Building a PT network for the real Wellington

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1 Building a PT network for the real Wellington Brent Efford NZ Agent, Light Rail Transit Assn Winston Churchill fellow 2003 (WELL- track US light rail study tour) Information Officer, Trams- Action Editor/publisher KiwiTram and Tramway Topics

2 Prof Peter Newman, 19/8/13 2

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4 A network that works! The steel backbone that makes the buses stronger Trams-Action s proposal for a rational and efficient public transport network for Wellington 7/7/10, updated 23/9/13 Otaki Waikanae Masterton Featherston Wairarapa local Kapiti suburbs Paraparaumu Upper Hutt local Upper Hutt Titahi Bay Porirua East & Whitby Lower Hutt local Porirua city centre Stokes Valley Northern suburbs Lincolnshire Farms Lower Hutt Queensgate Waterloo Wainuiomata Johnsonville Newlands Petone Karori Mall Karori Karori local Victoria University Brooklyn Kingston Ohiro Bay, Vogeltown etc Massey University Regional Hospital- Newtown Wellington CBD Island Bay Southern hill & coast areas Wellington inner local Hataitai Lyall Bay & Marine Ed Ctr Kilbirnie Ferry Miramar Seatoun Peninsula local Wellington International Airport Eastbourne Key Rail backbone: EMU/diesel Tram-train Trunk bus Trolleybus Local bus (mini?) Main centre Interchange Low-density area 4

5 Wellington s rail system was very successful, given the relatively low population it served, but the comparison with Zurich suggested a significant capacity for further improvement. Public transport network planning: a guide to best practice in NZ cities March Benchmarking public transport in New Zealand cities Wellington s rail system was very successful, given the relatively low population it served, but the comparison with Zurich suggested a significant capacity for further improvement. Figure 3.4 The Canton Zurich bus rail (and ferry) network P Mees Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Australia J Stone GAMUT Centre, University of Melbourne, Australia M Imran Massey University, New Zealand G Nielson Institute of Transport Economics, Oslo, Norway Note: Colours represent regional S- Bahn lines: black = long- distance national rail fine blue lines = bus and ferry services. New Zealand Transport Agency research report Comparing Christchurch and Schaffhausen The urban forms of these two cities are not very similar, so comparisons should be made with caution. However, Schaffhausen s public transport is so strikingly successful that we believe it offers lessons for 33 5

6 Wellington Public Transport Spine Study 1 March 2011 Terms of Reference 1. Study Outline The overall study objective is to assess the feasibility and merits of a range of longer- term options for providing a high frequency and high quality public transport system between the Wellington Railway Station and the Wellington Regional Hospital, including possible connections to the north and south- east, to support the urban intensification of this growth corridor. 1.1 Introduction Terms of Reference document, March 2011 The Wellington Public Transport Spine Study is a joint study to be led by Greater Wellington in partnership with the NZ Transport Agency and Wellington City Council. This Terms of Reference defines the scope of what is proposed to be covered by the study, as well as outlining the strategic context in which this study is to be carried out, the proposed timing and governance arrangements, and expected deliverables. 1.2 Purpose The overall purpose of the study is to assess the feasibility of a high quality public transport system in the Ngauranga to Airport (N2A) Corridor, as specified in the N2A Corridor Plan. The overall study objective is to assess the feasibility and merits of a range of longer-term options for providing a high frequency and high quality public transport system between the Wellington Railway Station and the Wellington Regional Hospital, including possible connections to the north and south-east, to support the urban intensification of this growth corridor. Sub-objectives are: 1. To determine the desirable characteristics of a high quality public transport system in the context of the N2A corridor. 2. To understand the interdependence between land use patterns/densities and transport infrastructure and what the trigger points are for one to support the other. 3. To assess the merits of alternative routes through the Station Hospital corridor and possible connections beyond this. 4. To estimate the costs, transport benefits, inherent resilience to emergencies, compatibility and other impacts of different public transport modes along this corridor and any potential connections to the existing PT network. 5. To advise on the relative merits of alternative route and modal options for providing a high quality PT system in the corridor over the medium/longer-term, including the need for, indicative timing and phasing of the most meritorious options. 6. To provide all relevant research evidence to assist decision-making on the long-term future planning for public transport along this key growth corridor. It will be critical that the study is well integrated with the concepts being developed as part of the new Regional Public Transport Plan (RPTP). In particular, the concept of a layered network approach with an identified Rapid Transit Network (RTN) as the core spine. This study will be 6

