Lifelines. Mexico Earthquake Reconnaissance Briefing. Erica C. Fischer, Ph.D., P.E. Oregon State University. Erica Fischer, Oregon State University

Transcription

1 Patrick Murren, SOM Erica Fischer, Oregon State University Mexico Earthquake Reconnaissance Briefing Lifelines Erica C. Fischer, Ph.D., P.E. Oregon State University

2 Lifelines Water and wastewater systems Electricity Telecommunications Highways Airport Natural Gas Fire Protection

3 Mexico City History Closed-basin Old saline lake bed No natural drainage Surrounded by volcanic mountains Intense rainfall patterns City built on clay soil Expensive & Complicated Infrastructure

4 Modern-Day Water Network Cutzamala: Reservoir source

5 Challenges in Mexico City Pipeline and aqueduct damage Ground Water Extraction Constant & increasing subsidence of city Difficulty draining storm water More flooding during seasonal intense rainfall Decreased quality of potable water Decreased continual access to potable water

6 History of Water Infrastructure Damage Date Earthquake Mag. Damage Description May 31, 1818 Not available Broken arches in aqueducts in Mexico City May 4, 1820 Not available Damage to above ground aqueducts in Mexico City January 6, 1835 Not available Damage to above ground aqueducts in Mexico City October 3, 1864 Not available Damage to buried clay pipes in Mexico City July 19, 1882 Not available Damage to buried clay pipes in Mexico City April 14, Damage to buried clay pipes in Mexico City June 3, Extensive damage to buried pipelines in Mexico City June 30, Damage to buried aqueducts in cities of Orizaba and Cordoba March 14, Damage to a main buried aqueduct in Mexico City September 19, September 19, Extensive damage to buried pipelines and buried aqueducts in Mexico City Extensive damage to buried pipelines and buried aqueducts in Mexico City Ayala, G.A., and O Rourke, M.J. (1989). Effects of 1985 Michocan Earthquake on Water Systems and Other Buried Lifelines in Mexico (NCEER ). National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research.

7 Water Infrastructure Damage Xochimilco Tlahuac Location of pipeline damage Location of damaged building per Verificado19s Outline of clay deposits/lake

8 Water Infrastructure Damage - Tlahuac

9 Water Infrastructure Damage - Tlahuac

10 Water Infrastructure Damage - Tlahuac Drone footage courtesy of David Swanson, Reid Middleton

11 Water Infrastructure Damage - Tlahuac Drone footage courtesy of David Swanson, Reid Middleton

12 Electrical Power Impacts 5,000 MW total affected demand 3800 MW in CDMX 1200 MW in Puebla, Tlaxcala, Morelos, and Guerrero Infrastructure out of service: Generation: 19 units (1,185 MW); no structural damage reported Transmission: Yautepec Power and Zapata substations (Morelos); 10 lines; 64 transformers. Distribution: 634 medium voltage circuits. Associated electrical equipment Source: National Center for Energy Control (CENACE) - Drone footage courtesy of David Swanson, Reid Middleton

13 Electrical Power Restoration 9/5/17 9/12/17 9/19/17 Source: National Center for Energy Control (CENACE) - Drone footage courtesy of David Swanson, Reid Middleton

14 Telecommunications - Coapa

15 Telecommunications - Coapa Building falls in this range

16 Telecommunications - Jojutla

17 Comparison to PNW

18 Acknowledgements

19 Transportation Mexico City s subway system lost five of its 13 lines due to electricity failure, service restored by 5:50PM (free rides) The BRT (Metrobus) system continued working at 70 percent capacity on September 19 th (but delays due to damaged buildings) Confined lanes of the Metrobus served the ambulance emergency response services in the hours following the earthquake Source: CityLab -

20 Water Supply Damage - Jojutla

21 Electrical Power 35% electric power users affected (4.8M) CFE has restored 95% the service to 4.5M: 1.82M affected in Mexico City (85% restored) 1.78M in the State of Mexico (95% restored) 723K affected in Morelos (93% restored) 423K affected in Puebla (99% restored) 102K affected in Oaxaca (100% restored). 28K affected in Guerrero (100% restored) 13K affected in Tlaxcala (100% restored) Source: Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) - Drone footage courtesy of David Swanson, Reid Middleton

22 Telecommunications - Xochimilco