Rapla maakond. Kivimustreid Raplamaa rändrahnudest / Rock patterns from erratic boulders in Rapla County
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1 128 Rapla maakond Rapla maakonda pole silmapaistvate loodusmälestistega just liialt õnnistatud. Suur osa nendest on seotud paega, mis maakonna keskosas on kõikjal maapinna lähedal küntud põllud valendavad paetükkidest, kõrgendikel tulevad paekihid siin-seal lausa nähtavale. Siiski on ootamatu kaugelt sisemaalt leida selliseid kõrgeid rannaastanguid, nagu neid Raikkülas ja Avastes näeme. Kümmekonna meetri kõrgune järsunõlvaline Raikküla Pakamägi oma kulpaliste paerüngastega on eriti muljetavaldav. Maakonnas leidub mitmeid suurejoonelisi karstialasid, tuntumateks Kuimetsa, Pae ja Palamulla. Üksikuid kurisuid, langatuslehtreid ja avalõhesid kohtab siinkandis aga tihtipeale. Suurvee aegu leiame nii mõneltki poolt karstijärvikuid. Rohkesti esineb ka suuri karstiallikaid. Raplamaa Kõrvemaa piiresse jääv idaosa on väga vaheldusrikas. Piirkonnale annavad tooni künkad ja vallseljakud, tuntumad neist ehk Paluküla ja Keava mäed. Põnevamatest soodest võiks nimetada Mukri, Keava ja Loosalu raba. Suuri rahne jääb maakonda poolsada, hiidrahne leiame siit vaid kolm Pahkla, Tamme ja Vahastu Suurkivi. Kivimustreid Raplamaa rändrahnudest / Rock patterns from erratic boulders in Rapla County
2 129 Rapla County The most prominent nature monuments of Rapla County are related to the carbonate bedrock. In the central part of the county, where the Quaternary cover is thin, several attractive karst fields, e.g. Kuimetsa, Pae and Palamulla occur. Single sinkholes, collapse funnels and open crevasses are common. Large karst springs are also numerous. High inland coastal escarpments at Raikküla and Avaste are surprising, but the Pakamäe limestone elevation at Raikküla is especially impressive. Hills and ridges dominate in the Kõrvemaa region in the eastern part of the county where one can discover also scenic mires with bog pools. About 50 large and three huge erratic boulders are scattered on the territory of Rapla County. Kivimustreid Raplamaa rändrahnudest / Rock patterns from erratic boulders in Rapla County
3 130 Aandu karstiorg asub Kohila lähedal. Siin neeldub Teemanti oja vesi kolmes karstilehtris, et siis poolteist kilomeetrit eemal uuesti päevavalgele jõuda. Aandu karst valley is situated near Kohila. Here the waters of the Teemanti Brook fall into three sinkholes and rise again to the ground surface 1.5 km away. Pae karstiala asub Rapla külje alla. Siinsel loopealsel on nii langatuslehtreid kui avalõhesid, aga ka mõned karstikoopad. Kohati on paepind läbitud karridest madalatest looklevatest vaokestest ja lohukestest. Pae karst field is located in the immediate vicinity of Rapla town. On the alvar one can find collapse funnels and open fissures, but also a few karst caves. In places, the limestone surface is partitioned by karren small shallow winding hollows and grooves. Örde allikad, mille vesi pärineb Kuimetsa karstialalt, asuvad maakonna kirdenurgas. Kolmest allikast suurim avaneb 10-meetrise läbimõõduga allikalehtri põhjas. Örde springs in the northeastern corner of the county derive their water from the Kuimetsa karst field. The largest of the three springs flows out on the bottom of a spring funnel, 10 m in diameter.
4 131 RAPLA COUNTY Kuimetsa karstiala asub Raplamaa kirdenurgas. Siit leiame langatusorge ja karstilehtreid, siit saab alguse ka 3 km pikkune salajõgi. Karstikoopaid on siin lausa kümmekond kaugelt rohkem kui kusagil mujal Eestis. Kuimetsa karst field is situated in the northeasternmost part of Rapla County. Here one can see collapse valleys and sinkholes, it is also the starting point of a 3-km-long underground river. Besides, there are some ten karst caves, which is by far more than elsewhere in Estonia.
