Planning and development of urban transportation system Experience from Tokyo

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1 Planning and development of urban transportation system Experience from Tokyo Sept 22, 2016 Bureau of Urban Development Tokyo Metropolitan Government Takahiro ANZAI

2 Contents 1 Outline of Tokyo Railway Network Expressway Network For Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games

(billions of USD) Japan 377,972 127,110 4,921

3 Greater Tokyo Area Japan Greater Tokyo Area Tokyo Met. Area (km 2 ) Population (thousand) GDP/GRP (billions of USD) Japan 377, ,110 4,921 Greater Tokyo 13,562 36,126 1,635 Tokyo Met. 2,191 13,

4 Greater Tokyo Area Saitama Pref. Tokyo Met. Kanagawa Pref. Chiba Pref. 50km Urban Area Rank Population (thousand) Tokyo(greater) 1 37,833 Delhi 2 24,953 Shanghai 3 22,991 New York 9 18,591 Dhaka 11 16,982 Karachi 12 16,126 Manila 18 12,764 Paris 25 10,764 London 27 10,189 Jakarta 28 10,176 Seoul 29 9,775 3

5 Tokyo Metropolis Outlying Islands in Tokyo Saitama Pref. National proportion GDP Population Area 19% 10% 0.6% Tama area Tokyo Met. 23 special wards Chiba Pref. Population: 13.5 million GRP: 929 billion (USD) Area: 2,191 km 2 Kanagawa Pref. 4

types of districts: Residential districts (7 categories)

6 Tokyo Metropolis (Designated Zoning Area) Tama area 26cities & 5towns 23 special wards Zoning areas are divided into three types of districts: Residential districts (7 categories) Commercial districts (2 categories) Industrial districts (3 categories) 5

7 6 Tokyo Metropolis (Designated Zoning Area) 1 Residential districts Den-en-chofu, Ota-ward 2 Commercial districts Near the Tokyo Station, Chiyoda-ward 3 Industrial districts Bay area, Koto-ward 1 2 3

8 Quality of Life in Tokyo Tokyo is the second most liveable city in the world, according to Monocle s 2014 Quality of Life survey. Rank City 1 Copenhagen 2 Tokyo 3 Melbourne 4 Stockholm 5 Helsinki 6 Vienna 7 Zurich 8 Munich 9 Kyoto 10 Fukuoka MONOCLE Issue 75 July/August

9 Urban Railway Network JR Yamanote Line Akihabara Shinjuku Shibuya Tokyo Oedo Subway Line 8

10 Urban Railway Network Status of railway (As of 2010) Length Stations JR lines (Ex-National railways) Private lines (7 major companies) Subway (2 major companies) Monorail, New transport system 419km km km km 101 Total 1,178km 769 9

11 History of Railway Development 10 Period 1:Early stage 1872~1940 s Period 2:Developing stage 1950 s~1980 s Period 3:Matured stage 1980 s~

12 Yamanote line 11 History of Railway Development Period 1 : Early stage 1872~1940 s Tobu Isesaki Line Seibu Ikebukuro Line Keisei Line 1955 Chuo Line Keio Line Tokaido line (for Yokohama) Tokyu Meguro Line Urban area JR lines(ex-national railways) Private lines

in commuter trains End of trams operation (to secure road traffics)

13 History of Railway Development Period 2 : Developing stage 1950 s~1970 s Population rapid growth mil) Crowded road Congestion in commuter trains End of trams operation (to secure road traffics) Development of subway network Development of urban railways for suburb towns 12

14 History of Railway Development Period 3 : Matured stage 1980 s~ Population stable growth mil) Effective utilization of existing railway network Mutual direct operation New line development Oedo subway line JR Yamanote line Oedo subway line Subway JR / Private line 13

15 Financial Support for Railway Development Early stage Developing stage Matured stage Railway company's own resources Subsidy for railway construction Subsidy for function improvement Development of housing along railways Development of commercial facilities near stations subway network urban railways for suburb towns From double-track to quadruple-track Speed enhancement Congestion mitigation Access for airport Image of initial cost allocation Railway company 1/2 1/4 1/4 1/3 1/3 1/3 National government Local government 14

16 Road and Railway Grade Separation Projects 15 JR Yamanote Line Before After Legend Completed Underway

17 16 Effect of Railway Development Transition of modal share in Tokyo 23 wards Comparison of modal share of the world s major cities

18 17 Effect of Railway Development Transition of the congestion rate

19 Effect of Railway Development The population growth in greater Tokyo area 18

20 To Meet Universal Requirements Progress in making stations barrier-free 19 More multilingual signage

21 20

22 Improving Shibuya Station Before JR Saikyo Line After JR Yamanote Line Hachiko Square Concourse for Transfer JR Saikyo Line JR Yamanote Line Hachiko Square 21

23 Improving Shibuya Station 22

24 Three Loop Expressways 23 National Capital Region Central Loop Road (Ken-o-do) Expressway inside the CCR Tokyo Outer Loop Road Narita Airport Central Circular Route Haneda Airport

25 Three Loop Expressways (Central Circular Route) 24

26 Three Loop Expressways (Tokyo Outer Loop Road ) Current Local streets After completion Improving environmental condition CO 2 emissions reduction About 300 thousand ton / year Equivalent to 30 thousand hector forest absorbing NO x emissions reduction About 400 ton / year Equivalent to 2.6 million trucks exhausting 25

Cheaper than average Different by mileage Suburb

27 Three Loop Expressways (Ken-o-do) Before After Ken-o-do Ken-o-do Expressway toll fare Higher than average Average Cheaper than average Different by mileage Suburb Expressway toll fare Average Alleviation of radical reform Suburb 26

28 At Tokyo 1964 Games 27 Tokaido Shinkansen (In service from October 1964) Tokyo metropolitan expressway

worldwide Runway-C(3000m) Runway-D (2500m) Runway-B (2500m) Domestic Cargo Area

29 For Tokyo 2020 Games Functional enhancement of Haneda airport Number of International flights (flights/day) 0 (2002) 100 (2015 winter) Chartered flight only 26 cities worldwide Runway-C(3000m) Runway-D (2500m) Runway-B (2500m) Domestic Cargo Area Runway-A(3000m) Terminal 2 Terminal 1 International Cargo Area Hangar area International Terminal 28

30 For Tokyo 2020 Games Departures and arrivals (international + domestic) 29

31 For Tokyo 2020 Games Introduction of BRT system Tokyo Toranomon Bus Terminal Torano mon The ring road 2 (under construction) Olympic Village Conecting Bus 30

32 31 After Tokyo 2020 Games Population tends by age group 32.5% 39.3%

33 32 After Tokyo 2020 Games Number of visitors to Japan/Tokyo

34 Thank you for your attention!

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