Tectonic Lakes-Climatic and Anthropogenic Impacts

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Tectonic Lakes-Climatic and Anthropogenic Impacts"

Imogen Wheeler
5 years ago
Views:

European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2011 Vienna Austria 03-08 April 2011 Session: Lakes and Inland Seas Tectonic Lakes-Climatic and

1 European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2011 Vienna Austria April 2011 Session: Lakes and Inland Seas Tectonic Lakes-Climatic and Anthropogenic Impacts Cvetanka Popovska University of Ss Cyril & Methodius Faculty of Civil Engineering Skopje, Republic of Macedonia

European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2011 Vienna Austria 03-08 April

921 km2 289 m 703 mm Prespa Lake 3,5-5 million years 4,8 billion m3 854 m asl

2 European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2011 Vienna Austria April 2011 Ohrid Lake 3,5-5 million years 50,7 billion m3 693 m asl km2 289 m 703 mm Prespa Lake 3,5-5 million years 4,8 billion m3 854 m asl km2 52,4 m 693 mm Dojran Lake 3 million years 265 million m3 145 m asl 271,8 km2 10 m 630 mm

3 Ohrid Lake-Ohrid Hmin Hav Hmax Hav LT Water level H (cm) Time T (year) UNESCO Cultural and Natural Heritage Site in 1980 Resident time of about 75 years explains high endemism of lake s biology

4 Prespa Lake-Stenje Hmin Hav Hmax Hav LT Water level H (m a.s.l.) Long term average water level 847, Time T (year) Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums-RAPS (Garbrecht&Fernandez, 1994)

5 Dojran Lake-Nov Dojran Hmin Hav LT Water level H (m a.s.l.) Long term average water level 145,23 Hav Hmax Time T (year) 2012

6 Questions: Do we understand the hydrological cycle completely? Shall we reconsider hydro-logical cycle as hydro-ilogical cycle? The four Laws (Commoner B., 1970): Everything is connected to everything else Everything must go somewhere Nature knows best There is no such a thing as free lunch

7 Projects: Feasibility Study-Transboundary Prespa Park Project, 2005 (KfW) Development of Prespa Lake Watershed Management Plan, 2010 (UNDP&GEF) (on-going) Improvement of Management of Transboundary Water Resources in the Vardar River Basin, Package 5: Lake Dojran, 2007 (CARDS) Lake Ohrid Conservation Project, 2002 (GEF&World Bank)

8 Source: Popovska & Bonacci, 2007

9 Source: KfW Feasibility Study, 2005

10 Inflow-outflow ( ) MCM Total inflow into the lake Inflow from Micro Prespa Lake (spill and seepage) Total water abstraction (irrigation and water supply) 380,2 Losses due to karstic outflow Losses due to evaporation 803,2 Lake volume losses Computational balance (inflows-outflows) Source: Development of Prespa Park Management Plan, 2010 (UNDP&GEF)

11 Water quality High Good Moderate Poor Bad Source: Development of Prespa Park Management Plan, 2010 (UNDP&GEF)

12 Delineation is carried out following EU documents: Guidance document No.2 Identification of Water Bodies Guidance document No.4 Identification of Heavily Modified and Artificial Water Bodies

13 Kostu r n o O r m a n l i Dorlobos M e m e { l i Rabrovo Rudnik e stovo a ndol Bajrambos Xumabes Organxali Sevendekli Dedel i MACEDONIA F u r k a ^ a l a k l i S o b r i P rsten ^ a u { li C r n i ~ a ni op~eli Buluntuli Ko~uli Ba{ibos Durutli Kurtamzali Nikoli} Derven rema GREECE Novi Dojran Bogdanci Star Dojran Stari Dojran Sretenovo Stojakovo S e l e m l i Karstified basin composed of mineral-rich ancient alluvial and limestone sediments

14 Simulated and observed water levels (Rainfall-runoff model HYSIM) Source: Manley, Spirovska, Andovska, BALWOIS 2008 (Improvement of Management of Transboundary Water Resources, Package 5: Dojran Lake, 2007)

15 Maximum capacity 30 million m3/annually Source: NATO ARW: Popovska & Bonacci, Lednice, 2007

16 CONCLUSIONS/DISSCUSION Like it or not.. Climate, Water, Weather and Society are integrally linked Scientists separate them for research purposes Societies separate them for administrative purposes We forget that Water Cycle and Life Cycle are one (Jacques Cousteau)

17 Instead action by words we need action on the field Lakes watersheds needs rain-gauges at higher altitudes Snowfall and snow density data are missing Evapotranspiration and evaporation data are missing Hydrogeological investigations are not sufficient Water quality monitoring is not sufficient Integrated Management Plans should be developed Lakes watersheds needs restoration

18 Thank you

INSURED - INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR AN INTEGRATED AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF WATER RESOURCES OF DRINI-DRIM RIVER

BALWOIS 2004 Ohrid, Macedonia, 25-29 May2004 INSURED - INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR AN INTEGRATED AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF WATER RESOURCES OF DRINI-DRIM RIVER Agim Selenica\ Miriam Boqdanl', Marc Morell 2, Josif