The California / Nevada GLORIA Project: Status, Methodology, Data & Future Plans Death Valley National Park, 2013 Initial Survey Report
|
|
- Wilfred Carr
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The California / Nevada GLORIA Project: Status, Methodology, Data & Future Plans Death Valley National Park, 2013 Initial Survey Report Adelia Barber, GLORIA California July 2014
2 Summary of GLORIA activities in California & Nevada Rising global temperatures are predicted to disproportionately affect alpine ecosystems. The plants at the tops of the world s highest mountains, unlike sub-alpine species, cannot migrate to new locations upslope as the climate warms. One of the most ambitious global projects for vegetation assessment in the alpine zone is the international GLORIA project (GLobal Observation & Research Initiative in Alpine environments), a standardized assessment protocol for monitoring changes in plant distribution and abundance on high-elevation summits every 5 years. Globally, over 350 sites have been surveyed using this protocol. At each site plant abundance data is taken for 8 sections of the summit (divided by aspect and elevation), smaller permanent plots are established for more detailed abundance data, the entire summit is extensively photographed, and temperature loggers are installed to measure soil temperatures. The USDA Forest Service organization CIRMOUNT (Consortium for Integrated Climate Research in Western Mountains) and the White Mountain Research Station (WMRS) sponsored the establishment of the first North American GLORIA summits in California in 2004 in the White Mountains and in the Sierra Nevada. Since that time, other branches of the USDA Forest Service, the National Park Service (NPS), the Californian Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit (CA-CESU), and volunteer researchers from the UC system have sponsored the establishment of a total 8 GLORIA target regions in California and Nevada, consisting of 29 high summits. A GLORIA target region is comprised of a cluster of 3-4 summit sites in a single mountain range and uniform geological substrate. In 2013, a California non-profit organization ( GLORIA California ) was established to help support GLORIA activities in California and Nevada over the long term. The GLORIA protocol calls for the summits in each target region to be surveyed every 5 years. Eighteen summits in California & Nevada have been resurveyed once (5 yrs after the initial survey); 3 in the Carson Range near Tahoe, 4 in the Sierra Nevada, 7 in the White Mountains, and 4 in Great Basin National Park. Summits in 3 other target regions have been established and are awaiting resurvey (3 summits in the Sweetwater Range, 4 near Mt. Langley in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, and 3 in Death Valley National Park). Planned for 2014 is the 3 rd resurvey of the 8 summits that were first established in 2004 (in the White Mountain Range and in the Sierra Nevada). The California-Nevada GLORIA project is an extensive interagency cooperative project with a large volunteer and citizen science component. This group has been central to developing new methods for surveying alpine plants on mountain tops with sparse vegetation, and applying the GLORIA methods to plant communities down slope from the main GLORIA summits. The field work is typically completed by volunteers and federal agency staff with botanical expertise. Volunteers typically include botany students from California/Nevada universities, members of the California and Nevada Native Plant Societies, and other interested parties. An organizer/field director is hired by an agency or by GLORIA California organizes to coordinate the field work and data entry. The GLORIA project is designed to operate with only basic funding: the equipment is simple and inexpensive, the work force is largely volunteer and the field crews camp to access most summits. With only a moderate amount of material support and funding, this project should be able to continue for many decades to come. The
3 GLORIA methodologies are designed to record slow changes in alpine plant communities over multiple decades, thus it is somewhat early to make speculations about potential changes in species composition from our 5-yr resurvey data of 14 summits, although we have documented a number of new species on certain sites and a die-back of some shrubs on others. Baseline data from the alpine zone will become important in the coming decades as climate changes advance, and the GLORIA project in California and Nevada is one of the only established projects that covers both a wide geographical scale and is designed to continue for decades or centuries. Summary of GLORIA Layout: The GLORIA protocol includes several different types of sampling, designed to measure species occurrence on different aspects of each summit, relative abundance of the plant species, percent cover of different substrate types (e.g., rock vs. bare ground), as well as percent cover for each species. See Figure 1 for a diagram of the layout. Figure 1: GLORIA Sampling design shown on an example summit (Source: GLORIA Field Manual Figure 8.1)
4 Summary of GLORIA Data Collection A. Presence/Absence and Relative Abundance Data (termed Summit Area Sections or SASs): The summit is divided into 8 sections (the upper 5 meter zones in the North, East, South, & West, and the upper 10 meter zones in the North, East, South, & West). Each section is delineated with colored string during the fieldwork. For each summit area section, the following data is taken: 1. Complete species list for each section Most plants are identified to species, subspecies, or variety in the field. Some samples are taken to complete identification in the lab. For species that are very rare, some data is taken on specific location (e.g., the single Draba breweri in this section is located under the large talus block that is situated 3.5 meters NE of the high summit point ). 2. Abundance codes Each plant is designated as common, dominant, scattered, rare, or very rare (based on specific criteria). 3. Percent cover of substrate types Estimates of percent cover are made for the following substrate types: vascular plants, solid rock, scree, bare ground, and litter. The GLORIA protocol calls for estimates of percent cover of lichens growing ground and bryophytes ground on ground, since neither of these are present in most of our California sites, this data has generally been excluded. On certain sites with some tree cover (e.g., Buck Mountain in Great Basin National Park), the category Overstory has been added to capture an estimate of tree cover. 4. Optional percent cover for each species The original GLORIA protocol called for an ocular estimate of percent cover for each species within each summit area section (e.g., Arabis inyoensis covers.01 sq. meters of the North 5-meter section, or Ribes cereum covers 3 sq. meters of the East 10-meter section). Due to the very rocky and steep nature of some of our summits, many of our data-takers felt that this data was very subjective and inaccurate. The first surveys done from (target regions WIM, SND, WDS, LAN, CAT, and GRB) included this data, it was excluded from subsequent surveys. 5. Optional comments on grazing impacts A box for comments on grazing is included on all the GLORIA forms, due to the abundance of sheep and cattle grazing on European summits. None of the California/Nevada summits are significantly impacted by livestock grazing, thus this box is often used to comment on the very occasional lagomorph or marmot herbivory of some of the plants. B. Smaller sampling quadrats (termed 3x3 grids or 1-m square plots): The GLORIA protocol calls for 4-3x3 meter grids to be added at specific places in the layout (at the intersection of the 5-meter line and each cardinal direction line, see Figure 1). In each 3x3 meter grid, the 4 corner 1x1 meter plots are sampled (yielding 16 total sampled plots on each summit), the middle grids in the 3x3 plot are used as walkways to keep foot traffic off the sampling plots. The original GLORIA protocol called for these plots to be placed in very specific places. Due to the sparse vegetation on many of our summits, these specifically placed plots were sometimes completely devoid of vegetation. The new GLORIA protocol made allowances for moving the plots horizontally along the 5-meter contour line until
