South East Region SURREY 3/1128 (E.43.A017) TQ

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1 SURREY Elmbridge 3/1128 (E.43.A017) TQ ARDENNE COTTAGE, ST GEORGE'S HILL, WEYBRIDGE An Archaeological Watching Brief at Ardenne Cottage, St George's Hill, Weybridge Stevenson, J Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 8pp, figs, refs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken on the residential development within the confines of St George's Hill, an Iron Age hillfort and SAM. No archaeological features or artefacts were observed. [AIP] 3/1129 (E.43.A015) TQ PARKSIDE SCHOOL, STOKE D'ABERNON An Archaeological Watching Brief at Parkside School, Stoke D'Abernon Shaikhley, N Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 6pp, figs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken during the construction of a new classroom. An undated well was identified. The majority of the well appeared to be lined with chalk blocks, except for the upper 15 courses, which were red brick. The additional brick courses may have been added when the ground level was increased in the area, and therefore not part of the original construction. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: UD 3/1130 (E.43.A016) TQ TQ PIPELINE LAYING, LEIGH HILL, COBHAM An Archaeological Watching Brief During Thames Water Pipe Laying, Leigh Hill, Cobham Shaikhley, N Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 4pp, figs, refs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken on the laying of a new stretch of sewage main storage pipe. The watching brief suggested that the installation of the pipeline did not impact on any archaeological material or features, as the greater majority of the site seemed to already have been heavily disturbed by early activities. The early OS maps examined indicated several localised areas of quarrying, most likely for gravel deposits. It was therefore possible that rubbish material was dumped on this area after the land had been subjected to quarrying in the mid to late 19th century. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: MO, PM 3/1131 (E.43.A018) TQ THE RAMPARTS, ST GEORGES HILL, WEYBRIDGE An Archaeological Watching Brief at The Ramparts, St George's Hill, Weybridge Poulton, R Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 5pp, figs 1

2 Scheduled Monument Consent required a watching brief on the groundworks for an extension within the confines of St George's Hill, a SAM. No features of archaeological interest were observed, and neither were any artefacts of ancient date recovered. [Au(adp)] 3/1132 (E.43.A014) TQ WORLD END, RODONA DRIVE, ST. GEORGE'S HILL Surrey Sites and Monuments Record: Report Form Jackson, G & Howe, T Kingston upon Thames : Surrey County Council, 2001, 3pp, figs Work undertaken by: Surrey County Council Finds including slag, oyster shells and animal bones were retrieved from a probable drainage channel revealed within foundation trenches. [Au(adp)] Epsom and Ewell 3/1133 (E.43.A001) TQ JOLLY WAGGONERS, EWELL Jolly Waggoners, Ewell, Surrey. Archaeological Watching Brief Report Bashford, R Oxford : Oxford Archaeology, 2001, 8pp, figs, refs Work undertaken by: Oxford Archaeology An archaeological watching brief was undertaken on the demolition of the existing public house and ancillary buildings and the construction of a 2/3-storey building to accommodate 18 flats, together with car parking and access. No significant archaeological features or deposits were observed. [Au(adp)] Guildford 3/1134 (E.43.A019) SU , CASTLE HILL, GUILDFORD An Archaeological Watching Brief at 1, Castle Hill, Guildford, Surrey Hart, D London : AOC Archaeology Group, 2002, 15pp, figs, tabs, refs Work undertaken by: AOC Archaeology Group An archaeological watching brief was undertaken during the construction of an access ramp along the northern side of the property. Excavations revealed an undated pit cut directly into the bedrock chalk and sealed by a levelling layer lain down in advance of the construction of what appeared to be the Great Hall of Guildford Castle. Perhaps the most prominent remains of this complex were those of the western external wall - a massive construction measuring a full two metres in width. A small internal wall to the east served to delineate at least two rooms within the building and the mortar bedding from a probable robbed tile floor was found within both rooms. The abandonment of the structure appeared to have been a piecemeal affair with the probable survival of the western room after the deliberate destruction of the eastern room. Two post holes which post-dated the disuse of the Great Hall most likely represented scaffold bases related to the 19th century construction of the present building that stood on the site. These were sealed by a substantial sequence of made ground of comparable date. [Au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: MD, PM, UD 2

