gz;ghl;il nkhopngau;j;jyk; rpf;fy;fsk;: jkpopy; nkhopngau;f;fg;gl;ls;s rpq;fs ehty;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lnthu Ma;T Ma;Tr; RUf;fk;

Transcription

1 gz;ghl;il nkhopngau;j;jyk; rpf;fy;fsk;: jkpopy; nkhopngau;f;fg;gl;ls;s rpq;fs ehty;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lnthu Ma;T Dr. AFM. Ashraff, Miss. CHF. Shifana, Ma;Tr; RUf;fk; gz;ghl vd;gj tho;f;if Kiw (way of life). xu rkjhaj;jpy; thofpd;w nguk;ghd;ik kf;fspd; xukpj;j elj;ijfisak; vz;zq;fisak; mj ntspg;glj;jk;. gz;ghl;il ntspg;glj;jk; tuyhw;w %yq;fspy;,yf;fpakk; xd;w. mjpyk; ehty;,yf;fpak; rpwg;g tha;e;jj. vdnt> ehty;fis nkhopngau;g;gjhy; xu rkjhaj;jpd; gz;ghl;il gpw rkjhaj;jpduk; mwpe;j nfhs;syhk;. Mdhy; ehty;fspy; gz;ghl;l nkhopngau;g;ngd;gj $WtJNghy;,yFthdjy;y. mt;tbg;gilapy; jkpopy; nkhopngau;f;fg;gl;ls;s Fwpg;gpl;l rpy rpq;fs ehty;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l gz;ghl;l nkhopngau;g;gpys;s rpf;fy;fisak; mjw;fhd fhuzq;fisak; Muha;tjha;,t;tha;T mike;js;sj. ehty;fspy; gz;ghl;l nkhopngau;g;gpd; mtrpaj;ij czu;j;jy;> rpq;fs - jkpo; nkhopngau;g;g ehty;fspy; gz;ghl;il nkhopngau;f;fk;nghj nkhopngau;g;ghsu; vjpu;nehf;fpas;s rpf;fy;fisak;> mjw;fhd fhuzq;fisak; fz;lwpjy; Mfpa Nehf;fq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l,t;tha;t Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ. Fwpg;gpl;l Mrpupau;fspd; ehty;fs;> Gj;jfq;fs; Kjypad Kjyhk;epiyj; jutfshftk;,t;tha;ntl njhlu;ghd rpy Ma;Tf;fl;Liufs;> fl;liu Kjypad,uz;lhk; epiyj; jutfshftk; gad;glj;jg;glts;sd.,t;tha;tpy; r%ftpay;> nkhopapay;> tpsf;fkiw> xg;gpl;l Ma;TKiwfs; gad;glj;jg;glk;.,f;fhyj;jpy; rpwfij> ftpij> ehlfk; vd;gtw;iwtpl ehty;fs;;jhd; rkjhaj;jpw;fk; jdpkdpjdf;fkpilnaas;s neuq;fpa mbg;gilahd cwtfis Muha;e;J> ghj;jpuq;fspd; tu;f;fntu;fisf; fz;lwpe;j capu;j;jbg;gs;s tsu;r;rp epiwe;j kdpjidak; mtdf;fhd gz;ghl;ilak; fhl;lfpd;wd. vdnt>,e;ehty;fis nkhopngau;g;gjd; %yk; cyfg; gz;ghlfs; xt;nthd;iwak; mwpe;j tpsq;fpf; nfhs;syhk;. mjd}lhf cyfshtpa xu nghjg; gz;ghl;il cz;lhf;fyhk;. mjw;fhd rhj;jpag;ghlfis jpl;ltl;lkhf Muha;tJ,d;iwa fhyj;jpd; fl;lhaj; NjitahfTs;sJ. Key Words: gz;ghl> nkhopngau;g;g 1 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

