The mystery of the missing N. N. Hill Brass Co. buildings Part 2.

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Jeremy Andrews
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10-20-2015 The mystery of the missing N. N. Hill Brass Co. buildings Part 2. Some N. N. Hill Brass Co. images and dates create a mystery of disappearing buildings.

The buildings can be seen in a 1880 drawing with a Birds Eye View. The Niles buildings can be seen to the left/south of the stream on Niles Ave. N. N. Hill occupied the former Niles building before building the brick factories.

One of the buildings to the south side of the stream (to the left) is visible. On the other side of the shop is the brick office building.

Multiple telephone lines and the wood cross members to support them were installed in East Hampton around 1902, so this photo was taken sometime after

It shows the bridges that would have at one time connected the brick factory buildings to the buildings on the right side, or south side, of the

1 The mystery of the missing N. N. Hill Brass Co. buildings Part 2. Some N. N. Hill Brass Co. images and dates create a mystery of disappearing buildings. Visual Clues In the 1880s, before Norman N. Hill purchased the property, H. E. Niles had a coffin trimming concern on the south side of the stream. The buildings can be seen in a 1880 drawing with a Birds Eye View. The Niles buildings can be seen to the left/south of the stream on Niles Ave. N. N. Hill occupied the former Niles building before building the brick factories. In this postcard image looking west across the N. N. Hill Brass Co. upper pond, the brick shop with the tower is in the center. One of the buildings to the south side of the stream (to the left) is visible. On the other side of the shop is the brick office building. Telephone poles can be seen to the right, along Skinner Street. Multiple telephone lines and the wood cross members to support them were installed in East Hampton around 1902, so this photo was taken sometime after This photo looking upstream, or east, behind the former N. N. Hill Brass Co. buildings was taken in 2003 by Robert Watrous. It shows the bridges that would have at one time connected the brick factory buildings to the buildings on the right side, or south side, of the Pocotopaug stream where the former Niles or N. N. Hill buildings had been. Note how the bridge in the background is connected to the third floor of the factory, and on the other side of the stream the bridge ends up in the air.

2 When did the N. N. Hill buildings get built, and when did the buildings meet their demise? The Niles Parmalee & Co. buildings date to approximately 1853 From History of Middlesex County, Connecticut: With Biographical Sketches of Its Prominent Men, J.B. Beers & Company, Middlesex County (Conn.), Niles, Parmelee & Co. The next buildings in order on the stream (downstream from Watrous Mfg. Co.) are those formerly used by Niles, Parmelee & Co. for the manufacture of bells. They were erected about Later, they were used by D. B. Niles & Sons for the manufacture of bells and coffin trimmings, and still later by the Albany Casket Company for the manufacture of caskets and cofiin trimmings. The buildings are at present unused, but are in good repair. N. N. Hill rents the Niles buildings It s easy to see how N. N. Hill managed to get reestablished so quickly after the fire destroyed his shop, when just upstream from his former building was a factory that was in good repair and unoccupied. N. N. Hill considers purchasing the Niles property In 1892 or 1893, (I have to check the ledger photos for the letter date) N. N. Hill was renting a property from Niles, and paying for building repairs on it. N. N. Hill sent Niles a letter with a decision not to purchase the property. From N. N. Hill Brass Co. ledgers, at U.C. S. B., Box 1 Vol. 9/21/1892-6/7/1893 (photo d by RKW check file for the date on the letter) Mr. Hill eventually bought the Niles factory property. (A note of caution, this letter may not be about the factory property. )There is probably a deed record. I don t think Norman would have built a building before he bought the land. According to History of Middlesex County, Conn. With Biographical Sketches, Dan B. (Niles) was a bell manufacturer and carried on the business for a number of years in connection with his sons, under the firm name of D. B. Niles & Sons. He died in That means Norman must have bought the property from the sons. According to the Tighe & Bond report N.N. Hill transferred the property to W. N. Hill in The Tighe & Bond report didn t go back any earlier. The first brick factory building with the tower plus two other brick buildings predate 1897 based on the following note: In 1890 July 15, The 20x30 feet, two story building of N. N. Hill burned down. Within two months Mr. Hill was again established in a new factory, and from this time on the business has increased with phenomenal rapidity. Within eight years, starting on an insignificant scale, an enterprise has been developed which is today the largest exclusive bell plant in the world. Mr. Hill is the sole proprietor. The plant (This was written in RKW) occupies three large brick buildings and has today the capacity for over fifty thousand bells per day. (From Men of Progress, Biographical Sketches and Portraits, Leaders in Business and Professional Life in and of the State of Connecticut, New England Magazine Boston copyrighted 1897 by Richard Herndon, page 254, Hill, Norman Newton.) The 1897 date of the article above pins down that the brick buildings were built by this date. The notes below may indicate they came around 1891 or sometime after 1892 or On March 9 th, 1891 N. N. Hill was inquiring about the price for good pine ceiling 3 or 4 inches wide. We want something suitable for ceiling for an office. Was this for the new brick office building or an office in the building Hill was renting? (From a note on N. N. Hill letterhead, to Lincoln & Barr (? Spelling).signed by N. N. Hill, in the collection of Robert Watrous) By 1898 the office building was added The 1898 sleigh bell catalog did not show the office building. The office building could have been built before the catalog of 1898 was sent out, and N. N. hill just hadn t changed the drawing yet and printed the catalog with the drawing they had. In 1898 the Illustrated Edition of the Penny Press had an article on East Hampton. The drawing for the N N Hill Brass Company was the same as the one used in the 1898 slegh bell catalog, showing the buildings on both sides of the stream. It also stated

