Toward Implementation of WIGOS - Activity of JMA in RA II - Yoshihisa NAKAMOTO Observations Department Japan Meteorological Agency

Transcription

1 Toward Implementation of WIGOS - Activity of JMA in RA II - Yoshihisa NAKAMOTO Observations Department Japan Meteorological Agency

2 Contents 1. RIC-Tsukuba 2. Japanese version of WIGOS 3. Radar Composite in ASEAN Region 4. Wind Profiler

3 1. RIC-Tsukuba ISO/IEC accredited (temperature, pressure, humidity) JMA/WMO Training Workshop on Calibration and Maintenance of Meteorological Instruments in RA II (19-22 Feb 2013, Tokyo & Tsukuba, Japan)

4 Calibration Records in RIC-Tsukuba 2000: Thailand (barometer, thermometer) 2001: Republic of Korea (anemometer) 2006: Philippines (pyranometer) 2007: Thailand (barometer, thermometer) Hong Kong, China (barometer) 2010: Thailand (barometer, thermometer, anemometer) 2012: Oman (barometer, thermometer, hygrometer) Indonesia (barometer, thermometer, hygrometer) 2013: Bangladesh (barometer, thermometer) Upon requests of Members, RIC-Tsukuba implements calibration of their instrument in order to achieve internationally reliable observations, preferably traceable to SI. Calibration of thermometer (Liquid-in-glass thermometer)

5 Capacity Development of RA II Members Maybe low-profile, but most important activities for WIGOS implementation!! Training at RIC Tsukuba (Japan) Training at BMD HQ (Bangladesh) In 2014, BMD started instrument calibration services using newly provided meteorological standard and calibration equipment donated by JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency). JMA RIC-Tsukuba was actively involved in this JICA project thru training activities both in Japan and Bangladesh.

6 WMO/JMA Survey on Meteorological Instruments, Calibration and Training in RA II *** Traceability to international standards *** Pressure Temperature National meteorological standards 16 National meteorological standards 14 Superior standards (traceable to international standard) 9 Superior standards (traceable to international standard) 6 Traveling standards 12 Traveling standards 9 *** Instrument type/method of National Meteorological Standards *** (N = 21) Mercury barometers Electronic barometers Pressure balances(dead weight testers) Platinum resistance thermometers Liquid-in-glass thermometers 5 7 Others 2 Others 4 The survey (2011) revealed that (N = 21) Less than 50% of Members (who responded the questionnaire) had national meteorological standards traceable to international standards. Conventional instruments (mercury barometers etc.) were still widely used operationally rather than electrical instruments.

7 2. Japanese version of WIGOS Rain-gauge Radar (20) (26) JMA (1,300 ) Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) (3,400) Local government (5,800) Non-JMA observations are used operationally. To achieve this, QC is very important.

8 Positive Impacts of WIGOS August 12, 2010 JMA + MLIT + Local Gov. Only JMA

9 Met. Instrument Verification System Meteorological Service Act in Japan legally stipulates as follows Any meteorological instruments to be used for the following purposes shall pass the verification test: (1) for announcement of the result thereof (2) for use of the result thereof in disaster prevention JMA Director-General Thermometer Barometer Hygrometer Anemometer Pyranometer without type certification Application Registered Verification Body Structure Verification Registration Instrumental errors Pass Verification test!! Rain gauge Snow gauge with type certification Otherwise can not be open to the public

10 3. Radar Composite in ASEAN Region Capacity Building in Radar Techniques in the Southeast Asia is recognized as a WMO Regional WIGOS project. Even developed NMHSs in the region (such as Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia etc.) can not achieve radar composite image with satisfying quality. In this connection, ASEAN radar workshop was led by Japanese experts from JMA, radar manufacture and University.

11 ASEAN Radar Workshop (Bangkok, Thailand, Feb Mar 2014) This workshop, coordinated by JMA, provided an excellent and first opportunity in the region to exchange radar information, and shared common technical issues to be improved.