5 vegetation was located. However, moving the plots in this way did not always yield a vegetated area to sample. In many of our rocky summits, there exist small pockets of secured substrate with a very high density and diversity of plants in a tiny area (usually less than 1m square); plots placed according to a grid rarely capture these areas. The placement of plots on the Californian summits reflects a hybrid of the official GLORIA methods and our own methods. On our original summits, the plots were placed exactly as described in the original protocol, and in subsequent resurveys new plots have been added in vegetated areas. The original (non-vegetated) plots are marked, and can be checked for new vegetation at each resurvey. On summits that were first surveyed in later years, occasional plots were moved slightly horizontally or vertically from the 5- meter line to accommodate vegetation. For each of the 16-1x1 meter plots, the following data is taken: 1. Complete species list 2. Ocular estimate of percent cover for each species 3. Point count of plant species or substrates under each of 100 grid points C. Larger sampling plots: The GLORIA protocol was developed in Austria, and many European summits are more vegetated than typical summits in the American west. The rocky nature of Californian summits necessitates some additional sampling for accurate percent cover estimates of vegetation. Thus, we have added 4-10x10 meter plots in the same vicinity of the 1x1 meter plots on each aspect. For each of the 4-1x1 meter plots, the following data is taken: 1. Complete species list 2. Point count of plant species or substrates under each of 400 grid points D. Temperature Loggers Temperature loggers are buried on each aspect of each summit (4 per summit) and record hourly soil temperatures. GLORIA summits in California & Nevada have utilized Onset brand Tidbit v2 units, Stowaway units, or Water Temp Pro units. Each of these Onset temperature loggers has a data life of 4.9 years, thus need to be downloaded at some point prior to the 5-year resurvey. E. Digital Photographs Digital photographs are taken of: all sampling plots, all summit area section corners and boundaries, placement of the temperature data loggers, the general landscape of the summits, and of the data-taking process. In recent years, photographs have also been taken of representative individuals of each species present on the summit.
6 Death Valley National Park GLORIA Target Region Target Region Code: DEV Location: The Panamint Range is located in southern California s Death Valley National Park. It is a dry, desert mountain range on the northern edge of the Mojave Desert; the highest peak in the range is Telescope Peak at 11,049 feet (3,368 meters). Conception and Site Survey: The initial set-up of a GLORIA target region in Death Valley National Park (DEVA) was organized by Dr. Angela Evenden (NPS Science Advisor with the CA-CESU at UC Berkeley), Jane Cipra (DEVA botanist), and Dr. Adelia Barber (GLORIA California). Temperature loggers were provided by the Mojave Desert Network Inventory and Monitoring Program. A preliminary site survey was conducted by Drew Kaiser (DEVA biological technician) in September of Four peaks were located along the North-South ridge leading to Telescope Peak that conformed to GLORIA site specifics. Telescope Peak is a popular hiking destination, thus the GLORIA site was located on a false summit, slightly off the main trail, just below the main Telescope Peak summit. Following is a general location map and photographs of the four peaks included in the DEV Target Region.
7 Figure DEV.1 Map of the 4 GLORIA Sites in the DEV Target Region
8 Figure DEV.2 Pictures of the 4 GLORIA Sites in the DEV Target Region A. LOW Summit, 9572 ft B. BEN Summit, Bennett Peak, 9980 ft (Telescope Peak in the background)
9 C. MID Summit, 9695 ft D. TEL Summit, Middle Summit of Telescope Peak, ft (view is from the highest telescope summit back north towards the GLORIA summit, the south quadrat is visible in the photo)
10 Logistics and Notes Concerning 2013 DEV Field Work Dates: Fieldwork was conducted between June 24 and June 27, 2013 following the GLORIA protocol summarized earlier in this document (the complete GLORIA field manual can be found online, The first resurvey of the DEV Target Region needs to be planned for June of Temperature loggers will need to be checked and replaced during the summer of Phenology: Many species were past flowering during our survey in late June, but the preceding winter was unusually dry. Future resurveys may be more optimally scheduled earlier in June. Crew Logistics: The crew camped at the Mahogany Flat campground, a developed campground with toilets but no water. NPS vehicles were used to transport the crew up the gated, 4WD road from Mahogany Flat to the parking area near the radio towers at Rogers Peak. Vehicle transportation from the campsite to Rogers Peaks was absolutely critical for successful completion of the sites within a day. Future resurveys should not be attempted without NPS support in the form of access through the gated road and 4WD vehicles. Weather: The weather was clear all week during the initial survey in 2013, although there were reports that lighting stuck some of the trees on Telescope Peak the following week Participants: Jane Cipra, Botanist, Death Valley National Park Drew Kaiser, Biological Science Technician, Death Valley National Park Shannon Mazzei, Biological Science Technician, Death Valley National Park Matt Romeyn, Biological Science Technician, Death Valley National Park Mary Levandowski, Science Technician, National Park Service Mojave Desert Network Inventory and Monitoring Program Angela Evenden, NPS Science Advisor, NPS & CA-CESU Chris Kopp & Ellen Esch, Graduate Students, UC San Diego Meagan Oldfather & Mike Koontz, Graduate Students, UC Berkeley Naomi Fraga, Conservation Botanist, Rancho Santa Ana Botanical Garden Melissa Lippincott, Biologist, Power Engineers, Anaheim, CA Colin Maher, Graduate Student, University of Montana, Missoula Adelia Barber, Graduate Student, UC Santa Cruz Jim & Catie Bishop, Botanists & GLORIA California Board Members Jan Nachlinger, Botanist & GLORIA California Board Member Viriginia Moran, Nan Carnal, and Jody Steffan-Campbell, independent botanists Hiking and survey times: LOW Site: 15 min hiking time from cars, 6 hrs 30 min work time BEN Site: min hiking time from cars, 6 hrs 15 min work time
11 MID Site: min hiking time from cars, 4 hrs 15 min work time TEL Site: A backpacking crew left the MID site at 1:45pm and arrived at Telescope Peak at 4pm, 4 people spent the night on Telescope Peak. The rest of the crew hiked to Telescope from the cars in the morning, fast hikers arrived at the peak in 1 hr 15 min and slower hikers arrived in 2 hrs.
