NATIONAL TOURISM GUIDE

Transcription

1 NATIONAL TOURISM GUIDE AGROTURISM IN COTOPAXI AND TUNGURAHUA PROVINCES BY VERÓNICA LISETH LLIVE TITUAÑA QUITO ECUADOR APRIL 2015

2 TOURISM NATIONAL GUIDE AGROTURISM IN COTOPAXI AND TUNGURAHUA PROVINCES WORK DEGREE FOR OBTAINING PROFESSIONAL DEGREE AS: TOURISM NATIONAL GUIDE AUTHOR: VERONICA LISETH LLIVE TITUAÑA QUITO- ECUADOR APRIL 2015

3 AGROTURISM IN COTOPAXI AND TUNGURAHUA PROVINCES AUTHOR: VERÓNICA LISETH LLIVE TITUAÑA APPROVED BY: Signature: Signature: Professional guide: Carlos Andrade Tutor: Sergio Lasso Signature: English teacher: César Cacuango Signature: Career Coordinator: Mariamparo Moreno

4 GRATEFULNESS To God for giving me his blessings and has filled me with his strength to overcome all the obstacles that I have found in my way. Also I thank to my family, especially to my father and my mother for all effort, sacrifice, all the love and the unconditional support in every moments of my life. I want to express my gratitude to my siblings, friends and teachers who are helping me to finish one of my goals. Veronica

5 DEDICATORY This important work goes firstly to God who has always given me strength to carry on and especially to my father and my mother, because without their support I could not have finished my career. Also to my siblings Roberto and Cinthya who have helped me always in each step of my life and my little Bingo, this work goes with all my love for them. I want to dedicate this work to all people who gave me the moral support especially to my friends who have accompanied me in every important moments of my life. Veronica

6 EJECUTIVE SUMMARY Agrotourism takes its name from the two words agro = field and tourism = displacement of people so it means the displacement of people to the field. Agrotourism is a form of rural tourism that combines the temporary hospitality of the guests who are attracted by cultivated landscapes and traditional and agropecuary activities. Users of this service are motivated by knowing the productive techniques, part of country life, and learn about the history, culture and customs of the area. Examples of agrotourism include: participating in a harvest of fruits, the milking a cow, participate in processes typical gastronomy as making cheese, honey, jams, wines from materials collected by the tourists themselves. Agrotourism in Ecuador In Ecuador agrotourism is a new offer where people can be in contact with the nature through agricultural activities which are very amazing for foreigners. Tourists can learn about this activities and the richness of the land and the weather. There are places where the agrotourism is being developed such as haciendas, farms, indigenous communities, etc. The agricultural potential is thankful for its Ecuador s soils depending on its degree of evolution in every region, its landscape, its climate but we have to consider other factors such as wind, water, rainfall, solar intensity. In the Cotopaxi and Tungurahua provinces there are different kinds of crops and cattle that provide products not only these provinces but also to all Ecuador and other regions like the coast even in international markets. In Cotopaxi province people cultivate corn; potatoes, wheat, barley and quinoa are the staple food of most of the population. Also there are crops of onion sticks, melloco, broad bean, artichoke and firstly broccoli, people export this green vegetable especially to the United States, Japan and Germany. 1

7 The food from Tungurahua is based in some agricultural products from the zone like tubercles, vegetables and grains, the main crops are wheat, barley, corn, potatoes, oats, tomatoes and onion. Also there are big variety of fruits like apples, peaches, membrillos, reinaclaudias, grapes and some others. It is amazing to find in one province a lot of vegetables crops and in another province very near not only vegetables but also a lot of fruit crops Crop rotation in the mountains helps to preserve fertility soil with products as tuber, grass and vegetables. It is an ancient practice that has been successful as well as cultivation in terraces on slopes helping water runoff. Livestock is also very important because it provides milk to the most important dairy factories in Ecuador, mainly in the Machachi area and the Cotopaxi and Tungurahua provinces, people can see kinds of cattle like bovine, ovine and porcine, here it is important not only the milk production but also the production of meat, leather and wool. 2