3 3/1135 (E.43.A020) TQ CHILWORTH BYPASS CHANNEL, CHILWORTH An Archaeological Watching Brief on the Chilworth Bypass Channel, Chilworth, Surrey Robertson, J Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 12pp, colour pls, figs, refs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken on the excavation of a new bypass channel across a piece of land at the edge of the Powdermill Fisheries, and the Chilworth Gunpowder Mills site (SAM 31397). No in situ features of archaeological interest were identified, but a number of hand-made bricks and a large piece of late 19th century concrete were recovered. The cartographic evidence recorded the building in the late 19th century which was contemporary with the concrete block recovered and the other two identified nearby, leading to the conclusion that the building was the most probable source for the concrete blocks. The building dated to the period when the Chilworth Gunpowder Company was formed (1885) and took over the Chilworth Gunpowder Mill site. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: PM Mole Valley 3/1136 (E.43.A022) TQ , THE STREET, ASHTEAD Watching Brief Report on 11 The Street, Ashtead, Surrey Perry, J G London : Sutton Archaeological Services, 2001, 6pp, figs Work undertaken by: Sutton Archaeological Services A watching brief was carried out during the groundworks stage of the development. Only modern features such as tarmac, 19th/20th century brick walls and fill material were encountered overlying the natural gravel, which was only observed in one part of the trenches. [Au] Archaeological periods represented: MO, PM 3/1137 (E.43.A023) TQ EASTWICK INFANTS SCHOOL, EASTWICK DRIVE, GREAT BOOKHAM An Archaeological Watching Brief at Eastwick Infants School, Eastwick Drive, Great Bookham Shaikhley, N Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 5pp, figs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken during the excavation of foundation trenches for the new structure. No archaeological features of interest were identified, although the remains of a 19th century red brick foundation wall crossed one of the trenches, and some late 19th/early 20th century stoneware jars were noted. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: MO, PM 3/1138 (E.43.A021) TQ WOTTON HOUSE, WOTTON An Archaeological Watching Brief at Wotton House, Wotton, Surrey Shaikhley, N Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 7pp, figs 3

4 Following an archaeological evaluation, which had uncovered the foundations of a wall in trench 4A, the unit supervised and undertook the excavation of a larger area around trench 4A, which was to be totally destroyed during the creation of a basement. The possibility that the east/west wall footings in trench 4A may have been earlier than the 17th century buildings of Wotton House was not proven during the monitoring work. Both its orientation, and its identification with one of the walls of ancillary buildings shown on Evelyns' 1653 drawing of the house, seemed to confirm, instead, that it had probably been contemporary. The most interesting feature of the monitoring work was the discovery of a buried watercourse, which must have extended below an extension built on the west wing in the 19th century. There were two possible explanations for the water feature. It may have been part of an earlier, perhaps original, course of the Tillingboune floodplain, the western edge of which had been straightened, or else it was a wholly man-made feature. Because only a small part of it was uncovered, which did not include its base or eastern back, it was impossible to be sure which of these suggestions was correct. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: PM, UD Reigate and Banstead 3/1139 (E.43.A025) TQ A BELL STREET, REIGATE An Archaeological Watching Brief at 51A Bell Street, Reigate Poulton, R Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 6pp, figs, refs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken during the development of the site. Several disturbances were seen to penetrate 1.5m of made ground which sealed the natural sand, but in each case they were fairly obviously of 19th or 20th century date. It was impossible to determine whether ditch 119, revealed during an earlier evaluation, continued eastwards across the site, due to the lack of controlled observation in its near vicinity, and the probability that, if present, modern disturbance had removed it over the remainder of the area. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: MO, PM 3/1140 (E.43.A026) TQ ORCHARD HOUSE, 14 SUTTON LANE, BANSTEAD An Archaeological Watching Brief at Orchard House, 14 Sutton Lane, Banstead Shaikhley, N Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 4pp, figs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken on groundworks associated with the construction of an extension. No features or finds relating to archaeological activity were identified. [Au(adp)] 3/1141 (E.43.A027) TQ WETLAND CREATION PROJECT, NUTFIELD MARSH An Archaeological Watching Brief During a Wetland Creation Project on Nutfield Marsh Pattison, G Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 5pp, figs 4