2 gqpg<g!l^<zql<gtqe<!hivl<hvqb!uip<uqbjz!oktquxk<kl<! fm<mjl fm<mjl!fiuz<!;! fiuz<!;! s&guqbzch<hjmbqzie!uqlv<se!ofig<g! Mrs. MLS. Rahila Ziyad, Mr. AL. Mohamed Asmath, Ma;Tr; RUf;fk;!! el;lik vd;gj nghj tof;fpy;,y;yhj xu tptrhaf; fiyr;nrhy;. fpof;fpyq;ifapy; mk;ghiu khtl;l tptrhapfs; kj;jpapy;,r;nrhy; tof;fpy; cs;sj. xu taypy; cs;s tug;gfspdpilna fl;b itf;fg;gl;l epu; > mt;tug;gfspy; Vw;gLk; Jisfshy; taw;fhud; mwpahky; mlj;j tayf;fs; epu; frpe;j nry;tij,j Fwpf;Fk;. el;lik NghapUf;F vd;why; tay; epu; fsthf mlj;j tayf;fs;,wq;;fpas;sj vd;w nghus;.,e;ehtypy; Mz;>ngz;,ilapyhd fs;s cwitf; Fwpg;gjw;Fk;,r;nrhy; cutfkhf gad; glj;jg;gl;ls;sj.,e;ehtyhdj 1930 fsf;f Kw;gl;l fpof;fpyq;if K];ypk; fpuhkk; xd;iw fskhff; nfhz;lj.,e;ehtypdhlhf mf;fpuhk kf;fspdila njhopy;> tho;f;ifkiw> gof;f tof;fq;fs; > gz;ghl> fyhrhuk; Kjypatw;iw mwpa Kbfpd;wJ. fpof;fpyq;iff; fpuhkq;fs; nguk;ghyk; tptrhaf; fpuhkq;fs; jhd;. etpdkakhjyf;f Kw;gl;l r%fj;jpy; epy clikahsu;fsf;f kpfe;j kjpg;gk; mjpfhukk; fhzg;gl;lj.,tu;fsila thu;j;ijf;f fpuhk kf;fs; fl;lg; glf;$batu;fshftk; fhzg;gl;ldu;. fpuhkj;jpy; ve;j xu tpn\rnkd;whyk;,tu;fns Kd; epd;w elj;jf;$batu;fshftk; fhzg;gl;ldh;. Nghbahu ; vd mtu;fs; kupahijahf miof;fg;gl;ldu;.,th;fs; vg;nghojk; clyiog;gld; Neubahfr; rk;ke;jg; glhjth;fs;. Nghbahupd; epyj;jpy; gapu;r; nra;iff;fg; nghwg;ghdtu; taw;fhuh ; vd miof;fg;gl;lhu;.,tu; Nghbahupd; %yjdj;jld; jkj clyiog;igr; nryj;jp gapu;r; nra;ifapy; <LgLgtu;. Xt;nthU NghbahUk; Fiwe;jJ xu taw;fhuidf; nfhz;bug;gu;.,tu;fsf;fk; NghbkhUf;Fk;,ilNa cs;s cwt epy clik cwthfnt,uf;fk;. tptrhaj;jld; njhlu;ggl;l gpupnjhu gpuptpdh; $yp tptrhapfs;.,tu;fs; cojy; >tpijj;jy;> mwtil nra;jy; > R+lbj;jy; Kjypa Ntiyfisr; nra;j >$ypia ney;yhfnth > gzkhfnth ngw;wf; nfhs;tu;. Nghbkhupd; tay;fis Nkw;ghu;it nra;tjw;f Ky;iyf;fhuh; vdg;glgtu; epakpf;fg;gl;ldu;. ngupa Nghbkhu; Fiwe;jJ xu Ky;iyf; fhuidf; nfhz;bug;gu;. gyuila taw;gpunjrq;fis cs;slf;fpa xu taw; gpunjrk; fz;lk;> ntsptl;il vd miof;fg;glk;.,j;jifa taw; gpunjrj;jpd; epu;g; gha;r;ry;> ghjfhg;g eputhfj;jf;f nghwg;ghf epakpf;fg;gl;ltiu tl;il tpjhid vd mioj;jdu;.,tu; Ngr;R tof;fpy; tl;lhid vd miof;fg;gl;lhu;. murhq;fj;jhy; epakpf;fg; gl;l fpuhk mjpfhupna 2 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

3 tpjhid vdg;gl;lhu;. gpupj;jhdpa Ml;rpahsu; rpy tpjhidkhuf;f nghyp]; mjpfhukk; toq;fpapue;jdu;.,j Ngr;R tof;fpy; nghyprhid vd;w kwtpw;w.,e;ehtyp;y;> mfkj nyt;it (ngupa Nghbahu;)> Kfk;kJ mdpgh (rpd;dg;nghbahu;)> kk;kyp(rpd;dg; Nghbahupd; vlgpb)> ak;dh (kk;kypapd; kidtp)> kpuh tl;lhid (ngupa ntspf;fk; kotd; fz;lj;jf;fk; cupa tl;il tpjhid)> nra;dk;g(kpuh tl;lhidapd; kfs;)> ckwnyt;it (kpuhtl;lhidapd;,we;j Nghd xnu jq;ifapd; kfd;) MfpNahu; kpf Kf;fpa ghj;jpuq;fshf thu;f;fg;gl;ls;sdu;. rpd;dg; Nghbahu; Kfk;kJ mdpgh> jdj vlgpbahd kk;kypapd;,sk; kidtpapd; tpug;gf;f khwhfnt cwt itj;jpuf;fpd;whd;.,jidna Mrpupau; el;lik NghapUg;gjhf Fwpg;gpLfpd;whu; NkYk; nra;dk;gtpd; kpjk; xu jiyahff; fhjy; nfhs;fpd;whd;.mdhy; nra;dk;gnth jdj Kiw kr;rhdhd ckw nyt;itapd; kpj fhjy; nfhs;fpd;whs;. ckw nyt;itak; mts; kpj fhjy; nfhs;fpd;whd;.,e;jf; fhuzj;jhyk; tptrhag; gpur;rpidfshyk; (mjhtj Kfk;kjdpghtpd; 92 Vf;fu;fSk; ngupantsp vdk; tl;ilapy; mike;js;sj. kotd; fz;lk; vdk; tl;ilapy; 5>10; Vf;fu;fisNa cilikahff; nfhz;l rpw Nghbkhu;fNs fhzg;glfpd;wdu;. kio,y;yhj fhuzj;jpdhy; Fsj;J epiuna ek;gp gapu;r; nra;ifia Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;bapUe;jJ. Kjypy; ngupa ntspf;nf epiu jpwe;j tpl;ldu;.,jdhy; Vida tl;ilapys;s gapu;fs; thbg; Ngha; mope;jd. kotd; fz;lj;jf;fj;jhd; Kjypy; epiu jpwe;j tpl Ntz;Lk; vd;w ckw nyt;itapd; jiyikapy; rpyu; gpur;rpidia Vw;gLj;jpdu;.,e;jf; fhuzj;jhyk; ckwnyt;itf;fk; rpd;dg; NghbahUf;Fk;,ilNa tpnuhjkk; gopthq;fy;fsk; Vw;gLfpd;wd).! rpd;dg;nghbahu; Kfk;kJ mdpghtpd; fhjy;> fhkk;> rz;bj;jdk; mjd; tpisthd rz;il > nfhiy Mfptw;iwr; Rw;wpNa ehtypd; gpujhd fijg; gpd;dy; efu;fpwj. nra;dk;gtpd; cld; gpwthr; rnfhjupahftk; jha; top cwtpdshff; fhzg;glk; ak;dh rpd;dg;nghbahu; nra;dk;gtpd; kpj nfhz;ls;s fhjiy xjf;fgtshftk; ckwnyt;itapd; fhjiy tuntw;ff;$batshftk; fhzg;gl;lhs;.mjw;f Neu; vjpuhfnt kk;kyp fhzg;gl;lhd;. rpd;dg; Nghbahupd; mj;jkpwy;fs; gw;wp ak;dh kk;kypaplk; $w > kk;kyp rpd;dg; Nghbahiu nfhiy nra;j tpl;l jhdk; eq;rz;l,we;j tplfpwhd;.ckwnyt;itf;fk; nra;dk;gtf;fk; jpukzk; eilngwfpwj.ak;dh Foe;ijiag; ngw;nwlj;j nra;dk;gtpd; iffspy; xg;gilf;fpwhs;.ngupa Nghbahuplk; ele;jtw;iw $wp tpl;l jw;nfhiy nra;j nfhs;fpwhs;.mf;foe;ijia >ngupa Nghbahu; `[; ahj;jpiuia Kbj;J tpl;l te;j jdj Nguf;Foe;ijahf Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpwhu;.,J jhd;,e;ehtypd; fijahfk;. gpd;tuk; Nehf;fq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l,t;tha;t Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wJ.,e;ehtiy r%ftpaybg;gilapyhd tpku;rd Nehf;fpy; ghu;j;jy;>,e;ehtypy; gad;glj;jg; gl;ls;s Ngr;R tof;fr; nrhw;fs;> cj;jpfs;> mzpfs;> kf;fspdila gof;f tof;fq;fs; Kjyhdtw;iwf; fz;lwpjy;>,e;ehty; 1930 fsf;f Kw;gl;l fpof;f K];ypk;fspd;; tho;tpaiy njsptwj;jtjhy;> mf;fhy kf;fspd; tho;f;if Kiw> fyhr;ruk;> gz;ghl Kjyhdtw;wpid mwpe;j nfhs;sy;.! -u<uib<uqz<! Lkzil<!-v{<mil<! fqjzk<! kvugt<! hbe<hmk<kh<hmut<te!/! fm<mjl! fiuzl<! fiuzisqvqbvqe<! hjmh<hgt<! lx<xl<! uqlv<ser<gt<! Lkzil<! fqjzk<! 3 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

