ANDEAN PREHISTORY. Anthony P. Andrews Fall 2018 Office: CHL 212 (x4327) CHL 221 Office Hours: Wednesdays 1-3pm Tue/Fri 4:00-5:20

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1 ANDEAN PREHISTORY Anthony P. Andrews Fall 2018 Office: CHL 212 (x4327) CHL 221 Office Hours: Wednesdays 1-3pm Tue/Fri 4:00-5:20 Syllabus available at website above This seminar focuses on the evolution of Andean Civilization from Paleo-Indian times to the Spanish Conquest, with special emphasis on the early Moche and Tiwanaku Kingdoms, and the late Chimú and Inca Empires. Class discussions will revolve around a large corpus of readings, and participants should be well-prepared for intensive class sessions. Evaluation will be based on class participation and three research papers. Research Papers The research papers will be due on the fifth, tenth, and last weeks of class. They may focus on any aspect of Andean prehistory encompassed by the due dates. Research materials are listed throughout the syllabus, and are available in both the New College Library and Ball Library. I will be happy to discuss topics, provide advice, and references. The papers should be about 1250 words each, including references. Guidelines for citation and formatting of references are attached to this syllabus. Text Malpass, Michael A Ancient Peoples of the Andes. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY. Library Reserves and Canvas The above text is available in the shelf reserves at the library. All other assigned readings are available on Canvas or online through the library. Articles in Scientific American, National Geographic, Smithsonian, and Archaeology, with color graphics, are available in the journal section of the library. Many of the articles in those magazines are also available on Canvas, though the color graphics sometimes have poor resolution; consulting the originals in the library is far better. Articles in Latin American Antiquity, Nature, Current Anthropology, and the Annual Review of Anthropology are in the stacks, available online, and in some cases are also available on the Canvas course reserves. A major source for research papers is the Handook of South American Archaeology, edited by Helaine Silverman and William H. Isbell (Springer 2008). This is on reserve in the library, and the Table of Contents is available on Canvas.. TENTATIVE SCHEDULE OF READINGS WEEK 1: Background, Geography, and Ecology Aug 28: Malpass: Chapters. 1 & 2. Aug 31: Kosok, Paul 1965 Life, Land and Water in Ancient Peru. (Copy in Anthro Lab; skim & enjoy). WEEK 2: Paleo-Indian and Early Preceramic Periods Sep 4: Malpass: Chapter 3: Goebel, Ted, Michael R. Walters, and Dennis H. O Rourke 2008 The Late Pleistocene Dispersal of Modern Humans in the Americas. Science, 319 (5869 ; March 14): Gugliotta, Guy 2013 The First Americans. Smithsonian, 43 (10; February):

2 Schlossberg, Tatiana ,000 Years Ago, Humans and Climate Change Made a Deadly Team. The New York Times, June 17. Sep 7: Malpass: Chapter 3: Dillehay, Tom D Monte Verde: Seaweed, Food, Medicine, and the Peopling of South America. Science, 320 (4; May 9): Roosevelt, Anna C., et al Paleoindian Cave Dwellers in the Amazon: The Peopling of the Americas. Science, 272 (5260; April 19): Lahaye, Christelle, et al Human Occupation in South America by 20,000 BC: The Toca da Tira Peia Site, Piauí, Brazil. Journal of Archaeological Science, 40 (6): Optional / Research Source: Dillehay, Tom D A Late Ice-Age Settlement in Southern Chile. Scientific American, 251 (4; Oct.): The Late Pleistocene Cultures of South America. Evolutionary Anthropology, 7 (6): WEEK 3: Late Preceramic and Initial Periods Sep 11: Malpass: Chapter 4. Perry, Linda, et al Early maize agriculture and interzonal interaction in southern Peru. Nature, 440 (7080; March 2): Dillehay, Tom D., et al Preceramic Adoption of Peanut, Squash, and Cotton in Northern Peru. Science, 316 (5833; 29 June): Haas, Jonathan et al Evidence for Maize (Zea mays) in the Late Archaic ( B.C.) in the Norte Chico region of Peru. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110 (13): Sep 14: Malpass: Chapter 5. Roosevelt, Anna C., R.A. Housley, and I. da Silveira 1991 Eigth Millenium Pottery from a Prehistoric Shell Midden in the Brazilian Amazon. Science, 254 (5038; Dec. 13): Atwood, Roger 2005 A Monumental Feud. Archaeology, 58(4): Pozorki, Thomas and Shelia 2018 Insult to veneration: The evolution of prehistoric intrusiveness within the Casma Valley of Peru. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 49: Haas, Jonathan, and Winifred Creamer 2006 Crucible of Andean Civilization. Current Anthropology, 47 (5): Haas, Jonathan S., S. Pozorski, and T. Pozorski (eds.) 1987 The Origins and Development of the Andean State. Moseley, Michael E The Maritime Foundations of Andean Civilization. (USF/Tampa has copy) Quilter, Jeffrey - 2 -