12 Survey Details Geology: All 4 sites are located on similar quartzite substrates, described on geological maps as undivided Johnnie and Wyman formations (late proterozoic). Site specifics: - LOW site: This site has a fairly stable substrate (except for some areas on the west side) and is rarely visited by hikers. - BEN site: This site is gently sloped and the substrate is stable, it is a somewhat frequently visited peak, thus the spray paint mark at the summit was hidden. - MID site: This site has some trees which obstruct the plots, and the substrate on the east side is very loose and sandy. - TEL site: The substrate on this site is stable, but the main trail to the Telescope peak summit runs through the plots. Most hikers on the trail likely continue straight to the main summit of Telescope and do not visit the false summit that we surveyed as a GLORIA site. Several of the summit area sections were situated around a ridge, and the plant community was different on each aspect of the ridge, but data was taken only within each summit area section. Alterations to methodology for DEV summits: All 4 summits in Death Valley conformed nicely to the ideal GLORIA summit shape, and most were fairly heavily vegetated (compared to other California Summits). Therefore, alterations to GLORIA methodology for these summits was fairly minor. 1. The MID site east slope is steep with very loose substrate and some small trees, making for a very difficult survey environment. The 10x10 plot on the east side was moved to a location closer to the high summit point. 2. No 3x3 plots were moved to different locations in order to capture additional vegetation. 3. Paint marks were hidden or rocks were turned over on both Bennett and Telescope peak. Data loggers: Onset Brand Tidbit v2 data loggers were buried on all 4 aspects of each summit for a total of 16 loggers in the DEV target region. Data features: Most species were easily identified on all 4 summits. The biggest challenge for this target region was how to categorize plants that were mostly dead with a small portion of living material. Many Opuntia and Artemisia individuals were 50-90% dead with a small portion of living material. Plants were classified as litter in percent cover estimates if over 95% of the plant was dead. Location of 2013 data, photographs, herbarium vouchers: Vegetation and site data was entered into an Excel spreadsheet. Digital photographs were labeled and organized following GLORIA protocols. Identification of plant sample vouchers was completed by Jane Cipra and Drew Kaiser at Death Valley National Park. All data and photographs are stored in three locations: California GLORIA office, an online database of all GLORIA California files, and the DEVA Resource Management Office. Plant vouchers are stored at the DEVA herbarium.
13 Results Species Occurrence: 43 plant species were recorded between all 4 peaks in the DEV target region. Nomenclature follows TMJ2. The highest species diversity was at the LOW site (30 species) and the lowest species diversity was on Telescope Peak (17 species). Very common species, found abundantly on all summits include Artemesia dracunculus, Artemesia nova, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus and Oenothera cespitosa ssp. crinita. The botanists most familiar with these species (Jan Nachlinger, Naomi Fraga, Drew Kaiser, and Jane Cipra) were very confident in most species determinations. There was one unknown Castilleja sp. that was only found in vegetative form. The determination of Artemesia nova was in keeping with most samples taken in Death Valley NP, although some members of the botany crew felt that a sagebrush expert should look at the samples taken from the entire park, because the lack of A. tridentata is curious. Sporobolus cryptandrus was definitively present on Telescope Peak, even though this is much higher than it s expected range. Table DEV.1 Species Found in the DEV Target Region Summits 1 Abundance Codes 2 SPECIES BEN LOW MID TEL d c s r r! Argemone munita 1 1 Artemisia dracunculus Artemisia nova Astragalus gilmanii Calyptridium parryi var. nevadense Castilleja applegatei ssp. martini Castilleja sp. unknown Chaenactis douglasii var. douglasii Chamaebatiaria millefolium Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus Cryptantha hoffmanni 1 1 Elymus elymoides Ephedra viridis Ericameria gilmanii 1 1 Erigeron clokeyi Eriogonum microthecum Eriogonum umbellatum ssp. versicolor Galium hilendiae ssp. carneum 1 1 Gutierrezia sarothrae Heuchera rubescens 1 1 Keckiella rothrockii ssp. rothrockii Linanthus pungens Physaria kingii 1 1
14 Linum perenne Lupinus argenteus ssp. argenteus Oenothera cespitosa ssp. crinita Opuntia polyacantha var. erinacea Orobanche fasciculata 2 2 Pellaea breweri 1 1 Penstemon rostriflorus Phacelia crenulata Phlox stansburyi Pinus flexilis Pinus longaeva Pinus monophylla Pleiacanthus spinosus Ribes cereum Salvia pachyphylla Silene sp. unknown 1 1 Sporobolus cryptandrus Achnatherum hymenoides Achnatherum pinetorum Tetradymia canescens SPECIES RICHNESS PER SUMMIT Table Notes: 1 Numbers in the summit columns represent the total number of Summit Area Sections (SAS - 8 total on each summit) that contained each species. 2 - Numbers in the abundance codes columns represent the total number of SASs receiving each code for each species. These numbers are for ALL summits (4 summits x 8 SAS per summit). Codes: Dominant (d), Common (c), Scattered (s), Rare (r), Very Rare (r!). For example: Data under summits shows that Artemesia nova was recorded on every summit, in almost every summit area section (except for 1 summit area section on BEN, Bennett Peak). In 22 summit area sections A. nova was recorded as common, and only in a few other summit area sections was it recorded in lesser abundance classes. Percent Cover of Substrate Types: On average, the DEV summits were 48% scree and 28% vegetated, with lesser quantities of bare ground, litter, and solid rock. Figure DEV.3 shows the break down by summit. Overall, the summits in the DEV target region are much more homogenous in substrate composition than most of the other GLORIA target regions, thus they are closer to the ideal set of GLORIA summits by providing a consistent backdrop over which to measure vegetation change over time at different elevations.
