National Register of Historic Places Registration Form

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1 NPS Form OMB No (Oct. 1990) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. Name of Property historic name Hickory Grove other names/site number HM Location street & number CR 8, 1 mi. south of UR 50 not for publication city or town Romney vicinity state West Virginia code WV county Hampshire code 027 zip code State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this nomination request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set for in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant nationally statewide locally. (See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature of certifying official/title West Virginia State Historic Preservation Office State or Federal agency and bureau Date In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria. ( See Continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature of certifying official/title Date State or Federal agency and bureau 4. National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that the property is: entered in the National Register. See continuation sheet determined eligible for the National Register. See continuation sheet determined not eligible for the National Register. removed from the National Register. other, (explain:) Signature of the Keeper Date of Action

2 Hickory Grove Name of Property Hampshire County, West Virginia County and State 5. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property private building(s) Contributing Noncontributing public-local district public-state site 1 buildings public-federal structure sites object Name of related multiple property listing N/A 6. Function or Use structures objects 1 0 Total Number of Contributing resources previously listed in the National Register N/A Historic Functions DOMESTIC: single dwelling Current Functions DOMESTIC: single dwelling 7. Description Architectural Classification Materials MID 19 th CENTURY: Greek Revival foundation Stone walls Brick roof other Metal Wood Narrative Description See Continuation Sheets

3 Hickory Grove Name of Property Hampshire County, West Virginia County and State 8. Statement of Significance Applicable National Register Criteria Levels of Significance (local, state, national) local A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Criteria Considerations Areas of Significance Architecture Period of Significance 1849; 1892 Significant Dates Property is: 1849; 1892 A owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes. Significant Person B. removed from its original location. N/A C. birthplace or grave of a historical figure of outstanding importance. Cultural Affiliation D a cemetery. N/A E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. F a commemorative property Architect/Builder G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance Stump, Adam within the past 50 years. Stump, William B. Stump, James A. Narrative Statement of Significance See Continuation sheets 9. Major Bibliographical References Bibliography Previous documentation on file (NPS): preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has been requested previously listed in the National Register Previously determined eligible by the National Register designated a National Historic Landmark recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey # recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # Primary location of additional data: State Historic Preservation Office Other State Agency Federal Agency Local Government University Other Name of repository:

4 Hickory Grove Name of Property Hampshire County, West Virginia County and State 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property 1.41 UTM References Zone Easting Northing See continuation sheet Verbal Boundary Description See Continuation Sheets Boundary Justification See Continuation Sheets 11. Form Prepared By name/title Charles Baker (Hampshire County HLC) and Erin Riebe (WV SHPO) organization WV State Historic Preservation Office date May 2010 street & number 1900 Kanawha Blvd., East telephone city or town Charleston state WV zip code Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: Continuation Sheets Maps - A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property s location - A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Photographs - Representative black and white photographs of the property. - CD with electronic images if digital photographs. Floorplans for individual listings Additional items (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items.) Property Owner name Adam and Zanna Stump street & number PO Box 1970 telephone city or town Romney state WV zip code Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listing. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.) Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1 hours per response including time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P. O. Box 37127, Washington, DC ; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Projects ( ), Washington, DC