8 INTRODUCTION The tour will provide you the knowledge about the development of the agrotourism in the Cotopaxi and Tungurahua Provinces. Ecuador is an exceptional country in natural resources. The variety weather and the specific location, gives the result of the biggest biodiversity in the planet. Considering that the equator line crosses the country and hence its name. General Characteristics of Ecuador Ecuador is located in the middle of the world; Quito is the capital of Ecuador. The official language is Spanish and there are other languages spoken by indigenous people such as kichwa. The currency is American dollar used since the year Ecuador isn t a large country, but it has four worlds divide per regions with different and amazing characteristics: the coast region, the beaches offer a lot of attractions for everyone. In the Ecuadorian coast there are mangles, a unique ecosystem, where a variety of species are found. The highlands region shows an extensive mosaic of corn, potatoes and grains fields, bathed by icy waters from the volcanoes, some of them are actives like Tungurahua and Cotopaxi. The Amazon region or jungle of Ecuador, part of the biggest lung in the world, there are a variety of flora and fauna. The scientific expeditions made to the Ecuadorian Oriente have shown the quality of a lot of vegetables and animal species to control de human sickness 1 Finally Galapagos is a natural paradise, like nowhere else in the world, the islands are enchanted. It is a Natural Heritage of humanity with unique wildlife in the world 2 It is important to mention the characteristics of the Andes region due to this field book is about the Agroturism in the Cotopaxi and Tungurahua provinces which are part of this region. The Andes present in Ecuador three branches, the two big ones known as Occidental and Oriental, and the third formed by small cordilleras of Condor, Cutucu 1 Ecuador in the middle of the world Guía Turística Quito- Ecuador. Pp

9 and Napo Galeras, that are located in front of the east Andes named as the Ecuadorian Amazonia. Here there are fertile valleys, cover by the rivers that goes down from the snowy Andes mountains. The variety of micro-climates and the diversity of the ecological floors will determine the huge and variety Ecuadorian production for example the tropical fruits and sugar reed from hot weather, vegetables and corn from warm weather, wheat, barley, potatoes and grass from cold weather. The Paramos are long areas that bring the opportunity to work on the grass 3 DEFINITION In Ecuador there are different kinds of tourism where people can visit attractions about the route that they choose such as: extreme sports, cultural tourism and so on, but one of them is the agrotourism, it is a new offer where people can be in contact with the nature through agricultural activities which are very amazing for foreigners. A lot of haciendas or indigenous communities have developed especially in Cotopaxi and Tungurahua provinces, this kind of tourism where guests can share with people of the zone and learn about the field, crops, the milking and breeding of bovine, ovine and porcine cattle. JUSTIFICATION The agrotourism is important because tourists can know the agricultural richness of the Cotopaxi and Tungurahua provinces which supply of green vegetable, fruits, milk and meat to the most places in Ecuador even to international markets. It is important to know new places about agrotourism where people still doing artisanal agricultural activities that forefathers handed down to their sons or the new generations, especially in the indigenous culture. In this way the agricultural and touristic activities are being developed by farmer and ranchers. 3 Ecuador in the middle of the world Guía Turística Quito- Ecuador. Pp. 5 4

10 OBJECTIVES General Objective To make tourists know the importance of agrotourism in the Cotopaxi and Tungurahua provinces through the visiting to fields, haciendas, and indigenous communities dedicated to the agriculture, cattle, and artisanal activities of each town, using own products of the zone. Specific Objectives To make tourists taste typical dishes in the different tourism attraction in the route. To enjoy a delicious ice- cream in Salcedo, also know the story and preparation about of this famous ice-cream. To give information about Pillaro and to make tourists know the development of agrotourism in this canton. To make tourists know new places where people are developing the agrotourism through artisanal processes 5

11 TOURIST ATTRACTIONS QUITO It is located at 2.800m.a.s.l, approximately. It is 40 kilometers long and 7 kilometers wide, its temperature is between 10 and 25ºC. It is the capital of Ecuador, the most accepted theory reports that its name comes from the languages Safiqui, "Qui", meaning half and "To", meaning earth. So the word Quito, translates as: "Land in the Middle of the World". Quito has 2.5 million inhabitants; it is the second largest and populated city in the country after Guayaquil city. Quito was declared as the first world Cultural Heritage site by UNESCO on September 18th in 1978, it was founded on December 6th, 1534 by the Spaniard Sebastian de Benalcazar. There are two seasons, rainy and dry. Quito's summer lasts about four months, from June to September and the rainy from October to May, but during this period the weather has a lot of variations Mariscal Sucre or Occidental Avenue This avenue takes the name of: Antonio José de Sucre was one of the heroes of Latin American independence, he was a marshal of the troops who fought for our independence; he got fundamental victories to free the continent from Spaniards. Condado We are in the Condado neighborhood inhabited by families of middle and upper class who were attracted by the wide range of elegant and exclusive residential neighborhoods. It is an important commercial site, here is the "Condado Shopping", which is a modern and luxurious mall with exclusive shops of big brands, prestigious restaurants and entertainment places. 6

