South West Region CORNWALL

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1 CORNWALL Caradon 1 /539 (B ) SX SX KINGSAND AND CAWSAND SEWAGE PIPELINE TRANSFER Kingsand and Cawsand Sewage Pipeline Transfer: Archaeological Assessment ( ) Perry Tapper, B Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 49pp, pls, figs, tabs, refs The pipeline route passed the Rame Forts Area of Great Historic Value and two Conservation Areas; one encapsulated the historic fishing settlements of Kingsand and Cawsand and the other was situated to the southeast of Millbrook. The route additionally crossed farmland which comprised of early field boundaries forming a medieval pattern. Within one field (at Fourlanesend, adjacent to the deserted settlement of Sollack) 19th century quarrying remains survived as earthworks. The twin settlements of Kingsand and Cawsand, originating in the later medieval period, contain a high number of listed buildings. Other features and structures included walls, stone kerbs and drains and exposed and buried cobbling.[au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: MD, PM 1 /540 (B ) SX KIT HILL WESTERN ACCESS ROUTE Kit Hill Western Access Route, Cornwall: Archaeological Assessment ( ) Gossip, J Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 29pp, pls, figs, tabs, refs Both the 1st and 2nd editions of the OS 1:2500 map showed at least three shafts within the study area, and a mining map by Symons (1848) indicated the presence of an adit where a spring was marked. An additional possible shaft was located, but dense vegetation throughout the study area restricted thorough survey. It was possible that additional historic mining or other archaeological features wre present where assessment was impossible.[au] Caradon, North Cornwall 1 /541 (B ) SX TREKENNER BRIDGE Trekenner Bridge: Archaeological and Historical Assessment ( ) Gossip, J Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 18pp, figs, refs The purpose of the assessment was to assess the archaeological and historical importance of the bridge. The surviving bridge dated from the 16th century, although much of the structure was re-built in 1847 following a flood. The assessment concluded that the proposed strengthening works would cause minimal disturbance to the historic bridge fabric or to the visual appearance of the bridge.[au(abr)] 1

2 Carrick 1 /542 (B ) SW CITY HOSPITAL, INFIRMARY HILL, TRURO City Hospital, Infirmary Hill, Truro, Cornwall: An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Cotswold Archaeological Trust Kemble : Cotswold Archaeological Trust, 2000, 28pp, figs, refs Work undertaken by: Cotswold Archaeological Trust The desk-based assessment identified the presence of no known archaeological findspots or features within the study area dating between the prehistoric and early post-medieval periods. The absence of remains predating the construction of the Royal Cornwall Infirmary building, opened in 1799, may have reflected the paucity of modern archaeological fieldwork carried out in this part of Truro, since a number of artefacts and features dating to these periods were known from a wider site locality.[au(abr)] 1 /543 (B ) SW SW LAND SOUTH OF TRURO Proposed Residential Development on Land South of Truro, Cornwall: Preliminary Archaeological Study (Doc. no 4199/1/0) Hawkes, J Chicklade : AC archaeology, 2000, 25pp, figs, tabs, refs Work undertaken by: AC archaeology The assessment focused on the archaeological implications of the proposd residential development on land south of Truro. The proposed development area was within an area defined as anciently enclosed land, where the quality of the archaeological and historical landscape defined in terms of its density and variety of archaeological sites was comparatively low. No scheduled monuments or other protected sites lay within the site. However, a feature interpreted as a Bronze Age burial mound was provisionally regarded as of national importance. Other features within the area included a medieval field system. [Au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: BA, MD, PM 1 /544 (B ) SW ST JUST IN ROSELAND St Just in Roseland, Cornwall: Rapid Archaeological and Historic Assessment ( ) Cole, R Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 73pp, figs, tabs, refs The assessment identified a range of archaeological features including possible Iron Age/Romano- British rounds, a Roman coin hoard, medieval farmsteads and their associated field systems, quays, slipways and related infrastructure along the shore line of the study area, as well as Second World War evidence including a D-Day embarkation hard on Turnaware Point. A large number of sites were also identified through field names and other documentary sources including orchards, lime kilns, stiles and barns and other buildings.[au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: PR, MD, PM, MO 1 /545 (B ) SW SW THE HORNWORKS EASTERN TRAVERSE, PENDENNIS HEADLAND, FALMOUTH 2