5 An archaeological watching brief was undertaken on the excavation of six ponds and a channel. There was no evidence for anything that would be of direct archaeological interest, although the presence of deep layers of peat provided ample potential for further palaeoenvironmental work. This was likely to prove of considerable value for the general understanding of Holocene environmental history. [Au(adp)] Runnymede 3/1142 (E.43.A003) TQ ABBEY GARDENS, CHERTSEY Report on Archaeological Inspection of Builders' Excavations Carried Out June 2001 at 14 Abbey Gardens, Chertsey, Surrey KT16 8RQ Lander, J Chertsey : Dr James Lander, 2001, 1p Work undertaken by: Dr James Lander Monitoring of the excavation of foundation trenches recorded that there was no disturbance of any medieval levels that might have related to Chertsey Abbey. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: UD 3/1143 (E.43.A008) TQ HIGH STREET, STAINES An Archaeological Watching Brief at Debenhams, High Street, Staines Jones, P Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 4pp, figs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken during the extension of the store and the construction of a new transformer and generator. No features or finds of archaeological significance were uncovered. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: MO, PM 3/1144 (E.43.A006) TQ ABBEY LODGE, CHERTSEY An Archaeological Watching Brief at Abbey Lodge, Chertsey Poulton, R Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 7pp, figs, refs SAM consent for works at Abbey Lodge was approved for the construction of an extension subject to a condition requiring that all ground works/building works should be subject to an archaeological watching brief. The site had obviously undergone a considerable degree of disturbance since the dissolution of Chertsey Abbey in 1539, itself a process which had involved the demolition of much of the abbey. Only a single, linear feature was identified, whose fill indicated that it represented a trench excavated to removed the foundations of a wall, and subsequently backfilled with the loose rubble and soil created by that process. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: MD, UD 5

6 3/1145 (E.43.A004) TQ CHERRY TREE COTTAGES, 6 ABBEY GARDENS, CHERTSEY Archaeological Report on Works at Chertsey Abbey, National Monument No Lander, J Chertsey : Dr James Lander, 2001, 1p Work undertaken by: Dr James Lander A watching brief on the groundworks revealed that the depth of the material removed was no more than 30 to 40cm; all of this material was redeposited building material from the time when the house was originally constructed in the 1950s. There was no material identifiable to an earlier period, and no medieval levels were disturbed. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: MO 3/1146 (E.43.A035) TQ PHASE 7, CHERTSEY REVITALISATION SCHEME A Post Excavation Assessment of Archaeological Work Carried out at Phase 7 of the Chertsey Revitalisation Scheme Palmer, D London : AOC Archaeology Group, 2002, 109pp, figs, tabs, refs Work undertaken by: AOC Archaeology Group Three separate areas were excavated in advance of the redevelopment of the site. All areas not included in the excavation that were subject to redevelopment were recorded as part of a watching brief. No prehistoric features were recorded during the excavation. The small quantity of struck flint suggested that there was limited prehistoric activity in the area, but it was not clear how far these few residual finds had travelled, and therefore uncertain how close this site was to any settlement. A few residual Roman finds including both building material and pottery were recovered from some of the site. All this material appeared to be residual. It was reasonable to assume that if there had been Roman settlement in the vicinity of the site, then greater quantities of Roman finds would have been recovered. There was no evidence to suggest that Guildford Street was Roman in origin. A small amount of Saxon pottery was recovered from a number of features at the southern end of the site. These features suggested that there was limited Saxon activity on the site. A number of features, including a large ditch alongside Guildford Street, dated to the Saxon-Norman and early medieval periods. This discovery showed a continual use of the site from the Saxon to the post-medieval periods. A number of medieval features were recorded across the site. These took a number of forms, but were generally pits of varying size. A number of the features recorded during the work were post-medieval in date. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: EM, MD, MO, PM, PR, RO, UD 3/1147 (E.43.A036) TQ PHASE 8, CHERTSEY REVITALISATION SCHEME A Post Excavation Assessment of Archaeological Work Carried out at Phase 8 of the Chertsey Revitalisation Scheme Palmer, D London : AOC Archaeology Group, 2002, 103pp, figs, tabs, refs Work undertaken by: AOC Archaeology Group An excavation was undertaken prior to the redevelopment of the site. All areas not included in the excavation that were subject to redevelopment were recorded as part of a watching brief. No prehistoric features were recorded during the excavation. The presence of struck flint, including one piece dating to the Mesolithic period, suggested that there was prehistoric activity in the area, but it was not clear how far these residual finds had travelled, and therefore uncertain how close this site was to any settlement. A few residual Roman tile fragments were recovered from some of the post-medieval 6