12 Carcelén It is known as "The New North". It began to be populated in 1980, it is divided in Carcelén Bajo (Low Carcelén) and Carcelén Alto (High Carcelén), the sector grew rapidly and soon joined the city limits of Quito between 1995 and Carcelén Bajo is an industrial zone and some groups of families of lower middle class and poor; while Carcelén Alto is occupied by the middle class. The huge community park has gotten commercial importance that serves as a supply center for the industry and people do not have to travel long distances to shop. Also here there are San Francisco Hospital of Quito and the Inter province Carcelén terminal. Eloy Alfaro Avenue When Quito began to grow, the city authorities realized that it needed more streets and avenues to get a better traffic. So Eloy Alfaro Avenue was built, it was considered a major artery to reach the north of the city, it starts in the south on 10 de Agosto Avenue and it ends in Carcelén north with a length of meters 4. Eloy Alfaro He was an Ecuadorian Military and a politician. He was leader of radical liberalism, who was president of the republic in 1895 and 1906 periods. Also he was known for supporting women's rights and secular education. Simón Bolívar Avenue It is the longest way in the city, it is 42 kilometers long approximately, connects the north, south and valleys that surround Quito. Its name is due to the Venezuelan officer who led our troops against the imperialism; he founded the Great Colombia and was one of the leading figures of American Emancipation

13 He contributed decisively to the independence of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru and Venezuela. This Avenue, also is called Oriental for its location, it goes from Carapungo (North) to Tambillo (South), the two limits are near the Terrestrial Terminals. This avenue was built to avoid the traffic in the city and it has helped us to move from North to South faster. Pico y Placa Law One of the problems he has had Quito is the excess traffic, for that reason the laws were regulate, pico y placa law consists in From 7:00 to 9:30 and from 16:00 to 19:30 will not flow cars and motorcycles whose last digit of the plate ends in: Monday: 1 and 2 Tuesday: 3 and 4 Wednesday: 5 and 6 Thursday: 7 and 8 Friday: 9 and 0 Police takes control on roads; people who do not respect this law will have a sanction. Panamericana Way This way is a road system nearly 25,800 kilometers long. Panamericana way begins in the north in Alaska and finishes in Argentine. The section that prevents connecting highway completely is a path of 87 km called the Darien Gap. The highway is cut into Yaviza - Panama and Lomas Aisladas in Colombia, after continues to South America. In Ecuador, it begins at Rumichaca international bridge that is the border between Ecuador and Colombia. It is named Troncal de la Sierra (E35) and the principal provinces that it passes by are: Carchi, Imbabura, Pichincha, Cotopaxi, Tungurahua, Chimborazo, Cañar, Azuay and Loja. In Ecuador ends in the international bridge in Macara and continues to the south. Panavial is an Ecuadorian Company which began its work in It is part of the Herdoiza Guerrero Group, some companies are part of this group that are dedicated to building work, maintenance and road signs. 8

14 TAMBILLO Tambillo comes from the word Tambo that means place to rest or it is known like the door of entrance or exit of Quito. The center of Tambillo is a small station where people rest when they travel to the coast region or central highlands region. It has inhabitants; most of them are dedicated to the small business, agriculture, livestock and major crops as corn and potatoes. The main tourist attraction is the train station that was restored, for that reason people can see the rail crossing in the Panamericana highway. ALÒAG Alóag is one of the oldest parishes in this Canton, for its strategic location has become a town center, this is the crossing point between the two regions, Coast and Highlands. In effect the road to Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas and Panamericana South crosses in this place. People live from agriculture and livestock. The main products are corn, beans, potatoes, mellocos, peas, carrots, beets, lettuce, among others. In addition to these crops, there are vast fields of grass for livestock consumption. Another source of income for the habitants is the work provided in factories settled in this town; there are 13 dairy factories. Currently, in this parish people prepared allullas or manjar de leche. 5 ATAHUALPA MILITARY HEAD QUARTER School and Specialized Services of the Army; it permits efficient and effective military performance. 1,000 students finish their career to serve the country

15 MACHACHI It is located in the south of Quito; it is from the Mejia canton. In Machachi there are about inhabitants, it is well known because it has a good agricultural and cattle production, and also for its thermal fountains in Tesalia, where there are some pools, so you can know the mineral waters called Guiting, here you can find the thermal waters of the Pichincha province. In July you can enjoy the Paseo del Chagra, that are one of the most important festivities in the sector. A man on a horse with good skills in the rodeo, he is the principal actor. The Paseo del Chagra It is one show that had its origin in Machachi as a remembrance of the eruption of the Cotopaxi volcano in It is a procesional parade in honor to El Señor de la Santa Escuela. In the last eruption, people tried to reach the highest lands, and never worried about the animals. The cattle especially, looked for protection. After the event, people tried to recover their animals and went to collect them. This is the reason why this town celebrates this parade. The cow boy wears chaps, striped ponchos, scarves and hats, ride decorated horses and demonstrate their skills. MACHACHI TOLL We have to pass two tolls for arriving to Tungurahua province. The rates are authorized by the Ministry of Transport and Public Works. Panavial has 9 stations along the highway. It is open 24 hours. The daily use of pathways generates a steady declining; so, they need constant maintenance. These expenditures are financed through tolls, the collected money is used to maintain the roads in excellent condition in order to provide users more comfort, safety and time saving while moving from one place to another

