Carrot in Japan. 27 th Sep., 2017 Takahiro Kumano, Ph.D. Bejo Japan KK Representative Director ;

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1 Carrot in Japan 27 th Sep., 2017 Takahiro Kumano, Ph.D. Bejo Japan KK Representative Director ;

Contents - Carrot market in Japan - Domestic production - Import trend fresh & juice - Main production areas & cultivation - Dominant varieties - Machines - Sowing

2 Contents - Carrot market in Japan - Domestic production - Import trend fresh & juice - Main production areas & cultivation - Dominant varieties - Machines - Sowing machines - Harvesting machines - Kuroda type - Origin & history - Bejo in Japan - Bejo Japan KK - Bejo in Hokkaido/Kyoto - Carson; No.1 processing variety in Hokkaido

3 Contents - Carrot market in Japan - Domestic production - Import trend fresh & juice - Main production areas & cultivation - Dominant varieties - Machines - Sowing machines - Harvesting machines - Kuroda type - Origin & history - Bejo in Japan - Bejo Japan KK - Bejo in Hokkaido/Kyoto - Carson; No.1 processing variety in Hokkaido

4 Acreage Trend ( ) ha Carrot Acreage (ha) & Production (t) Acreage Domestic production t Year - Source; Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

5 Acreage Trend ( ) ha Carrot Acreage (by harvest season) (ha) Nov.-Mar. Aug.-Oct. Apr.-Jul Year - Source; Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

6 Import Trend Fresh Carrot ( )

7 Import Trend Carrot Juice ( )

8 Fresh Price Trend t Carrot Fresh Wholesale Price(JPY/kg) & WholesaleQTY (t) by 10 days QTY 2016 QTY 2017 Price 2016 Price 2017 JPY perkg Month Source; Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 0

9 Acreage Trend ( ) ha Carrot Acreage by production area (ha) Others Nagasaki Tokushima Chiba Ibaraki Aomori Hokkaido Year - Source; Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

10 Main Production Areas Lat. N44 1 No. Prefecture Acreage (ha) Total Yield (t) Marketable Yield (t) Marketable Ratio (%) Yield per ha (t) 1 Hokkaido 4, , , % Chiba 3, , , % Aomori 1,240 39,500 36, % Tokushima 1,020 51,800 47, % 46.2 Lat. N38 5 Ibaraki ,500 25, % Nagasaki ,800 28, % 33.3 Lat. N Kumamoto ,800 17, % Miyazaki ,600 18, % Saitama ,100 17, % Kagoshima ,800 15, % Others 3,775 91,700 70, % 18.7 Total 18, , , % 31.1 Source; Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

11 Dominant Varieties Harvest Period Main Production Area Acreage 2015 (ha) Required Characteristics Winter Chiba Ibaraki Saitama 8,060 i) Uniformity in shape & size, ii) Surface smoothness + good color, iii) Tolerance aganst Pythium & Fusarium (spot in root), iv) Good shape in shoulders, v) Root crack tolerance & field holding ability, *~Dec.) suitable for carrot production, various historical local cultivars. ~Mar.) needs cold tolerance + bolting tolerance. Spring- Summer Tokushima Nagasaki Miyazaki Kumamoto Kagoshima 4,520 i) Stable growth under low temp., ii) Pigment under low temp., iii) Field holding ability, iv) Root crack tolerance in temp. increasing condition, v) Tolerance aganst Pythium & Fusarium (spot in root), *Low temp. in the early stage. Temp. increases in later growing period, and rapid growth both top and root. Autumn Hokkaido Aomori 5,530 i) Strong bolting tolerance + Earliness ii) Heat tolerance, iii) Disease tolerance under wet condition (Summer-Autumn), iv) Strong tolerance against physiologocal disorder (root), v) Tolerance aganst Pythium & Fusarium (spot in root), *In cold regions, high-lands, mainly open-field cultivation. Using non-woven fabric for early sowing.

12 Contents - Carrot market in Japan - Domestic production - Import trend fresh & juice - Main production areas & cultivation - Dominant varieties - Machines - Sowing machines - Harvesting machines - Kuroda type - Origin & history - Bejo in Japan - Bejo Japan KK - Bejo in Hokkaido/Kyoto - Carson; No.1 processing variety in Hokkaido

13 Harvesting Machines in Hokkaido European Type (approx. 10%)

14 Harvesting Machines in Hokkaido Carovester Type (approx. 90%)

15 Contents - Carrot market in Japan - Domestic production - Import trend fresh & juice - Main production areas & cultivation - Dominant varieties - Machines - Sowing machines - Harvesting machines - Kuroda type - Origin & history - Bejo in Japan - Bejo Japan KK - Bejo in Hokkaido/Kyoto - Carson; No.1 processing variety in Hokkaido