5 Hickory Grove Name of Property Hampshire County, West Virginia County and State United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 1 Location and Setting Hickory Grove is situated on the east side of County Route 8, approximately one mile south of United States Route 50 just west of Romney, the county seat of Hampshire County, West Virginia. The house sits on small bluff surrounded by large hickory trees. It faces west towards the South Branch of the Potomac River. The current parcel is located in a rural setting and overlooks the historic Stump Farm fields. Two large metal pole-sheds are located just southeast of the house and are not within the proposed boundary. Description Hickory Grove is a three-story red brick house. It is supported by a foundation of stone and has a hipped, standing-seam metal roof with four large brick chimneys. The south section of the house (photo 3), including the main entrance (photo 1), was constructed in 1849 as an addition to an original log house. The log house was demolished and the north section of the house (photo 1) was constructed in The main elevation (photos 1-2), facing west, includes two windows at the lowest level, in the south corner. The windows are six-over-six, double-hung sash. Windows throughout the house have a stone still and patterned brick lintel. The main floor includes a central trabeated entrance that includes a single, paneled door, a rectangular transom and sidelights with lower panel. Two, one-over-one, double-hung sash windows are situated to the north and south of the entrance. Five similar windows are centered above. All one-overone, double-hung sash windows are replacements. A shed-roof porch, with replacement posts and rail begins over the door, wraps around the north end of the house to the center of the rear of the house. The rear (photo 4), or east elevation, includes a central, two-story, recessed porch that has been enclosed, primarily with multi-light windows. A portion of the lower-level porch has vinyl siding. Two one-over-one, double-hung sash windows are situated to the north of the porch; one on the main and one on the upper story. A multi-light casement window is situated on the upper story, south of the porch. The north elevation (photos 1, 4) includes an entrance with modern door and two one-over-one, double-hung sash windows on the main story and three on the upper story. The south elevation (photo 3), which is three stories high, includes two recessed doors and two six-over-six, double-hung sash windows at the basement level. Three one-over-one, double-hung sash windows are located on both the main and upper stories of this façade. The main entrance to the house is located on the first story of the west façade in the 1849 section. The door opens to a wide hall with staircase to the second story (photos 5-6). The handrail, balusters, and newel posts are of walnut finish and match the walnut paneling in the spandrel. They are replacements of the original stair components. There are two rooms in the south end corners of the house; one in the southwest corner with a fireplace and one in the southeast corner with a winding staircase. Directly to the left, or north, of the

6 Hickory Grove Name of Property Hampshire County, West Virginia County and State United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 2 main hall is a room used as a living room. Behind this room and the main hall is the enclosed porch. A modern kitchen is situated in the northeast corner of the house and the dining room is situated in the northwest corner. The second story floorplan is similar to the first with a centered enclosed porch on the rear elevation (photo 8). The basement includes six unfinished rooms in addition to the main and rear halls. Though many of the fireplaces have been enclosed, with the exception of the dining room, the fireplace mantles are in place. The house interior also features built-in book shelves (photo 7), crown molding, wide baseboards, and decorative door and window casing, in some cases with corner blocks.

7 Hickory Grove Name of Property Hampshire County, West Virginia County and State United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 3 Statement of Significance Hickory Grove is eligible for listing in the National Register under Criterion C: Architecture for its local significance in rural Hampshire County, West Virginia. The house is locally significant to Hampshire County as a well preserved, excellent example of vernacular architecture constructed in stages by the property owners. It features a trabeated entrance, an element of the Greek Revival style, 12-inch thick brick walls and various large fireplaces. The period of significance, 1849 and 1892, reflects the construction dates of the house. History Settlement in the area of current-day Hampshire County, West Virginia began in the 1720s. The county was established in 1754 and Romney was incorporated in 1762 as the county seat. The Northwestern Turnpike was constructed in the 1830s and eventually ran from Winchester to Parkersburg and passed through Romney. The turnpike was the precursor to U.S. Route 50. Building of the turnpike was integral to the development of Hampshire County and especially for Romney, which became an important stop for travelers, aiding in the local economy. Hampshire County was largely agricultural (and currently still is); though there were two iron furnaces and several mills, tanneries and distilleries. Although there were no major Civil War actions in Hampshire County, there was a constant military presence. The town of Romney is said to have changed hands 56 times during the war. Property History Hickory Grove was named in 1838 when Adam Stump, his wife, Mary Gregg Parsons, and their 10 children moved to the log house on the property, formerly owned by Mary s uncle, David Parsons. Shortly after their arrival, Adam Stump and his slaves began making bricks of sand and clay on the property for the construction of a large addition which was eventually completed in The Stump family owned approximately 2000 acres, much included on the west side of South Branch River Road (CR 8) along the South Branch of the Potomac River. In addition to maintaining the fields, family records indicate that they drove cattle to market in Baltimore, Maryland. During the Civil War, Union soldiers stationed on Fort Mill Ridge above the farm would shoot mine balls at the slaves working in the fields. Camping on the river, soldiers also used the Stump s fences and slave quarters for firewood. Fearful that they would begin using their buildings, the Stumps supplied them with cut timber as well as mutton, beef, and horses. In February 1865 Adam s son, Captain George Washington Stump, is said to have been captured while visiting his father and murdered nearby.

