RailTokyo March 2015 Japan High-Density Metropolitan and Intercity Railway Transportation

Transcription

1 RailTokyo March 2015 Japan High-Density Metropolitan and Intercity Railway Transportation Osamu Kawanobe, Executive Director and Director General of Railway Operations Headquarters. East Japan Railway Company 1

2 2 TABLE of CONTENTS 1. OUTLINE OF JR EAST 2. TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK 3. FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN 4. CONCLUSION

3 3 1 OUTLINE OF JR EAST

4 OUTLINE OF JR EAST 4 JR East is the largest passenger railway company in Japan Network: 7,513 km No. of passengers: 17 million /day No. of trains: 13,000 /day Operating revenue: $22.9billion /year Net income: $1.7billion /year ($1 = 118 YEN) Employees: 59,240 Tokyo

5 OUTLINE OF JR EAST Large quantity leads to Quality BACKGROUND Consequently, high quality Massive traffic We transport 17 million passengers / day volume The quality of our service must meet high expectations and are subject to strict evaluation from people and society in Japan. 1. High frequency 2. High capacity 3. Safety 4. Punctuality need Shinkansen: every 4 minutes. Conventional line: every 2 minutes. A single train can carry 3 to 4 thousand passengers. need Shinkansen fatalities: 0 since Shinkansen service began in need The most important The average time delay per Shinkansen train is less than 1 minutes. (including as results of natural disasters.) 5. Speediness The Shinkansen maximum commercial speed 320km/h Direct through-service 5

6 OUTLINE OF JR EAST Shin-Aomori Akita We own and operate all categories of railway transport. Shinjo Yamagata Niigata Kanazawa Nagano Takasaki Fukushima Shinkansen Integrated Railway Network Tokyo Metropolitan Regional 6

7 OUTLINE OF JR EAST Transport Volume (fiscal year ending 31 March 2014) Transport Revenue Intercity & Regional (4.5%) Shinkansen (14.7%) Intercity & Regional (4.3%) Shinkansen (27.6%) Total Passenger-km 125billion Total Revenue $14.4billion Tokyo Metropolitan Area (80.8%) Tokyo Metropolitan Area (68.1%) 7

8 OUTLINE OF JR EAST We own and operate non-transport businesses utilizing assets for and related to railway operations. Non Transport Business 32% 68% Transportation JR East Group Total $22.9 billion 8

9 9 2 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK

10 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Management Features of JR EAST METROPOLITAN RAILWAY 27 lines within a mere 50 km radius 5 big commuters flow Length of operating lines: 1,106 km Tokyo No. of passengers: 13 million /day Most frequent train operation: Every 2 minutes 3,000-4,000 passengers on one train during rush hours. 4 JR East Shinkansen JR East Conventional lines Other than JR East Subway 10

11 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Transport Demand During Peak Hours Takasaki Line 174% 4 min Saikyo Line 190% 2 min. 30 sec. Omiya Joban Local Line 164% 2 min. 30 sec. Joban Line 169% 3 min. (FY2013) Chuo Line 194% 2 min. Ikebukuro Shinjuku Ueno Sobu Line 199% 2 min. 20 sec. Tokaido Line 183% 3 min. Yamanote Line 169% 2 min Yokosuka Line 193% 2 min. 10 sec. Yokohama Shibuya Osaki Shinagawa Tokyo Keihin-Tohoku Line 183% 2 min. 20 sec. Keiyo Line 171% 3 min. (Legend) Line name Congestion rate train interval 11

12 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK 12 Diagram Planning -- Using Platform Using two railway tracks alternately during peak hours, shortening the train interval. 2 nd, 4 th,- - - Platform 1 st, 3 rd, - - -

13 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Diagram Planning -- Recovery Margin Setting method for recovery margins of train operation One of the keys for stable operation in the planning phase. Can recover Delay Figure: train diagram Equilibrium between train running time and recovery margin 13

14 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Control by the Second Crossing at grade Overtaking Control by the second lead to punctuality Each driver checks arr./dep. time by the second scale at capital stations Recovery operation within regulated speed Crossing at grade or Overtaking as scheduled ( = punctuality ) Punctuality is kept by checking time in small increments 14

15 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Flexible Operation Keeps Punctuality Operation with flexibility Disturbance Crowdedness (in dwell time) Vandalism Something stuck in a door On-board medical emergency Over dwell time Trespasser Many things may happen! Human resources Transport Planning Dispatcher/ Operator/ Maintenance staff Trained/skilled staff Hardware and Software Rule and System Experiential knowledge punctuality 15