15 Figure Dev.4 Substrate breakdown by summit Substrate Percent Cover by Summit Percent Cover Vascular Plant Solid Rock Scree Litter Bare Ground BEN LOW MID TEL Summit Future Considerations: 1) The dieback of several species, namely Opuntia and Artemisia suggests that some kind of vegetation change may be underway on these summits. Care should be taken to accurately estimate vegetated vs. litter classes in shrubs that are mostly dead. 2) Telescope and Bennett peaks may experience increasing foot traffic in future years, which may account for future vegetation change. 3) Logistical considerations these sites would be particularly hard to access without NPS support up the gated road, thus future support from Death Valley NP is important to continued monitoring of these GLORIA sites. 4) Data loggers need to be replaced or checked in the summer of Contact for more information: Adelia Barber
IMPORTANT PLANT AREA NOMINATION FORM MONTANA. General Location: East end of Centennial Valley approximately 50 miles southeast of Dillon.
IMPORTANT PLANT AREA NOMINATION FORM MONTANA Nominated Site Name: Centennial Sandhills General Location: East end of Centennial Valley approximately 50 miles southeast of Dillon. Site Coordinates: T13S
More informationAURORA WILDLIFE RESEARCH
AURORA WILDLIFE RESEARCH Kim Poole 2305 Annable Rd. Nelson, BC, V1L 6K4 Canada Tel: (250) 825-4063; Fax: (250) 825-4073 e-mail: klpoole@shaw.ca 27 April 2005 Mike Gall Conservation Specialist and Glenn
More informationPhotopoint Monitoring in the Adirondack Alpine Zone
Photopoint Monitoring in the Adirondack Alpine Zone Julia Goren (PI) and Seth Jones Adirondack High Peaks Summit Steward Program Adirondack Mountain Club summit@adk.org PO Box 867, Lake Placid, NY 12946
More informationKicking the Alpine Plants Out Mountain Goat Wallows In Mount Peale Research Natural Area (La Sal Mountains, Utah)
Kicking the Alpine Plants Out Mountain Goat Wallows In Mount Peale Research Natural Area (La Sal Mountains, Utah) Marc Coles-Ritchie, Grand Canyon Trust November 21, 2017 Mountain goats are digging up
More informationIMPORTANT PLANT AREA NOMINATION FORM MONTANA. Nominated Site Name: South Pryor Mountains Important Plant Area (IPA)
IMPORTANT PLANT AREA NOMINATION FORM MONTANA Nominated Site Name: South Pryor Mountains Important Plant Area (IPA) General Location: The South Pryor Mountains IPA is located between the Bighorn River on
More information2.0 Physical Characteristics
_ 2.0 Physical Characteristics 2.1 Existing Land Use for the Project The site is comprised of approximately 114 acres bounded by Highway 101 to the north, the existing town of Los Alamos to the east, State
More informationTrail Assessment Report
Trail Assessment Report Trail Options for the Bear Creek Canyon located in Pikes Peak Ranger District, Pike National Forest and on Colorado Springs Utility Lands Due to the presence of a unique species
More informationSEGMENT ASSESSMENT REPORT
2017 SEGMENT ASSESSMENT REPORT SEGMENT 3: MT ROSE / TAHOE MEADOWS TO SPOONER SUMMIT REPORT SUMMARY This report is a compilation of information collected on the Tahoe Rim Trail during assessments performed
More informationKit Carson-Challenger Ridge Trail Project
Kit Carson-Challenger Ridge Trail Project Project Accomplishments Report-USFS December 15, 2015 Photo courtesy of Justin Peterson 815 South 25 th Street, Suite 101 Colorado Springs, CO 80904 Dedicated
More informationInternational Snow Science Workshop
A PRACTICAL USE OF HISTORIC DATA TO MITIGATE WORKER EXPOSURE TO AVALANCHE HAZARD Jake Elkins Jackson Hole Mountain Resort, Teton Village, Wyoming Bob Comey* Jackson Hole Mountain Resort, Teton Village,
More informationForest: Manti-La Sal Allotment: Brumley Ridge District: Moab-Monticello Pasture: Mill Creek
Forest: Manti-La Sal Allotment: Brumley Ridge District: Moab-Monticello Pasture: Mill Creek Oowah Bench Exclosure constructed June 6, 2012 Transects read August 31, 2012 August 13, 2016 Exclosure NE corner:
More informationRE: Access Fund Comments on Yosemite National Park Wilderness Stewardship Plan, Preliminary Ideas and Concepts
September 30, 2016 Superintendent Yosemite National Park Attn: Wilderness Stewardship Plan P.O. Box 577 Yosemite, CA 95389 RE: Access Fund Comments on Yosemite National Park Wilderness Stewardship Plan,
More informationIntroduction to Topographic Maps
Introduction to Topographic Maps DIRECTIONS: Read all of the following content. READ EVERYTHING!! At the end of the packet, you will find two topographic maps. Your task is to indentify each of the elevations
More informationPeter Axelson. Beneficial Designs, Inc. Minden, NV
Peter Axelson Beneficial Designs, Inc. Minden, NV Arroya Sit Ski Mono Ski Dynamic Seating Spring Assist Cross Country Ski Hand Bike Adaptive Canoe Seating Available from Chosen Valley Canoe Accessories
More informationBelow is an example of a well laid-out template of a route card used by the Sionnach Team which is a good format to begin with.