in the article about N. N. Hill, A new office buiding twenty-four by forty feet has been completed. This dates the office building construction to sometime around 1897-1898.

3 in the article about N. N. Hill, A new office buiding twenty-four by forty feet has been completed. This dates the office building construction to sometime around a foundry was added 1900 The N. N. Hill Brass Company located at East Hampton report having constructed a onestory frame iron foundry, 30x48 feet, at the estimated cost of $800. Public Documents of the State of Connecticut, Bureau of Labor Statistics, page 106, Vol. II, 1900, printed by order of the State of General Assembly Hartford a brick addition was added? According to the Tighe & Bond report N N Hill added a three story brick pier wing 100 ft x 41 ft to the factory around The Tighe and Bond Report has some useful information, however I have found some errors, so one should be careful to corroborate the report with other sources, and be careful in the interpretation. Their source was the Society for Industrial Archaeology. Newspaper accounts put the addition of the third floor later, 1949, and photographs show the distinct architectural change of the third floor. Perhaps a one floor addition was put up in 1910 and one floor was added to in 1941, or perhaps the two story addition was put up in There s a discrepancy. This discrepancy might be resolved by checking the Sanborn maps. The foundry was shown on the 1903 Sanborn map. This early photograph of the N. N. Hill buildings shows the office in the front. It predates the additions to the shop off to the left. Looking closely the pipe for the water power can be seen to the left behind the building. The photograph is from the collection of the Chatham Historical Society. From the early 1900s till the fires in the 1940s the buildings remain, the uses change slightly In the 1925 Sanborn Map the building configuration stayed the same and one of the buildings on the south side of the creek is devoted to tumbling processes. From the Tighe & Bond Report SECTION 4, INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS, Environmental Site Overview. Pages 4-10 & 4-11 : Hill s first shop burned in 1890 and he began construction of the extant brick-pier factory, 3-story and 100 ft x 35 ft with stair tower and near-flat roof. The 1-story brick foundry, 128 ft x 30 ft with monitor roof, and 2-story brick office with hip roof also date from Hill added a 3-story brick pier wing, 100 ft x 41 ft, to the factory around 1910 (Society for Industrial Archeology). The 1903 Sanborn Map depicts the NN Hill industrial complex centered on the Pocotopaug Creek. The name of the industrial complex is listed as National Novelty Corporation N.N. Hill Brass Company. This is the same toy consortium as Gong Bell Company. The foundry is illustrated running perpendicular to the Creek with a blast furnace and chimney located inside the foundry. A cupola was located to the southwest of the building. Presumably, the cupola was used for remelting metals, usually iron, before casting. To the east of the foundry, north of the Creek, the 3-story brick pier factory is shown. The first floor was used as a machine shop. A dynamo is located in the northeast corner of the building. The second floor was used for assembling. The third floor was used for plating and buffing. A stock house is located south of the river. This two-story storage facility kept wood shavings and boxing on the first floor with unknown storage on the second floor. The remaining building was a two-story brick office building and storeroom. This building was to the north and adjacent to Skinner Street. The power for the complex was listed as water and electric, the heat was provided by steam, lights by electricity, and power was provided by coal. There was a coal pile and iron storage area located near Pocotopaug Creek. The

1908 Sanborn Map details virtually the same features as the 1903. The name of the building has been changed to the Hardware and Woodenware Manufacturing Company N.N. Hill Brass Company Branch.

4 1908 Sanborn Map details virtually the same features as the The name of the building has been changed to the Hardware and Woodenware Manufacturing Company N.N. Hill Brass Company Branch. After the dissolution of the National Novelty Corporation, many toy manufactures joined the Hardware and Woodenware Manufacturing Company. Similar to its predecessor, this consortium dissolved shortly after its creation. The 1925 Sanborn Map shows a virtually unchanged industrial complex. The name of the industry is now N.N. Hill Brass Company Manufacturer of Brass Goods. There is a building, located to the south of the Creek, dedicated to tumbling processes. Review of the 1934 aerial photograph shows the buildings as mostly the same configuration. 1941, May, an addition was made to an existing building 100 by 40 making the structure two stories high. In June 1944, a fire swept through and caused considerable damage to the top floor of a 2 ½ story wooden warehouse. (see article above) Note that it did not destroy the building. Most likely the building was repaired, because later a bridge would connect this building to the third floor of the brick shop built five years later. In July of 1946 a fire destroyed a paint shop, described as a 30 x 30 wooden structure. (see article above) In August of 1949 a thrird floor addition to the factory was added. The N. N. Hill Brass Co. office building is in the foreground. Looking past the brick buildings to the right on can see a tall dark building that was across the stream from the small brick building behind the main factory. The main factory had the third floor addition completed before this photograph was taken. Courtesy of Barbara Sargent

