A Basic Needs Index for St. Lucia at the level of Small Areas for the 2010 Population and Housing Census

Transcription

1 A Basic Needs Index for St. Lucia at the level of Small Areas for the 2010 Population and Housing Census 1. Methodology By Edwin St. Catherine, Director of Statistics May 4, 2011 This index is implemented by ascribing to each household or characteristic of a person within that household a score based on the presence or absence of a condition which can be aggregated to the level of the household. This household based summary score can be normalized to a community score on the basis of the total number of households in the community. With each community allocated a score, all the communities within the country can be ranked and by extension a map of relative deprivation of communities derived when this community based indicator is combined with the small area GIS polygon. For St Lucia GIS polygons of communities have been developed and a poverty map based on the associated community boundaries has been developed. The Table containing the ranking criteria for the communities is shown below. These variables capture the essence of an individual or household s basic need. Each variable is ascribed a score, for example, each household possession gives the household a score of between 2 and 0.5 inclusive. The household with the value of a computed variable persons per bedroom which is 1.5 is assigned a score of 1. This implicitly states the relative position of household assets when compared to the computed variable persons per bedroom. To ensure the weight assigned to the variable is uniformly distributed across the households being scored, the census 2010 household values for the variable is sorted in ascending order and divided into quartiles, the first quartile is assigned the weight of 0, the 2 nd quartile a weight of 1, the 3 rd a weight of 2 and the 4 th a weight of 3. This ensures that the highest level of sensitivity is assigned to the scores to allow for clearer distinctions to be made between communities. While there is some subjectivity in assigning scores to computed variables or household asset variables, in the case of household assets the score is only partially subjective. The range of weights assigned to the asset itself is subjective, that is, between 2 and 0.5 inclusive, the score assigned depends on the rarity of the asset in the pool of all household. The rarity of an asset is dependent on the percentage of households owning the asset, if less than 20% of households own the asset it is assigned the highest score weight of 2, if less than 50% of households but more than 20% of households own the asset, it is assigned a weight of 1, if over 50% of household owns the asset it is assigned a weight of 0.5, if the asset is not owned by the household it is assigned a weight of 0 for the household in question. The list of variables built into the summary basic needs index at the household level consists of three types. 1) There are strictly household based or derived variables such as wall type, toilet type, light source and household assets which emanate from questions asked 1 P age

2 about housing conditions, this is the dominant set of variables used in this particular version of the index. 2) There is the education of head variable which ascribes a score to the household based on the level of education achieved by the head of the household. It is to be noted at this point that the education of head is not a household based variable but it is a variable derived from a person characteristic of a household member who happens to be the head of the household. The generation of this variable requires that the education of head variable be generated in the person dataset and via the relational link between the person and the household dataset it is transferred to the household dataset. 3) The remaining variables are a cross fertilization of the household and the person variables. That is, the number of persons per bedroom, which is an indicator of overcrowding and number of employed persons to the total number of persons which is the employment rate in the household, respectively, brings together both person based and household based characteristics to derive a score for the household. 2. Aggregation of the Index to the Community Level The scores are generated within the household database of the St Lucia 2010 Census for each variable in the ranking criteria. The sum of the scores represents the score for the household. The dataset is then aggregated to the level of the community so the score for all households within a community are aggregated to generate a total household score for the community. To allow for the comparison of communities the total household score is normalized by dividing by the total number of households within the community to obtain an average household score for the community. This score will not exceed the total score possible for any individual household. This average basic needs score is the index used to rank the communities. To allow for the dissemination of this data in tabular or GIS form it is necessary to classify the average household score assigned to the community. This is done by first ordering the records of the dataset on the basis of this living condition or basic needs index from the lowest score to the highest score and dividing it into five equal parts. Each quintile must have an equal number of records give or take one. At the level of the GIS scores are color coded within the community map so that the score attained influences the concentration of the specific color ( graduated ) on the map that identifies the poorer communities more intensely than the more well-off communities. In other words, a darker shade of brown will illustrate communities which are worse off than communities with a lighter shade of brown, for example, which are better off. 2 P age

