Factors Attracting Foreign Low Cost Carrier s Choice of Airports

Transcription

1 1 Factos Attactig Foeig Lo Cost Caie s Choice of Aiots Hua-A Lu Yu-Ru Mao Natioal Taia Ocea Uivesity

2 Outlie Abstact Itoductio Methodologies FAHP Pocedue eights ad elative aks fo sub-citeia Evaluatio esults fo thee aiots Coclusio

3 3 Abstact Lo cost oeatio has bee a oula busiess model. Taia has o atioal lo cost caies (LCCs) yet. Cuetly, ceatig a ideal eviomet to attact foeig LCCs is vital fo ai tasot makets i Taia. A ak ai-ise comaiso (RPC) is used to measue the elative eights fo the exet questioaies. This study exloits FAHP to evaluate the elative eights of all subciteia ad the otetial of thee mai aiots, i.e.,taoyua Iteatioal Aiot(TPE), Taiei Sogsha Aiot (TSA) ad Kaohsiug Iteatioal Aiot (KHH), i Taia.

4 4 Itoductio Focused o aiot side to measue ho to attact LCCs. 10 ailies i total 1 foeig LCCs seved at the TPE fo 8 scheduled iteatioal outes. The est LCCs oeated flights at the TSA fo oe oute.

5 5 The locatio of thee aiots TPE TSA KHH

6 6 Seat ovisio of outes ith LCC sevices i 01 Route TPE SIN TPE MNL TPE KUL TPE KIX TPE BKI TPE PUS TSA GMP 1 TPE CJU TPE NRT 3 LCC 453,634 (6.5%) 134,685 (13.5%) 354,98 (39.5%) 63,880 (15.6%) 87,10 (43.3%) 19,696 (63.3%) 83,076 (5.4%) 34,91 (47.1%) 51,456 (8.%) FSC 1,56,360 (73.5%) 866,0 (86.5%) 543,835 (60.5%) 1,430,56 (84.4%) 114,186 (56.7%) 75,046 (36.7%) 75,56 (47.6%) 39,176 (5.9%) 573,397 (91.8%) Total 1,709,994 1,000, ,817 1,694,406 01,306 04,74 158,60 74,088 64,853 1,, 3 LCC sevices stat fom A., Ju. ad Oct. 01, esectively. Souce: Civil Aeoautics Admiistatio, Taia

7 7 Aveage load factos of outes ith LCC sevices i 01 Route TPE SIN TPE MNL TPE KUL TPE KIX TPE BKI TPE PUS TSA GMP TPE CJU TPE NRT LCC 81.66% 8.18% 83.49% 75.44% 76.37% 8.43% 55.43% 7.90% 44.53% FSC 70.8% 6.85% 78.13% 71.5% 71.35% 59.9% 68.79% 75.17% 73.96% Total 74.55% 67.01% 79.4% 7.00% 75.53% 74.33% 60.0% 74.7% 70.00% Souce: Civil Aeoautics Admiistatio, Taia

8 8 Maket shaes fo Taiaese LCC makets i % 80% 60% 40% 0% 0% TPE S TPE TPE TPE TPE TPE P TSA TPE TPE IN MNL KUL KIX BKI US GMP CJU NRT FSCs 71.07% 81.68% 58.56% 83.90% 5.1% 9.9% 56.34% 53.81% 94.15% LCCs 8.93% 18.3% 41.44% 16.10% 47.88% 70.08% 43.66% 46.19% 5.85% Souce: Civil Aeoautics Admiistatio, Taia

9 9 Methodologies Rak Pai-ise Comaiso(RPC) Fuzzy Aalytic Hieachy Pocess (FAHP)

10 10 Rak Pai-ise Comaiso(RPC) This study ooses a RPC aoach that asks esodets to exess the ioities of ivolved elemets, the to assess the elative eights fo to cosecutive aks. Usig multiles of elative eights ad the eciocal icile, e obtai the ai-ise comaiso matix. Thee ae elemets to be evaluated to detemie thei elative eights.

