounted should wthstand a road nduced shock test whch would depend upon the most rugged terran lkely to be encountered. Tests should also be desfrn^d whch would smulate shocks lable to occur durng servcng and overhaul. A bench handlng test smlar to Method overhauled on work benches. Addtonal test procedures whch would evaluate performance under rapdly appled loads at temperatures down to mnus 65 F should be desgned for unsheltered equpment ntended for Arctc and Subarctc use Acceleraton Tests 4.16,1 Not sgnfcant Not scnfcant. V. V/ADC TR

20 ' SECTON XV BLOWNG SNOW AND SNOW LOAD Requrements Kequrenets should be added for blowng snow and snow load. Blowng Snow Tests. 1 \ Tests should be desgned to determne that unsheltered equpment, ntended for Arctc and Subarctc use. wll wthstand blowng Snow penetraton, smulatng condtons of ML-STD- 210, 1 June Snow Load Test. Tests should be desgned to determne that unsheltered equpment, ntended for Arctc and Subarctc use ; wll wthstand snow load, smulatng condtons of ML-STD-210, 1 Jure : 1 WADC TR

21 4 CONCLUSONS Specfcaton ML-E-5272 has Uttle f any applcaton n relaton to sheltered ground support equpment because the test procedures are too elaborate and the extremes are too severe. Specfcaton ML-E-5272 has lmted applcaton to unsheltered ground support equpment because the test procedures are prmarly desgned to evaluate arborne equpment. «Practcally all of the tests whch can apply to unsheltered equpment would requre some modfcaton. Rather than applyng a test procedure, to whch exceptons and modfcatons must be made, t s more desrable to wrte a new specfcaton whch wll evalv»at? sheltered and unsheltered ground support equpment. j.j :"! WADC n t x.

22 -...- #fc n ' ' :J lrmed Servces! echnca! ntormaton Hga Because of our lmted supply, you are requested to return ths copy WHEN T HAS SER"V S* YOUR PURPOSE so that t may be made avalable to other requesters. Yoar cooperaton wll be apprecated : 'V V. : ;.18 NOTCE: WHEN GOVERNMENT OR OTHER DRAWNGS. SPECFCATONS OR OTHER DAT ARE USED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN N CONNECTON WTH A DEFNTELY RE L; ^ *! GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT OPERATON, THE U. S. GOVERNMENT THEREBY NCUHS NO RESPONSBLTY, NOR ANY OBLGATON WHATSOEVER; AND THE FACT THAT THE GOVERNMENT MAY HAVE FORMULATED. FURNSHED, OR N ANY WAY SUPPLED TH* SAD DRAWNGS, SPECFCATONS, OR OTHER DATA S NOT TO BE REGARDED BY MPLCATON OR OTHERWSE AS N ANY MANNER LCENSNG THE HOLDER OR ANY C>TE PERSON OR CORPORATON, OR CONVEYNG ANY RGHTS OR PERMSSON TO MANUFACT n USE OR SELL ANY PATENTED NVENTON THAT "MAY N ANY WAY BE RELATED THERE $ ; S >m =5 Reproduced by BOCUBSEHT SERVCE CENTER Ell <