3 The Hornworks Eastern Traverse, Pendennis Headland, Cornwall: Archaeological Survey Johns, C Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 24pp, pls, colour pls, figs, tabs, refs The Eastern Traverse is the best surviving remnant of the Hornworks defences built in It consisted of an earthern rampart fronted by a defensive ditch with the remains of a gun platform above the low cliff at the eastern end. The Eastern Traverse is a site of national significance and part of the Pendennis Peninsula Fortifications Scheduled Monument Area, which together with Pendennis Castle and the other Fal defences, form a site of international archaeological and historic importance. The Traverse was damaged during constructure works and reparation was made.[au(abr)] 1 /546 (B ) SW TREVAUNANCE COVE Treaunance Cove, St Agnes, Cornwall: Archaeological Assessment Survey ( ) Johns, C Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 57pp, pls, figs, tabs, refs The open tin workings of Wheal Luna at Trevaunance Point are documented in 1528 and are reputed to be much earlier. The little harbour under the cliff on the west side of the cove was built 1793, after three earlier attempts, to serve the mines around St Agnes and encourage local pilchard fishing. The harbour was neglected after the decline of the mining industry and opening of the railway to St Agnes at the turn of the 20th century. The principle visible archaeological remains were of the old harbour, Wheal Luna open work and the ore hutches.[au(abr)] Kerrier 1 /547 (B ) SW CHYNHALL CLIFF, BLACK HEAD AND BEAGLE'S POINT, COVERACK Chynhall Cliff, Black Head and Beagle's Point, Cornwall: A Rapid Archaeological and Historical Assessment ( ) Johns, C Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 42pp, pls, figs, tabs, refs During the course of the archaeological assessment a number of sites were identified ranging in date from the Bronze Age to modern periods. In the vicinity of the study area there were many cliff-top Bronze Age barrows. A putative barrow was recorded at Beagle's Point in the 1960's, but the site had since been lost. A possible round, or Iron Age settlement was identified from field name evidence in the area behind Chynhalls Cliff. Extensive medieval ridge and furrow was identified around Beagle's Point from aerial photographs and other areas of the study area. Such expansion of arable cultivation on to the cliff top margins may have occured during the 13th century climatic and optimum boom, and abandoned during the 14th decline.[au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: BA, IA, RO, MD, PM 1 /548 (B ) SW SW GODOLPHIN AND GREAT WORK Godolphin and Great Work, Cornwall: Archaeological Assessment ( ) Reynolds, A Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 64pp, pls, figs, refs 3

4 During the desk-based assessment of the Godolphin and Great Works, mines believed to date from the mid 17th century to the late 19th century; a total of 19 shafts, a well, an adit entrance and a tailings dump were also located. The study area was designated as an Area of Great Historic Value as well as a Grade II Park and garden of special interest by English Heritage.[Au(abr)], MO 1 /549 (B ) SW SW PORTREATH TO POLDICE TRAMWAY Portreath to Poldice Minerals Tramway: Archaeological and Historical Assessment ( ) Gossip, J Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 37pp, figs, refs The Portreath to Poldice Minerals Tramway was of significant archaeological and historical importance because it was the first above ground railway to be constructed in Cornwall. Begun in 1809, during the growth of the Cornish mining industry, the tramway enabled an efficient link between the Port at Portreath and the mines in the Camborne/Redruth area. During the course of the historical assessment particular attention was paid to the area within the corridor of the historic tramway itself, although at times it was necessary to consider adjacent features such as disused mine shafts.[au(abr)] 1 /550 (B ) SW THE POLDHU WIRELESS STATION The Poldhu Wireless Station: Archaeological and Historical Assessment ( ) Johns, C Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 69pp, pls, figs, tabs, refs A site visit confirmed that extensive remains of the wireless station survived: concrete and tiled floors of buildings, bases of aerials, anchor points, trackways, were spread over five fields. Some features, such as settings for early aerial and large copper earth wires and mats, are likely to survive below ground. The archaeological remains of the Poldhu Wireless Station are important as an accessible, tangible memorial to the historic achievements that took place here; the development of long distance telegraphy, with far reaching implications for improving the scope and quality of global communications.[au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: LBA, MD, MO 1 /551 (B ) SW TRENARTH BRIDGE Trenarth Bridge, Cornwall: Archaeological and Historical Assessment ( ) Jones, A Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 14pp, figs, refs The assessment was undertaken prior to bridge strengthening works. Trenarth Bridge straddled the boundary between the parishes of Constantine and Mawnan. It was a well preserved post-medieval bridge dating from the 18th century which was shown on the Martyn's Map of The bridge was a Grade II Listed Building and was situated in an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.[Au] 4