3 This score which allows us to have the possibility of classifying the map at the community level also allows us to rank them and therefore give a critical indication of which are the least well-off communities or the better-off communities with respect to the basic needs index as has been illustrated within the attached tables. This index gives a very powerful indication to institutions involved in poverty reduction such as, SSDF (St Lucia Social Development Fund) an evidenced based approach to the allocation of their resources to areas where they are most needed. 3 P age

4 Table 1: Household Poverty Score Criteria For Ranking Communities, St Lucia Census 2010 Item Response Score Wall type Brick/Block/Concrete Wood and Concrete Plywood or Plywood and Concrete Wattle/Tapia/makeshift Rarity of Asset Indicator* Toilet type WC to sewer/cess pit 2 Pit latrine 1 None 0 Computer Computer 1 No Computer 0 Light Source Electricity or gas Kerosene/none 1 0 Household Assets Solar water heater Electircal water heater TV Cable TV Refrigerator Freezer Microwave oven Stove Washing machine Land line phone Cellular phone Air conditioner Water pump Water tank Dishwasher Clothes dryer One Car/pick-up 2 More than one 3 None 0 No persons < Per bedroom or more Education of head University/Tertiary Post secondary, non-tertiary Upper secondary (Forms 4 & 5) Lower/Junior Secondary/Senior Pre-primary (Infant) or Primary Pre-school/None No. employed x<1.00, x> to total number of persons x<.67, x>0.46 x<0.47, x>0.25 x< Maximum Score 30 * This is the percentage of households which owns this asset

5 of of FOND CAPECHE VIEUX FORT ROSEAU VALLEY ANSE LA RAYE BARON'S DRIVE/COIN DE L'ANSE SOUFRIERE MORNE VIENT MICOUD MALGRETOUTE MICOUD CONWAY CASTRIES VENUS ANSE LA RAYE DURANDEAU ANSE LA RAYE CACAO/VIGIE MICOUD BRUCEVILLE/SHANTY TOWN VIEUX FORT CHIQUE/BLANCHARD MICOUD ANSE LA VERDUE CANARIES VILLAGE ANSE LA RAYE LEZY MICOUD SAND DE FEU CASTRIES BELMONT DENNERY MILLET ANSE LA RAYE PARC ESTATE LABORIE LA PELLE DENNERY TROU COCHON/MARC CASTRIES COOLIE TOWN CASTRIES ST LAWRENCE ANSE LA RAYE ANSE LA RAYE PALMISTE SOUFRIERE COOLIE TOWN VIEUX FORT CHRISTIAN HILL CHOISEUL VOLET MICOUD LA POINTE DENNERY WESTALL GROUP/THE MANGUE VIEUX FORT DUBRASSAY CASTRIES JEAN BAPTISTE ANSE LA RAYE FOND BERANGE LABORIE BOIS D'INDE CHOISEUL ST LAWRENCE ESTATE ANSE LA RAYE NEWFIELD/FIETTE CHOISEUL SULPHUR SPRINGS SOUFRIERE FRANCIOU CHOISEUL TETE CHEMIN/MILLET ANSE LA RAYE DENNERY BY PASS/ROCKY LANE DENNERY CHASSIN/BABONNEAU CASTRIES Page 1 of 10

6 of of CAFFIERE CHOISEUL CARIERRE VIEUX FORT VILLAGE CANARIES BALCA LABORIE ESPERANCE CHOISEUL MORNE D'OR ANSE LA RAYE MACDOMEL LABORIE MORNE PANACHE DENNERY LAMAZE CHOISEUL GOMIER MICOUD MONZIE CHOISEUL GADETTE DENNERY DERRIERE MORNE CHOISEUL LA PERLE LABORIE BELAIR CASTRIES BOUTON SOUFRIERE SAROT CASTRIES DERNIERE RIVIERE DENNERY AU LEON DENNERY BELVEDERE CANARIES CROWNLANDS/MARC CASTRIES FAUX A CHAUD CASTRIES BOIS D'INDE ANSE LA RAYE MOCHA SOUFRIERE BELVEDERE SOUFRIERE MORNE LA CROIX SOUFRIERE LUMIERE DENNERY BLANCHARD MICOUD CHAMPEN ESTATE ANSE LA RAYE DUGARD MICOUD CANARIES LA POINTE CHOISEUL LENNY HILL SOUFRIERE GRACE VIEUX FORT TROIS PITON CASTRIES RAVENEAU CHOISEUL CAICO/MILLET ANSE LA RAYE DUBONAIRE DENNERY DELCER CHOISEUL LA COURVILLE MICOUD Page 2 of 10