16 LOS ILLINIZAS ECOLOGICAL RESERVE The Ilinizas Ecological Reserve was created on December 11, 1996 and has an area of 149,900 hectares; it is located in the provinces of Cotopaxi, Pichincha and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. Its altitude ranges from 800 m to 5263 on the highest peak; this variation makes it one of the richest ecosystems in Ecuador. There are some entrances that take you to the limits or to the inside of the reserve. The Illinizas are the highest elevations in the reserve and together with Quilotoa lake constitutes the principal attraction. The north pick is less high and easy to climb, but the south one is a serious challenge even for the expert climbers. Snow and ice demand good techniques for going up. To go to the shelter you have to take a little road that begins in the Panamericana highway, on the Machachi sector and takes you to Chaupi town. town. There is a second entrance from the Panamericana highway, close to Lasso COTOPAXI PROVINCE Map 1.Cantons of Cotopaxi Fuente 1: 11

17 Capital: Latacunga Population: inhabitants according the last census in 2010 Surface: square km2. Cotopaxi volcano gives the name to the province and it is divided in 7 cantons: La Maná, Sigchos, Pamgua, Pujilí, Saquisilí, Latacunga and San Miguel de Salcedo. The economy: is based on the agriculture and cattle and also manufactures. There are industries such as: Food, beverages, metal, wood, milk, etc. The weather: It varies very humid temperate, rainy moor, humid tropical according to the region, its temperature is between 12 and 17 C. Hydrography: The main river is the Cutuchi River; it is the result of the union of the Manzanahuayco River and the Rumiñahui River. CATTLE AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION Agriculture: In Cotopaxi province people cultivate corn; potatoes, wheat, barley and quinoa are the staple food of most of the population. Also there are crops of onion, melloco, broad bean, artichoke and firstly broccoli, people export this green vegetable especially to the United States, Japan and Germany. Wheat: The wheat crop in Ecuador has a relevant importance in the diet; from this cereal flourbread, biscuits, noodles, pastry, among others are made. There are many varieties of wheat, usually cultivated in high areas, from 2.800m.a.s.l. to 4000 meters. Quinoa: Ecuador is the third country in Latin America that export quinoa worldwide. Ecuador increased by 45% product exports between 2010 and Its main buyer is France. Broccoli: Broccoli is a very appetizing vegetable in international markets. The amount of sunlight that the crop receives makes the product has a color very green. It contains large amounts of vitamin C, folic acid and vitamin A, which are important antioxidants. Broccoli of Ecuador is mainly produced in three provinces of the Sierra: Cotopaxi; Pichincha and Imbabura, at an altitude between 2,600 and 3,300 meters above sea level. 12

18 Among the major export destinations of broccoli are the US, Japan and Germany. Also scientific researches mention qualities of broccoli for the prevention and control of cancer. The 65% of Ecuadorian broccoli is exported 7. The Livestock: It is one of the most important in the country, due to the good pasture and productive efficiency. Dairy farming is developed not only on farms located north of Province like San Agustin, La Avelina, San Sebastian, San Pedro, but also in small properties of indigenous people. Most of them have artisanal processes for milking. Holstein: In 1892 the first Holstein animals were brought by Mr. José Maria Fernandez Salvador, ancestor of Ecuadorian farmers. The Holstein Friesian association was legalized in Among who formed this group were former presidents of the republic as Isidro Ayora Cueva and Galo Plaza Lasso, among others. This breed was originated in two provinces of Holland: Frisia western and the North Holland. Holstein is the best dairy cow, its main characteristic is the color black and white although there are Holstein dark red with white, but these colors of cows are own of Holland8. PINE AND EUCALYPTUS TREES The pines and eucalyptus have been for a long time the dominant trees of the Ecuadorian Andes. There are many species of eucalyptus and pine that have been introduced to Ecuador; however Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus radiata are the most used. Pine Tree The pine was introduced by Luciano Andrade Marín into Ecuador in 1925; after the eucalyptus, this specie is the most planted tree in the Highland. It has many medicinal properties; it is used for respiratory diseases and helps to reduce the mucus in our respiratory ways. Also it is also used for furniture

19 In Ecuador, these tree plantations are located mainly in Pichincha and Cotopaxi. The first big pine plantation was carried out on the moor of Cotopaxi volcano and its use spread from the year of 1960 Eucalyptus Tree It was introduced to Ecuador in 1865, its seeds were brought from Australia by a family; they gave to Gabriel Garcia Moreno president two boxes with seeds. After receiving them, the president got in touch with two families who were owners of big farms, so these people received some of the seeds to be planted in their lands. Among the properties of eucalyptus oil include: analgesic, anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic. The infusion of adult leaves of this plant is used in several kinds of respiratory diseases: bronchitis, asthma, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, colds and flu 9. Pine and Eucalyptus Trees Benefits They are easy to grow. Easy to protect them. Tolerate sites with low internal nutrients (and therefore require little fertilizer). They are resistant to drought. Negative aspects They are trees that need much water due to they absorb water that from the ground. Erode the earth. Do not allow any other plants to grow around them. Eucalyptus leaves are waterproof so when are on the ground form a cushion and does not allow water to seep into the earth