4 kvugtigul<! -u<uib<ume<! okimv<hie! Fiz<gt<! lx<xl<! Ofv<gi{z<! Lkzqbju! -v{<mil<!fqjzk<kvugtigul<!hbe<!hmk<kh<hmut<te!!! -u<uib<uqz<!s&guqbz<!?olipqbqbz<!?nb<u!ljxgt<!hbe<hmk<kh<hml<!/! fm<mjl! fiuziek! 2:41! gtg<g! Lx<hm<m! gqpg<g! L^<zql<gtqe<! uip<uqbjzk<! oktquxk<kgqxk/! -f<fiuzqeimig! flk! Le<Oeiv<gtqe<! uip<jg! LjxbqjeBl<! nuv<gtqe<! hqvkie! okipqzie! uqusibk<jkh<! hx<xqbl<?! uqusibqgtqe<! Hpg<gk<kqz<! gi{h<hm<m! Ohs<S! upg<gs<! osix<gjtbl<! nxqf<k! ogit<tzil</! ng<giz! lg<gtqe<! uqvl<?! gikz<?! gill<! Lkzie! nl<sr<gtqeimig! fiuzqe<! gjkbiek! uqxuxh<hig! fgv<k<kqs<! osz<zh<hmgqxk/! gjkbqe<! LcuqEimig! Ofv<jl! kie<! fqjzg<gl<?! leqk! ke<jljb!-pf<k!lqvgk<kielig!uip<huv<gt<!npqf<k!uqmuiv<gt<!we<el<!d{<jl! oktquigl</!!!!!! Key words: lg<gtqe<!uip<uqbz<?!fiuz</! 4 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