5 RAPLA MAAKOND 132 Raikküla Pakamägi asub Rapla lähedal. Seda ääristavas kuni 5 meetri kõrguses astangus avaneb sadu miljoneid aastaid tagasi Siluri-aegses madalmeres tekkinud paekivi. Paljud Rapla kandi ehitised on laotud siinse murru paest. Iganõmme Pakamägi (all keskel). Raikküla Pakamägi Hill is situated near Rapla town. The upper part of its 5-m-high escarpment displays limestone formed in the shallow Silurian sea hundreds of millions years ago. Many buildings in Rapla and its environs are made of the limestone taken from the local quarry. Iganõmme Pakamägi (below middle).
6 Eestimaa kivide kuningas nii suurejoonelise nime on endale saanud see rabakivist hiidrahn, mida ka Pahkla Suurkiviks on kutsutud. Kuninglikkusest jääb tal aga paraku puudu, sest mahult on ta Eesti suurte rändrahnude seas alles 43. kohal. Lisaks Suurkivile leiame Pahkla kandist veel kolm suurt rabakivist rändrahnu, neist suurim on Mägrakivi (all), millel kõrgust ligi 4 meetrit ja ümbermõõtu pisut üle 20 meetri. 133 RAPLA COUNTY Pahkla Suurkivi (above) is an erratic boulder 4.5 m high and has a circumference of 30 m. Although it is called the king of Estonian boulders, it by no means is among the largest erratic boulders of Estonia. At Pahkla one can find three more large rapakivi boulders, the biggest being Mägrakivi (left), which is almost 4 m high and a bit over 20 m in circumference.
7 Avaste mägi, mis Märjamaast veidi lääne poole jääb, on jalamilt küll vaid pisut üle 10 meetri kõrge, kuid ümbritseva soise tasandiku taustal mõjub suisa ilmutisena. Tegu on Siluri-aegse korallrahuga. Mäe lääneja põhjanõlva 3 km pikkuselt ääristav järsk astang tekkis tuhandeid aastaid tagasi, kui siin laiutanud meri ta jalamit murrutas. Avaste Hill is located somewhat westward of Märjamaa borough. This 10-m-high coral reef was formed in the Silurian. The escarpment edging its western and northern slopes for 3 km formed thousands of years ago in the result of sea abrasion. Vahastu Suurkivi kuulub samuti hiidrahnude hulka. Graniidist rändrahn on ümbermõõdult küll kivide kuningaga ühte mõõtu, kuid temast pea 2 meetri jagu madalam. Vahastu Suurkivi is a huge erratic boulder made of granite, by circumference it is similar to Pahkla Suurkivi, but is nearly 2 m lower than the latter.
8 Mukri raba asub maakonna kagunurgas. Sellest kunagise järve kinnikasvamisel tekkinud rabast leiame rohkelt laukaid ja järvekesi, aga ka ulatuslikke älvelisi alasid. Mukri bog in the southeastern corner of the county formed as a result of overgrowing of a lake. Here one can find numerous bog pools and lakelets, but also extensive areas with bog hollows. 135 RAPLA COUNTY
9 Paluküla Hiiemägi on oma 106 meetriga Eesti lääneosa kõrgeimaks kohaks. Keava ja Lelle kandis kohtame veel hulgaliselt teisigi jääajast pärinevaid pinnavorme künkaid, lohke ja vallseljakuid. In the environs of Keava and Lelle numerous glacial landforms including hills, depressions and ridges occur. The highest point of the region as well as the whole western Estonia is the local Paluküla Hiiemägi Hill that is 106 m high. Keava raba paikneb kunagises järvenõos, mis jääb Keava ja Paluküla mägede vahele. Laukad levivad siin kolme vööndina. Esineb soosaari. Rabast saab alguse mitu jõge. Keava bog is located in a former lake depression between Keava and Paluküla hills. The bog pools spread in three belts. Islands of mineral land occur. Several rivers start from the bog.
10 Lümandu veerohked allikad asuvad Raplamaa loodenurgas Hageri ligidal, pargitiigi põhjas. Tiigist väljuvoolava oja vooluhulk on liitrit sekundis. Lümandu springs abounding in water are situated near Hageri in the northwestern corner of the county. They flow out on the bottom of the pond in the local park. The discharge of the brook flowing out from the pond is l/sec.
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