7 features on the site. It was reasonable to assume that if there had been Roman settlement in the vicinity of the site, then greater quantities of Roman finds would have been recovered. There was no evidence to suggest that Guildford Street was Roman in origin. A number of medieval features were recorded during the excavation, although far fewer features were conclusively medieval than had been expected. Most of the features recorded during the excavation were post-medieval in date. Whilst some of the recorded features were 18th or 19th century, the majority were 15th and 16th century and showed that the site had been in use through the late medieval period onwards. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: MD, ME, MO, PM, PR, RO 3/1148 (E.43.A005) TQ TASIS (THE AMERICAN SCHOOL IN ENGLAND), THORPE An Archaeological Evaluation and Watching Brief on the Development of a Multi Purpose Hall, Theatre Extension, and Related Works at TASIS (The American School in England), Thorpe Poulton, R Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 5pp, figs The excavation of two trial trenches and a watching brief on the excavation of foundation trenches for the theatre extension was undertaken in advance of the development of a multipurpose hall, theatre extension, and related works. No finds of archaeological interest were made from the site, and neither were any features of archaeological significance identified. If any material of archaeological interest had existed it had probably been removed or disturbed by previous activities within the area. [Au(adp)] 3/1149 (E.43.A007) TL TESCO STORE, STATION ROAD, ADDLESTONE Tesco Store, Station Road, Addlestone, Surrey. Archaeological Monitoring and Recording Report No. : 989 Boyer, P & Ralph, S Hertford : Hertfordshire Archaeological Trust, 2001, 11pp, figs, refs Work undertaken by: Hertfordshire Archaeological Trust A programme of archaeological monitoring and recording was undertaken during the construction of a new food store and petrol station. There was no previously known archaeological evidence for the site, and indeed the historical development of Addlestone was not well known. Much of the area had been truncated by extensive previous development of the site. No archaeological features or finds were recorded. [Au(abr)] 3/1150 (E.43.A002) TQ THE MARCONI SITE, ADDLESTONE An Archaeological Excavation on the Marconi Site, Addlestone. Assessment Report Robertson, J & Poulton, R Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 8pp, figs, tabs, refs A controlled strip followed by hand excavation of the identified archaeological remains was undertaken in advance of the development of the site. The features revealed included parts of three ditches, a number of small pits, and a substantial water hole. Most of the features produced some finds, especially pottery, and all seemed to be of Iron Age date. These were clearly components of an Iron Age settlement, probably a farmstead. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: IA 7

