Assistance Coordination Unit / Information Management Unit

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Lee Lawson
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2 SYRIAN CRISIS Forced Displacement from the Eastern Ghota and Qalmun Rural Damascus Governorate Overview: Syrian regime and pro-forces kept following Leave or Die strategy in the Eastern Ghota and Qalmun in Rural Damascus, using every type of weapons to force Armed Opposition Groups (AOGs) to accept any agreement Russia puts on the table on behalf of Syrian regime with zero tolerance from both of them to any conditions to be imposed by AOGs. Consequently, so-called agreements brokered by Russia with Ahrar al-sham, Faylaq al-rman and Jaysh al-islam to transfer civilians and AOGs fighters to Idleb, Hama and Aleppo governorates, the Information Management Unit (IMU) of the Assistance Coordination Unit (ACU), through its network of field enumerators, worked on tracking the cross-line displacement from Eastern Ghota and Qalmun in Rural Damascus in the locations where they settled in north-western Syria and northern Aleppo countryside after they passed zero points at Castle in District in Hama governorate and Al-Bab city in Al-Bab district in Aleppo governorate. IMU enumerators collected the data, and 1 st version of this report Forced Displacement from the Eastern Ghota 1 was issued, covering the period from 14 to 28 March. Moreover, IMU enumerators kept tracking the movements of the IDPs in their large concentrations in north-western Syria and northern Aleppo countryside where the 2 nd version of Forced Displacement from the Eastern Ghota 2 was issued, updating the information up to 10 April The current flash report was intended to further track the forcedly displaced people from Al-Qadam neighborhood, Harasta, Arbin, Duma, Dhameer and eastern Qalmun. Some of these forcedly displaced people were reported to be subject to multiple displacements due to the lack of services, looking for better conditions or alike. In this report, IMU enumerators revisited the communities that were covered in the 1 st and 2 nd versions for the third time. They also revisited the ones covered in the 2 nd version for the second time. Also, they tracked the forcedly displaced people in new locations for the first time, covering wide geographical areas in Idleb, Hama and Aleppo governorates up to 23 April According to field resources more than 70,000 forcedly displaced people were reported to be displaced from the Eastern Ghota and Qalmun in Rural Damascus and passed zero points at Castle and Al-Bab city, where IMU enumerators were able to track 75,339 ones at their current destinations in north-western Syria and northern Aleppo countryside in comparison with 67,000 ones reported by OCHA in their 3 rd situation report Situation in North-western Syria 3 who have already passed zero points up to 19 April. Meanwhile, CCCM shared a map and table of cross-line displacement from eastern Ghota up to 17 April 2018, highlighting that 65,202 forcedly displaced people were reported to be tracked after they passed zero points between 13 March and 17 April; 12,860 of them are reported arrivals in CCCM Reception Centers Mezanaz, Elekhwan in Idleb governorate, Al-Bab and Azaz in Aleppo governorate. It is noteworthy that inter-factional fight that took place recently along with the ongoing bombardment by Syrian regime forced some new arrivals from Eastern Ghota and Qalmun in Rural Damascus to be re-displaced to some areas in Afrin District which are considered safer in terms of security in comparison with other areas Ghota%E2%80%9D-ISSUE-II.pdf 3 rn_syria_ pdf

3 Afrin Al Bab Atareb A'zaz Daret Azza Haritan Castle Ariha Armanaz Badama Bennsh Dana Darkosh Ehsem Harim Heish Idleb Janudiyeh Shugur Kafr Nobol Kafr Takharim Khan Shaykun Tamsrin An Nu'man Mhambal Qourqeena Salqin Saraqab Sarmin Teftnaz The increase in the number of the forcedly displaced people tracked by IMU enumerators can be attributed to the fact that some of them were reported by one Local Council (LC) who didn`t realize that they were displaced to another location to be reported by the LC of that location, challenging IMU enumerators who were forced to revisit the LCs more than once to triangulate the information they had already collected; yet the situation was not perfectly manageable as reported by most of the LCs visited. Methodology: Face to face interviews were conducted with Key Informants (KIs) to collect the data including community leaders, Local Council members, Civil Society members, NGOs or members of registration points of both IDPs and host community. IMU mobilized 50 enumerators to interview one sample at each community using Excel Form. Then, the data was analyzed to generate the figures, and the maps were produced to be included in the report. Meanwhile, CCCM and OCHA reports were used as secondary data for triangulation along with some field reports that can be considered informed sources. In this report, IMU enumerators revisited the communities that were covered in the 1 st and 2 nd versions for the third time. They also revisited the ones covered in the 2 nd version for the second time. Also, they tracked the forcedly displaced people in new locations for the first time. Demographics of IDPs: 658 communities in 40 sub-districts in Idleb, Aleppo and Hama governorates were covered by IMU enumerators. It was found out that the forcedly displaced people from the Eastern Ghota and Qalmun had arrived at 175 communities, whereas 483 ones hadn`t hosted any forcedly displaced people. 56 communities in 20 sub-districts were revisited for the third time, hosting 21,276 forcedly displaced people. Meanwhile, IMU enumerators visited 21 communities for the first time in Jarablus, Afrin, Al-Bab and A`zaz sub-districts in Aleppo governorate, hosting 11,315 ones. On the other hand, 2,546 forcedly displaced people were reported to leave 9 communities Sheikh El-Hadid, Koran Jandris, Kafr Naseh Elatareb, Kafr Na, Jeineh, Abzemo and Batbu in Aleppo governorate along with Al-Faroukiyeh and Sarja in Idleb governorate and that might be attributed to the lack of services. Figure 1: Comparison between the revisited communities in the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd issues of this report. Round 1 Round 2 Round 3

