River Valley Civilizations Egypt. Page 1 of 12

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1 River Valley Civilizatins Egypt Page 1 f 12

2 Ancient Page 2 f 12 Egypt Use the bk pages 28, 34, 73, & 85 t help find these areas. Label the fllwing n the map: Upper Egypt Lwer Egypt Mt. Sinai (use symbl) Nile Delta Western Sahara Desert Eastern Sahara Desert Alexandria Memphis Thebes Nubia Kush Empire Nile River (Identify the directin the Nile flws) Jrdan River Valley Red Sea Mediterranean Sea First Cataract (use symbl) Clr the fllw: All waterways Blue Banks f the Nile Green The Nile Delta Green

3 Vcabulary Terms List Ancient Egypt Term Definitin Drawing r Picture Nile River Page 3 f 12 delta cataract Upper Egypt Lwer Egypt Thecracy pharah Menes pyramids mummificatin hierglyphics papyrus Old Kingdm Middle Kingdm New Kingdm

: a brad, marshy triangular area f land frmed by depsits f at the muth f the river. Early Steps t Civilizatin By B.C.E. the peple f the Nile Valley were frming a sciety. 3000 B.C.E. they develped writing, sacred carving in Greek.

4 Intr t Egypt Page 4 f 12 Gegraphy 4,100 miles lng, flws nrthward Every year in July the river leaving behind rich sil. The Nile is the river in the! Frbidden Deserts n either side f the Nile = : pint n the Nile River where jagged granite cliffs and bulders turn the river int churning. : a brad, marshy triangular area f land frmed by depsits f at the muth f the river. Early Steps t Civilizatin By B.C.E. the peple f the Nile Valley were frming a sciety B.C.E. they develped writing, sacred carving in Greek. The Egyptians als wrte n paper made frm. Egypt Unites In the beginning, Egypt was separated int tw kingdms: Egypt Egypt King Menes Established a capital, Established first Egyptian Unites and Egypt United lwer and upper Egypt and wre a crwn that symblized its Pharahs Egyptian kings = The Egyptians viewed their pharahs the same as the WERE Std as center f religin as well as gvernment and army Type f Gvernment =

Religin Page 5 f 12 2,000 gds and gddesses Built huge t hnr gds Believed in Egyptian gds : gd f the : sun gd wuld merge with later : gd f light : gddess, represented ideal mther and wife; the f Egypt

patrn gd f lst suls and the helpless Met the Pharahs at the f the afterlife Mummificatin Peple f all classes planned fr their burials, s that they might safely reach the.

5 Religin Page 5 f 12 2,000 gds and gddesses Built huge t hnr gds Believed in Egyptian gds : gd f the : sun gd wuld merge with later : gd f light : gddess, represented ideal mther and wife; the f Egypt Gd f the : Osiris weighed the heart f the dead persn had t be lighter than a (r the Devurer f Suls wuld punce n the heart and eat it) Anubis is the Egyptian gd f and the afterlife as well as the patrn gd f lst suls and the helpless Met the Pharahs at the f the afterlife Mummificatin Peple f all classes planned fr their burials, s that they might safely reach the. Ryal and elite Egyptians bdies were preserved by mummificatin, which invlves and drying the crpse t prevent it frm. Filled the tmb with items the dead persn culd use in the afterlife, such as, fd, csmetics, and. Many Egyptians purchased that cntained hymns,, and magic spells intended t guide the sul in the afterlife. This cllectin f texts is knwn as the. Trade By 3200 BCE, were trading with the Als traded up and dwn the Nile

Scial Very different frm the city-states f Page 6 f 12 Egypt s united kingdm allwed High degree f cntinuity (staying the same) Intellectual Develped writing = writing system Develped written numbers

6 Scial Very different frm the city-states f Page 6 f 12 Egypt s united kingdm allwed High degree f cntinuity (staying the same) Intellectual Develped writing = writing system Develped written numbers fr recrding taxes, Achievements Knwledge in = skillful engineers Egyptian Architects first t use clumns in hmes, palaces and temples 12 mnth, 365 day calendar frm studying the S accurate it was nly ff frm calendar year Rsetta Stne Written in three different languages Demtic Egyptian Ancient A French fficer uncvered the Rsetta stne in Egypt in. Jean Francis Champllin translated the stne in.