8 Spelthorne 3/1151 (E.43.A010) TQ CHURCH STREET, STAINES A Watching Brief on the Re-Development of Church Street, Staines Jones, P Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 8pp, figs, refs A watching brief was undertaken on the construction of a basement. Both the height of the natural gravel, and its gradual slope down to the north-west, were unexpected. It had been thought that alluvial deposits on site would be deeper and that any reduction in height would be to the south or east towards the nearest contemporary stretches of the Wraysbury River and the Colne. As the truncated surface of the gravels was almost certainly formed by floodwater, the fall of the slope suggested that the principal axis of the watercourse that created it also lay north-west of the site. The post-medieval alluvial muds that lay above the gravels included debris from the immediate area, or a little upstream on the Wraysbury River, perhaps from Hale Mill that stood c.100m further north. The river fringe that they represented may not have been reclaimed until the 18th century, and the earliest buildings known were of the Lancasterian School, known from an 1822 map of the site. The truncated remains of some of its brick foundations and of four cess, and/or well pits were recorded. It was recommended that no further archaeological monitoring of the site need take place. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: MD, PM, RO 3/1152 (E.43.A012) TQ KINGSTON ROAD, STAINES An Archaeological Watching Brief at Kingston Road, Staines Stevenson, J Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 4pp, figs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken on the office and residential development of the site. No evidence of ancient activity was observed in any of the groundworks. Similarly, scanning of the spoil heaps produced no stray finds. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: MO 3/1153 (E.43.A032) TQ MOOR LANE, STAINES Moor Lane, Staines, Surrey. An Archaeological Watching Brief Taylor, A Reading : Thames Valley Archaeological Services, 2001, 7pp, figs, refs Work undertaken by: Thames Valley Archaeological Services No archaeological finds or deposits were noted during the watching brief on the construction of 149 houses and associated parking and landscaping. [Au(adp)] 3/1154 (E.43.A009) TQ REAR OF CHERTSEY ROAD, SHEPPERTON 8

9 Former Anchor Garage and Land to the Rear, Chertsey Road, Shepperton, Borough of Spelthorne. A Preliminary Post-Excavation Assessment (Project 035) Potter, G London : Compass Archaeology Ltd, 2001, 34pp, figs, tabs, refs Work undertaken by: Compass Archaeology Ltd This report formed a preliminary assessment of archaeological investigation undertaken on a redevelopment site. The site lay within an Area of High Archaeological Potential according to the Spelthorne Local Plan, and on the northwest edge of the medieval and early post-medieval village. Previous archaeological investigation in the area had produced some notable finds of prehistoric Roman and Saxon date, although there had been no conclusive evidence for early activity in the vicinity of the site. An initial field evaluation produced several positive findings of medieval and earlier post-medieval date, and as a consequence an archaeological watching brief was carried out during development groundworks. A number of significant archaeological features and finds assemblages were recorded from the site. It was considered that these included material of prehistoric, Roman, medieval and post-medieval date. In particular, the site produced notable quantities of prehistoric struck flint and of both early and later medieval pottery. One inhumation of probable Roman date had also been found, plus several major features relating to medieval activity. [Au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: MD, PM, PR, RO, UD 3/1155 (E.43.A011) TQ ST. MARY'S CHURCH, SUNBURY An Archaeological Watching Brief at St. Mary's Church, Sunbury Shaikhley, N Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 5pp, figs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken during the excavation of two soakaways. No archaeological features were identified, nor were any stratified finds recovered. A few complete burials were identified. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: UD 3/1156 (E.43.A013) TQ STAINES AND LALEHAM HOCKEY CLUB SITE, WORPLE ROAD, STAINES An Archaeological Watching Brief at the Staines and Laleham Hockey Club Site, Worple Road, Staines Robertson, J Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 5pp, figs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken on groundworks involved in the creation of an allweather sports surface. No features of archaeological interest were identified, but a number of finds were recovered, mainly from the spoil heap, which indicated some activity of prehistoric and later date within the area. The pieces of struck flint recovered were indicative of a low level of activity of Mid to Late Bronze Age date. The fragments of burnt flint were also evidence for prehistoric activity. The other finds, which included a Roman pot sherd, the lava quernstone fragments and the medieval/postmedieval tile fragments were probably the result of manuring the fields. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: BA, MD, PM, PR, RO Tandridge 9