3 1991 Late Preceramic Peru. Journal of World Prehistory, 5 (4): WEEK 4: The Early Horizon: The Chavín Culture Sep 18: Malpass: Chapter 6. Burger, Richard L Chavín and the Origins of Andean Civilization. SKIM. Sep 21: Rowe, John H Form and Meaning in Chavin Art. In Peruvian Archaeology. Selected Readings (J.H. Rowe and D. Menzel, eds): Rodriguez Kembel, Silvia, and Herbert Haas 2015 Radiocarbon Dates from the Monumental Architecture at Chavín de Huantar, Perú. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 22 (2; June): SKIM. Carneiro, Robert L A Theory of the Origin of the State. Science, 169 (3947; Aug. 21): WEEK 5: Sep Class Presentations (Papers due Sep 28 in Class) WEEK 6: The Early Intermediate Period: The Moche Kingdom Oct 2: Malpass: Chapter 7: Benson, Elizabeth P The Mochica: A Culture of Peru. SKIM GRAPHICS. (In Anthro Lab only) Chapdelaine, Claude 2009 Domestic Life in and around the Urban Sector of the the Huacas of Moche Site, Northern Peru. In Domestic Life in Prehispanic Capitals. A Study of Specialization, Hierarchy, and Ethnicity (L.R. Manzanilla and C. Chapdelaine, eds.): Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology, 46. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Bernier, Helene 2010 Craft Specialists at Moche: Organization, Affiliations, and Identities. Latin American Antiquity, 21(1): SKIM Lobell, Jarret A Painted Worlds. Archaeology, 70 (5; Sept./Oct): Oct 5: Popson, Colleen P Grim Rites of the Moche. Archaeology, 55 (2; March/April): Alva, Walter 1990 The Moche of Ancient Peru. New Tomb of Royal Splendor. National Geographic, 177 (6; June): Donnan, Christopher B Masterworks of Art Reveal a Remarkable Pre-Inca World. National Geographic, 177 (6: June ): Williams, A.R Mystery of the Tatooed Mummy. National Geographic, 209 (6: June ): Tomb of a Powerful Moche Priestess-Queen Found in Peru. National Geographic Daily News, August