11 Rak Pai-ise Comaiso(RPC) ,,, = = = ,,, =,,, = ,,, = = = ,,, =,,, 1 1 =,,, = = = If a esodet has evealed his ioities, aked fom 1 to, he ca futhe exess the comaative eights fo cosecutive aks, i.e., the values of,,,. Othe comaative eights fo icosecutive aks ca the be calculated as follos. 1 1 /, = 3 3 /, = / 1, 1 =,,,,

12 1 Rak Pai-ise Comaiso(RPC) This matix ill be efectly cosistet. Hoeve, this ocess ill elage the diffeece betee 1, ad 1,. If the scales used ae s-oit measues, thei maximal diffeece is s -1. Nomally, oe ould like ad to yield all elative eights fallig betee 1 ad s. The age betee cosecutive liguistic vaiables must be adjusted. Let d be the adjusted age, so that d (s -1 1) = s 1, o d = (s 1)/(s -1 1).

13 Table 1: Possible adjusted ages betee cosecutive liguistic vaiables 13 Rak Pai-ise Comaiso(RPC) Scales (s) Evaluated elemets () ~ E E-05 1 ~ E E E-06 1 ~ E E E-07

14 14 Rak Pai-ise Comaiso(RPC) Accodig to the flexibility of time slot ovisio, you should exess the ioities of A B C aiots. 9:1 8:1 7:1 6:1 5:1 4:1 3:1 :1 1:1 1: 1:3 1:4 1:5 1:6 1:7 1:8 1:9 A V B A V C B V C A>B, C>A, B>C <

15 15 Rak Pai-ise Comaiso(RPC) Accodig to the flexibility of time slot ovisio, you should exess the ioities of A B C aiots. A v C v B A=5C, C=B, A=5*=10B

16 16 Rak Pai-ise Comaiso(RPC) The RPC ca satisfy the equiemet of cosistet exessio. The oiio collectio ad calculatio ocess of eight estimatio ae elatively less comlex tha i taditioal ai-ise comaiso.

17 17 FAHP Pocedue (1-) Select ossible factos attactig foeig LCCs choices of aiots. Coduct a exet suvey to esue the ivestigatio factos. Costuct the AHP fameok. Desig the ivestigatio questioaie folloig the equiemet of the RPC aoach. Distibuted questioaies to exets.

18 18 FAHP Pocedue (-) Collect exets oiios ad calculate the eights of all sub-citeia ad the evaluatio scoes of alteatives i evey sub-citeio, elacig the ai-ise comaiso by the RPC aoach. Defie the fuzzy umbes fo the eight of evey sub-citeio, ad evey evaluatio scoe fo each alteative. Itegate the fuzzy efomace fo alteatives o each sub-citeio usig the multilicatio oeatio of tiagula fuzzy umbes. Coduct the defuzzificatio ocess fo the quatified efomace of each sub-citeio fo each alteative usig the cete of gavity method. The, e sum the defuzzificatio values of all citeia fo each alteative ad use it to ak thei otetials.

19 Factos of aiot choice i evious liteatue ad this study Factos Beechma & De Wit (1996) Adle & Beechma (001) Gaham (001) Facis et al. (003) Baett (004) Gille & Lall (004) Lato & Solomko (005) Waock -Smith & Pote (005) Chag et al. (008) Aiot locatio V V V V V V Aiot o temial caacity V V V V V Labo costs V Sigle-stoey aiot temials V V Quick check-i ocedue V V Passege demad V V V V V V V Aiot chages V V V V V V V V V Ailies cometitio V V V Tasot coectios V V V Coveiet slot times V V V V V Tuaoud time V V V V V V Good exeiece of LCCs V V No-aeoautical eveues V V V Aiot ivatizatio V V Ambitious exasio las V Eviomet estictios V V V Cost coscious aiot maagemet V V Suface access ad tasot V V V Ruay ad avigatio aids V V Aiot cometitio V Maiteace facilities V V Reliable ai taffic cotol V V Netok comatibility V 19 This study