7 of of LONDON ROAD MICOUD MORNE CISEAUX ANSE LA RAYE LA CAYE DENNERY LA HAUT LABORIE FOND MANGER CASTRIES BARRE DUCHAUSSEE CASTRIES MONKEY TOWN/CICERON CASTRIES CUL DE SAC CASTRIES GAYABOIS LABORIE TETE MORNE LABORIE ZENON SOUFRIERE LA POINTE MICOUD DENNERY BY PASS/GREEN MOUNTAIN DENNERY BARRE ST JOSEPH CASTRIES BOIS D'INDE SOUFRIERE ROBLOT CHOISEUL CHATEAU BELAIR SOUFRIERE PRASLIN MICOUD VILLAGE CHOISEUL KENNEDY HIGHWAY LABORIE PONYON CHOISEUL CANTONEMENT VIEUX FORT MORNE VERT VIEUX FORT LA RETRAITE VIEUX FORT DABAN LABORIE ST PHILLIP SOUFRIERE DERIERRE MORNE VIEUX FORT MARCHAND CASTRIES MORNE SION CHOISEUL THAMAZO DENNERY GRANDE RAVINE DENNERY SALTIBUS LABORIE PEROU CASTRIES LABAYEE CASTRIES INDUSTRY CHOISEUL OLIBO LABORIE GRANDE RIVIERE DENNERY BARA BARA DENNERY MORNE CAYENNE VIEUX FORT ESPERANCE VIEUX FORT Page 3 of 10

8 of of CHOPPIN CASTRIES JACMEL ANSE LA RAYE MORNE JACQUES CHOISEUL DEGLOS CASTRIES DES BLANCHARD MICOUD RAVINE POISSON CASTRIES ESPERANCE SOUFRIERE RAVINE CLAIRE SOUFRIERE DES BARRAS GROS ISLET BANSE LABORIE LA CROIX MAINGOT CASTRIES GETRINE LABORIE BOGUIS GROS ISLET BARRE DENIS CASTRIES LOMBARD MICOUD MONCHY/LA BORNE GROS ISLET FOND ASSAU/BABONNEAU CASTRIES DOCAMEL/LA RESOURCE VIEUX FORT DERNIERE RIVIERE/MARDI GRAS/MORNE CACA COCHON DENNERY DENNERY VILLAGE DENNERY WILTON'S YARD/GRAVE YARD CASTRIES FOND/DESRUISSEAUX MICOUD DENNERY DUGARD CHOISEUL VIEUX FORT/LABORIE HIGHWAY VIEUX FORT GEORGE CHARLES BOULEVARD CASTRIES MONGOUGE CHOISEUL TROU ROUGE CASTRIES MONCHY/RAVINE MACOCK GROS ISLET VANARD ANSE LA RAYE RIVERSIDE ROAD CANARIES MICOUD MARC CASTRIES ODSAN CASTRIES GRANDE RIVIERE/ASSOU CANAL GROS ISLET GARRAND GROS ISLET DESRAMEAUX GROS ISLET BAGATELLE CASTRIES SAVANNES GEORGE/CONSTITUTION PARK CHOISEUL DIAMOND/DIAMOND ESTATE SOUFRIERE Page 4 of 10