20 VOLCANOES IN THE ROUTE Alexander Von Humboldt was a German explorer who visited Ecuador in He traveled in the central Highlands of Ecuador, flanked by some of the highest mountains and volcanoes in the western hemisphere and named it The Avenue of Volcanoes. The volcanoes that we can see are: Eastern Cordillera Cayambe: is the third highest volcano in Ecuador, it is meters above sea level (19.107ft.). It is the only volcano that is crossed by the Equator Line. Pasochoa: is an extinct caldera, it is located in the southeast of Quito, it is 4200 m.a.s.l.,( ft.) and this area is a Wildlife Refuge with 500 hectares. Rumiñahui: is 4,721m.a.s.l. ( ft.). The word means Rumiñahui: rumi = stone, ñawi = face. Sincholagua: is an extinct volcano, it is ( ft.) meters above sea level. Antisana: is located between the provinces of Napo and Pichincha, it is 5758 meters above sea level ( ft.) its last eruption took place in Cotopaxi: is the second highest in the country, with meters above sea level ( ft.) and its last eruption was in

21 Western Cordillera Ruco Pichincha: it is meters above sea level approximately (15.503ft.) Guagua Pichincha: It is meters above sea level approximately. Atacazo: There isn t activity on the volcano; it is meters above sea level approximately. Corazón: There isn t activity on the volcano; it is meters above sea level ( ft.). La Viudita: It is meters above sea level approximately. Illinizas: North Iliniza is meters above sea level and South Iliniza is meters above sea level. COTOPAXI NATIONAL PARK It is the second National Park which was created in 1979 after the Galapagos National park. It is natural reserve that share with Pichincha, Cotopaxi and Napo provinces. It has hectares of surface. In the central part is the Cotopaxi volcano, one of the highest active volcanoes in the world, to the northeast there is Rumiñahui volcano, it is another important elevation. Flora There is a flower that characterizes to this region it is the Chuquiragua or flower of the "Andinista". This plant grows to 3,400 meters above sea level. The forest is formed by woody plants and epiphytes. The diversity is important because studies of plants indicate the existence of about two hundred species of plants; among them, there are medicinal and cultivated plants, such as Pumamaqui, Mortiño and Romerillo. The plains are covered with native grass. In the areas over 4,400m.a.s.l, the vegetation is formed by liquenes and moss. 16

22 Fauna There are deer and many species of birds, found in its forests; we can see several kinds of rabbits, cervigoat, wolves, bears, tapirs, and birds like: quilicos, Andean gulls, hummingbirds, Curiquingue or (caracara), Andean condors, and so on. COTOPAXI VOLCANO This is the highest active volcano; it reaches meters high with perpetual snow in form of cone. It is the second elevation after the Chimborazo volcano. EL BOLICHE RECREATIONAL NATIONAL AREA The entrance is located on the Panamericana Highway, approximately one hour trip to the south of Quito, its area is 990 hectares. It was created in 1979 and its temperature is between 0 to 16ºC. This part of the mountains is known for being wet due to the mist that fall as permanent drizzle. Visitors should bring warm clothing due to the temperature averages 8 C, and make sure to have food and water with them as these are not available in the Recreation Area. Flora: Approximately 40% of its extension is associated with pine trees; also, there are: romerillo, chilca, chuquiragua, and so on. Fauna: There are hummingbirds, wilderness wolf, curiquingues, Andean condors, white tail deer, Andean gulls and cervigoats. LASSO The distance from Quito to Lasso is 60 km. It is a small town that belongs to Cotopaxi province where we can find nice restaurants to eat. Also can find allullas it is kind of bread with queso de hoja. 17

23 SAN JUAN DE PASTOCALLE Altitude: 3,197m.a.s.l Area: 132 sq km Population: 11,449 hab (inen). The people of Pastocalle are expressing culture through time, in the forms of ancient rudimentary work as mingas, work with oxen and their way of planting through team work Pastocalle used to celebrate religious festivities in which practiced the "Jocha" it consists to request support either grains or small animals to feed guests. The main crops of the zone are; onion stick, broad beans, potato, green vegetables, quinoa, barley, chochos. In the livestock, people breed animals such as; ovine, porcine and bovine cattle and guinea pig, rabbits, hens. This production is not only for commercialization but also for the familiar diet. LATACUNGA The city of Latacunga is located at 2,850 meters above sea level, which will determine a mild weather, sometimes windy and cold. Latacunga city has an average annual temperature of 12 C. It is the capital of the province, located in the heart of the country with inhabitants approximately. The name comes from the Kichwa word Llacata Kumka, that means the God of the waters. The foundation of this city was made by Antonio Clavijo in 1599 with the name San Vicente Martir de Latacunga. Traditional food The chugchucaras are patrimony from Latacunga city, this dish has pork, mote, toast corn, popcorn, empanadas, and some others. Mama Negra Festivity The festivity of Mama Negra is known in the capital of the province. The festivity is divided in two parts; the first is in September and it celebrates the free markets, another is in November this is the official one. These two celebrations are colorful and some typical people participate. 18