8 Hickory Grove Name of Property Hampshire County, West Virginia County and State United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 4 The large fields of the Stump Farm are now in a conservation easement through the Federal Government. Other farm-related resources, including a blacksmith shop and washhouse/carriage house, have since been demolished. Criterion C: Architecture Three architectural surveys have been completed for rural Hampshire County, covering approximately twothirds of the county. The surveys revealed that the oldest existing houses in Hampshire County are made of log or stone, while most other historic houses are frame with wood clapboard or modern replacement siding. The most common house type in Hampshire County is the I-house, many of which date from the early to late nineteenth century. I-houses are one-bay deep and three to five bays wide. Most have stone fireplaces and a one or two-story rear ell. Many in this county have a double, full-length open porch on the rear. Many of the houses are vernacular, although some display elements of the styles contemporary to the time period including Federal, Greek Revival, and Folk Victorian. The county also displays a number of two-story, square hipped-roof houses from the early to mid-nineteenth century, mostly of the Greek Revival style. They include construction of brick or frame and many display a centered cupola. Though nineteenth-century I-houses are most prevalent, there are a variety of twentiethcentury historic houses in rural Hampshire County as well. They include Craftsman-influenced bungalows, Queen Anne-influenced houses, and vernacular one-story, front-gable houses. Hickory Grove is unlike many other houses in the county. It is a two-story brick house, with hipped roof, and partially exposed basement. It is not an I-house as it is more than one room deep, a main characteristic of the type. Hickory Grove is rectangular in shape, rather than the square plan of other hipped-roof, nineteenth century houses in rural Hampshire County. Furthermore, Hickory Grove was completed in stages by the property owners beginning first with an eighteenth-century or early nineteenth century log house that is no longer extant. After the Stump family moved into the log house in 1838, Adam Stump and his slaves began making bricks to construct a three-story addition to the original log house. An agreement for carpenter work between Stump and Arthur F. Grim included the following description for work: the said building to be thirty-eight feet long by thirty deep; two rooms on each floor with a ten foot passage; the kitchen is to have a cubbord [sic] extending from the side of the chimney to the wall; the east room or the room to be used as a chamber for Mrs [sic] Stump is to have a press or wardrobe extending from the chimney to the side wall the room above the parlor or west room is likewise to have a wardrobe or press the same as the one before mentioned in the room east on third floor is to have a wardrobe or press in it like the two former ones. There is to be a flight of steps leading from the kitchen to the room used by Mrs [sic] Stump as a chamber and from said room to the room above, The main stairs for the house is to run from the dining room

