A brief history of Embleton and Wythop. by Walter Head and Derek Denman Embleton Community Hall, 15 April

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1 A brief history of Embleton and Wythop by Walter Head and Derek Denman Embleton Community Hall, 15 April

2 Structure of presentations Derek Denman: An outline of the history of Embleton and Wythop up to the 19 th Century. Walter Head: Developments in the 19 th and 20 th Centuries. Discussion 2

3 Embleton & Wythop Civil Parishes 3

4 A Roman Road ran through it 2 nd Century AD? 4

5 Embleton before the Norman conquest Emelton (later in 1195) Second element tun, Old English for farmstead, settlement or village. Suggests an Anglian settlement (ie English) after 650. Could be later Norse/Irish, after th century, in Kingdom of Strathclyde. 5

6 Norman England 1092; Cumberland became part of Norman England under William II. c.1100; Forest manor of Derwentfells created between Derwent and Cocker. Lords of Allerdale seat at Papcastle. 1195; freehold manor of Emelton granted to Orme of Ireby. c.1200; boroughs of Cockermouth and Keswick created as new settlements. c.1260; Wythop the willow valley -granted to John de Lucy. Previously summer grazing for Embleton and Lorton. 6

7 Forest manor of Derwentfells created c Cumberland; Blaeu

Manors created in Derwenfells C Cockermouth by 1221 Freehold manors E Embleton 1195, Orme of Ireby H Hewthwaite, by 1270 HL Lorton/Allerthwaite by

8 Manors created in Derwenfells C Cockermouth by 1221 Freehold manors E Embleton 1195, Orme of Ireby H Hewthwaite, by 1270 HL Lorton/Allerthwaite by 1158 LL Vil of Lorton by 1230 BR Brackenthwaite c Full manors with common W Wythop 1260 John de Lucy T Thornthwaite by 1230 Bo Borrowdale

9 Grant of Embleton 1195 extent? Park 1285 Boundary of enclosed land, on Greenwood map

10 Embleton the medieval centre 10

11 Beckhouse: the medieval centre? 1909 Farmsteads/cottages alongside Tom Rudd Beck? Farmed the open arable land in strips? Beckside area population in 1841 still 51 (of 414) including 25 children. 11

12 St Cuthbert s a parochial chapelry in the parish of Brigham Chapel first mentioned in a grant of Langfite in Embelton by John son of Thomas de Yrebi to Udard son of Adam de Crosthwat, c.1210.

13 Stanley Hall oldest named house The Bluebell Inn The house 1425 Stanlawehall in Emmelton and the manors of Ponsonby and Auisthwait passed to Nicholas de Stanlawe, son and heir of Thomas de Stanlawe. 13

14 Lords of the Manor 1195; freehold manor (inhabitants and their land) granted to Orme de Ireby, plus rights on the common. 1285; Thomas de Ireby granted 85 acres and allowed to enclose park from common. 1322; Thomas de Ireby killed in a raid by Robert the Bruce s army in 1322, leaving 12 of the 26 farmsteads destroyed or damaged. Descendants until at least Tenants enfranchised freeholders. Residual rights to Philip, Lord Wharton. 1739; Earl of Egremont (residual rights). 14

15 Grant of land for Wythop

16 Ancient enclosures in Wythop Wythop common Wythop common 16

17 Oldscale, Wythop Scali huts (on the common) Probably a Lorton/Embleton shieling colonised late c.13 th Note medieval terraces 17

18 Wythop s corn mill Wythop Mill Embleton s fulling mill, C19th sawmill Later properties were detached Setmurthy 18

19 Wythop Chapel Wythop was a chapel of ease within Lorton parochial chapelry, Brigham parish. Consecrated in The old chapel near Kelsick was rebuilt in 1673 until

20 Lordship and Wythop Hall 1260; Wythop was uninhabited grazing when given to John de Lucy. c.1315; On the death of John it passed to Hugh Lowther (by marriage). 1319; Hugo de Lowthre granted licence to crenellate (fortify) mansum suum de Wythehope 1606; Bought by Richard Fletcher (of the Cockermouth family) from Sir Richard Lowther. Descended to the present Lord Inglewood (Richard Fletcher-Vane). 1788; Tenants enfranchised. 20

21 Enclosure of the commons School 21

22 Drivers of change tourism and railway Bacon 1890s CK&PR Industry housing tourism fishing Shooting Peil Wyke Hotel/ Pheasant Inn new Wythop parish Church Wythop Mill Develops 22 (school)

23 Peil Wyke Hotel/Pheasant Inn 23

24 Wythop Chapel Wythop was a chapel of ease within Lorton parochial chapelry, Brigham parish. Consecrated in The old chapel near Kelsick was rebuilt in 1673 until

25 End of Part One St Margaret s Church, Wythop

26 A brief history of Embleton and Wythop Part 2. Antiquities, and developments in the 19 th & 20 th centuries by Walter Head 26

27 Elva Plain stone circle 27

28 The Embleton sword 28

29 Agriculture 29

30 Tile manufacturing 30

31 Lead mines 31

32 Roads, paths and the railway 32

33 33

34 34

35 Tourism 35

36 Sawmill 36

37 Quarries 37

38 Silica brickworks 38

39 The Routenbeck, 1879 Shipping 39

40 Education 40

41 End of Part One St Margaret s Church, Wythop

42 Religion 42

43 Unexpected Deaths 43

44 44

45 A brief history of Embleton and Wythop Part 2. Antiquities, and developments in the 19 th & 20 th centuries by Walter Head 45

An old road to Knott Head from Thornthwaite BY DEREK DENMAN

An old road to Knott Head from Thornthwaite BY DEREK DENMAN In 1998 a group of members of the Lorton & Derwent Fells Local History Society made excavations, with the consent of the landowner, on an old