5 ;; <oj;jg; ngz; Nghuhspfspd; ftpijfs; : 1980fspd; gpd; ntspahd ftpijfspd}lhd XU tpku;rdg; ghu;it Mrs. MASF. Saadhiya Fowzer, Ms. Chandrika Bernard Joseph, Ma;Tr; RUf;fk; jkpo;j;njrpa thjj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;l MAjNke;jpa Nghuhl;lj;jpd; gpd;dzpapy; voe;j,yf;fpaq;fns <oj;jg; Nghu;,yf;fpaq;fshFk;.,yq;if> rpq;fs> jkpo;> K];yPk;> fpwp];jtu;fs; tho;fpd;w xu [dehaf ehlhfk;. mt;thwhdnjhu ehl;by;> nguk;ghd;ik,dj;jpw;f toq;fg;gltj Nghd;w cupikfs; rpwghd;ik,dq;fspw;fk; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gj Kf;fpakhdnjhU mk;rkhfk;. rpwghd;ikapdupd; cupikfs; njhlu;r;rpahf kwf;fg;glk; NghJ> mtw;wf;nfjpuhd Nghuhl;lq;fs;,lk;ngWtJ jtpu;f;fkbahj xd;whfk;. jkpopo tpljiyg;nghuhl;lj;jpd; Muk;gKk;,t;thNw cuthdj.,t;thw Jspu;tpl;l tpljiyg; Nghuhl;lkhdJ gpw;fhyj;jpy; ngutpul;rkhfpaj. tpljiyg; Nghuhl;lj;jpd; gpd;dzpapy; ehty;> rpwfij> ftpij> ehlfk; Kjypa,yf;fpaq;fs; Njhw;wk; ngw;ws;sd.,tw;ws; ftpij Kf;fpa,lj;jpidg; ngwfpd;wj. rpy jrhg;jq;fshf Nghiu ikag;glj;jpa ftpijfs; fzprkhd mstpy; ntspte;js;sd.,jpny Mz;fSk; ngz;fsk;,ad;w mst gq;fspg;g ey;fpas;sdu;.,dkuz;ghlfs;>,dxlf;fkiw> jkpo;j; Njrpathjk; Kjypad njhlu;ghf 1960 fspnyna ftpijfs; ntsptuj; njhlq;fpapue;jhyk;; Nghu;f;ftpijfs; vd;fpd;w fuj;jhf;fkhdj 1980fspNyNa Kidg;Gg; ngwj;njhlq;fpw;w. 1990fspNy,jd; tsu;r;rpapid fhz KbAk;.,jpNy ngz;fsj gq;fspg;gk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f mstpy; fhzg;glfpd;wj. Nghu;f;fsj;jpNy epd;w Nghu; nra;ak; Nghuhspfshy; vojg;gl;lit> Nghu;g;gpuNjrj;jpNy tho;gtu;fshy; vojg;gl;lit> Nghu;g;gpuNjrk; jtpu;e;j Vida gpunjrq;fspy; tho;gtu;fshy; vojg;gl;lit vd Nghu;f;ftpijfis %d;w gpupthf Nehf;f KbAk;. xu rk;gtj;ij mdgtpj;j vojfpd;w NghJ mq;f ntspg;glj;jg;glfpd;w czu;t epiyf;fk; xu rk;gtj;ij ghu;itapd; %yk; mdgtpj;j vojfpd;w NghJ mq;f ntspg;glj;jg;glfpd;w czu;t epiyf;fk xu rk;gtj;ij Nfs;tpapd; %yk; ngw;w vojfpd;w NghJ mq;f ntspg;glj;jg;glfpd;w czu;t epiyf;fk;,ilna ghupa NtWghLfs; fhzg;glfpd;wd. Nghu;f;fsj;jpNy epd;w Nghu; nra;fpd;w xu NghuhspapdJ capu>; nka; typfsk; cwtfs; gw;wpa neuly;fsk; xu Gwk;,Uf;f> mjidj;jhz;ba jkpopoj;jhaf ek;gpf;iffisak; vjpu;ghu;g;gf;fisak;,tu;fsj ftpijfspd}lhff; fhzkbak;. me;j tifapy; Nghuhspf;ftpiQfspd; gq;fspg;ghdj kpf cd;djkhdjhfk;;. mj;jifa Nghuhspf;ftpiQfshy; gilf;fg;gl;l ftpijfns,q;f Muhag;gl;Ls;sd. 5 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

6 <oj;jg; ngz;nghuhspf; ftpiqfis,dq;fz;l> mtu;fsj ftpijfspd; %yk; tho;f;ifj; juprdj;ijak; mtu;fsj Nghu; mdgtq;fisak; milahsg;glj;jy;;> <oj;jg; Nghu;f;ftpijfspDila Kf;fpaj;Jtj;jpidAk;> <oj;jf; ftpij tsu;r;rpapny Nghu;f;ftpijfspd; gq;fpidak; kjpg;gply; Mfpa Nehf;fq;fspid mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l,t;tha;t Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ. Neu;fhzy;> tpdhf;nfhj;j kw;wk; fsma;tpy; ngw;wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l jutfs;> Nghu;f;ftpijfs; vd;gd,t;tha;tpy; Kjyhk; epiyj; jutfshftk;,t;tha;nthl njhlu;ghf ntspte;j E}y;fs;> Ma;Tf;fl;Liufs; kw;wk; rq;rpiffs; gj;jpupiffs;,izaj;jsk; Kjypatw;wpy; ntspte;j fl;liufs; vd;gd,uz;lhk; epiyj; jutfshftk;,t;tha;tpy; gad;glj;jg;gl;ls;sd.,t;tha;tpy;> r%ftpay;> xg;gpl;l> tpsf;fkiw mzfkiwfs; gad;glj;jg;gl;ls;sd. Nghuhspf; ftpiqfs; jkj nrhe;j tho;f;if gw;wpa mdgtq;fisak; Nghu; mjndhl njhlu;ghd,d;ndhud;d mk;rq;fisak; ajhu;j;jg+u;tkhf jkj ftpijfspy; rpj;jpupj;jpug;gij mtu;fsj ftpijfspy; fhzkbak;. Key Words: <oj;jg; ngz; Nghuhspfs;> ftpij 6 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