9 Hickory Grove Name of Property Hampshire County, West Virginia County and State United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 5 in the basement into the passage on the second floor and from passage to passage up to the garrett [sic] The said dwelling is to have seventeen doors suitable for a dwelling and a plain one which is to be at the entrance of the steps leading up to the passage, likewise a plain door at the head of the steps leading from my bed room into the kitchen, there is to be twenty one windows fifteen of said windows is to have venation blinds to them five in the basement with twelve lights ten by twelve one small one in the celler [sic], six windows in the second story fifteen lights to the windows same size as the first in the third story there is to be seven windows twelve lights ten by twelve and one at the head of the stairs on the second floor in the garrett [sic] there is to be four windows four lights to the window ten by twelve all of said doors and windows is to be placed at such places as he the said Adam my choose. There is to be a portico on the front of said dwelling the length of the width of the passage depth of said portico to be nine or ten feet as Stump may prefer there is to be a portico on the back of said dwelling ten feet by eighteen two stories high to be sealed above head the front door is to have side lights with transom above.. The addition was completed in 1849 and added two rooms and a large hall on each floor. The brick walls are 12 inches thick and were constructed in common bond. The basement included a kitchen in the east corner with a large fireplace measuring 5 feet high, 6 ½ feet wide, and 3 feet deep. A family/dining room was located in the west corner. The house has a trabeated entrance, a characteristic of the Greek Revival style, popular in the mid-nineteenth century. The log section of the building was demolished in William B. Stump and his son James A. Stump completed the new brick addition to the north end of the house the same year. It included three rooms on the first and second floor, four additional basement rooms, and a two-story recessed porch on the back of the house, likely where the original log house stood. Their addition also included a new wrap-around porch which started over the main entrance and wrapped around the north end of the house to the rear, or east side. Gas lights were installed in 1912 and electricity in While the house is not high-style, it displays elements of the Greek Revival style in its trabeated entrance and its low hipped roof. Its porch, though now consisting mostly of replacement components, had Victorian era detailing, popular at the turn into the twentieth century. The house is locally significant to Hampshire County as a well preserved, excellent example of vernacular architecture constructed in stages by the property owners. Its 12-inch thick walls and various large fireplaces add to the property s significance. It is unlike other houses in the area. By comparison, Sycamore Dale, located just north of Hickory Grove, was listed in the National Register in Sycamore Dale was listed under Criteria A and B for its association with the Civil War as well as several local significant individuals and under Criterion C for its Greek Revival architecture. It was constructed in 1839 and is a two-story brick house with rear ell. Also listed and nearby is Washington Bottom Farm located north of Romney. The farmhouse was constructed in 1835 in the Greek Revival style. It is a three story brick house with hipped roof, square plan, and rear ell.

10 Hickory Grove Name of Property Hampshire County, West Virginia County and State United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 9 Page 6 BIBLIOGRAPHY Articles of Agreement between Adam Stump and Arthur F. Grim. Unpublished document in the hands of Adam and Melissa Stump. Bannon, Selden W. Historic Hampshire, A symposium of Hampshire County and Its People, Past and Present. Parsons, W.Va.: McClain Printing Company, Cattle drive records of the Stump family. Unpublished document in the hands of Adam and Melissa Stump. Maxwell, H.U. and Swisher, H.L. History of Hampshire County. Morgantown, W.V.: A. Brown Boughner, Stump, Adam. Interview by Charles Baker, 11 February Stump, Adam and Melissa. Interview by Charles Baker, 20 February Stump, Melissa. Interview by Charles Baker, 9 March maintained records of cattle drives to the Baltimore, Maryland area to market cattle

11 Hickory Grove Name of Property Hampshire County, West Virginia County and State United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 10 Page 7 VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION The boundary includes the approximately 1.41 acres within Hampshire County parcel (Deed Book 282, Page 579). BOUNDARY JUSTIFICATION The boundary includes all of the current parcel associated with the historic house. Two large pole barns are situated immediately southeast of the property on the adjacent parcel and are excluded. The acreage historically associated with the house is in a conservation easement and all of the historic ancillary resources are non-extant.

12 Hickory Grove Name of Property Hampshire County, West Virginia County and State United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number photos Page 8 Photographer: Erin Riebe and Melissa Stump Date: April 2010 Photo 1 of 8 Photo 2 of 8 Photo 3 of 8 Photo 4 of 8 Photo 5 of 8 Photo 6 of 8 Photo 7 of 8 Photo 8 of 8 Main (west) and side (north) elevations Camera facing southeast Main (west) and side (south) elevations Camera facing west Side (south) elevation Camera facing north-northeast Rear (east) and side (north) elevations Camera facing west Main foyer, staircase detail Interior, main entrance Living room Second floor bedroom

19 Photo 1 Photo 2

20 Photo 3 Photo 4

21 Photo 5 Photo 6

22 Photo 7 Photo 8

street & number: COUNTY ROUTE 3, HC-88, BOX 17 not for publication: N/A city/town: WHEELER vicinity: X state: WV county: WEBSTER code: 101 zip code:

street & number: COUNTY ROUTE 3, HC-88, BOX 17 not for publication: N/A city/town: WHEELER vicinity: X state: WV county: WEBSTER code: 101 zip code: NPS Forn 10-900 OMB No. 10024-0018 (Oct. 1990) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTIR OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATICN FCRX =========================================================---------=======