24 SALCEDO This is the canton with great agricultural and cattle production takes the name from the Agustin priest called Manuel Salcedo. It is as founded on September, 30th as San Miguel de Salcedo. The visitors love the fruit ice creams and the traditional Pinol, prepared with barley floor, cinnamon, clavo de olor and raspadura. YAMBO LAGOON Yambo Lake is located in the province of Cotopaxi; it is about 10 minutes South of Salcedo. It has an altitude of 2,600 meters above sea level. Surrounded by mountains, Yambo Lake is 1256 meters long, 300 meters wide and has a maximum depth of 25 meters. The climate is arid. Yambo is rich in nutrients, has a high algal growth and turbid water. The vegetation is dominated by small shrubs and cactus which are characteristic of the Matorral seco espinoso vegetal formation. Also there are native trees like the Molle and introduced eucalyptus trees. 19

25 TUNGURAHUA Map 2.Cantons of Tungurahua Fuente 2 : A brave and hot colossus in the centre of the Andes region and the country, one of the active volcanoes in Ecuador in eruption time, the Tungurahua watches this province that takes its name. Capital: Ambato Population inhabitants Surface: square km2 The Tungurahua province is very important in the tourism; it is a commercial center in the Sierra, Coast and Amazon regions where the principal cities are: Ambato and Baños. The economy in this province goes around the agriculture and the cattle, most livestock activities are: cattle, pork, horses, sheep and goats rising. Others like the textile industry, methal-mechanic, food, leather, shoes, and some others like rural tourism. The food from Ambato is based in some agricultural products from the zone like tubercles, vegetables and grains, the main crops are wheat, barley, corn, potatoes, oats, tomatoes and onion. In Tungurahua there are big variety of fruits like apples, peaches, membrillos, reinaclaudias, grapes and some others. 20

26 CATTLE AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION Agriculture It is the most important event in the economy of the province, about 50% of the land is used for agriculture. The variety of soils allows Tungurahua count with a diversified and abundant agricultural production especially tubers, roots, vegetables and fruits. The fruits Tungurahuia is the province of flowers and fruits. In 1985 Tungurahua provided a 55% to the Ecuadorian market and in some cases 80% of some fruits like babaco, tree tomato, claudia, peach, apple, blackberry, pear and taxo. There is a big apple production in a special way in the Ambato and Píllaro cantons. Tubers and vegetables The production of the province is between 13 and 29% of national production, in tubers and roots as: broad bean, melloco, oca and potatoes. In vegetables such as garlic, onion sticks, paiteña onion and cauliflower, production is between 20 and 48% of the total production. Livestock The province has an important livestock production but is thirteenth place nationally for the stock of cattle. The poultry industry has achieved rapid development. Small industry and handicrafts In Ambato has been developed the clothing industry, as in Pelileo. Also there is the leather industry in Ambato. In Baños has developed crafts wicker furniture and basketry. 21

27 Skilled carpenters working in Píllaro and San Miguelito while it is much appreciated in Salasaca (rugs, blankets, and clothing) crafts. Ambato has a bakery industry and has been recognized good quality "pan de Ambato", etc. 10 TUNGURAHUA VOLCANO With 5.016meters above sea level, it is a young active volcano. The slopes indicate that the geological formation hasn t finished yet. People that live around the volcano is ready familiar with the noise that comes from the volcano. Tungurahua comes from the word tungur means throat and rauray means burning so Tungurahua translates as Garganta de Fuego or Throat of Fire, also It is called by indigenous people like Mama Tungurahua. PÍLLARO It is located on the slopes of the Llanganates Mountains. The legend says that here in these mountains, the Inca Rumiñahui hid all the treasures from the Inca Atahualpa in order to defend them from the Spaniards. This is a nice worker place where you can find fruits like pears, peaches, and strawberries. The Patate valley is an agriculture centre where the principal production is the tangerine, grapes, tree tomato, babaco and some others. It is located 14 kilometers going to the northwest of Ambato, coming by the Panamericana Highway. The town was founded by the Spaniard Antonio de Clavijo in 1570, it is on meters over sea level. PATO AL LODO OF PILLARO Delicias de la Pachama is a turistic restaurant in Pillaro where people can taste the duck on mud; this in an ancestral dish, but the recipe was forgotten. The owner Angel Amores rescued this delicious dish. He has a duck hatchery 500 ducks approximately