7 ehl;lhu; gonkhopfsk; r%fg; gz;ghl;lf; $WfSk; : jkpo; - rpq;fs ehl;lhu; gonkhopfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lnjhu; Ma;T Mrs. Rahila Ziyad, Ms. MIF. Safna, Ma;Tr; RUf;fk; fpuhk kf;fspd; kug tho;tpypue;j gpwf;fk; tha;nkhop,yf;fpaq;fisna ehl;lhu;,yf;fpak; vd;fpd;nwhk;.,t;tpyf;fpak;> r%fj;jpd; mwptpaiyak; tho;tpaiyak; glk; gpbj;jf; fhl;lk; mstnfhyhfk;. ehl;lhu;,yf;fpaq;fis gy;ntw tifahf gpupj;j Nehf;fyhk;. mtw;wpy; kpff; FWfpa tbitf; nfhz;l ehl;lhu;,yf;fpa tbtkhfg; gonkhop fhzg;glfpd;wj. gonkhopfs; Mokhd fuj;jf;fisr; RUf;fkhff; $Wfpd;wd. fpuhk kf;fs; jkj md;whl Ngr;rpy; epiwag; gonkhopfisf; fye;j NgRfpd;wdu;.,yq;ifapy; jkpo; - rpq;fs nkhop NgRk; kf;fs; tho;tpyk; ehl;lhu; gonkhopfs; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngw;ws;sd. rpq;fs nkhopapy; fhzg;glk; gonkhopfspy; mtu;fspd; r%fg; gz;ghl;lf; $Wfis,dq;fhz KbAk;. mnjnghy; jkpo; nkhop Ngrf; $ba kf;fs; kj;jpapyk; mjpfkhd gonkhopfs; fhzg;glfpd;wd. K];ypk;fs; kj;jpapy; toq;fg;glk; gonkhopfspd;> nkhopeil> nrhw;gad;ghl vd;gd jkpo; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; gad;glj;jg;glk; gonkhopfspd; nkhopeil> nrhw;gad;ghl vd;gdtw;wpypue;j NtWgLtij mtjhdpf;f KbAk;.,U NtWgl;l r%fq;fspypue;j gpwf;fk; gonkhopfspy; mr;r%fk; rhu;e;j nrhw;gpunahfq;fs; my;yj mr;r%fk; gpd;gw;wk; kjk; rhu;e;j nrhw;gpunahfq;fs; mjpfk; ifahsg;gl;bug;gijf; fhzyhk;. nkhopf;f nkhop gonkhopfs; NtWgl;lhYk; xnu nghuis czu;j;jf; $ba tifapy; jkpo; - rpq;fsg; gonkhopfs; mjpfk; fhzg;glfpd;wd. NkYk; fpuhk kf;fspd; tho;tpanyhl fye;js;s,g;gonkhopfs;> mtu;fspd; Ngr;R nkhopapnyna,ug;gj Fwpg;gplj;jf;f mk;rkhfk;.,g;gonkhopfs; rq;f fhyk; KjNy jkpo;,yf;fpaj;jpy;,lk;gpbj;js;sd. mjdhy;jhd; njhy;fhg;gpakk;,g;gonkhopfs; gw;wpg; NgRfpd;wJ. rpyu; gonkhopfisj; jpul;lk; Kaw;rpapy; <Lgl;lhYk; mit gw;wpa Ma;Tfs; jkpopy; kpff; FiwthfNt cs;sd. mnjntis> jkpo; - rpq;fsg; gonkhopfspy; r%fg; gz;ghl;lf; $Wfs; njhlu;ghf,jtiu vt;tpj Ma;TfSk;,lk;ngwtpy;iy. jkpo; - rpq;fs ehl;lhu; gonkhopfspy; r%fg; gz;ghl;lf; $Wfs; ve;jstpw;f rpj;jupf;fg;gl;ls;sd vd;gij Muha;tNj,t;tha;tpd; gpujhd Nehf;fkhFk;. NkYk;> ehl;lhu;,yf;fpaj;jpy; gonkhopfs; nguk; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;jpid vlj;jf;fhl;ly;> rpq;fs ehl;lhu; gonkhopfis mwpkfk; nra;jy;> ehl;lhu; gonkhopfspy; nkhopg; gad;ghl vt;thw fhzg;glfpd;wj vd;gjid Muha;jy; Kjypa cg Nehf;fq;fisAk; nfhz;l,t;tha;t Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ. fs Ma;tpd; %yk; jpul;lg;gl;l jkpo; - rpq;fs ehl;lhu; gonkhopfisak; E}y;fshf ntspte;js;s gonkhopj; njhfg;gf;fisak; mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l 7 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

8 ,t;tha;t Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ.,t;tha;tpy; tpsf;fkiw> r%ftpay;> xg;gpl;l> nkhopapay; mzfkiwfs; gad;glj;jg;gl;ls;sd. NkYk;>,t;tha;tpy; Kjyhk; epiyj; jutfshf fs Ma;tpd; NghJ jpul;lg;gl;l jfty;fsk;> gonkhopfsk;> E}y;fspy; vojg;gl;ls;s gonkhopfsk;,uz;lhk; epiyj; jutfshf gonkhopfs; njhlu;ghf vojg;gl;ls;s E}y;fSk; Ma;Tf;fl;LiufSk; gad;glj;jg;gl;ls;sd. jkpo; - rpq;fs nkhop NgRk; kf;fspilna toq;fg;glk; gonkhopfspy; mk;kf;fspd; r%f> gz;ghl;l mk;rq;fisak; jdpj;jtkhd Ngr;R nkhopapidak;,dq;fhz KbAk;. Key Words: ehl;lhu; gonkhopfs;> r%f - gz;ghl;lf; $Wfs; 8 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