7 What is missing from the PTSS ToR? Sustainability, adaptation, climate change etc Urbanist vision Economic development, TOD etc Comparability with state highway spine in terms of continuity and reach to the Airport etc Providing transport choice or competition with private car transport, as driving stagnates Moving towards renewable electricity as a transport fuel Connection with 75% of the population! 7

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11 Rail system is the PT trunk for 75% of the metro population Carries 70% of the total PT passenger/km Covers 92% of the SH1+2 transport corridor Last available pax/km stats GWRC PT Opex to 31/12/12 11

12 A B C D E F Chesham Amersham Uxbridge Hillingdon Heathrow Terminals 1, 2, 3 Heathrow Terminal Watford High Barnet Cockfosters Epping Chalfont & Latimer Totteridge & Whetstone Oakwood Theydon Bois Croxley Woodside Park Debden Chorleywood Southgate Loughton Mill Hill East Rickmansworth West Finchley Edgware Buckhurst Hill Moor Park Stanmore Arnos Grove Roding West Ruislip Northwood Harrow & Burnt Oak Valley Chigwell Wealdstone Canons Park Finchley Central Bounds Green Northwood Hills Ickenham Ruislip Gardens South Ruislip Northolt Greenford Perivale Hounslow East Hanger Lane Ealing Broadway North Ealing South Ealing Northfields Boston Manor Osterley Key to symbols Ruislip Rayners Lane Ruislip Manor Eastcote Park Royal Ealing Common Hounslow Central Hounslow West Hatton Cross for Heathrow Terminal 4 A wheelchair symbol means you can use this station without using stairs or escalators An arrow means you can use this station without using stairs or escalators only if you want to catch a train going in the same direction as the arrow is pointing An empty blue circle means you might be able to change trains without using stairs or escalators (check overleaf). You will not be able to get in or out of the station without using stairs or escalators Chiswick Park West Harrow South Harrow Sudbury Hill Alperton West Acton Pinner Sudbury Town Acton Town Turnham Green Gunnersbury Richmond North Harrow Northwick Park South Kenton North Wembley Wembley Central Stonebridge Park Harlesden Willesden Junction North Acton Kew Gardens Bow Bromleyby-Bow Stepney Road Green Whitechapel Bow Church Devons Road Harrowon-the-Hill Stamford Brook Latimer Road East Acton Kenton Preston Road Queensbury Kingsbury Kensal Green Queen's Park Kilburn Park Maida Vale Warwick Avenue Royal Oak Westbourne Park Ladbroke Grove White City Shepherd s Bush Goldhawk Road Hammersmith Ravenscourt Park A filled blue circle means you cannot catch a train or change trains at this station or by these lines without using stairs or escalators Accessible National Rail connection Accessible airport connection Accessible Tramlink connection Replacement bus service Wembley Park Shepherd s Bush West Kensington Paddington Holland Park Kensington (Olympia) Barons Court Neasden Dollis Hill Bayswater Fulham Broadway East Putney Southfields Queensway Kilburn Lancaster Gate Knightsbridge River Thames Colindale Hendon Central West Hampstead Edgware Road Marylebone Paddington Notting Hill Gate High Street Kensington West Brompton Parsons Green Putney Bridge Willesden Green Edgware Road Marble Arch Hyde Park Corner Bond Street Sloane Square Brent Cross Golders Green Finchley Road Earl s Gloucester South Court Road Kensington Victoria Swiss Cottage Pimlico Hampstead St. John s Wood Baker Street Regent s Park Vauxhall Oxford Circus Green Park St. James s Park Belsize Park Chalk Farm Warren Street Piccadilly Circus Great Portland Street Westminster Stockwell Clapham North Wimbledon Park Clapham Common Clapham South Wimbledon Balham Tooting Bec Tooting Broadway Colliers Wood South Wimbledon Morden Camden Town Mornington Crescent Tottenham