5 1 /552 (B ) SW TRIPLETS SITE, POLDICE Triplets Site, Poldice, Cornwall: Archaeological Assessment ( ) Jones, A Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 30pp, figs, refs The study area was situated within one of the AGHV's (Area of Great Historic Value) which formed the basis for the proposed World Heritage Site. Particular attention was paid to the Poldice Tramway which formed the western boundary of the study area, as it was the first above ground railway in Cornwall. At least three mineshafts were identified within the assessment area.[au(abr)] North Cornwall 1 /553 (B ) SS BUDE CANAL SEA LOCK Historic Account of the Bude Canal Sea Lock, Cornwall (Doc.no.00.04) Exeter Archaeology Exeter : Exeter Archaeology, 2000, 14pp, pls, figs, refs Work undertaken by: Exeter Archaeology Little documentation specific to the sea lock was located during the assessment. The existing structure presumably substantially represented the enlargement of Its importance as one of the best preserved aspects of the Bude Canal in its post-war Listing (Grade II), and scheduling as a Scheduled Ancient Monument, when the structure was said to be in excellent condition. However in 1904 a storm and high tide combined to completely destroy the lock gates and swept them out to sea, however, they were quickly replaced.[au(abr)] 1 /554 (B ) SS BUDE SEWAGE WORKS Bude Sewage Traetment Works: Archaeological Assessment Cole, R Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 14pp, figs, refs The assessment revealed that the study area lay within an area of Anciently Enclosed Land, incorporating the following historic landscape features; field boundaries of 19th century or earlier date, the trackbed of the London and South Western Railway (opened in 1898) and an associated bridge. No new sites were discovered during the field visit and there was no obvious potential for buried archaeological remains.[au(abr)] 1 /555 (B ) SX CALIFORNIA QUARRY California Quarry, Western Blackpit, Cornwall: Archaeological and Historical Assessment ( ) Sturgess, J Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 16pp, figs, tabs, refs 5

6 California Quarry is a small sea-cliff slate quarry which was in working use at some time between c.1840 and 1882, and was probably reused in the late 19th early-20th century. The complex at California Quarry comprised two or possibly three horse whims, at least two strong points, two vertical quarry working faces, two ruined buildings, a quarry pit and a track to the quarry.[au(abr)], UD 1 /556 (B ) SX GREAT ONSLOW CONSOLS Great Onslow Consols, St Breward, Cornwall: Archaeological Assessment ( ) Cole, R Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 33pp, figs, refs Great Onslow Consols was one of the small number of significant copper mines which operated on the western side of Bodmin Moor during the 19th century. Physical remains were found on three different sites. Sites located included three shafts, associated dumps, an angle-bob support, flat-rod trench, settling tanks and physical or documentary evidence for three buildings.[au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: MD, PM 1 /557 (B ) SX LANIVET COUNTY PRIMARY SCHOOL Lanivet County Primary School Extension, Cornwall: Archaeological Assessment ( ) Thorpe, C Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 12pp, figs, refs The assessment revealed that though the study area lay close to the historic centre of the village of Lanivet, the central open area known as the 'Green' onto the north east corner of which the school was built in 1905; had been open common land within the period covered by historical maps. As a result there was little evidence for activity in the environs of the site, though the location of a well was noted lying within the north west corner of the current playground. The site lay close to the important medieval ecclesiastical complex focused on Lanivet Church and it remained a possibilty that there were archaeological remains within the site associated with the complex.[au(abr)], MO Penwith 1 /558 (B ) SW ARC SITE, GWITHIAN ARC Site, Gwithian, Cornwall: Archaeological Assessment ( ) Sturgess, J Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 19pp, figs, tabs, refs The study area lay within an Area of Great Historic Value. The formation of the sand dunes were believed to have led to the burial and preservation of successive historic landscapes from the Early Bronze Age through to the post-industrial period. This was supported by the discovery of a number of multi-period cultural artefacts from within the larger ARC site. Structural evidence for the postmedieval mining activity also lay within the study area.[au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: ME, NE, PR, RO, PM, MO 6