12 4. Wind Profiler Rumoi Obihiro Muroran Miyako Sakata Takada Sendai Wakamatsu Fukui Kumagaya Mito Nagoya Kawaguchiko Shizuoka Center System Wind Profiler Stations: 33 Owase Katsuura Hachijojima Tottori Hamada Mihama Izuhara Ohita Hirado Kumamoto Nobeoka Ichiki Yakushima Takamatsu Kouchi Shimizu Naze Yonagunijima Minamidaitojima

13 Outline of Wind Profiler Observation April 2001: March 2003: March 2012: March 2014: WINDAS Wind Profiler Network and Data Acquisition System Operation started (25 stations) 6 stations added 2 updated stations added 31 remained stations updated Average horizontal distance: km Observation frequency: every 10 minutes Observed altitude: up to 10 km WINDAS has improved monitoring of meso-scale phenomena which may cause disasters (heavy rain, snow etc.)

14 Wind Profiler Observation Network Wind Profiler Observation Network 33 JMA stations NICT Wind Profiler Control Center (Tokyo) NICT Wakkanai 留萌 Rumoi Muroran 室蘭 帯広 Obihiro Sakata 酒田宮古 Miyako 40 N 高田 Takada Sendai 福井 Fukui 鳥取 Tottori 熊谷 Wakamatsu 高松 Takamatsu Kumagaya 浜田 Hamada 水戸 Mito Wind Profiler 大分 Oita 中央監視局 Control Center 勝浦 Katsuura 厳原 Iduhara NICT Tokyo 河口湖平戸 Hirado Kawaguchiko Hachijojima 八丈島熊本 Kumamoto 静岡 Shizuoka 市来高知 Kouchi Ichiki 名古屋 Nagoya 清水 Shimizu 尾鷲 Owaseshi 30 N 屋久島 Yakushima 延岡 Nobeoka Mihama 美浜名瀬 Naze NICT Okinawa 南大東島 Minamidaitoujima 与那国島 Yonagunijima 130 E 140 E

15 How it looks Normal appearance (Owase station, Mie prefecture) For snowy area (Obihiro station, Hokkaido)

16 Specifications of Wind Profilers Old system New system Type of radio wave 10MOMON 4M70Q1N Peak power less than 2 KW less than 4.8 KW Frequency MHz MHz Occupied bandwidth less than 10 MHz less than 4.7 MHz Antenna gain 34.0 dbi 31.6 dbi Beam width Pulse width 0.67μs, 1.33μs, 2.00μs, 4.00μs 0.67μs, 1.33μs, 2.00μs, 4.00μs Pulse repetition frequency 5kHz, 10kHz, 15kHz, 20kHz 5kHz, 8.33kHz, 0kHz, 20kHz Power consumption 14 kva 15 kva Major improvements increase transmission power to expand maximum detection altitude decrease occupied frequency bandwidth to effectively utilize radio waves

17 Monthly means of height coverage of wind measurement Total average Height April May June July Aug Sep

18 Summary In RA II, regional WIGOS projects are ongoing. Examples are Improving Data Availability and Quality of Observations and Capacity Building in Radar Techniques in the Southeast Asia According to WMO/JMA survey (2011), less than 50% of Members (who responded the questionnaire) had national meteorological standards traceable to international standards. WMO/RIC activities should be duly recognized by WMO and further enhanced to ensure traceability of observations.

19 Summary Meteorological observations (open to the public and/or internationally exchangeable) should be well quality controlled. Once achieved, NMHSs will get benefits of WIGOS concept (Japanese version WIGOS can be one of the best practice) Experience of advanced observations (such as Wind profilers, radars) can be shared among WMO Members. Thru Expert Teams of CIMO, CBS etc., JMA experts would be happy to contribute to improve meteorological observations worldwide.

20 Thank you for your attention