Using molecular markers for germplasm identification in Bosnia and Herzegovina

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1 University of Banja Luka Genetic Resources Institute Using molecular markers for germplasm identification in Bosnia and Herzegovina MSc Mirela Kajkut Prof. Dr Gordana Đurić Budapest, 3-5 March 2014

2 Genetic Resources Institute of University of Banja Luka Founded in 2009 Two centers Center for biodiversity Center for sustainable use Gene Bank of the Republic of Srpska

3 ACTIVITIES - Implementation of the Program for conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources in Republic of Srpska (adopted in National Assembly of the Republic of Srpska in Official gazette number 59/08). - Managing with Botanical garden of University of Banja Luka and with Protected area of University city

4 Seed Gene Bank

5 Field Gene Bank

6 Botanical Garden

7 Park of University City

8 Germplasm of Bosnia and Herzegovina The territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) has been historically exposed to the influences of different civilizations. In B&H, through spontaneous or planned hybridization and selection, introduced germplasm participated in the creation of new autochthonous varieties.

9 Identification of Germplasm by molecular markers The studies were performed on Malus germplasm and (Gaši et al., 2010), Pyrus germplasm (Gaši et al., 2013) using SSR (Simple sequence repeats) markers.

10 A total of 39 accessions of apple, 24 traditional B&H cultivars and 15 modern international cultivars were investigated using 10 SSR (simple sequence repeats) markers and 23 morphologic characteristics. This study showed that traditional apple cultivars from B&H, have a high number of unique alleles, and that there is no correlation between the molecular and morphologic set (Gaši et al., 2010).

11 Pear germplasm were also analyzed. Using 13 microsatellite markers 64 pear accessions were analyzed, 27 traditional B&H cultivars and 9 international reference cultivars. Traditional B&H pear accessions differentiated genetically from the international pear cultivars and genetic structure revealed that most international cultivars grouped in a single reconstructed panmictic population (Gaši et al., 2013).

12 Grapevine cultivars were also analyzed with AFLP (Amplified fragment length polymorphism) and SSR markers. Because unknown origin, cultivar "Žilavka" was analyzed with SSR markers in order to obtain a standard "Žilavka" genotype. Also, AFLP markers were used to investigate the genetic basis of variability within the cultivar (Tomić et al., 2010).

13 A set of B&H grapevine cultivars was analyzed by SSR markers in order to assess true cultivar identity, genetic relationships and to detect the level of genetic diversity. Fifty-one collected grapevine cultivars of Bosnia and Herzegovina were analyzed by 22 microsatellite markers. Twenty-five unique fingerprints representing 23 cultivars and 2 unnamed genotypes were found. The results of the study will be used for establishing a non-redundant grapevine germplasm collection (Tomić et al., 2012).

14 RAPD (Randomly amplified polymorphic markers) was applied for initial molecular analysis of ray (Secale cereale L.) accessions in the Gene Bank of Republic of Srpska. Comparison of five ray accessions showed that in the Gene Bank exist duplicate ray accession (Kajkut et al., 2012).

15 RAPD markers are also used for preliminary identification of pear germplasm in order to eliminate duplicate accessions in Field Gene Bank. From eleven analized pear accessions, five of them had same coefficien of genetic similartiy. That were accessions from Lubenicarka group. Accessions from Lubenicarka group

16 No. Name of accession Area of origin 1. Banjalučka crnica Laktaši 2. Cipov Gradiška 3. Bjelica-biljur Laktaši 4. Crveni hrušt Banja Luka 5. Ašlamka Banja Luka 6. Azijanka Banja Luka 7. Mostarka Čajniče 8. Divlja crnica Čajniče 9. Aršlama Vlasenica 10. Bjelica Vlasenica 11. Triješanj bijeli Milići 12. Aprilka-Mostarska rana Mostar 13. Rani hrušt Mostar 14. Kasni hrušt Mostar 15. Grki hrušt Mostar 16. Alica Mostar Cherry accessions

17 Future tasks Molecular identification of cherry germplasm SSR markers S genotyping

18 THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION! Genetic Resources Institute