9 of of TI ROCHER MICOUD CATIN VIEUX FORT LONDONDERRY LABORIE VILLAGE MICOUD THOMAZO/TOURNESSE DENNERY CHOISEUL PATTERSON'S GAP CASTRIES NEW VILLAGE CASTRIES BELFOND SOUFRIERE RAVINE TOUTERELLE CASTRIES LA RESSOURCE DENNERY BOIS PATAT CASTRIES NEW VILLAGE MICOUD GUESNEAU CASTRIES ANSE GER MICOUD VIEUX FORT VICTORIA CHOISEUL AGARD LANDS CASTRIES RICHE FOND/LA BELLE VIE DENNERY LESLIE LAND CASTRIES RICHE FOND/NEW VILLAGE DENNERY QUATRE CHEMINS CASTRIES GRASS STREET CASTRIES AURENDEL HILL CASTRIES TOWN SOUFRIERE EAU PIQUANT/ST URBAIN VIEUX FORT GIRARD/BABONNEAU CASTRIES PAIX BOUCHE MICOUD DACRETIN CHOISEUL BEXON CASTRIES GENTIL LABORIE LASTIC HILL CASTRIES CABICHE/BABONNEAU CASTRIES CAPITAL HILL CASTRIES ANSE CANOT DENNERY MORNE ASSAU/BABONNEAU CASTRIES ROCK HALL CASTRIES TI COLON CASTRIES PIERROT VIEUX FORT FOND GENS LIBRE SOUFRIERE Page 5 of 10

10 of of TOWN VIEUX FORT LA GUERRE GROS ISLET MORNE DUDON CASTRIES GROS ISLET TOWN GROS ISLET MONCHY GROS ISLET MAYNARD HILL CASTRIES DERIERRE FORT/OLD VICTORIA ROAD CASTRIES MORNE CITON GROS ISLET HOSPITAL ROAD CASTRIES BANSE LA GRACE LABORIE MARIGOT CASTRIES TI ROCHER CASTRIES DENNERY BY PASS DENNERY GEORGEVILLE CASTRIES DEBREIUL CHOISEUL BISSEE CASTRIES RICHE FOND DENNERY PATIENCE MICOUD TALVERN/BABONNEAU CASTRIES BOGUIS/DESA BLOND GROS ISLET PAVEE CASTRIES ROSE HILL CASTRIES GIRAUD LABORIE CASTRIES FOND BERNIER SOUFRIERE LABORIE DESRUISSEAUX MICOUD PAIX BOUCHE GROS ISLET L'EAU MINEAU MICOUD DESPINOZE DENNERY BELLE VUE CHOISEUL MONCHY/TI DAUPHIN GROS ISLET WATERWORKS CASTRIES FORESTIERE CASTRIES SUNBILT CASTRIES AU TABOR HILL ANSE LA RAYE MONCHY/VIEUX SUCREIC GROS ISLET BLACK MALLET CASTRIES BOIS CATCHET CASTRIES MONCHY/MALGRETOUTE GROS ISLET Page 6 of 10

11 of of ACTIVE HILL CASTRIES LE RICHE CHOISEUL LA TOC CASTRIES ETANGS SOUFRIERE CICERON CASTRIES FOND CANIE CASTRIES LA HAUT MICOUD DELAIDE DENNERY VILLAGE LABORIE GREEN GOLD/BABONNEAU CASTRIES LA RESOURCE VIEUX FORT MON REPOS MICOUD RESINARD CASTRIES LA CROIX CHAUBOUGH GROS ISLET BABONNEAU PROPER CASTRIES CEDARS CASTRIES MONCHY/RIVIERE MITAN GROS ISLET POMME VIEUX FORT RAVINE CHABOT CASTRIES AUGIER VIEUX FORT CITY CASTRIES PIAYE LABORIE BOCAGE CASTRIES CACOA/BABONNEAU CASTRIES GOODLANDS CASTRIES GRANDE RIVIERE/DEGAZON GROS ISLET LA CARIERRE CASTRIES BALATA CASTRIES BELLA ROSA CASTRIES LA FARGUE CHOISEUL BISHOP'S GAP/GHIRAWOO ROAD CASTRIES LA PANSEE CASTRIES BANANNES BAY CASTRIES L'HERMITAGE GROS ISLET MONCHY/LAFEUILLE GROS ISLET HILL 20/BABONNEAU CASTRIES PLATEAU GROS ISLET BARNARD HILL CASTRIES BELLE PLAIN SOUFRIERE NEW DEVELOPMENT SOUFRIERE Page 7 of 10