Court Road Waterloo Kennington Oval Euston Euston Square Goodge Street Brixton Holborn Leicester Square Charing Cross Russell Square Chancery Lane Covent Garden Lambeth North King s Cross St. Pancras Embankment East Finchley Highgate Tufnell Park Kentish Town Angel Farringdon Barbican St. Paul s Cannon Street Mansion House Southwark Waterloo East Improvement works may affect your journey. Check before you travel, call or visit tfl.gov.uk Temple Holloway Road Caledonian Road Blackfriars Borough Archway Elephant & Castle Wood Green Turnpike Lane Manor House Arsenal Old Street Moorgate Bank Monument London Bridge Highbury & Islington Liverpool Street Aldgate Tower Hill Fenchurch Street River Thames Bermondsey Seven Sisters Finsbury Park Shoreditch Aldgate East Shadwell Tower Gateway Rotherhithe Surrey Quays New Cross Gate Tottenham Hale Canada Water Bethnal Green Blackhorse Road Wapping Key to lines and points to remember Mile End New Cross Walthamstow Central All Saints Limehouse Westferry West India Quay Canary Wharf Heron Quays South Quay Crossharbour Mudchute Island Gardens Poplar Woodford South Woodford Snaresbrook Leytonstone Stratford Blackwall Leyton Pudding Mill Lane Cutty Sark for Maritime Greenwich Greenwich Deptford Bridge Elverson Road Lewisham Bakerloo Special fares apply for printed single and return tickets to and from Harrow & Wealdstone. Regent s Park station closed. For closure dates see station publicity or use contact details shown Central No service Woodford - Hainault after 2000 daily. Lancaster Gate station closed. For closure dates see station publicity or use contact details shown Circle Cannon Street open until 2100 Mondays to Fridays. Open Saturdays 0730 to Closed Sundays. District Cannon Street open until 2100 Mondays to Fridays. Open Saturdays 0730 to Closed Sundays. Earl s Court - Kensington (Olympia) 0700 to 2345 Mondays to Saturdays, 0800 to 2345 Sundays. East London Shoreditch station is permanently closed. A replacement bus service will operate between Shoreditch (Bethnal Green Road) and Whitechapel at the following times: Monday-Friday and Saturday - no replacement bus service. Sunday Hammersmith No service Whitechapel - Barking early morning or late evening Mondays & City to Saturdays or all day Sundays. Jubilee Metropolitan For Chesham change at Chalfont & Latimer on most trains. East India North Greenwich Wanstead Redbridge Gants Hill Becontree East Ham Upton Park Plaistow West Ham Upney Grange Hill Hainault Fairlop Barkingside Newbury Park Upminster Dagenham East Dagenham Heathway Barking Canning Town Royal Victoria West Silvertown Pontoon Dock Custom House for ExCeL London Woolwich Arsenal Upminster Bridge Hornchurch Elm Park Prince Regent Royal Albert London City Airport Beckton Park Cyprus Gallions Reach King George V under construction Beckton Northern At off-peak times most trains run to/from Morden via the Bank branch. To travel to/from the Charing Cross branch please change at Kennington. On Sundays between 1300 and 1730, Camden Town is open for interchange and exit only. Piccadilly No service Uxbridge - Rayners Lane in the early mornings. Heathrow Terminal 4 Underground station closed until Replacement bus service September Replacement bus services run from Hatton Cross. between Hatton Cross and Heathrow Terminal 4 Turnham Green is served by Piccadilly line trains early mornings and late evenings. Covent Garden station gets very busy at weekends and in the evenings, but you can avoid the crowds by walking there from Holborn, Leicester Square or Charing Cross. The short walk is clearly signposted above ground and maps are on display at each station. Victoria F Waterloo & City Waterloo & City closed until September DLR Under construction National Rail 12 Transport for London A B C D E

