MT - GEOGRAPHY - (73) - SEMI PRELIM - I : PAPER - 6

Transcription

1 08 00 MT MT - GEOGRAPHY - (73) - SEMI PRELIM - I : PAPER - 6 Time : Hours (Model Answer Paper) Max. Marks : 0 Q.. Fill in the blank choosing the correct alternative : (a) In India, there has been a slight increase in the sex ratio, after 99. (b) Slash and burn agriculture is also called Roka (roca) in Brazil. (c) The economy of Brazil is mainly dependent on the tertiary activities there. (d) The earlier settlements in Brazil were formed by settlers from Europe, mainly in coastal areas. Q.. Match the correct pairs : (a) Equatorial forests Amazon River Basin (b) Grasslands forests Pampas (c) Swampy Lands Pantanal (d) Hot deciduous forests Escarpment Q.3. (A) Answer in one sentence : (Any ) (a) Condors, parrots, macaws and flamingoes are found in the Brazilian skies. (b) Sex ratio means the number of females per 000 males in a region. (c) Petroleum, machines, pearls and precious stones, gold and silver, paper, medicines, etc. are India's import items. Q.3. (B) Name the following : (a) Tribal part of Madhya Pradesh, Himalayan slopes, West and South Rajasthan, Land with the uneven topography. (b) Pau Brasil, rubber, mahogany, rosewood and variety of orchids

2 Q.. (A) On an outline map of Brazil fill the given information and make a legend : (Any )

3 Q.. (B) Read the map of India given and answer the questions given below : (Any ) (a) Goa in South India has the highest percentage of urban population. (b) Himachal Pradesh, Bihar, Assam, Odisha are the states in North India with an urban population of less than 0%. (Write any ) (c) Gujarat, Maharashtra, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Mizoram are the states with urban population of between %-60%. (Write any ) (d) Urbanisation in Delhi is 8% - 00%. (e) There is a difference of about 0% between Odisha and Telangana's urbanisation. (f) Goa, Puducherry, Daman & Diu, Lakshadweep have 6%-80% urbanisation. (Write any of the Union Territory) Q.5. Give geographical reasons : (Any 3) (a) (i) Wildlife in both India and Brazil are decreasing due to illegal smuggling of wild animals, slash and burn agriculture (roka), deforestation, pollution etc. (ii) Various types of pollution in both the countries have threatened the lives of many of the species. (iii) It is important to conserve the biodiversity for everyone s benefit and for the benefit of future generations. Hence there is a need for conservation of forests in both Brazil and India. (b) (i) India occupies.% land area of the world and supports 7.5% of the world's total population. (ii) Brazil occupies 5.6% of land area of the world and supports.75% of the world's total population. (iii) Average density of population in India is about 38 persons per sq. km. (0 census). (iv) While average density of population in Brazil is around 3 persons per sq. km. (00 census). (v) Brazil's population is lesser than India, and it occupies a larger land area than India. So, the per capita land availability is more in Brazil as compared to India. (c) (i) India is the second most populous country in the world, with a population of around crores (according to census 0). (ii) India occupies only.% of the land area of the world, but it supports 7.5% of the world s population. (iii) Thus India has less percent of world's land and high percent of world's population.

4 (iv) Hence, India s average population density is high i.e. 38 persons per sq. km. (as per the Census 0). (d) (i) The thick equatorial rainforest zones are in the north-east. (ii) The climate here is unhealthy and unfit for settlement. (iii) There are limitations on use and exploitation of natural resources. (iv) Transport facilities are very poor in the region due to poor infrastructural facilities. (v) In the North-East Brazil lies the 'Drought Quarilateral' which has poor rainfall and racks any kind of cultivation. So, settlements are sparse in north eastern Brazil. Q.6. (A) Draw a multiple bar graph based on the following statistical information and answer the following questions : 6 PCI of India, Brazil Scale : cm = US $ BRAZIL INDIA Per Capita Income (in US $) Years