Route Card A route card is used as a navigational aid to hill walkers by setting out a step by step plan for an intended hike. It is good practice to make out a route card before every hike you or your
More informationTrail Phasing Plan. Note: Trails in the Clear Creek Canyon area (Segments will be finalized in the future to minimize wildlife impacts
Note: Trails in the Clear Creek Canyon area (Segments 2 5 and a future JCOS connection) will be finalized in the future to minimize wildlife impacts Trail Phasing Plan P Parking 3 Easy Trail Intermediate
More informationA flora revisited: survey of vascular species in the upper Rock Creek watershed
A flora revisited: survey of vascular species in the upper Rock Creek watershed Joy D. England M.S. Student, Botany Claremont Graduate University 28 November 2012 Acknowledgments Bristlecone chapter of
More informationUSDA Trails Strategy WRI: ENGLISH PEAK SURVEY. Theodore Mendoza San Diego State University June 6 th 2016 August 18 th Advisor: Sam Commarto
WRI: ENGLISH PEAK SURVEY Theodore Mendoza San Diego State University June 6 th 2016 August 18 th 2016 Advisor: Sam Commarto Klamath National Forest Submitted: March 21, 2017 Table of Contents Acknowledgements
More informationANAGEMENT. LAN November, 1996
M ANAGEMENT P LAN November, 1996 for Paul Lake Provincial Park Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks BC Parks Department Paul Lake Provincial Park M ANAGEMENT P LAN Prepared by BC Parks Kamloops Area
More informationCheshire Ecology Ltd.
Cheshire Ecology Ltd. What is an NVC Survey? 22 March 2014 1 Introduction A National Vegetation Classification (NVC) survey is a detailed botanical survey of a site. They are normally required for large
More informationKit Carson-Challenger Ridge Trail Project Annual Performance Report-2014 October 22, 2014
1 Kit Carson-Challenger Ridge Trail Project Annual Performance Report-2014 October 22, 2014 Willow Lake and Kit Carson Peak 2 SUMMARY The Rocky Mountain Field Institute began Phase 1 of a multi-phase,
More informationAIRCRAFT ACCIDENT REPORT AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Section/division Accident and Incident Investigations Division Form Number: CA 12-12a AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT REPORT AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Aircraft Registration Type of Aircraft Reference: CA18/2/3/9312 ZU-EDB
More informationSouth Colony Basin Recreation Fee Proposal
South Colony Basin Recreation Fee Proposal Purpose and Need for Collecting Fees in South Colony Basin: Forest Service appropriated funds have not been sufficient to maintain current recreational services
More informationA GIS Analysis of Probable High Recreation Use Areas in Three Sisters Wilderness Deschutes and Willamette National Forests
Lindsey Kiesz Geo 565 Term Project 3/15/2010 A GIS Analysis of Probable High Recreation Use Areas in Three Sisters Wilderness Deschutes and Willamette National Forests Introduction The Three Sisters Wilderness
More informationSurvey of Littleton Down
Survey of Littleton Down 05 November 2014 The Team: John and Jenny Barnard 1) Introduction Littleton Down (Hill Number 2911, Section 42, OS 1:50000 Map 197, OS 1:25000 Map 121, Grid Ref. SU941150) is listed
More informationHEATHROW COMMUNITY NOISE FORUM
HEATHROW COMMUNITY NOISE FORUM 3Villages flight path analysis report January 216 1 Contents 1. Executive summary 2. Introduction 3. Evolution of traffic from 25 to 215 4. Easterly departures 5. Westerly
More informationFinal Environmental Impact Statement for the Merced Wild and Scenic River. Comprehensive Management Plan, Yosemite National Park, Madera and Mariposa
This document is scheduled to be published in the Federal Register on 02/26/2014 and available online at http://federalregister.gov/a/2014-04061, and on FDsys.gov DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 4312-FF NATIONAL
More informationThe following criteria were used to identify Benchmark Areas:
7.0 BENCHMARK AREAS The Churn Creek Protected Area offers a significant opportunity to learn more about how grassland ecosystems function. One of the key tools that will be used to monitor larger grassland
More informationFigure 1 Understanding Map Contours
Figure 1 Understanding Map Contours The light brown lines overprinted on topographic maps are called contour lines. They indicate the elevation above sea level of land features and thus permit you to view
More informationMEMORANDUM. Lynn Hayes LSA Associates, Inc.
MEMORANDUM To: Lynn Hayes LSA Associates, Inc. Date: May 5, 217 From: Zawwar Saiyed, P.E., Senior Transportation Engineer Justin Tucker, Transportation Engineer I Linscott, Law & Greenspan, Engineers LLG
More informationRoduner Ranch FOR SALE. 5,878± Acres Potential Development Land. Merced County, California. Offices Serving The Central Valley
FOR SALE 5,878± Acres Potential Development Land Merced County, California Offices Serving The Central Valley F R E S N O V I S A L I A B A K E R S F I E L D 7480 N. Palm Ave, Ste 101 3447 S. Demaree Street
More informationTypical avalanche problems
Typical avalanche problems The European Avalanche Warning Services (EAWS) describes five typical avalanche problems or situations as they occur in avalanche terrain. The Utah Avalanche Center (UAC) has
More informationKeeping Wilderness Wild: Increasing Effectiveness With Limited Resources
Keeping Wilderness Wild: Increasing Effectiveness With Limited Resources Linda Merigliano Bryan Smith Abstract Wilderness managers are forced to make increasingly difficult decisions about where to focus
More informationChapter 2: El Dorado County Characteristics and Demographics
Chapter 2: El Dorado County Characteristics and Demographics 2.1 Geographic Area and Demographics El Dorado County comprises 1,805 square miles with over half of the area in the Eldorado National Forest
More informationCopper Canyon Milk-vetch (Astragalus cutleri)
Copper Canyon Milk-vetch (Astragalus cutleri) Status and Monitoring Report 2009 [ Daniela Roth Navajo Natural Heritage Program Department of Fish & Wildlife P.O. Box 1480 Window Rock, AZ 86515 INTRODUCTION
More informationMackinnon Esker Ecological Reserve Draft - Management Plan
Mackinnon Esker Ecological Reserve Draft - Management Plan May 2011 Photo Credit: This document replaces the direction provided in the Carp Lake Provincial Park and Protected Area and Mackinnon Esker Ecological
More information2.0 PARK VISION AND ROLES
2.0 PARK VISION AND ROLES 2.1 Significance in the Protected Area System Marble Range and Edge Hills provincial parks protect 6.8% of the Pavillion Ranges Ecosection, which is located in the Southern Interior
More informationElectronic Terrain and Obstacle Data
International Civil Aviation Organization Electronic Terrain and Obstacle Data David Lewtas Chief, Aeronautical Information Unit (MET/AIM) 24 November 2010 ICAO CAR AIM Seminar Kingston, Jamaica 22-24
More information2019 Work Week Crew. Schedule and Descriptions
2019 Work Week Crew WAWONA WW1 Mariposa Grove Restoration and Invasive Plant Removal June 2 June 8 YOSEMITE VALLEY YV1 Washington Column Climber s Trail Rehabilitation June 9 June 15 YV2 Weed Warriors/
More informationNon-motorized Trail Plan & Proposal. August 8, 2014
Town of Star Valley Ranch, Wyoming and the Star Valley Ranch Association in partnership with the USDA Forest Service, Bridger-Teton National Forest, Greys River Ranger District Non-motorized Trail Plan
More informationRogue Gorge (Mt. Stella) Roadless Area-- T30S R3E (primarily in portions of Sections 23, 26, 33, 34 & 35)
Rogue Gorge (Mt. Stella) Roadless Area-- T30S R3E (primarily in portions of Sections 23, 26, 33, 34 & 35) Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest--High Cascades Ranger District Upper, higher elevation trail
More informationSeagrassNet Monitoring in Great Bay, New Hampshire, 2016
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository PREP Reports & Publications Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space (EOS) 9-28-2017 SeagrassNet Monitoring in Great
More informationWhat Is An Ecoregion?