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23 The location of the Railway Station on the northern edge of the CBD is a major deterrent to rail use in comparison with the use of a car, particularly for shorter distance travellers. De Leuw Cather

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38 Depot?? 38

39 Glengowrie Depot, Adelaide 39

40 2/10 not achieved! Depot?? 40

41 ,730 Karlsruhe before & after ,713 1, Arapaho Ctr Dwntwn Garland Parker Road Express Bus LRT Dallas

42 Karlsruhe Christchurch Basle Freiburgh Mulhouse Melbourne 42

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44 Manchester Croydon Melbourne Nottingham 44

45 Calgary why not Wellington? 45

46 Karlsruhe Tours, Fr Nantes Houston San Diego Paris Portland 46

47 Subject line: Subscribe 36 audience plea se forward! Yet another new Posted Tue 10 Sep 2013, 1:41pm AEST French tramway... Tours Line A gets underway FRANCE: Celebr ations were held in Tours on August 31 to mark the inauguration of the country s 25th modern tram network. [...] The 15 km (9.32 mile) north-south light rail Line A links Vaucan son in the northe ast with Lycée Jean Monet in the southwestern suburb of Joué-les-Tour s, serving 29 stops. Alstom has also supplied the signal- s website e from Eurotram nd... (141 feet) long Tramsformati with capacity Coast light rail on: a pretty section for 76 seated and 204 priority for the system are being on the new Tours standing passen Tours unloaded at the gers. through Hagley Park tramway. Landscaping like this couldlight rail system. Greening the route Completed at Port of Brisban in Christchurch. be applied in Wellingto was a high a cost of 433m e. n in Kent Terrace Two of the 43 (USD $570.9 Wellington PT and metre-long (141 million) in curren Spine Study... foot) prices[...] carriages that t will carry passen Brent Efford Rail-hater north of the gers between the With more than has his say railway station Parklands and new trees, 75% of the BroadNZ Agent, Light beach 6 7 Advo km popula from (4.16 cates next Rail Transit Assn miles) of grassed of light rail for June arrived on 92% of the region tion and align- lingto a ment and 19 3 ship from Germa WelPO Box 2626, al transport n are ignoring km (11.99 miles) Wellington 6140 ny overnight. spine. cycle paths, the of the facts, brent.efford@ [...] writes Tony Randl tram project techmedia.co.n bus conges has provided the z e. tion opport in centra With the latest The recently unity to transl Wellington is form much of arrival, released Wellin a serious issue the city, creatin Coast is still waiting the Gold spine study gton s.net/ and only a netwo g what its promoters recom on another 12 describe as a rk design expanding public mendations on trams to have which includ fourth nlightrail.org. urban landsca the system up transport to es some suburb nz/ pe alongside and through the running by mid-20 an its buildinter-vehicle ings, the Loire Wellington CBD and 14. transfer and cultura found a dedicated a limited numbe <click here> the Touraine garden l heritage and Bus Rapid r of CBD routes Transi (BRT) option s. [...] Christchurch will overcome is the best long-te t < it Tramway prep l.com/mx8do3z approach compa rm Extract from > Seemingly, efficien ares to re-open red to bus priorit Ferrymead Tram or changing from t small y Tracts, Septem interchanges buses to light ber in the suburb rail. Since then, we s the norm for have heard mostly the northern the anguished 75% of the metro protests of light 18/9/13 The supporters who rail latest on light are to be avoide population dispute this d but the rail for a Kiwi ommendatio reccongested BIG n. audience plea interchange at In different WRS, adding se forward! about articles and Two more Wellin Welcome... letters they variously to a commuters 10 minutes gton tram plans claim the study journey, is fine... To this weekly permanently was digest of tram! and rail transit Worldwide news items experience proves relevant to New was the spine an enormous Zealand and study design preference for welcome to new ed to rail transit over subscribers. bus see Prof I hope KiwiTra They disput Peter Newman s m will be of e the spine in interest and use study s KiwiTram 36. to Bus enthusiasts With the Public Feedback is welcomyou. tunnel throug try to deny this Transport Spine e and will be h Mt Victoria by adding the published in and misjudgem Study s anti-r while BRT buses rapid transit the next issue. ail bias ents becoming can safely share brandi ng. We are now of comment, increasingly road tunnels. the When buses publis and calls for the subject whether PDF attach hing as a it to be scrap which will be They brande say ped ment, to give d as rapid the light rail made at the more flexibility option costs Sustainable Cities more of branded honest transit or below differ in layout and ly ent graphics. seminar, see for trunk (spine) are used proposed altern sustainable transport advoc [...] services, the (If you are unexp ative models ates have operating cost for ectedly seeing devel per passenger future public opment. this for the first km is as much transport time and want need for thousa as 50% higher to know why than rail. This nds of CBD or want to Generation Zero bound was the basis commuters avoid getting future to transfer of the rail busine : Fast roads. It s on the cusp of a massiv issues of this between ss case that Mr buses and light e-newsletter motorway expans e Randle unsuce rail at Kilbirn Forward or just want ion all the way ssfully attack or Newtown, Tramsformatio ie to know what the from Levin to ed compared with n: the Dockline a decade or more down while major difference is From the blog: Tramway in the Wellington Airpor BRT ago. Wynyard