16 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Flexible Operations Shuttle services A C D B Shuttle service at B Sta. Operations on another line Shuttle service at D Sta. D Operation on another line via D Sta. A B C Transfer passengers to other railway operations JR Line Transfer Other Railway Line A B C A B C D b c Operation on another line 16

17 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK 17 Issues in Metropolitan Area Transport Congestion Concentration to metropolitan area Major stations are over-crowded with transfer passengers this slows passenger flow Congestion on platform Congestion in transferring We enhance passenger convenience with direct-through service Introducing some chief examples

18 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Shonan-Shinjuku Line Before Takasaki Line Utsunomiya Line Takasaki Line Utsunomiya Line Ikebukuro Shinjuku Passengers have to Yamanote transfer Line at Shinagawa station Direct-Through Service Utsunomiya Takasaki Lines (Via Shinjuku) to Tokaido Yokosuka Lines Since 2001 We have connected four routes Ueno Tokyo Shinagawa Shinjuku Terminal station 40 min Yokohama Shinagawa 50km 18

19 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Shonan-Shinjuku Line After Utsunomiya Line Takasaki Line Direct-Through Service Utsunomiya Takasaki Lines (Via Shinjuku) to Tokaido Yokosuka Lines Since 2001 We have connected four routes Shonan-Shinjuku Line Ikebukuro Shinjuku Ueno Tokyo Freight trains have decreased, tracks now also being used for passenger trains Greater convenience through more efficient use of existing tracks Tokaido Line Yokosuka Line 50km 19

20 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK 20 What s changed? Takasaki Line Utsunomiya Line Before Keihin Tohoku Line Yamanote Line Ueno Tokyo Shinagawa Utsunomiya Line Takasaki Line Tokaido Line Joban Line After Yamanote Line Ueno Tokyo Shinagawa Utsunomiya Line Takasaki Line Joban Line Tokaido Line Extension Shonan-Shinjuku Line Shinjuku Omiya Akabane Ueno Tokyo Toride Joban Line We enhanced passenger convenience by adding a direct north-south link between Ueno and Tokyo Yokohama Tokaido,Yokosuka Line Shinagawa Shonan-Shinjuku Line Utsunomiya,Takasaki Line Joban Line(Long Distance) Joban Line(Rapid Service)

21 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK 21 Effects of Direct-Through Service Congestion reduced and travel time shortened In 2000 In 2002 In Less congestion 202% 193% 180% 2 Shortered travel time 40 min 29 min 27 min 22% decrease 13 min shortened Before the opening After the opening 1 Yamanote Line congestion rate decreased after the Shonan Shinjuku line opening (morning commuter rush hour) 2 Travel time from Yokohama to Shinjuku shortened (Transfer at Shinagawa between Yamanote and Tokaido Lines are no longer needed) Congestion alleviated and travel time reduced with direct-through service We have other ways to reduce congestion in addition to eliminating transfers. The more convenient railway The more passengers by trains.

22 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Overview of the ATOS System Transportation dispatcher Control center Stations Passenger information (in over 300 stations) Operation planning System (Train diagram database) Central system Train diagram central control equipment 900 Information terminals Optical fiber cable network New type of electronic interlocking device (in over 200 stations) Maintenance work (2500 portable radio terminals) Automatic route control (Station ) (Operating office ) (Maintenance Station operators office Depot ) * ATOS: Autonomous decentralized Transport Operation control System 22

23 23 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Concept of ATOS Supervised and arranged at the Train Operation Control Center Integration of diagram data base Automatic control Diagram Operation planning Information inquiry Grasping the status of operation Train Operation led by stations Passenger Guide Signal operation Maintenance operation Train operation led by Train Control Center Sharing of Information Automatic Passenger Guide Systematization of work management

24 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Transferring Transport Operation Control from Station to Control Center Tokyo Control operation Center Train control console Train control staff Changed schedule route control Changed schedule Changed schedule Station equipment for ATOS Central System for ATOS Graphic Display 24

25 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Improving Services for Passengers Train information for passengers Information is automatically accorded with the changed diagram automatic announcements Train schedule at control center Traffic impediment is displayed Passenger information display at stations 25

26 26 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK The Effect of the Introduction of ATOS (at Chuo line) Recovery time of Chuo Line Before using ATOS After using ATOS 7:00 7:00 6:00 6:00 5:00 5:00 Recovery time 4:00 3:00 recovery time 4:00 3:00 2:00 2:00 1:00 1:00 0:00 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 Obstacle time 0:00 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 obstacle time Average recovery time 3:14 Average recovery time 2:30