20 0 Goal Citeia Sub-citea Alteatives Taffic coveiece betee aiot ad sevice cities Lad side coectio & develomet coditios Distaces betee aiot ad sevice cities Poulatios of sevice cities Exclusive temial fo lo cost caies Suot ability fo aicaft maiteace oeatio Ram oeatio coditios Oeatio efficiecy of am sevices Suly coveiece of aicaft fuelig Taiei Sogsha Aiot (TSA) Assigmet olicy of boadig gates ad elative facilities Ai taffic cogestio level Evaluate aiot detemiates of attactig foeig LCCs Flight ifastuctue & maagemet Ability of ai taffic cotol Comatibility betee used aicaft tye ad uay coditios ad avigatio aids Taiei Taoyua Aiot (TPE) Flexibility of time slot ovisio Efficiecy of baggage hadlig Passege taffic oeatio coditios Coveiece ad efficiecy of CIQ ocedue Availability of goud aget selectio fo assege hadlig Kaohsiug Aiot (KHH) Check-i facilities ad flight ifomatio systems Alloace fo the umbe of flights i the same oute Aiot authoity's omotio olicy Icetive alteatives fo lo cost caies The level of aiot's taiff Aiot authoity's suot attitude

21 1 Exet Gou seio aiot maages 8% seio ailie maages 5% academic ofessos 67%

22 Fuzzy eights ad elative aks fo sub-citeia Citeia Sub-citeia Mi. Aveage Max. DF Rak Lad side Taffic coveiece betee aiot & sevice cities coectio & Distaces betee aiot & sevice cities develomet Poulatios of sevice cities (0.1984) Exclusive temial fo lo cost caies Ram oeatio coditios (0.07) Flight ifastuctue & maagemet (0.001) Passege taffic oeatio coditios (0.1978) Aiot authoity s omotio olicy (0.13) Suot ability fo aicaft maiteace oeatio Oeatio efficiecy of am sevices Suly coveiece of aicaft fuelig Assigmet olicy of boadig gates & elative facilities Ai taffic cogestio level Ability of ai taffic cotol Comatibility betee used aicaft tye & uay coditios & avigatio aids Flexibility of time slot ovisio Efficiecy of baggage hadlig Coveiece &efficiecy of CIQ ocedue Availability of goud aget selectio fo assege hadlig Check-i facilities & flight ifomatio systems Alloace fo the umbe of flights i the same oute Icetive alteatives fo lo cost caies The level of aiot s taiff Aiot authoity s suot attitude

23 3 Evaluatio esults fo thee aiots Sub-citeia TSA TPE KHH Taffic coveiece betee aiot & sevice cities Distaces betee aiot & sevice cities Poulatios of sevice cities Exclusive temial fo lo cost caies Suot ability fo aicaft maiteace oeatio Oeatio efficiecy of am sevices Suly coveiece of aicaft fuelig Assigmet olicy of boadig gates & elative facilities Ai taffic cogestio level Ability of ai taffic cotol Comatibility betee used aicaft tye & uay coditios & avigatio aids Flexibility of time slot ovisio Efficiecy of baggage hadlig Coveiece & efficiecy of CIQ ocedue Availability of goud aget selectio fo assege hadlig Check-i facilities & flight ifomatio systems Alloace fo the umbe of flights i the same oute Icetive alteatives fo lo cost caies The level of aiot s taiff Aiot authoity s suot attitude Total efomace Rak 3 1

24 4 Coclusio LCC ae gadually flouishig i Asia makets. Although thee has o atioal LCCs i Taia, the effot of aiots to attact foeig oeatos is eve eglected. It is foud that the level of aiot s taiff is the most imotat facto, folloed by oeatio efficiecy of am sevices ad aiot authoity s suot attitude. Aiot authoity s omotio olicy is the most citical citeio. Taiei Taoyua aiot (TPE) is the aiot ith highest otetial to attact foeig LCCs oeatio stadig o a geeal esective.

25 Thaks fo listeig. 5