Ecoregions of Texas What Is An Ecoregion? Ecoregion a major ecosystem with distinctive geography, characteristic plants and animals, and ecosystems that receives uniform solar radiation and moisture Sometimes
More informationAnderson Mt. Proposed Wilderness Additions to the Rogue-Umpqua Divide Wilderness-- T30S R3E (mostly) Sections 4 & 9, and T29S R3E Section 33
Anderson Mt. Proposed Wilderness Additions to the Rogue-Umpqua Divide Wilderness-- T30S R3E (mostly) Sections 4 & 9, and T29S R3E Section 33 When the 35,701 acre Rogue-Umpqua Divide Wilderness was designated
More informationRequest for Proposal National Tropical Botanical Garden Lower Limahuli Preserve Emergency Stream Debris Removal
Request for Proposal National Tropical Botanical Garden Lower Limahuli Preserve Emergency Stream Debris Removal I. Summary of Work Bids are solicited for the emergency removal of debris deposited in the
More informationMt. Elbert East Ridge
Mt. Elbert East Ridge Difficulty: Class 1 Exposure: None Summit Elev.: 14,440 feet Trailhead Elev.: 10,400 feet Elevation Gain: 4,100 feet Roundtrip Length: 8.5 miles Trailhead: South Elbert (near Twin
More informationCONGESTION MONITORING THE NEW ZEALAND EXPERIENCE. By Mike Curran, Manager Strategic Policy, Transit New Zealand
CONGESTION MONITORING THE NEW ZEALAND EXPERIENCE 26 th Australasian Transport Research Forum Wellington New Zealand 1-3 October 2003 By, Manager Strategic Policy, Transit New Zealand Abstract New Zealand
More informationFederal Outdoor Recreation Trends Effects on Economic Opportunities
United States Department of Agriculture Federal Outdoor Recreation Trends Effects on Economic Opportunities The Forest Service National Center for Natural Resources Economic Research is assisting the Federal
More informationAttachment F1 Technical Justification - Applicability WECC-0107 Power System Stabilizer VAR-501-WECC-3
Power System Stabilizer Applicability in the WECC System Study Progress Report to WECC-0107 Drafting Team Shawn Patterson Bureau of Reclamation April 2014 Introduction Power System Stabilizers (PSS) are
More informationCamp Jack Wright PERMANENT ORIENTEERING COURSE (2004)
Camp Jack Wright PERMANENT ORIENTEERING COURSE (2004) WHAT IS ORIENTEERING? The skill which enables a person to navigate with a map. In the competitive sport, the winner is the person who finishes in the
More informationBarba Azul Nature Reserve
Barba Azul Nature Reserve Asociación Armonía Asociación Armonía is the leading non-profit bird conservation NGO of Bolivia, whose mission is to protect the most threatened Avifauna through reserve creation,
More informationMapping the Snout. Subjects. Skills. Materials
Subjects Mapping the Snout science math physical education Skills measuring cooperative action inferring map reading data interpretation questioning Materials - rulers - Mapping the Snout outline map and
More informationTrail Beginning Elevation: 7553 ft The Poison Creek Trailhead is located at the end of National Forest Road 646E (NF-646E).
West Mountain Trails Poison Creek Trail #134 Length: 2.9 miles (4.7 km) Difficulty Horseback: A good trail for the first time west mountain rider, some steep sections Hiking: Most Difficult USGS Maps:
More informationHOTFIRE WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT MODEL A CASE STUDY
1 HOTFIRE WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT MODEL A CASE STUDY Sub-theme: Economics / business venture, livelihood strategies Format: Poster Bruce Fletcher Hotfire Hunting and Fishing Safaris P O Box 11 Cathcart 5310
More information1.0 OUTLINE OF NOISE ANALYSIS...3
Table of Contents 1.0 OUTLINE OF NOISE ANALYSIS...3 2.0 METHODOLOGY...3 2.1 BACKGROUND...3 2.2 COMPUTER MODELING...3 3.0 EXISTING NOISE ENVIRONMENT...4 3.1 EXISTING SANTA MONICA MUNICIPAL AIRPORT NOISE...4
More informationYARTS ON-BOARD SURVEY MEMORANDUM
YARTS ON-BOARD SURVEY MEMORANDUM Prepared for the Yosemite Area Regional Transportation System Prepared by LSC Transportation Consultants, Inc. This page left intentionally blank. YARTS On-Board Survey
More informationMP : Blue Hill and the Disney Avalanche Path
MP 252-253: Blue Hill and the Disney Avalanche Path This section of the Auto Tour includes a portion of the wagon road, one of Colorado s most famous avalanches and the remains of an old dam. Route Mile
More informationHIKING IN THE CANADIAN ROCKIES
HIKING IN THE CANADIAN ROCKIES Distance Time Elevation y MORAINE LAKE TRAILS THE ROCKPILE 0.8 km (0.5 mi) 20 min 30 m (98 ft) Located adjacent to the Lodge, the short interpretive trail up the Rock Pile
More informationRobson Valley Avalanche Tract Mapping Project
Robson Valley Avalanche Tract Mapping Project Prepared for: Chris Ritchie Ministry of Water Land and Air Protection 325 1011 4th Avenue Prince George, BC. V2L3H9 and Dale Seip Ministry of Forests 1011
More informationWilliamson Rock/Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail (PCT) Project EIS. Notice of intent to prepare an Environmental Impact Statement.