9 jpunfhzkiyg; gpunjrj;jpy; ntspahfpd;w epq;fsk; vojyhk; rq;rpif Xu; tpku;rd Nehf;F Dr. AFM. Ashraff, Ms. SMB. Noorul Hasna, Ma;Tr; RUf;fk; mr;r,ae;jpu tuifapd; gpd;du;> <oj;jpd; gy ghfq;fspyk; rq;rpiffs; ntspahtijg; Nghd;W jpnfhzkiyapyk; gy rq;rpiffs; Njhw;wk; ngw;wd> Njhw;wk; ngw;wf;nfhz;buf;fpd;wd. vdpdk; ftpijf;nfd;w jdpahdnjhu rq;rpif Njhw;wk; ngwtj FiwthfNt cs;sj. vdnt jpunfhzkiyg; gpunjrj;jpy; ntspahd rq;rpif Kaw;r;rpfis,dq;fz;L> mr;rq;rpiffss; epq;fsk; vojyhk; vdk; ftpijr; rq;rpifapid (cs;slf;fk;> ftpijfspd; Gidjpwd; cj;jpfs;> rq;rpiff;f ftptsk; Nru;j;Njhu; Nghd;wtw;iw) Muha;tjd; %yk; vjpu; fhyj;jpy; jpunfhzkiyapy; ftpijr; rq;rpif ntsptutjw;fhd rhj;jpakhd epiyik ve;jst fhzg;glfpwj vd;gij Muha;tNj,t;tha;tpd;; Nehf;fkhff; fhzg;glfpd;wj.,j gz;grhu; (Quantitative) Ma;T vd;gjdhy;,t;tha;tf;fhd jfty;fs; Kjyhk;epiy,,uz;lhk;epiy %yq;fspypue;j ngw;wf;nfhs;sg;gl;ld. Kjyhk;epiy jutf;fhf Neh;fhzy; (Interview), tpdhf;nfhj;j (Questionnaire), Nghd;wit %yk; jutfs; Nrfupf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.,uz;lhk;epiy jutf;fhf Gj;jfq;fs;>,izak;> Njrpa jkpo; rhfpj;jpa tpoh rpwg;g kyu;> Nghd;wit %ykk; jutfs; Nrupf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.,Wjpahf,t;tha;thdJ jpunfhzkiyg; gpunjrj;jpys;s,yf;fpathjpfsf;fk; ftpqu;fsf;fk; rq;rpif gw;wpa mwptpid toq;ftjd; %yk; epq;fsk; vojyhk; Nghd;w ftpijr; rq;rpifapid cuthf;fyhk; vd;gj Kbthff; fhzg;glfpd;wj. gpujhd nrw;fs;(key Words) : rq;rpif> ftpij 9 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

10 ehl;lhu;; ghly;fspy; njhopyhsu; gpur;rpidfs;;: ntypkilg; gpunjr jkpo;- rpq;fs njhopw;ghly;;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lnjhu; Ma;T Mrs. MASF. Saadhiya Fowzer, Miss. S. Shanmugapriya, Ma;Tr; RUf;fk; gbg;gwptpy;yhj ghku kf;fshy; njhd;wnjhl;l toq;fp tuk; tha;nkhop,yf;fpak; ehl;lg;gw,yf;fpak; my;yj ehl;lhu;,yf;fpak; vd;w toq;fg;glfpwj. Muk;gj;jpy;>,J toptopahfg; ghlg;gl;l te;jj. rkpgfhyq;fspy;jhd;,tw;iwg; gjpt nra;aj; njhlq;fpas;sdu;.,j ehl;lg;gw kf;fspd; ehfupfk;> gz;ghl> ek;gpf;iffisg; gpujpgypf;fk; fz;zhbahfj; jpfo;fpd;wj. fpuhkpaf; ftpfs;: jhyhl;l> xg;ghup> rpwtu; ghly;fs;> fijg;ghly;fs;> njhopw;ghly;fs;> nghy;ybg;ghly;fs;> khg;gps;is tho;j;j> CQ;ry; ghl;l vd;git ehl;lg;gw ghly;fshf tpsq;ffpd;wd.,it mk;kf;fspd; gz;ghl> tho;f;if Kiw> ek;gpf;iffs; Kjypatw;iw ntspg;glj;jp epw;fpd;wd.,tw;ws;> njhopw;ghly;fis ikag;glj;jpna,t;tha;t Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ. njhopyhsu;fs;> njhopy; GupAk; NghJ> Jd;gj;jpypUe;Jk; fisg;gpypue;jk; tplgl jdpj;njh> Nru;e;Njh> ghly;fis ghltu;.,jidna njhopw;ghly; vd;gu;. $l;lhf Ntiy nra;ak; nghoj cly; mirtpd; xj;jpirf;f,iae;j ghly;fs; Njhd;wpd. mitna njhopw;ghly;fs; vd;fpwhu; fh.ifyhrgjp. Cth khfhzj;jpd; gjis khtl;lj;jpy; ntypkil gpunjrk; mike;js;sj.,q;f ney;> kuf;fwp> Njapiy Kjypad gapuplg;glfpd;wd.,q;f,g;gapu;r;nra;ifapy; <LgLk; jkpo;> rpq;fs njhopyhsu;fspd; kj;jpapy; gy;ntw ehl;lhu; ghly;fs; fhzg;glfpd;wd. MdhYk;>,it,Jtiuapy; vtuhyk; njhff;fg;glnth Ma;Tf;F cl;glj;jg;glnth,y;iy. ntypkilg; gpunjrj;jpy; toq;fptuk; jkpo;-rpq;fs ehl;lhu; njhopw;ghly;fis,dq;fz;l> mit ve;jstf;f ntypkilg; gpunjr njhopyhsu;fspd; gpur;rpidfisg; gpujpgypf;fpd;wd vd;gjidf; ntspf;nfhz;l tutnj,t;tha;tpd; gpujhd Nehf;fkhFk;. jkpo;-rpq;fs ehl;lhu; njhopw;ghly;fspy;,g;gpunjr Ngr;R nkhopapd; nry;thf;f ve;jstf;ff; fhzg;glfpd;wj vd;gjidf; fz;lwptjk;,t;tha;tpd; kw;wnkhu Nehf;fkhFk;.,t;tha;tpy; Kjyhk;>,uz;lhk; epiyj;jutfs; gad;glj;jg;gl;ls;sd. ntypkil gpunjr njhopyhsu;fsplkpue;j ngwg;gl;l jfty;fsk; ehl;lhu; ghly;fsk; Kjyhk; epiyj; jutfshftk;,t;tha;nthl njhlu;ghf,jtiu vojg;gl;l Ehy;fs;> Ma;Tf;fl;Liufs; Kjypad,uz;lhk; epiyj;jutfshftk; gad;glj;jg;gl;ls;sd.,t;tha;tpy; r%ftpay;> nkhopapay;> xg;gpay;> tpsf;fkiw Kjypa mzfkiwfs; gad;glj;jg;gl;ls;sd. 10 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