Quarter works such as where they between tram By the form of the t, in the realignment will compl And the Auckland and light rail, now you will the Wellington Northof Daldy St areete on ney jour- s waterfron with a single t is shut title of the op-ed see hopeful- ern Corrid About KiwiTra undertak en.this photo bus trip. itself or one of the m on the next ly have heard shows the is amusing [...] Governabout page) ment s fabled to imagine pilates it is hard Roads of Nation the alternative transport vision for being an al SigDominion Post Brent Efford effective cure Auckland we re 9/9/13 for a broken push- for the climate ing alongside Read it all: <click spine! NZ Agent, Light the Auckland, our Transp here> Rail Transit Assn Blog team; the the special charac economy, and Congestion Free ort Tony Randle is ter of the coole PO Box 2626, Network. Quite little capital in a familiar Wellington 6140 st current Team New Zealand the world are a few people Wellin spectator brent.efford@ have areagton pretty asked, when huge. in Sananti-ra techmedia.co.n are you gonna This week... acolyte of USFranciscoil. activist. An z Read the blog do one for Wellington?. highway lobbyi and see the [...]The thing Well guys, with st and plan:sprawl urban Wellington with a major local government the advoca roading Tram /blog. operation like Com te Wende sgenerationz s.net/ ing up elections loomin Demo ll Action lunch graphia Cox, ero. org.nz/awa/ the time has come. g, have serious this, though, is it can time he has in the get-togeth past taken legal nlightrail.org.n side-effects. In er: z/ this case: Dou action to attack It might sound choking, on Friday 13 Septem clichéd, but Wellin all the extra cars glas-cock the regional counci ber (and ton is really at will bring into it g: ntly to l s rail business 24 Septem every 2nd and plan, appare a transport crossthe city. waterfront rapiburn 4th Friday), get the ber. [...] system See shut d LRT advertisemen 12.00, down, and campa TRAX, Wellin t this gton igned to get page. Railway Station the Johnsonville Concourse. rail line conver to a busway. ted The Future of Renewable He eagerly takes Energy the spine study Wellington report at face value, ignorin Friday g27some crucial issues September (andthursday 12 Septem and flaws: ber every 2nd and nment Buildin The PTSS 4th Friday)Gover, g, Lecterms of12.00, TRAX, referen ce Wellington ture Theatre 4 ignore the existenrailway ce 12:30p Station and m-1:30 public Conco transport needs pm urse. Dr Eric Martin the region Areof you ot inter Harald A. Jahn (If you are unexp ectedly seeing this for the first time and want to know why or want to avoid getting future issues of this e-newsletter or just want to know what the difference is between tram and light rail, see About KiwiTra m on the next page) rail for a Kiwi Gold Coast, Queensla Light rail plan s track as trams on arriv 37 17/9/13 Advocates pro pose more ligh t rail options Photo: Albert Chan Find out more KiwiTram free weekly newsletter light rail news from a NZ perspective. 11/9/13 The latest on light Welcome... To this weekly digest of tram and rail transit news items relevant to New Zealand and welcome to new subscribers. I hope KiwiTra m will be of interest and use to Feedback is welcomyou. e and will be published in the next issue. We are now publishing as a PDF attach ment, to give more flexibility in layout and graphics. este in modern tram d developments way? We believe the time for light rail in Wellington is now. the arterial high It could provide capacity, high quality and rapid southe rn public transpo connection that rt Wellington needs. Rapid Light Rail appeals to people more than bus and rail transpo rt market researc h overseas. That s because the image, status, and higher quality of modern trams gives them the feel-good factor, feeling good about and fundamental desire ourselves is a that should be key in plannin g Wellington s future transport. We have develo ped an alterna tive waterfront route for rapid light rail in Wellin gton more cost-effective which is far ate at reasonable and can operspeed withou t pedestrian interac tion and withou construction t disrupt costs. With of- Subscribe to KiwiTram a free weekly ed newsletter with news and commentary about national and local interlight rail and streetcar developments relevant to New Zealand. Just send an with subscribe as the subject to: brent.ef ford@techmedia.co.nz Read Tramways and Urban Transit the international light rail magazi ne from major magazi available ers or on subscr ne retailiption via study, a light rail route along Jervois Quay is attractive. [...] Read the blog and see the plan: ngton.scoop. co.nz/?p= The Light Rail Transit Association Advocating modern trams since

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52 And the cost? Tram line Date $/km, 2011 $ Work included Box Hill, Melbourne 2007 $A15.97M Property take for arterial road widening Docklands Drive, Melbourne Vermont South, Melbourne City West, Adelaide Entertainment Centre extn, Adelaide 2005 $A9.94M Waterfront regeneration area no services issues 2005 $A18.2M Included a bus interchange and considerable earthworks in a suburban arterial 2007 $A29.15M Through the centre of a mature major city 2010 $A37.96 Included considerable additional works drainage etc Christchurch 2011 $NZ20.0M At the time of the earthquake, construction costs on the Stage 1 city centre extension were $5,000 per single track metre, all included. The $20M per km represents doubling, and doubling again for contingencies a VERY conservative approach! 52

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54 0.0 km A B 0.4 km C 0.7 km D E 1.0 km F G 1.5 km 1.85 km H 2.45 km I 54