Chapter 7: Vocabulary (Use the Glossary in the back of your textbook) Chapter 7: Places (Use the Gazetteer in the back of your textbook)

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1 Name Period Chapter 7 Study Guide Chapter 7: Vocabulary (Use the Glossary in the back of your textbook) Review min. EVERY Night p. 188 archipelago: p. 188 biome: p. 199 quipu: p. 188 scrub land: p. 187 wetland: Chapter 7: Places (Use the Gazetteer in the back of your textbook) p. 187 Altiplano: p. 187 Amazon River: p. 187 Andes Mountains: p. 191 Chavín: p. 197 Machu Picchu: p. 192 Moche Valley:

2 Chapter 7: People (Use the Biographical Dictionary in the back of your textbook) p. 197 Manco Capac: p. 198 Pachacuti: p. 201 Francisco Pizarro: p. 198 Topa Inca:

3 Name Period Parent Signature Chapter 7 Study Guide: The Early Peoples of South America DIRECTIONS: Fill in the blanks with the missing word(s) using your textbook. 1. All along South America s western edge lie the stunning which is the longest chain of mountains in the world. (p. 187) 2. People lived on the which is a region of plateaus and plains high in the mountains. (p. 187) 3. People settled near Lake Titicaca because of the climate, the soil near the lake can support, and the lake provides a means of. (p. 188) 4. The land of central and southern South America is different from the land in the northern part of the continent because it is an area of. (p. 188) 5. Very few South American people created large scale civilization because of the landscape, they were separated by dense, and the people lived great apart from one another. (p. 189) 6. SHORT RESPONSE: Name one of the geographical world records that South America currently holds. (p ) 7. The Chavín lived in the Andes Mountains of South America, in the present-day country of. (p. 191) 8. The Chavín were accomplished known for their fantastic images on pottery and carvings which often depicted. (p. 191) 9. About 200 B.C. the Chavín suddenly. (p. 191) 10. Like the Chavín long before them, the were accomplished artists. (p. 192) 11. The Mochica lived in river valleys between the mountains of. (p. 192) 12. Mochica city-states had flat-topped, stone, and. (p. 192) 13. The of the Mochica remains a mystery. (p. 192)

4 14. SHORT RESPONSE: What do Archeologists believe Machu Picchu was? EXPLAIN Why? (p. 197) 15. The capital of the Inca Empire was. (p. 197) 16. and his son,, turned the Inca into the greatest empire in the Americas. (p. 198) 17. The Inca kept their vast empire united because they had an efficient form of, built about 14,000 miles of, and they had who supervised the people. (p.199) 18. The Inca are remembered as fine stoneworkers because they cut to fit together so tightly they did not need. (p. 199) 19. The Inca were great engineers who built, dug tunnels through, and built sacred. (p. 200) 20. The Inca s elaborate system of were reserved only for the and. (p. 200) 21. SHORT RESPONSE: After reading Lessons 1 and 2, which civilization do you think was the most important: the Chavín, the Mochica, or the Inca? EXPLAIN Why? USING SPECIFIC DETAILS FROM YOUR TEXTBOOK!!!! DIRECTIONS: Use the map located to the right and p of your textbook to help answer the following. 22. lines run north and south. 23. lines run east and west. ( parallels ) 24. What are the coordinates of Peru? 25. What are the coordinates of Uruguay?

5 ANSWER KEY Chapter 7 Study Guide: The Early Peoples of South America 1. wetland: area of very moist soil, such as a swamp 2. biome: place that has a distinct climate and specific types of plants and animals 3. scrub land: area of low growing vegetation 4. archipelago: group of islands 5. quipu: rope with various lengths and colors of cords 6. All along South America s western edge lie the stunning Andes Mountains which is the longest chain of mountains in the world. (p. 187) 7. People lived on the Altiplano which is a region of plateaus and plains high in the mountains. (p. 187) 8. People settled near Lake Titicaca because of the moderate climate, the soil near the lake can support crops, and the lake provides a means of transportation. (p. 188) 9. The land of central and southern South America is different for the land in the northern part of the continent because it is an area of plains. (p. 188) 10. Very few South American people created large scale civilization because of the rugged landscape, they were separated by dense forests, and the people lived great distances apart from one another. (p. 189) 11. The Chavín lived in the Andes Mountains of South America, in the present-day country of Peru. (p. 191) 12. The Chavín were accomplished artists known for their fantastic images on pottery and carvings which often depicted jaguars. (p. 191) 13. About 200 B.C. the Chavín suddenly disappeared. (p. 191) 14. Like the Chavín long before them, the Mochica were accomplished artists. (p. 192) 15. The Mochica lived in river valleys between the mountains of Peru. (p. 192) 16. Mochica city-states had flat-topped pyramids, stone courtyards, and plazas. (p. 192) 17. The disappearance of the Mochica remains a mystery. (p. 192) 18. According to discoveries, many archaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was a religious center. (p. 197) 19. The capital of the Inca Empire was Cuzco. (p. 197) 20. Pachacuti and his son, Topa Inca, turned the Inca into the greatest empire in the Americas. (p. 198) 21. The Inca kept their vast empire united because they had an efficient form of government, built about 14,000 miles of roads, and they had officials who supervised the people. (p.199)

The Inca s elaborate system of roads were reserved only for the government and military. (p. 200) 25. Longitude (comes 2 nd ) lines run north and south.

6 22. The Inca are remembered as fine stoneworkers because they cut stones to fit together so tightly they did not need cement. (p. 199) 23. The Inca were great engineers who built roads, dug tunnels through rock, and built sacred rope bridges. (p. 200) 24. The Inca s elaborate system of roads were reserved only for the government and military. (p. 200) 25. Longitude (comes 2 nd ) lines run north and south. Vertical lines that specify W or E 26. Latitude (comes 1 st ) lines run east and west.. Lines are parallel to the equator and specify N or S 27. What is the location of Peru? at the coordinates 10ºS and 75ºW 28. What is the location of Uruguay? at the coordinates 35ºS and 55ºW

Ancient Civilizations of the Western Hemisphere. Maya, Aztec, & Inca

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