11 ntypkilg; gpunjrj;jpypue;j ngwg;gl;l jkpo;> rpq;fs ehl;lhu; ghly;fspy; njhopy;rhu;> njhopyhsu;rhu; gpur;rpidfs; fz;lwpag;gl;ls;sd. NkYk;>,g;gpuNjr ehl;lhu; ghly;fspy;,g;gpunjr kf;fspd; Ngr;R tof;fpid rpwg;ghf,dq;fhz KbAk;. tpsf;fr;nrhw;fs;;;;;;: ehl;lhu;; ghly;> njhopw;ghly; 11 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

12 fqziu{e<!giuqbr<gt<;!fuqe!klqp<g<!giuqbr<gtqe<!nch<hjmbqz<!yv! Ofig<G! Dr. MAM. Rameez, Mrs. AA. Sithy Nazeera, Ma;Tr; RUf;fk; gih<hqbl<! we<hk?! nxl<?! ohivt<?! -e<hl<?! uqm! we<x! fie<g! ujg! dxkqh<! ohivt<gotim! ke<eqgvqz<zik<! kjzujeh<! hx<xqh<! himh<hml<! Ohvqzg<gqbliGl/<! klqp<! -zg<gqb! uvzix<xqz<! hz! giuqbr<gt<! Okix<xl<! ohx<xt<te/! giuqbr<gjt! lvh! vqkqbie! giuqbr<gt<?! fuqe! giuqbr<gt<! we! -Vujgbigh<! hqvqg<gzil</! k{<cbzr<givl<!%xl<! giuqb!-zg<g{r<gtg<g! Wx<h! njlf<kju! lvh! vqkqbie! giuqbr<gtigl</! dt<tmg<gk<kqzl<! dk<kqljxbqzl<! dvuh<hvh<hqzl<! lvh! vqkqbie! giuqbr<gtqz<! -Vf<K! OuXhm<Mg<! gi{h<hml<! giuqbr<got! fuqe! giuqbr<gtigl<//! =pk<kqz<! laiguq?! LVjgbe<?! fqziu{e<?! wl</w/f0lie<! LkziOeiv<! fuqe! giuqb! lvhg<g! uqk<kqm<muv<gtiuv</!fqziu{eqe<!giuqbr<got!-r<g!nb<ug<g!dm<hmk<kh<hm<mt<tk/!! -uvqe<! giuqbr<gt<! wtqb! hkl<?! wtqb! fjm?! wtqkqz<! nxqf<k! ogit<tg<%cb! sf<kl<?! ohikser<gt<! uqvl<hl<! olm<m?! fuqe! sqf<kje!! we<hux<xqjeg<! ogi{<m! fuqe! giuqbr<gtig! uqtr<ggqe<xe/! fuqe! giuqbr<gt<! wel<! hiv<jubqz<! fqzu{eqe<! giuqbr<gt<!-kujv! wuvizl<! Nb<U! osb<bh<hmuqz<jz/! nf<k! ujgbqz<!-u<uib<u! Lg<gqbl<!ohXgqe<xK/! fqziu{eqe<! giuqbr<gtqz<! fuqe! giuqbr<gtqe<! h{<hgt<! wf<ktug<gg<! gi{h<hmgqe<xe?! klqpqz<! Okix<xl<ohx<x! fuqe! giuqbr<gtqe<! uvqjsbqz<! fqziu{eqe<! -ml<! we<heux<jx! outqg<ogi{<m! uvujk! Ofig<gligg<! ogi{<m! -u<uib<u! Olx<ogit<th<hm<Mt<tK/! -u<uib<uqz<! Lkzil<! fqjzk<! kvuig! fqziu{eqe<!&e<x! giuqbr<gjtbl<! Wjeb! fuqe! klqp<g<! giuqbr<gjtbl<!-v{<mil<! fqjzk<kvuig! fuqe! giuqbr<gt<! okimv<hig! outquf<k! F~z<gt<?! gm<mjvgt<! we<heul<! hbe<hmk<kh<hm<mt<te/! -u<uib<uqz<! uqtg<gljx?!s&guqbz<?!olipqbqbz<!negljxgt<!hbe<hmk<kh<hm<mt<te/! fqziu{eqe<!giuqbr<gtqz<!fuqe!giuqbr<gtg<gie!-zg<g{r<gt<!sqxh<hig!njlf<k! gi{h<hmuokim?! =pk<k! fuqe! giuqbh<! hjmh<hitqgt<! uvqjsbqz<! fqziu{eg<oge! keqbieokiv!-ml<!d{<m!we<hjk!-u<uib<u!dxkqosb<gqxk/! Key words: fuqe!klqp<g<!giuqbr<gt<?!giuqbr<gt<! 12 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