4 Alexander, Brian 1990 Archaeology and Looting Make a Volatile Mix. Science, 250 (4984; 23 Nov): Donnan, Christopher, et al Archaeology and Looting: Preserving the Record. Science, 251 (4993; 1 Feb): Bawden, Garth 1996 The Moche. Benson, Elizabeth P The Mochica: A Culture of Peru. (in Anthro Lab only) Quilter, Jeffrey 2002 Moche Politics, Religion, and Warfare. Journal of World Prehistory, 16 (2): Shimada, Izumi 1994 Pampa Grande and the Mochica Culture. (Missing) WEEK 7: The Early Intermediate Period: The Nazca Kingdom Oct 9: Malpass: Chapter 7: Oct 12: Hall, Stephen S Spirits in the Sand. The Ancient Nasca Lines of Peru shed their Secrets. National Geographic, 217 (3; March): DeLeonardis, Lisa 2000 The Body Context: Interpreting Early Nasca Decapitated Burials. Latin American Antiquity, 11(4): Silverman, Helaine 1993 Cahuachi in the Ancient Nasca World. FALL BREAK (No class Oct 16 & 19) WEEK 8: The Early Intermediate Period & Middle Horizon: The Kingdoms of Wari & Tiwanaku Oct 23: Malpass: Chapter 8: 142; Morell, Virginia 2002 Empires across the Andes. National Geographic, 201 (6; June): Knobloch, Patricia J Wari Ritual Power at Conchopata: An Interpretation of Anadenantherea colubrina Iconography. Latin American Antiquity, 11(4): Oct 26: Curry, Andrew 2010 Trophy Skulls and Beer. Unearthing the Source of an Andean Empire s Power. Archaeology, 63 (1; Jan-Feb): Tung, Tiffany A., and Kelly J. Knudson 2010 Childhood Lost: Abductions, Sacrifice, and Trophy Heads of Children in the Wari Empire.. Latin American Antiquity, 21(1): SKIM Pringle, Heather 2014 Untouched [Wari Tomb]. National Geographic, 225 (6; June): Wade, Lizzie 2017 The Wari s grisly end the fall of a South American empire. Science News, August

5 Kolata, Alan L The Tiwanaku: Portrait of an Andean Civilization. Note: Anyone doing research on the Middle Horizon and Late Intermediate north coast, should consult the article by the Pozorskis listed in Week 3, on the Casma Valley. WEEK 9: Tiwanaku // The Late Intermediate Period: The Chimú Empire Oct 30: Malpass: Chapter 8 : Straughan, Baird 1991 The Secrets of Ancient Tiwanaku are benefitting Today's Bolivia. Smithsonian, 21 (11; Feb.): Ortloff, Charles L., and Alan L. Kolata 1993 Climate and Collapse: Agro-ecological Perspectives on the Decline of the Tiwanaku State. Journal of Archaeological Science, 20: Bandy, Matthew S Energetic efficiency and political expediency in Titicaca Basin raised field agriculture. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 24 (3): SKIM Nov 2: Moseley, Michael E., and Carol.J. Mackey 1973 Peru's Ancient City of Kings. National Geographic, 143 (3; March): Topic, John R Domestic Economy as Political Economy at Chan Chan, Perú. In Domestic Life in Prehispanic Capitals. A Study of Specialization, Hierarchy, and Ethnicity (L.R. Manzanilla and C. Chapdelaine, eds.): Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology, 46. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. SKIM WEEK 10: Nov 6 & 9 -- Class Presentations (Papers due Nov 9 in class) WEEK 11: The Late Intermediate Period: The Chimú Empire Nov 13: Malpass: Chapter 9. Keatinge, Richard W., and G.W. Conrad 1983 Imperialist Expansion in Peruvian Prehistory: Chimu Administration of a Conquered Territory. Journal of Field Archaeology, 10 (3): SKIM Topic, John R From Stewards to Bureaucrats: Architecture and Information Flow at Chan Chan, Peru. Latin American Antiquity, 14 (3): Wade, Lizzie 2018 How to Survive Climate Change. Archaeology, 71 (2; March/April): Moseley, Michael E Chan Chan: Andean Alternative of the Preindustrial City. Science, 187 (4173; Jan 24): The Good Old Days were Better: Agrarian Collapse and Tectonics. American Anthropologist, 85 (4): Moseley, Michael E. and Carol. J.Mackey 1974 Twenty Four Architectural Plans of Chan Chan, Peru: Structure and Form at the Capital of Chimor. (Copies in Library & Anthro Lab). Moseley, Michael E., and Kent C. Day (eds.) 1982 Chan Chan: Andean Desert City. Moseley, Michael E., and Alan Cordy-Colins (eds.) 1990 The Northern Dynasties: Kingship and Statecraft in Chimor. (Missing) - 5 -