10 3/1157 (E.43.A028) TQ HIGH STREET, BLETCHINGLEY Surrey Sites and Monuments Record: Report Form. 34 High Street, Bletchingley Jackson, G Kingston upon Thames : Surrey County Council, 2001, 2pp, figs Work undertaken by: Surrey County Council The groundworks for the alteration of the buildings and the construction of the extension were inspected. Much of the area to be inhabited by the extension was truncated, with modern bottles and building material being recovered. The top of a probable post-medieval stone wall was revealed, but this was outside of the area of the proposed extension and was left in situ. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: UD 3/1158 (E.43.A034) TQ THE BARN THEATRE, BLUEHOUSE LANE, OXTED An Archaeological Watching Brief at The Barn Theatre, Bluehouse Lane, Oxted, Surrey (Project No. 1274) Griffin, N & Russell, J Ditchling : Archaeology South-East, 2001, 18pp, figs, tabs, refs Work undertaken by: Archaeology South-East A limited desk-based assessment and subsequent watching brief was undertaken prior to the extension of the building. A 4m wide trench was cut running adjacent to the west side of the building. No archaeological features were observed. [Au(abr)] 3/1159 (E.43.A029) TQ THE OLD BELL, HIGH STREET, OLD OXTED An Archaeological Watching Brief at The Old Bell, High Street, Old Oxted Stevenson, J Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 9pp, figs, refs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken on the construction of side and rear extensions, and internal alterations to the Listed Building. The most interesting feature exposed during the excavation of the footing trenches was a chalk surface. This was dated by pottery from layer 104, which was stratigraphically earlier, to the 18th century. It was likely that this was an internal surface and formed part of the post-medieval additions to the building that were visible on the tithe map of A large greensand block visible in the same section did not appear to represent an in situ wall, although it was possible that they originally came from one. Layers 102, 104 and 106 were late post-medieval soils, dateable from tile and pottery type. The results of the watching brief on the internal structure of the building broadly confirmed the conclusions of the earlier building report which stated that the oldest surviving section of the Old Bell was architecturally and stylistically dated to the 15th century. An addition to the eastern exterior wall of the 15th century building was cited in the report and was also clearly visible during the watching brief. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: MD, PM Waverley 3/1160 (E.43.A030) SU WEST ST, FARNHAM 10

11 An Archaeological Watching Brief at the West St, Farnham, Redevelopment Poulton, R Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2001, 12pp, figs, refs An archaeological watching brief was undertaken during the redevelopment of the site. It was clear from these observations that deep modern disturbance was likley to have removed any near surface archaeology in the area of the new build; the works did not involve any deep excavations which would have revealed any deep lying deposits of interest. Works in the garden area were all comparatively shallow, and none revealed anything other than topsoil which had been disturbed in the modern era. [Au(adp)] 3/1161 (E.43.A031) SU DIPPENHALL HOUSE, DIPPENHALL, NR. FARNHAM An Archaeological Watching Brief and Photographic Survey at Dippenhall House, Dippenhall, Nr. Farnham, Surrey Shaikhley, N Woking : Surrey County Archaeological Unit, 2002, 11pp, pls, figs, tabs, refs A watching brief and photographic survey was carried out during development of the site. The lack of archaeological material identified during the archaeological watching brief suggested that little or no earlier (prehistoric, Roman or medieval) activity had occurred in the vicinity of the development site, or at least, was certainly not disturbed by the groundworks carried out during the development work. The photographic survey provided a lasting record of the former Dippenhall House and associated structures. No evidence was revealed to suggest that the earlier cottage structure, which adjoined the main house, was part of a larger earlier house on this site, which was later removed. [Au(adp)] Archaeological periods represented: PM, UD 11