12 of of UNION/TI MORNE GROS ISLET DARLING ROAD CASTRIES MALGRETOUTE SOUFRIERE CITY GATE CASTRIES SAUZAY CHOISEUL GRANDE RIVIERE/MORNE SERPENT GROS ISLET VIDE BOUTEILLE CASTRIES LA CLERY CASTRIES GRANDE RIVIERE/NORBERT GROS ISLET REUNION CHOISEUL PEARTS GAP CASTRIES BEAUSEJOUR/MYERS BRIDGE SOUFRIERE LA TOURNEY/CEDAR HEIGHTS VIEUX FORT BOIS D'ORANGE GROS ISLET RIVER DOREE CHOISEUL MORNE ROAD CASTRIES DERIERRE BOIS VIEUX FORT LANSE ROAD CASTRIES GRANDE RIVIERE/PIAT GROS ISLET MONGIRAUD GROS ISLET SAVANNES MICOUD CRESSLANDS SOUFRIERE BEAUCHAMP MICOUD MASSADE GROS ISLET INDEPENDENCE CITY CASTRIES GRANDE RIVIERE GROS ISLET ST JUDE'S HIGHWAY VIEUX FORT BLACK BAY VIEUX FORT AU TABOR ANSE LA RAYE CAYE MANJE' GROS ISLET MONCHY/LA RETRAITE GROS ISLET CHASE GARDENS CASTRIES MONCHY/CAREFFE GROS ISLET YORKE HILL CASTRIES BOIS D'ORANGE/TROUYA GROS ISLET H'ERELLE LABORIE BOIS JOLI DENNERY GROS ISLET MONCHY/MOULIN A VENT GROS ISLET TI RIVIERE MICOUD Page 8 of 10

13 of of MONIER GROS ISLET REDUIT GROS ISLET UNION GROS ISLET CAS EN BAS GROS ISLET MARISULE GROS ISLET SAPHIRE LABORIE BEAUSEJOUR GROS ISLET MOULE A CHIQUE VIEUX FORT SAN SOUCI CASTRIES BELLA ROSA GROS ISLET GRANDE RIVIERE/INGLE WOODS GROS ISLET THE MORNE CASTRIES CORINTH GROS ISLET MARISULE/EAST WINDS GROS ISLET REDUIT PARK GROS ISLET ENTREPOT CASTRIES GRANDE RIVIERE/WHITE ROCK GROS ISLET BELLE VUE GROS ISLET INDUSTRIAL ESTATE VIEUX FORT FOND CACOA SOUFRIERE MARISULE/BON AIR GROS ISLET UNION TERRACE GROS ISLET BALEMBOUCHE LABORIE ALMONDALE CASTRIES HILLCREST GARDENS CASTRIES BONNETERRE GARDENS GROS ISLET CORINTH ESTATE GROS ISLET CARELLIE CASTRIES TAPION CASTRIES DENNERY BY PASS/WHITE ROCK GARDENS DENNERY SUMMERSDALE CASTRIES BEANE FIELD VIEUX FORT ESCAP MICOUD HEWANORRA ORCHARD VIEUX FORT REDUIT ORCHARD GROS ISLET RODNEY BAY GROS ISLET BEAUSEJOUR VIEUX FORT MASSACRE ANSE LA RAYE SUNNY ACRES CASTRIES MARISULE/TOP OF THE WORLD GROS ISLET Page 9 of 10

14 of of BONNETERRE GROS ISLET VIGIE CASTRIES COUBARIL CASTRIES CAP ESTATE/BECUNE PARK GROS ISLET RODNEY HEIGHTS GROS ISLET CAP ESTATE/GOLF PARK GROS ISLET CAP ESTATE GROS ISLET Page 10 of 10