7 1 /559 (B ) SW NANCLEDRA BRIDGE Nancledra Bridge, Cornwall: Archaeological and Historical Assessment ( ) Jones, A Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 14pp, figs, refs The archaeological and historical assessment was carried out prior to strengthening works to Nancledra Bridge; a well preserved bridge dating to the 19th century. It was probably constructed to allow access to Georgia Mines which lay to the west of the bridge. Nancledra Bridge was a Grade II Listed Building and was situated in an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.[Au(abr)] 1 /560 (B ) SW ROSEWALL AND LITTLE TREVALGEN HILLS Rosewall and Trevalgan Hills, St Ives, Cornwall: Archaeological and Historic Assessment ( ) Gossip, J Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 54pp, pls, figs, tabs, refs Although an area rich in extant prehistoric remains, little prehistoric archaeology was apparent within the two study areas. The 'cairn' marked on the modern OS maps appeared to be a Bronze Age cairn recorded in the 20th century. The central mound was disturbed, and stones lying beyond the cairn perimeter may have represented part of the disturbed retaining kerb. The farms of Trevalgan and Rosewall were medieval in date. Rosewall was first mentioned as 'Redegwal' in Trevalgan being mentioned in However, there was a wealth of documented evidence referring to tin mining activity on Rosewall Hill including 19th century maps.[au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: PR, PM Restmorel 1 /561 (B ) SX SX PIPELINE FROM PAR TO TREBAL Imerys Par to Trebal Archaeological Assessement ( ) Jones, A Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 49pp, figs, tabs, refs During the course of the assessment, a walk-over survey and geophysical survey a total of 75 sites of possible archaeological interest were identified. The sites ranged from a possible prehistoric enclosure site at Quarry Park to Second World War buildings at Spit Point. However, the largest number of sites which were identified were 52 field boundaries, the majority of which were medieval in origin.[au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: PR, MD, PM, MO, UD 1 /562 (B ) SW GOONVEAN AREA C Goonvean Area 4C: Archaeological and Historic Assessment for ROMPs Cole, R Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 43pp, pls, figs, refs 7

8 During the course of the assessment a number of sites of archaeological significance of national, county and local importance were noted within the study area. The sites of national importance included two engine houses, both of which were listed buildings, one of which retained its beam engine inside the structure. Also noted as being of national importance were the pan kilns and their associated settling tanks, settling pits and the mica drag. The pan kilns were previously listed, which emphasised the 'group value' of the entire complex. The Goonmarris Cottages were also considered to be of great significance because of their literary and historical association to the important Cornish writer Jack Clemo and that they are part of the wider landscape associated with the clay works. The slip quarry was considered to be of county importance as were the railway track and the bridges were thought to be of local importance. [Au], MO 1 /563 (B ) SX HARBOUR MOTORS, CHARLESTOWN Harbour Motors, Charlestown, Cornwall: An Archaeological and Historical Assessment ( ) Sturgess, J Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 29pp, pls, figs, tabs, refs The development of the port of Charlestown was begun in 1792 by Charles Rashleigh for the purpose of exporting copper ore and china clay. It was this intense industrial history and that so much of the industrial landscape survives that makes Charlestown a unique place. Documentary search showed that the application area itself had been part of this industrial history. There were a number of standing structures within the area of archaeological importance. A number of walls were both early and late property boundary walls, whilst others were the remains of the china clay cellar also shown on the 1825 survey. A track was considered to be an industrial feature, possibly contemporary with the copperage. Building 21 was the only surviving building connected with Charlestown's initial industrial history and may have served as a storage area for the copperage recorded in All of the above were features of local historic significance.[au(abr)], MO 1 /564 (B ) SX POLMARTH CLOSE Polmarth Close, Sandy River, St Austell: Archaeological and Historical Assessment ( ) Sturgess, J Truro : Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 2000, 24pp, figs, tabs, refs During the course of the assessment a number of features within the study area were recorded. The features comprised a mica drag, settling tanks and launder, a building (possibly a mill) and surrounding settlement with associated features. Features with a direct association with the river were also observed including; footbridges, pipes, sluices, aqueducts and leats. Other features included tramways, an adit, a china clay waste dump and two possible shafts.[au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: MD, PM, MO 1 /565 (B ) SW SW THE INDIAN QUEENS PEAK POWER FACILITY Proposed Natural Gas Pipeline to the Indian Queens Peak Power Facility, Cornwall: Archaeological Assessment Chandler, J Chicklade : AC archaeology, 2000, 25pp, pls, figs,tabs,refs Work undertaken by: AC archaeology 8

9 The assessment revealed eight sites and findspots in the immediate vicinity of the proposed gas pipeline serving the Indian Queens Peak Power Facility. The sites included a possible medieval field system, the medieval farm complex of Trewin, a pottery scatter dating from the 12th century onwards, an area of streambanks, collecting ponds and accumulations of streamworking silts were also noted. Three branches of the then GWR network also crossed the site, their dates ranging from [Au(abr)] Archaeological periods represented: MD, PM 9

South West Region GLOUCESTERSHIRE 1/405 (B.23.H005) SU

South West Region GLOUCESTERSHIRE 1/405 (B.23.H005) SU GLOUCESTERSHIRE Cotswold 1/405 (B.23.H005) SU 16559880 COTSWOLD EASTERN SPINE ROAD STAGE 4 Cotswold Eastern Spine Road Stage 4 and Horcott Road. Watkins, K Gloucester : Gloucestershire County Council Archaeology