5 Property Sale History According to the Tighe & Bond report: Sale History, Real Estate, Transaction Year Leroy J. Goff to SGOFF Enterprises, LLC 2004 Chevron USA to Goff 1979 Red Wing Oil to Chevron 1958 W&N Hill to Chevron 1953 NN Hill to W&N Hill 1894 This photograph, courtesy of Barbara Sargent, shows the N. N. Hill Brass Co. buildings after the third floor addition, placing the date sometime after Written clues not pursued yet: The East Hampton News online archive has the date range of 1887 to 1888, and 1932 to This of course leaves out some critical periods of East Hampton bell and bell toy making history. There are some recollections of earlier articles in the newspapers after 1932, but they are spotty. There s no mention of the construction of the first brick buildings in the East Hampton News. The dates of construction fall through the 1888 to 1932 gap. There may be articles in the Penny Press. There might be an answer to the construction dates of the brick buildings in the cash ledgers of N. N. Hill at the Connecticut Historical Society. They cover the years I have not scanned or reviewed all of them yet. What happened to the office building? The date of the demise of the office building remains unknown. Surprisingly, it s easier to find information on events that happened over a hundred years ago than it is to find out about something that happened within the past fifty years. What happened to the buildings on the south side of the stream in the 1800s? I don t think much happened at all. All of the evidence confirms that the wooden buildings, formerly used by Niles on the south side of the stream existed and were being used by N. N. Hill until the fires in 1944, and Why did N.N. Hill have the buildings removed from the drawing?

6 N. N. Hill had the buildings removed from the drawing some time after 1898 and before Why they were removed from the drawing remains a mystery. All we are left with is speculation. There are several possible reasons for N. N. Hill to change the drawing: Perhaps N. N. Hill did not want to show the buildings because he was not using these buildings for bell making then. His advertisement showed the buildings being Devoted Exclusively to the Manufacture of Bells. Perhaps he was trying to differentiate his business from that of Bevin Bros. or his new competitor, New Departure. Perhaps the buildings, built in 1853, which were in good repair in 1880s, were in disrepair by the 1890s, and N. N. Hill anticipated razing them, but later found them handy for other uses as his business continued to grow. Floods might have explained a sudden deterioration in the condition of these buildings, but major floods happened in 1869, 1934, 1936, and None of these dates would explain a sudden deterioration between 1880 and Perhaps the former Niles buildings were all destroyed before the new drawing was made, and after the drawing was made new wooden buildings were built on the far side of the stream. This theory can be dismissed as newspaper accounts would have chronicled either the destruction of the old buildings or the construction of the new buildings. One could speculate that someone might have been renting/using the buildings on the south side of the stream in the late 1800s and N. N. Hill wanted to focus the drawing on the buildings N. N. Hill was using and were devoted to bell manufacturing. If that was so, who was using the buildings, for what time period, and when did Norman start reusing them in the 1900s? This is pure speculation, and I ve found no evidence to support it. The Sanborn maps do not show any other firms were occupying the buildings. Some may speculate that Watrous Manufacturing Co. was using the buildings, but this does not make sense for the pre-1900 timeframe, as Watrous Mfg. Co. was using their buildings on Main Street when a fire broke out in in one of them in 1900, and they quickly rebuilt their facilities. Many have speculated that Watrous Mfg. Co. and N. N. Hill Brass were under the same roof when both of the firms were branhces during the consolidation under the National Novelty Corp. and Hardware and Woodenware era of 1903 to This period comes after the drawings were done so it does not help explain the drawing change. Because truth can be stranger than fiction I m sure there are other possible explainations I have not thought of. The mystery prompted by the drawing changes pushed me to look at the evolution of the N. N. Hill buildings in a way I would not have without the mystery. The history of the buildings reflects the history of the firm. Life is good, Bob Watrous Special thanks to: Middlesex County Historical Society, Debby Shapiro for the Illustrated Penny Press article East Hampton Public Library for the acccess to the East Hampton News articles Chatham Historical Society, for their photograph. Barbara Sargent, for the N. N. Hill building photographs. Tighe&Bond for the environmental report and the Sanborn Maps information.

INLAND STEEL COMPANY, INDIANA HARBOR WORKS PHOTOGRAPHS,

Collection # P 0711 INLAND STEEL COMPANY, INDIANA HARBOR WORKS PHOTOGRAPHS, 1926 Collection Information 1 Historical Sketch 2 Scope and Content Note 3 Contents 4 Processed by Dalton Gackle July 2018 Manuscript