28 Preparation Put the duck inside the mud with its feather because this is the barrier between the meat and the mud. The duck has to be cover completely and it is cooking per 4 hours in the wood oven. Finally move the mud and the duck without feather is ready to serve. This dish is special because doesn t have condiments only the minerals of the mud and the flavor of the duck. PATATE Patate has a warm climate, where one can see, traditional fruit gives this land, as are the great vineyards, plantations of tangerines, limes, avocados, babacos, tree tomato, etc. And walk through the park decorated with attractive colorful flowers and trees captivating own place, such as its colonial houses still built with adobe. The town of Patate is an ideal place for recreational and peaceful rest, from which you can arrange trips to las vegas the Patate river where a group of old farms and farms are preserved, and where wine distilleries are installed, where one you can taste five varieties of red and white wines. On February 4. There is festivity of the Señor del Terremoto, where all the people make comparsas, allegoric cars, dancers, fruits, flowers and good food. PELILEO It is an art center in the industry of clothes in wool and in a fiber called Cabuya all elaborated by Salasaca community. These are shown during the fairs on Saturdays and Sundays. It is located to 20 minutes from the city of Ambato. Today the textile industry is made in jean cloths and you can see them on Saturdays and Sundays. This industry is located all over the highway. SALASACA The town of Salasaca is located on 2900 meters above sea level. The people use the tipical clothes all elaborated in wool and it is one of the activities that come from the ancestors. The Salasacas clothes are good attraction for the tourists; it is the reason why in each house there is one workshop and some sheep. They were formed by the Mitimaes Indians brought from Bolivia during the Inca time. 23

29 AMBATO Ambato is the capital of Tungurahua Province. It is known as Tierra de las flores y las frutas (Land of flowers and fruits) because of the great diversity in products. Also it is called Tierra de los tres Juanes (Land of the three Johns), because is the cradle of the famous writers like; Juan Montalvo, Juan Leon Mera and Juan Benigno Vela. Its name comes from Hambato or Jambacho that means tadpole or black, green frog that was abundant and lived around the area. Festival of the flowers and fruits During the festival there is a international event of folcklore, artistic fairs, theater shows, dances and singing and in the traditional parade everybody participate with allegoric cars all full flowers and fruits. During the festivity there are some shows like popular shows and comparsas 11. PINLLO Bread Pinllo: Pinllo parish is famous for its bread; the secret of the flavor is in the wood oven that is used for baking it. Hens Pinllo: It is a very substantial dish of roasted chicken in a wood oven, chicken broth, and potatoes with peanut sauce. QUISAPINCHA This nice parish offers to the visitors a great variety of leather products with more than 60 stores and workshops very well established with jackets, pants, bags, hats, shoes and more articles all made out of leather. 11 Guia turística ecuador en la mitad del mundo Guía Turística Quito-Ecuador. Pp

30 ITINERARY ONE Agricultural Richness of my Land Tour It is well organized, because the distance among touristic places are short, tourists can enjoy the time. They have the necessary time for doing different activities and they will visit interesting places about agrotourism, where they will share time and activities with the community, also in the tour they can enjoy and learn about the history, natural and cultural places and the richness of my land. DAY ONE ITINERARY 06:50 Pick up UCT 07:00-08:20 Transfer to Machachi 08:20-09:20 Breakfast at Posada del Chagra Machachi 09:20-10:00 Transfer to Pastocalle 10:00-12:00 Visit Pastocalle Comunity 12:00-12:45 Transfer to Salcedo 12:45-14:00 Lunch at Imperio Real Inn 14:00-14:40 Transfer to Pillaro 14:40-17:30 Agropecuary Activities 17:30-19:00 Free Time and Dinner at Pachamama Restaurant 19:00-19:30 Transfer to Patate 19:30-20:00 Check In Viña del Rio and Briefing 25

31 DAY TWO 08:00-09:00 Breakfast at Viña del Rio 09:00-10:00 Tour around Viña del Rio 10:00-10: 45 Transfer to Salasaca 10:45-13:00 Visit Indi Wuasi Salasaca Community 13:00-14:00 Lunch at Salasaca Community END OF MY SERVICES 26