[3411-15-P] DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Forest Service Angeles National Forest; Los Angeles County, CA Williamson Rock/Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail (PCT) Project EIS AGENCY: ACTION: Forest Service,
More informationSurvey of Deadwater Fell and Peel Fell
4 December 2014 Survey of Deadwater Fell and Peel Fell Team: John Barnard, Chris Crocker, Richard Cooper and Graham Jackson 1) Introduction Deadwater Fell (Hill 3542, Section 33, OS 1:50000 Map 80, OS
More informationNational Park Service Wilderness Action Plan
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Wilderness Action Plan National Wilderness Steering Committee National Park Service "The mountains can be reached in all seasons.
More informationMark West Creek Flow Study Report
Mark West Creek Flow Study Report Biology and Geology of Mark West Creek The headwaters of Mark West Creek are located in the Mayacamas Mountain range, which border Napa and Sonoma County, where it then
More informationDOWNLOAD OR READ : TOPOGRAPHIC YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK AND VICINITY PDF EBOOK EPUB MOBI
DOWNLOAD OR READ : TOPOGRAPHIC YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK AND VICINITY PDF EBOOK EPUB MOBI Page 1 Page 2 topographic yosemite national park and vicinity topographic yosemite national park pdf topographic yosemite
More informationIATA ECONOMICS BRIEFING AIRLINE BUSINESS CONFIDENCE INDEX OCTOBER 2010 SURVEY
IATA ECONOMICS BRIEFING AIRLINE BUSINESS CONFIDENCE INDEX OCTOBER SURVEY KEY POINTS Results from IATA s quarterly survey conducted in October show business conditions continued to improve during the third
More informationNOTICE OF INTENT MAPS WITH DESCRIPTIONS
NOTICE OF INTENT MAPS WITH DESCRIPTIONS Location Map(s) to Accompany Notice of Intent The small corner map embedded in the lower left corner of the large map above shows the location of the three national
More informationTheme: Predominately natural/natural appearing; rustic improvements to protect resources. Size*: 2,500 + acres Infrastructure**:
Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS) Classes The Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS) provides a way to describe the variations in the degree of isolation from the sounds and influences of people, and
More informationCanberra Airport Aircraft Noise Information Report
Canberra Airport Aircraft Noise Information Report Quarter 4 2015 (October to December) 1 Version Control Version Number Detail Prepared by Date 1 - Environment March 2016 Airservices Australia. All rights
More informationWicklow Mountains Path Survey
Wicklow Mountains Path Survey Glenmacnass Tonelagee Start to Finish: O 114 030 to O 085 016 Altitude (lowest highest): 370m 817m Weather: Sunny day, hot Access: Military Road, Glenmacnass Surveyed by:
More informationAmerican Conservation Experience
ACE Project Report For Tonto National Forest, Arizona Trail Association and Arizona State Parks Title of Project: 4 Peaks Trail Maintenance Award Contract Number: ASP NM11021 Project Partner: Paul Burghard
More informationRegion 1 Piney Woods
Region 1 Piney Woods Piney Woods 1. This ecoregion is found in East Texas. 2. Climate: average annual rainfall of 36 to 50 inches is fairly uniformly distributed throughout the year, and humidity and temperatures
More informationSan Juan Resource Area Recreation Impact Inventory/Monitoring
San Juan Resource Area Recreation Impact Inventory/Monitoring Indian Creek Climbing Area Overview & Summary of Findings 2007 Pam Foti, Professor Aaron Divine, Lecturer Janet Lynn, Program Coordinator Northern
More informationSummary table of disaster occurrences, by hazards types, scale, and geographic region
ANNEX BASIC RANGE OF DISASTER-RELATED STATISTICS TABLES Statistical tables are organised into worksheets according to basic components in the DSRF. The variables represent queries from a disaster-related
More informationSierra Nevada Wildflowers: A Field Guide To Common Wildflowers And Shrubs Of The Sierra Nevada, Including Yosemite, Sequoia, And Kings Canyon
Sierra Nevada Wildflowers: A Field Guide To Common Wildflowers And Shrubs Of The Sierra Nevada, Including Yosemite, Sequoia, And Kings Canyon National Parks (Wildflower Series) By Karen Wiese These published
More informationDECISION MEMO. Rawhide Trail #7073 Maintenance and Reconstruction
Page 1 of 6 Background DECISION MEMO USDA Forest Service Jefferson Ranger District Jefferson County, Montana Rawhide Trail #7073 is located in the Elkhorn Mountain Range approximately 10 miles east of
More informationCounty of Riverside - PSEC Project General Habitat Assessment Appendix A
County of Riverside - PSEC Project General Habitat Assessment Appendix A Glen Avon Glen Avon The Glen Avon study area is located north of State Route 60 in the Jurupa Mountains, approximately 1 mile south
More informationHEATHROW COMMUNITY NOISE FORUM. Sunninghill flight path analysis report February 2016
HEATHROW COMMUNITY NOISE FORUM Sunninghill flight path analysis report February 2016 1 Contents 1. Executive summary 2. Introduction 3. Evolution of traffic from 2005 to 2015 4. Easterly departures 5.