6 WEEKS 11 & 12: The Late Horizon: The Inca Empire -- Tawantisuyu Nov 16: Malpass: Chapter 10. Nov 20: Pringle, Heather 2011 The Genius of the Inca. National Geographic, 218 (4; April): Bordewich, Fergus M Winter Palace [Machu Picchu]. Smithsonian, 33 (12; Sept.): Bauer, Brian S Legitimization of the State in Inca Myth and Ritual. American Anthropologist, 98 (2): Reinhard, Johan 1999 Frozen in Time. National Geographic, 196 (5; Nov.): Rostworowski de Diez Canseco, María 1999 History of the Inca Realm. Nov 22-23: THANKSGIVING BREAK WEEK 13: Chachapoyas and Khipus Nov 27: Lerche, Peter 2000 Quest for the Lost Tombs of the Peruvian Cloud People. National Geographic, 198 (3; September): Church, Warren B., and Ricardo Morales Gamarra 2004 Tomb Raiders of El Dorado. The SAA Archaeological Record, 4 (1): Urton, Gary 2001 A Calendrical and Demographic Tomb Text from Northern Peru. Latin American Antiquity, 12 (2): Lathrap, Donald W The Upper Amazon. Raymond, J. Scott 1988 A View from the Tropical Forest. In Peruvian Archaeology (Richard W. Keatinge, ed.): Note: For updated materials on Khipus, see the Harvard Khipu Database Project, which is managed by Gary Urton. WEEKS 13 & 14: Nov 30 & Dec 4 -- Class Presentations (Papers due Dec 4 in class) - 6 -

7 CITATION PROCEDURE AND REFERENCE FORMAT IN ANTHROPOLOGY MANUSCRIPTS TEXT CITATIONS Citations in the text should follow American Anthropologist style: "(Kroeber and Kluckhohn 1952: 64)," or "Millon (1955: 48) says..." If citing through another source: (Palma 1951, in Millon 1955: 27). Only publications having three or more authors should be cited as "et al." in the text; all the authors should be included in the list of references. LIST OF REFERENCES Books: Geertz, Clifford 1973 The Interpretation of Cultures. Basic Books, New York. Gmelch, George, and Walter P. Zenner (eds.) 2002 Urban Life. Readings in the Anthropology of the City. 4rth edition. Waveland Press, Prospect Heights, IL. Monograph Series: Kroeber, Alfred L., and Clyde Kluckhohn 1952 Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, 47 (1). Harvard University, Cambridge. Articles in Journals Harrison, Gail G Primary Adult Lactase Deficiency: A Problem in Anthropological Genetics. American Anthropologist, 77 (4): Chapters in Books: Sjoberg, Gideon 2002 [orig. 1955] The Preindustrial City. In Urban Life. Readings in the Anthropology of the City. 4rth edition (George Gmelch and Walter P. Zenner, eds.): Waveland Press, Prospect Heights, IL. Dissertations or Theses: Millon, Rene 1955 When Money Grew on Trees. Ph.D. Dissertation, Columbia University, New York. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor. Papers presented at meetings: Hatch, Evelyn 1973 Studies in Language Switching and Mixing. Paper presented at the Ninth International Congress of Linguistics, Chicago. Unpublished manuscripts: Jones, Clodimer 2001 On Publishing in Anthropology. Ms. on file at the Department of Anthropology, Microstate University, Athens. Internet Sources [-- citation must include URL and date of access to website]: Central Intelligence Agency 2009 World Factbook. Afghanistan. [ ] [ accessed 12/20/2009 ] Hodder, Ian 1999 Archaeology and global information systems. Internet Archaeology, 6 [ ] [ accessed 12/20/2009 ] Note: Titles of volumes, journals and websites should be italicized. Bolding is optional. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - 7 -