32 BIBLIOGRAPHY Revista Metropolitan Touring (2010). The avenue of the volcanoes: The Andes. Pp.2-5. Revista Metropolitan Touring (2011). Andean Journey: The Splendors of the Sierra. Pp.5-8. Revista Metropolitan Touring (2011). Hacienda, chagras and rodeo: The Traditions. Pp.3-4. Vásquez Méndez, G (2010). Ecuador in the middle of the world. Cotopaxi and Tungurahua Provinces. Quito, Ecuador: Editorial: Voluntad. Speck, A (2013). Ecuador y Galápagos. Un paraíso natural. Quito, Ecuador: Editorial: EDIECUATORIAL C.A. WEB Viajes Sudamérica. Revisado el 20 de marzo del 2015, en: MISVIAJES.COM. Revisado en 20 de marzo del 2015, en: Visita Ecuador. Revisado: 26 de marzo del 2015, en: istro=311&lugar=tungurahua#accesible Vive Latacunga. Revisado: 26 de marzo del 2015, en: 27

33 EXPLORED. Revisado: 26 de marzo del 2015, en: Pichincha Universal. Revisado el 24 de marzo del 2015, en: tambillo-la-parroquia-de-la-amabilidad.html ESNEMIL. Revisado 21 de marzo del 2015, en: Panavial. Revisado 21 de marzo del 2015, en: Agricultura y ganadería del ecuador. Revisado el 25 de marzo del 2015, en: ECUADOR#scribd Pato al lodo. Revisado 26 de marzo del 2015, en: PRO ECUADOR. Revisado el 29 de marzo del 2015, en: Holstein in Ecuador. Revisado el 01 de abril del 2015, en: Los Andes. Revisado el 07 de abril del 2015, en: 28

34 INTERVIEWS Amores Ángel. Muddy Duck Pachamama Restaurant. Pila José. Pastocalle Comunity Pastocuy. Llanganate Mariana. Crops of blackberry. Barba Ana. Hens breeding center ABAKA. Camacho Mario. Leather Factory Curtiembre. 29

35 ANNEXES ITINERARY TWO Richness of My Land Tour It is a good option for the tour; people can see the landscape in the way, they can enjoy of agropecuary activities and to know more about agrotourism, but the second day there aren t enough activities, so they will be able to enjoy relaxing time inside the hacienda, but these activities are not focused in agrotourism. DAY ONE 06:50 Pick up UCT 07:00-08:30 Transfer to Lasso 08:30-09:30 Breakfast in Los Pinos Lasso 09:30-10:00 Transfer to Pastocalle 10:00-12:00 Visit Pastocalle Comunity 12:00-12:45 Transfer to Salcedo 12:45-14:00 Lunch in Imperio Real Inn 14:00-14:40 Transfer to Pillaro 14:40-17:30 Agropecuary Activities 17:30-19:00 Free Time and Dinner 19:00-19:30 Transfer to Patate 19:30-20:00 Check In Viña del Rio and Briefing 30

36 DAY TWO 08:00-09:00 Breakfast in Viña del Rio 09:00-11:00 Relaxing Time 11:00-12:30 Visit the vineyard 12:30-13:30 Lunch in Viña del Rio Inn END OF MY SERVICES 31

37 ITINERARY THREE PACHAMAMA TOUR It is another option of tour; people can enjoy the natural and cultural richness, but the hotel is in Ambato, the main City of Tungurahua, so it is an extreme change. Tourists want to share the time in a natural environment, so a luxury hotel is not recommendable. Also from here to Ambato is one hour and people can t enjoy the landscape in the way. DAY ONE 06:45 Pick up UCT 07:00-08:30 Transfer to Lasso 08:30-09:30 Breakfast in Los Pinos Lasso 09:30-10:00 Transfer to Pastocalle 10:00-12:00 Visit Pastocalle Comunity 12:00-12:45 Transfer to Salcedo 12:45-14:00 Lunch in Imperio Real Inn 14:00-14:40 Transfer to Pillaro 14:40-17:30 Agropecuary Activities 17:30-19:00 Free Time and Dinner 19:00-20:00 Transfer to Ambato 20:00-20:30 check In El Emperador Hotel and briefing DAY TWO 08:00-09:00 Breakfast in El Emperador Hotel 09:00-09:30 Transfer to Quisapincha 32

38 09:30-10:00 Visit the indigenous market 10:00-10:30 Visit stores of leather in Quisapincha 10:30-10:45 Transfer to Pinllo 10:45-11:15 Visit Pan de Pinllo Bakery 11:15-12:00 Transfer to hens breeding center 12:00-12:30 Visit hens breeding center 12:30-13:30 Lunch in ABAKA Restaurant END OF MY SERVICES 33

39 BROCHURE 34

40 35

41 PHOTOS Photo 1.- Pastocalle Community Photo 2.- Potatoes Crops 36

42 Photo 3.- Breeding Pigs Photo 4.- Breeding Center of Guinea Pig 37

43 Photo 5. - Blackberries Crops in Píllaro Photo 6. - The Milking 38

44 Photo 7.- Muddy Duck in Píllaro Photo 8.- Breeding Center of Ducks 39

45 Photo 9.- Diablada de Píllaro Photo 10.- Salasaca Community 40