16 Origin of Kuroda type Source; Banga, 1963 Source; Carrots and related vegetables Umbelliferae, V.E. Rubatzky, C.F. Quires and P.W. Simon, 1999, London, UK

Origin of Kuroda type -NougyouZensyo( 農業全書 )- - Published in 1697, - The oldest agriculture text book, - Comprised total 11 volumes, - By Yasusada Miyazaki (1623-1697)& Ekiken

17 Origin of Kuroda type -NougyouZensyo( 農業全書 )- - Published in 1697, - The oldest agriculture text book, - Comprised total 11 volumes, - By Yasusada Miyazaki ( )& Ekiken Kaibara - Based on Miyazaki s 40 years agricultural experience in south part of Japan, にんじん根の黄なるをえらびてつくるべし白きは味も劣れり You should grow selected plants which have yellow roots. The taste of white roots are not good. たねを取る事春茎の立つ時中にて細きはぬき去りふとくして根の黄なるばかりを立てをき花の付く時枝をも皆切りのけて本茎ばかりの子をとるべし To obtain better quality seed, you should select plants which have thick yellow roots when the flower stalks come out, and harvest seeds only from the main flower stalk. Source; National Diet Library, Japan Source; National Diet Library, Japan

Source; National Diet Library, Japan - 胡蘿蔔 (KoRafuku)= PercianRadish (Daikon) - 2 types in length 1) 5-6 sun type ; 15-18cm long 2) 2 syakutype; 60cm

18 Origin of Kuroda type -WakanSansaiZue( 和漢三才図会 )- - Published in 1712, - The most famous old encyclopedia in Edo Era, Comprised 105 volumes - By Ryoan Terashima(1654-?) - Inspired by Chinese old encyclopedia (Sansai Zue) - The value of this work as a cultural heritage is everlasting. Source; National Diet Library, Japan - 胡蘿蔔 (KoRafuku)= PercianRadish (Daikon) - 2 types in length 1) 5-6 sun type ; 15-18cm long 2) 2 syakutype; 60cm long - 2 colors; Red or Yellow 気を下し中を補い五臓を安んじ食を健やかにならしむ Source; National Diet Library, Japan Has sedative effects, curing internal organs, good for healthy food diet,

19 Origin of Kuroda type -Oriental Type- Orange (UK) 15-17C Yellow Orange (The Netherlands) Kintoki( 金時 ) (Kyoto) Takinogawa( 滝野川 ) (Tokyo) Orange (USA) 18C 17C Various Orange 12-13C (China) 16-17C Hindu Kush Mountains (Afghanistan) 13-14C -Western Type C 19C New Kuroda( 新黒田 ) (Nagasaki) Source; Yae Nogei Co. Ltd. Source; ALIC Koyo 2 Go( 向陽二号 ) (Takii Seed Co. Ltd.) Source; Takii Seed Co. Ltd.

20 Contents - Carrot market in Japan - Domestic production - Import trend fresh & juice - Main production areas & cultivation - Dominant varieties - Machines - Sowing machines - Harvesting machines - Kuroda type - Origin & history - Bejo in Japan - Bejo Japan KK - Bejo in Hokkaido/Kyoto - Carson; No.1 processing variety in Hokkaido

21 Bejo Japan KK - Established in Yokohama (near Tokyo), in 2012, - A wholly-owned subsidiary of Bejo Zaden B.V., - No. of employee; 5 (4 in Sapporo, 1 in Kyoto), - Main commercial crops; Carrot, Onion, Asparagus & Brassica leafy vegetables, - Moved to Sapporo city from Yokohama in 2016 Feb., - Head office is in the campus of Hokkaido University, - Joint research with Hokkaido University in open field crops e.g. Asparagus,

22 Bejo in Hokkaido (Trials in Hokkaido Univ.)

23 Bejo in Hokkaido (Trials in Hokkaido Univ.)

24 Bejo in Hokkaido (Trials in Hokkaido Univ.)

25 Bejo in Hokkaido (Trials in Hokkaido Univ.)

26 Bejo in Kyoto (Trials in Kyoto city)

27 Bejo in Kyoto (Trials in Kyoto city)

28 Carson; No.1 Processing variety in Hokkaido

29 Carson; No.1 Processing variety in Hokkaido

30 Carson; No.1 Processing variety in Hokkaido

31 Carson; No.1 Processing variety in Hokkaido

32 Carson; No.1 Processing variety in Hokkaido

33 Thank you for your attention.

(a)among the world's great cities, Tokyo has less green space than London, Paris, or New York. Among the world's cities.

組 ( ) 番号 ( ) 名前 ( ) Lesson2 A Forest in the Sea 1 (a)among the world's great cities, Tokyo has less green space than London, Paris, or New York. Among the world's cities Tokyo 主 has ある less green space