7 United Kingdm In early Egypt there were tw kingdms. In 3100 B.C.E. united the tw kingdms. Egyptian histry is divided int 4 eras; The Kingdm the Kingdm the Kingdm the Perid Talk abut this later Old Kingdm BCE, The Old Kingdm, smetimes called the greatest time in Egyptian histry. Als called the because the greatest pyramids were built during this perid. The Pharahs pwer in BCE which ended the Old Kingdm. Middle Kingdm 2000 B.C.E. - A strng grup f united Egypt again. The Middle Kingdm ended arund B.C.E. due t rivalries fr pwer. Queen ( B.C.E.), was the first cnfirmed ruler f Egypt In 1650 B.C.E. the cnquered Egypt using drawn carts. The Hykss ruled lwer Egypt fr years. The New Kingdm B.C.E. The pharahs used as their capital city Largest and f the kingdms The era f the pharahs This is the era that King ruled during Page 7 f 12

8 Nile River Valley Page 8 f 12 Gegraphy Nile River Scial Classes Natural Prtectin Regular Flding WORD BANK fr THIS SIDE Slaves cataract Sahara Desert Irrigatin canals nn-rigid delta Peasants and labrers transprtatin Upper class harvest cycle Middle Class Lwer Class ryalty and pharahs Sciety Landwners, gvernment fficials and priests Cnquered Peple

9 Nile River Valley Page 9 f 12 Rulers Plytheistic Thecracy Mummificatin Pictgrams Hrus White Crwn Early Gemetry WORD BANK fr THIS SIDE Pharah hierglyphics number system Upper Kingdm Lwer Kingdm medicine Afterlife pyramid 1st Egyptian dynasty Osiris ka Ra red crwn calendars Achievements Culture papyrus

10 Egypt Crsswrd Page 10 f Acrss 4. a waterfall r stretch f rapids in a river 7. the spreading f ideas r prducts frm ne culture t anther 9. a marshy regin frmed by depsits f silt at the muth f a river Dwn 1. an ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used t represent ideas and sunds 2. a tall reed that grws in the Nile delta, used by the ancient Egyptians t make a paper like material fr writing n 3. a massive structure with a rectangular base and fur triangular sides, like thse that were built in Egypt as burial places fr Old Kingdm pharahs 5. a prcess f embalming and drying crpses t prevent them frm decaying 6. a king f ancient Egypt, cnsidered a gd as well as a plitical and military leader 8. A gvernment in which the ruler is viewed as a divine figure r (a gvernment cntrlled by religius leaders)

11 Egypt Timeline Page 11 f 12 Find the fllwing dates in yu textbk & put them in rder n a timeline. Fr each date yu als must include a picture f the event as well as a ne-sentence explanatin. The events belw are nt in rder... YOU must figure ut the rder and place them crrectly n the timeline. Sme dates will verlap Creatin f the pyramids Date Egyptians live in farming villages Date Old Kingdm Date Egypt cmes int cntact with Mesptamia (begins trading) Date Menes unites the upper and lwer kingdms Date The Hykss rule much f Egypt Date Middle Kingdm Date Egypt travels t Nubia and Kush t trade in search f gld, ivry, cattle Date *** D NOT glue this in yur ntebk***

12 Egypt Timeline Page 12 f B.C.E B.C.E. 3100B.C.E B.C.E B.C.E B.C.E.

Chapter 4 : Ancient Egypt and Kush

Chapter 4 : Ancient Egypt and Kush Chapter 4 Section 1 Geography and Ancient Egypt The Nile River is the most important thing in Egypt. The Nile is the longest river in the world. It stretches about 4000