13 ÄÄgijvkQUh<!hqvOksh< hqvoksh<!h{<himl<!hpolipqgtl<!yv<!nb<u h{<himl<!hpolipqgtl<!yv<!nb<u! Dr. MAM. Rameez, Ms. G. Sanathani, Ma;Tr; RUf;fk; -e<jxb! gizg<gm<mk<kqz<! utv<f<kuvl<! Nb<UgTt<! ye<xig! fim<mh<hxuqbz<! Nb<U! uqtr<ggqe<xk/! leqk!-eliek! olipqjbg<! gvk<kh<! hvqlix<xk<kqx<gvqb! Dmgligg<! ogi{<m! gizk<kqzqvf<ok! uib<olipq!-zg<gqbk<kqejmb! Okix<xl<!-ml<! ohx<xqvg<g! Ou{<Ml</! fim<mivqzg<gqbl<! s&gk<jkg<! gim<ml<! g{<{ic! weg<!%xzil</!-zg<g{! uvl<hqx<g! dm<hmilz<! wpk<kxquqz<zik! fim<mh<hx! lg<gtqjmob! wpf<k! d{v<s<sqgjtbl<! gx<hjegjtbl<! outqh<hmk<kukigou! fim<miv<! -zg<gqbl<! njlf<kt<tk/! fim<miv<!-zg<gqbl<! dt<tr<gtqe<! d{v<s<sqoutqh<himigl</! Wtqjl, -eqjl>!-js?! d{<jl!ohie<xjugt<!-f<fim<miv<!-zg<gqbr<gtqz<!dt<tmr<gq!-vg<gqe<xe/!himz<> gjk> gjkh<himz<> hpolipq> uqmgjk! we<hjugt<! fim<miv<!-zg<gqb! ucur<gtigg<! ogit<th<hmgqe<xe/! -ux<xt<! dt<tmg<gh<hm<mt<t! hpolipqgjt! jlbh<hmk<kqob! -u<uib<u! Olx<ogit<th<hm<Mt<tK/! &kxquqzqvf<k! Okie<xqb! olipq! hpolipq/! fqjeh<hqx<g! wm<mik! hpr<gizk<kqzqvf<k! lg<gt<! uip<uqz<! uip<f<k! uvhju! nju! we<hjk! hpolipqbqzt<t! Äolipq we<el<! osiz<! dxkqh<hmk<kgqe<xk/! nxquizl<! nehuk<kizl<! sqxf<k! ohvqobiv<gtiz<! %xh<hm<m?! hqe<ev<! upg<gqz<! uf<kjuob! hpolipqgt</! -h<hpolipqgt<! lg<gtqe<! h{<him<cje! nxqf<kogit<t! dgf<k! Nu{lig! njlf<kt<te/! hpolipq! wh<ohik! dvuiek?! biviz<! dvuig<gh<hm<mk! we<x!nxkqbqm<m!%xlcbik/!okiz<gih<hqbvl<!-kje!lkolipq!we<x!%xuiv</!! gqpg<g! ligi{k<kqz<! nl<hijv! lium<mk<kqz<! gijvkquh<! hqvoksl<! njlf<kt<tk/! -h<hqvoksk<kqz<! uipl<! lg<gt<! klk! ne<xim! uip<uqz<! okipqz<?! lkfl<hqg<jggt?<! hpg<gupg<gr<gt<?! nvsqbz?<! ohivtikivl<?! s&gfqjzjlgt<! Ohie<x! -e<oeive<e! uqmbr<gtqz<!hpolipqgjth<!hbe<hmk<kgqexev</!,g;gpunjrj;jpy; ehl;lhu;,yf;fpak; njhlu;ghd Ma;Tfs; mupjhfnt,lk;ngw;wnghjpyk; gz;ghlk; gonkhopfsk; gw;wp,jtiu ve;j Ma;Tk;,lk; ngwtpy;iy.,f;fiwia eptu;j;jp nra;tjhfnt,t;tha;t mike;js;sj. gijvkquh<!hqvoksk<kqz<!upr<gquvl<!hpolipqgjt!-er<g{<m?!mit ve;jstf;f fhiujpt gpunjrkf;fspd; tho;tpaiy: gz;ghl;il gpujpgypf;fpd;wd vd;gjid ntspf;nfhz;ltutijg; gpujhd Nehf;fkhfTk; fhiujpt gpunjrj;jpy; fhzg;glk; gonkhopfis voj;jug;glj;jp> mit mope;j nry;yhj mtw;iw Nrfupj;J Mtzg;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; vjpu;fhy re;jjpapduk; gad;ngw tifnra;jy;>,g;gonkhopfspy;,g;gpunjr Ngr;Rnkhopapd; nry;thf;f ve;jstf;ff; fhzg;glfpd;wj vd;gij fz;lwpjy; Mfpa cgnehf;fq;fisak; nfhz;l,t;tha;t Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ. 13 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,

14 -u<uib<uqz<! Lkzil<> -v{<mil<! fqjzk<kvugt<! hbe<hmk<kh<hm<mt<te/! fim<miv<! -zg<gqbl<! okimv<hie! kguz<gjt! nxqf<kuv<gt<?! gijvk<kquh<hqvoks! lg<gt<! NgqObivqmlqVf<K! ohxh<hm<m! Ofv<gi{z<gTl<! fim<miv<! -zg<gqbr<gtl<! Lkzil<! fqjzk<kvugtigul<!! -u<uib<ouim! okimv<hie! -Kujv! wpkh<hm<m! F~z<gt<> Nb<Ug<gm<Mjvgt<?! Lkzqbe! -u<uib<ug<gie! -v{<mil<! fqjzk<! kvugtigul<! hbe<hmk<kh<hm<mt<te/!!! -u<uib<uqz<! s&guqbz<?! olipqbqbz<?! tpsf;fkiw Nghd;w mzfkiwfs; gad;glj;jg;gl;ls;sd. fhiuj;jptg; gpunjrj;jpy; toq;fg;gl;ltuk; ehl;lhu; gonkhopfspd}nl,g;gpunjrkf;fspd; gz;ghl: okipqz<?! lkfl<hqg<jggt?<! hpg<gupg<gr<gt<?! lvhgt?<! nvsqbz?<! ohivtikivl<?! s&gfqjzjlgt<! Lkzqb! -e<oeive<e! nl<sr<gjt! mwpe;jnfhs;s KbAk;. Key Words: h{<him?!hpolipq!! 14 Second Undergraduate Colloquium 2014, FAC & FIA,