More informationCairns Airport Aircraft Noise Information Report. Quarter (July to September)
Cairns Airport Aircraft Noise Information Report Quarter 3 2012 (July to September) 1 Version Control Version Number Detail Prepared by Date 1 - Environment 19 December 2012 Airservices Australia. All
More informationAppendix B. Comparative Risk Assessment Form
Appendix B Comparative Risk Assessment Form B-1 SEC TRACKING No: This is the number assigned CRA Title: Title as assigned by the FAA SEC to the CRA by the FAA System Engineering Council (SEC) SYSTEM: This
More informationThe Geological Pacific Northwest. Wednesday February 6, 2012 Pacific Northwest History Mr. Rice
The Geological Pacific Northwest Wednesday February 6, 2012 Pacific Northwest History Mr. Rice 1 Free Response #2 Please do not simply list the items for this response. Full sentences!!! Minimum of 3-5
More informationProof of Concept Study for a National Database of Air Passenger Survey Data
NATIONAL CENTER OF EXCELLENCE FOR AVIATION OPERATIONS RESEARCH University of California at Berkeley Development of a National Database of Air Passenger Survey Data Research Report Proof of Concept Study
More informationEvaluation of Predictability as a Performance Measure
Evaluation of Predictability as a Performance Measure Presented by: Mark Hansen, UC Berkeley Global Challenges Workshop February 12, 2015 With Assistance From: John Gulding, FAA Lu Hao, Lei Kang, Yi Liu,
More informationFINAL TESTIMONY 1 COMMITTEE ON RESOURCES UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. July 13, 2005 CONCERNING. Motorized Recreational Use of Federal Lands
FINAL TESTIMONY 1 STATEMENT OF DALE BOSWORTH CHIEF Of the FOREST SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Before the SUBCOMMITTEE ON FORESTS AND FOREST HEALTH And the SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL PARKS,
More informationDRONE SIGHTINGS ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
DRONE SIGHTINGS ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SAFETY TEAM DRONE SIGHTINGS WORKING GROUP DECEMBER 12, 2017 1 UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SAFETY TEAM DRONE SIGHTINGS WORKING GROUP EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
More informationThe performance of Scotland s high growth companies
The performance of Scotland s high growth companies Viktoria Bachtler Fraser of Allander Institute Abstract The process of establishing and growing a strong business base is an important hallmark of any
More informationPreferred Recreation Recommendations Stemilt-Squilchuck Recreation Plan March 2018
Preferred Recreation Recommendations Stemilt-Squilchuck Recreation Plan March 2018 Below are the recommended recreation ideas and strategies that package together the various recreation concepts compiled
More informationAmerican Avalanche Association Forest Service National Avalanche Center Avalanche Incident Report: Long Form
American Avalanche Association Forest Service National Avalanche Center Avalanche Incident Report: Long Form Please send to: CAIC; 325 Broadway WS1; Boulder CO 80305; caic@qwest.net; Fax (303) 499-9618
More informationNortheast Stoney Trail In Calgary, Alberta
aci Acoustical Consultants Inc. 5031 210 Street Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6M 0A8 Phone: (780) 414-6373, Fax: (780) 414-6376 www.aciacoustical.com Environmental Noise Computer Modelling For Northeast Stoney
More informationConnie Rudd Superintendent, Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park and Curecanti National Recreation Area Information Brochure #1 Wilderness and Backcountry Management Plan
More informationSTONE MOUNTAIN PROVINCIAL PARK Purpose Statement and Zoning Plan
1 STONE MOUNTAIN PROVINCIAL PARK Purpose Statement and Zoning Plan Stone Mountain Provincial Park is situated 140 km west of Fort Nelson at Kilometre 595 of the Alaska Highway. The 25 690 ha park is located
More informationPolynomial Roller Coaster
Math Objectives Students will determine and analyze a polynomial model for a section of roller coaster track. Students will utilize translations to adjust their model to fit various criteria. Students
More informationProject Planning, Compliance, and Funding
Project Planning, Compliance, and Funding The plans above offer high level guidance to ensure that the A.T. is managed effectively as a whole unit in a decentralized management structure. Cooperative management
More informationProject Report Volunteer Trip Torres del Paine National Park, Patagonia, Chile December 3-15, Executive Summary
Conservation Volunteers International Program 120 Village Square #9, Orinda, California 94563 USA www.conservationvip.org info@conservationvip.org Tel: (925) 228-5946 A Non-Profit 501c3 Tax Exempt Organization
More informationA Long Weekend in Yosemite. 4 Days
A Long Weekend in Yosemite 4 Days A Long Weekend in Yosemite On this relaxed yet action-paced 4-day hiking adventure, discover the wildly scenic, glacially sculpted Yosemite Valley, deep in the heart of
More informationAPPENDIX G. The WAP Conservation Landscape and Focal Areas
APPENDIX G The WAP Conservation Landscape and Focal Areas Focal areas were identified as discrete landscape units using the natural basin and range geography of the Nevada landscape. These units were prioritized
More informationDoolarie Singh-Knights (Ph.D.) Extension Specialist, West Virginia University Morgantown, WV
DRAFT Assessing the Agritourism and Farm-Based Education Potential of your Region and your Farm Property Doolarie Singh-Knights (Ph.D.) Extension Specialist, West Virginia University Morgantown, WV Adapted
More informationAletes humilis Larimer Aletes
The Colorado Rare Plant Technical Committee presents: 4th Annual Rare Plant Symposium Sponsored by: Colorado Native Plant Society University of Colorado Herbarium US Fish and Wildlife Service Colorado
More informationEXPLORING BIOMES IN GORONGOSA NATIONAL PARK
EXPLORING BIOMES IN GORONGOSA NATIONAL PARK ABOUT THIS WORKSHEET This worksheet complements the Click and Learn Gorongosa National Park Interactive Map (http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/gorongosa-national-park-interactive-map),
More informationLidar Imagery Reveals Maine's Land Surface in Unprecedented Detail
Maine Geologic Facts and Localities December, 2011 Lidar Imagery Reveals Maine's Land Surface in Unprecedented Detail Text by Woodrow Thompson, Department of Agriculture, Conservation & Forestry 1 Introduction
More informationCENTRAL OREGON REGIONAL TRANSIT MASTER PLAN
Central Oregon Regional Transit Master Plan Volume II: Surveys and Market Research CENTRAL OREGON REGIONAL TRANSIT MASTER PLAN Volume IV: Service Plan Appendices A-B July 213 Nelson\Nygaard Consulting
More information