27 27 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Digital Train Radio System in Tokyo Metropolitan Area Shin-maebashi Kuroiso Katsuta 2007 First Service on Yamanote Line 2010 Complete introduction to the Tokyo Metropolitan Area Koufu 2011 Start using the applications Atami Kimitsu Kazusaichinomiya

28 28 TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK Applications of the Digital Train Radio System Digital train radio system supports various applications which provide passengers with not only safe and stable train service but also accurate and timely information. Operation management Notice System Displays operation arrangement, changed speed limit on a monitor automatically Train operation information system Displays train operation information on LED for passengers in case of accidents Information for passengers Central control center System server Central control equip. Base station Digital train radio system Mobile station On-board monitor Information for conductor ATOS information system for conductor Displays train location in ATOSzone, or accident time on a monitor Train breakdown information transmission system Supports accurate and rapid repair with information of malfunctioned parts Control center Accurate and rapid repair

29 29 3 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN

30 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN Outline of Shinkansen Five directions Shin-Hakodate Shin-Aomori Akita To be opened in Spring 2016 Hachinohe Morioka Network: 1,470 km - Dedicated Shinkansen line: 1,194 km - Gauge-converted conventional lines: 276 km Kanazawa Niigata Opened in 14 March 2015 Nagano Takasaki Shinjo Yamagata Sendai Fukushima Omiya Tokyo No. of Passengers: 271,000 /day No. of Trains: 337 to 415 /day 30

31 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN 31 Frequent Service and Punctuality Omiya Passenger information display in Tokyo station 5 Destinations from Tokyo station 400 Trains per day 4 min. Minimum train interval 12min. Turn-back time at Tokyo Station Less than 1 min. Average delay per train

32 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN State-of-the-Art Technology to Meet Various Needs & Requirements High Speed Type Series E2 Series E5 Through Service Type Series E7 Large Capacity Type Series E3 Series E6 Series E4 32

33 33 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN The Latest JR EAST Shinkansen Trains High Speed Maximum commercial speed : 320km/h Series E5 Through Service - Maximum commercial speed : 320km/h - Series E5 & E6 can be coupled and uncoupled automatically. - Series E6 run through onto conventional lines. Series E6

34 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN 34 Efficient Train Scheduling With Coupling Function Series E6 Uncoupling or Coupling Series E5 Series E5 No transfer Series E6 Automatic coupling procedure time Uncoupling : 2 30 Coupling : 4 00

35 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN 35 Large Capacity Maximum No. of seats/trainset : 1,634 (The world s largest high-speed train) Double-deck cars were introduced to respond to the increase in commuting transport No. of Shinkansen commuter pass holders 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Tohoku フレックス Joetsu フレックス Nagano フレックス ,000 26, (%) 1,800 24,117 23,500 24,43424,559 24,329 23,954 24,324 24, ,08421,976 22,47123,264 21, ,873 18, ,957 15, ,800 13,22313,115 13,36713,739 13,889 14,13214,27214,31614,28413,88414,31514, ,777 11, ,490 13,284 Release number of FREX 11,475 12,02612, ,45110,425 8, ,133 FY ,398 sheets per month 8,180 7,191 6, ,869 6, ,047 1,1341,239 1,312 1,341 1,450 1,507 1,596 1,633 1,666 1,674 1,641 1, ,093 1,933 3,324 4,251 4,712 5,104 5,644 6,349 6,242 7,153 7,409 7,814 7,727 7,865 8,213 8,270 8,535 8,655 8,647 8,412 8,404 8,335 8,338 8,966 4,724 FY ,133 2,803 1, ,936 26,450 sheets per month 100 1,710 1, '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, Series E4 (coupling 8 cars & 8 cars)

36 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN 36 Optimization of Operation Safe and reliable operation can lead to the most efficient operation with the minimum infrastructures and minimum rolling stock. Punctuality is very important also from the viewpoint of operation and maintenance cost. The train delays increase operation and maintenance cost.