5 (a) Per Capita Income = Total Population Total Income (b) In 000, Brazil's Per Capita Income was approximately US $ (c) The difference between India and Brazil's PCI is about approximately US $ 7,60 in the year 06. ( = US $ 7,60) OR Q.6. (B) Study the following graph and answer the questions based on it : (Any 3) (a) This graph is known as population pyramid. It is also known as Age-Sex Pyramid. (b) The graph depicts the age and sex of the population in Brazil and India, we can also know the percentage of various age groups of males and females in this country. (c) India has more proportion of children while Brazil has more propotion of people above 80 years. (d) The country which is being referred to is Brazil. A larger percentage of Brazil's population falls in the above 60 years age group as compared to India, so it is said that Brazil's population is getting slowly older. (e) The proportion of youth is more in India. This means India has a higher working population. (f) The percentage of male population in 0- age group is about 5% whereas the percentage of female population in the same age group is over %. Q.7. Answer the following in detail : (Any ) (a) (i) Human settlements in specific locations depend on various factors like climate, availability of water, topography level of employment and the development. (ii) In India nucleated human settlements are found in the Ganga River Basin of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, because of the flat fertile plains, abundance of water, favourable climate and growth of agriculture and industries. (iii) Dispersed settlement are found in Himalayan slopes, eastern and southern Rajasthan because of uneven topography unfavourable climate and lack of development. (iv) In Brazil, nucleated settlements are found in Sao Paulo, Southern Coastal Brazil, due to nearness to the oceans, fertile soil, availability of natural minerals line iron ore, steady power supply and good transportation system. (v) Dispersed settlements are found in Northern Brazil due to the inaccessible forests in Amazon River Basin, unhealthy climate,

6 limitations on use of natural resources and poor transport connectivity. Scattered settlements are also found in the drought region of Caatinga. (b) Climate and population distribution are closely interreleted. A temperature and rainfall, the two elements of climate greatly influence the population consentration. (i) Unfavourable hot and humid climate, heavy rainfall, inaccessibility and dense forests are the barriers to the development of human settlement in the interiors of the Amazon basin in Brazil. (ii) Similarly the north-eastern states in India also have a low population due to the same factors metioned above. (iii) In the northernmost part of Jammu & Kashmir, population is hardly seen in the snow covered regions due to extremely cold climatic conditions. (iv) Due to meagre rainfall and extreme climatic conditions settlements are lesser and sparse in the westernmost part of India in the Thar desert region of Rajasthan. (v) Similiarly due to high temperature and low rainfall population is low in the north eastern part of Brazilian Highlands. (vi) The coastal plains of Brazil and the northern plain as well as the coastal plains of India are densely populated due to mild climate and moderate rainfall. (c) (i) A greater diversity in wildlife is found in Brazil than any other country in the world. (ii) In the swampy areas of the Pantanal, huge anacondas are found. (iii)) In Brazil, guinea pigs, crocodiles, alligators, monkeys, pumas, leopards, etc are found. (iv) Among the fish varieties, mainly swordfish are found in the seas, while pink dolphins and piranhas are found in the rivers. (v) Condors which are huge in size and fly high in the sky, various types of parrots, macaws, and flamingoes are the major birds found here. (vi) Millions of insect varieties are also found here. (d) Similarities in the fishing activities in Brazil and India (i) Long Coastline : Both Brazil and India have a long coastline of about 700 kms and 7500 kms respectively which is favourable for fishing activities. (ii) Important for the Economy : Fishing is important for the economies in both the countries as it helps in a augmenting food supply, raising nutritional levels, generating employment and earning foreign exchange.

7 (iii) Marine Fishing : In both the countries, marine fishing has well developed. Differences in the fishing activities in Brazil and India (i) Types of Fishing : Marine fishing and inland fishing are the two types of fishing Brazil undertakes marine fishing on a large scale Inland fishing is not developed, even though large numbers of rivers are there in Brazil. In India, marine fishing contributes to 0% of its total annual fish production and inland fishing contributes 60% of its total annual fish production. (ii) Major Fishes : In Brazil, swordfish, shrimps, lobsters and sardines are mainly caught. The major fishes in India's western coast are sardines, mackerel, Bombay Duck and prawns. On the eastern coast horse mackerels, clupeids and silver bellies are mainly caught.