37 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN Optimization of Operation Quick turnaround at Tokyo terminal station With a 12-minute turnaround, we can provide very frequent service with minimum rolling stock 4 minute headways = high frequency 400 trains per day => Minimum rolling stock (CAPEX) simplify station layout and infrastructure only 2 platforms with 4 tracks => Minimum infrastructure (CAPEX) 37

38 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN 38 Safety of Shinkansen Safety is the top priority of railway operation, especially for HSR. 1 Reliable System 2 Maintenance System 0 fatalities since opening in 1964

39 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN Outline of COSMOS Construction of COSMOS 構内作業管理 Yard work planning システム system Rolling 車両基地作業計画 stock base work plans Rolling stock 車両基地進路制御 base route control Transport planning system 輸送計画システム Train plans 列車計画 Rolling stock allocation 車両割当 車両運用計画 Rolling stock operation 計画伝達 plans 乗務員運用計画 Plan transmission 統計 Crew operation plans Statistics Traffic control 運行管理 system システム Traffic control 運行管理 Route control 進路制御 ダイヤ管理 Diagram management 旅客案内 Passenger guidance Rolling 車両管理 stock management システム system Equipment management Failure 装備管理 management 故障管理 Record 履歴管理 management COSMOS Maintenance work management system 保守作業管理システム Maintenance work plans 保守作業計画 Commencement and 作業着手 終了 completion of maintenance work Control 保守用車制御用端末 terminals for of maintenance cars Centralized 集中情報監視 information システム Control system 設備監視 Facility monitoring Disaster prevention 防災情報 information 電力系統制御システム Electric power system control system 設備監視 Facility monitoring 変電所制御 Substation control * COSMOS: Computerized Safety, Maintenance and Operation Systems of Shinkansen 39

40 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN 40 Basic Philosophy in Systemization of COSMOS For human to properly judge and promptly process, Establishment of a system to increase efficiency and power for human thinking and working Human makes judgment, while computers do discrimination. Human makes decisions, while computers choose and rank candidates. For a discrepancy with original plans, computers ask for human directions. For control systems, human operates on information processing levels.

41 41 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN Characteristics of COSMOS System Provision of optimal traffic control technology for high-speed & highdensity operation Realization of a total system for integrated management of train operation plans, maintenance plans, information of train presence on tracks etc. Drastic expansion of systemization for stations, rolling stock bases, and maintenance depots Improvement of information service Control system decentralized to stations based on wide-area large-scale autonomous decentralized philosophy (highly-responsive automatic control system) Traffic operation rescheduling with real-time train operation simulation (projection) Reliable transmission of diagram changes (command transmission function) Maintenance management system Transport planning system Traffic control system Electric power system control system Maintenance planning support system Maintenance work system Yard route control system On-board transmission system Provision of accident information Detailed guidance service to passengers

42 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN Reliable System Service operation and Maintenance in the single integrated system 6:00 0:00 Service operation hours Maintenance hours Confirmation car This is the car that runs on the track after maintenance work is finished, to confirm safety for the first commercial train Maintenance work is done during midnight hours, between the arrival of the last commercial train and the departure of the first one. This provides a period of several hours for maintenance to increase the level of safety. Copyright 2014 East Japan Railway Company ALL Rights Reserved. 42

43 43 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN Customer Satisfaction Operating Shinkansen at faster speeds km/h km/h Challenges toward achieving an operational speed of 360km/h Higher Safety km/h Higher Reliability km/h From Tokyo to Shin-Aomori 2h59min. (the fastest) Higher Ride Comfort More Noise Reduction Reduction of other aerodynamical effect

44 FEATURES OF SHINKANSEN Customer Satisfaction Full-active Suspension / Car Body Tilting System Improved Running Performance Improved Ride Quality Full-active Suspension System Electric actuators with high responsiveness Car Body Tilting System Maximum of 1.5 Degree can navigate curves of 4,000m in radius at 320km/h Vibration Detection Sensor Vibration Prevention with an electric actuator 44

45 4 CONCLUSION 45

46 46 CONCLUSION The Balance of Safety and Punctuality Safety Punctuality Even when trouble occurs, there must be a balance between "safety" and "punctuality. We must always pursue a balance between ultimate safety and punctuality. Customer expectations Competition with other companies To become more severe

47 CONCLUSION Our Mission To always advance in order to meet and overcome problems <Issues> Station and train congestion Inconvenience of transfers <Countermeasures> Direct through service Suica IC card service <New issues> Service management more complex <New countermeasures> For vehicle trouble For unusual events More accurate, timely information We aim for both Safety and Punctuality Safety is the top priority for railway management. Safety and punctuality are the basis for all operations. We aim for further improvement in high density and safe train operations 47

48 Thank you very much Osamu Kawanobe, Executive Director and Director General of Railway Operations Headquarters. East Japan Railway Company 25 March