4 In total, IMU enumerators tracked the IDPs in 175 communities in 40 sub-districts. Up to 23 April 2018, 73,339 forcedly displaced people were reported by IMU enumerators to arrive at their current destinations in 3 governorates Idleb by 49.6% (37,403 IDPs), Aleppo by 47.6% (35,833 IDPs) and Hama by 2.8% (2,103 IDPs). The top 5 sub-districts receiving IDPs were Al-Bab sub-district by 18% (13,900 IDPs), An Nu'man sub-district by 10% (7,594 IDPs), Afrin sub-district by 8% (6,000 IDPs), Ariha sub-district by 6% (4,407 IDPs) and Dana sub-district by 5% (3,657 IDPs) of the total number of IDPs. Figure 2: The forcedly displaced people segregated by locations Idleb 49.6% % Aleppo Hama 2.8% 2103 Top 5 Sub-districts received IDPs Al Bab An Nu'man Afrin Ariha Dana % 10% 8% 6% 5%

Map1: Forced Displacement Directions from Eastern Ghota and Qalmun The first convoys reported in the 1 st issue of this report headed to Idleb, Northern Hama countryside and Western Aleppo

5 Map1: Forced Displacement Directions from Eastern Ghota and Qalmun The first convoys reported in the 1 st issue of this report headed to Idleb, Northern Hama countryside and Western Aleppo countryside. New locations were added to the list of the destinations of the IDPs from Eastern Ghota in the 2 nd issue of this report to include A`zaz and Al-Bab in Northern Aleppo countryside along with Afrin. The current issue, as it was expected, showed that Al-Bab sub-district was the first subdistrict in hosting the forcedly displaced people because it was the main destination included in the evacuation agreements that took place lately and Afrin was the third sub-district because it was the preferred destination of the IDPs for security related issues and it is well-serviced in comparison with other destinations.

6 Map 2: Distribution Locations of the forcedly displaced people

Forcedly displaced people segregated by gender and special cases: IMU enumerators tracked the forcedly displaced people

It was found out that 48% (36,327 IDPs) of the total number are males in comparison with 52% (39,012 IDPs) are females

7 Forcedly displaced people segregated by gender and special cases: IMU enumerators tracked the forcedly displaced people and collected the information segregated by gender and special cases. It was found out that 48% (36,327 IDPs) of the total number are males in comparison with 52% (39,012 IDPs) are females including 8,794 infants who suffered from malnutrition because of the siege and their special needs like health care and hygiene-related ones should be covered. The convoys also included 19,250 children at school age and 1,024 injured who need immediate medical interventions. Figure 3: Categories of IDPs. Total IDPs 52% 48% Males Females Males Females Injured Infants Children at school age 19250

8 The majority of the families arrived was whole families (husband, wife and children). Meanwhile, single men and female-headed families were also frequently noticed types of the forcedly displaced people, and the last criterion should be included in the different projects. Figure 4: Classification of forcedly displaced people. Governorate Whole families Unaccompani ed Minors Single men Married men leaving their families behind Femaleheaded families Elderly Single women Families left their male head behind Idleb Aleppo Hama All High Low IDPs future plans: One of the main issues IMU enumerators concentrated on is the future plans of the forcedly displaced people whether they are going to stay where they are, or they have pre-made intentions to leave for a variety of reasons. It was found out that 66% of the IDPs have no intentions to leave their current locations in comparison with 34% who showed willingness to be re-displaced because some of them consider their current locations as transit by 63%, 17% of them wish to be reunified with their families, 11% waiting for the security situation to improve to return and the lack of housing and high prices force 7% of them to think of being re-displaced. Figure 5: IDPs` intentions to stay in their current locations

Shelters of IDPs: 33% of the IDPs are settled in rented houses and flats, 30% of them found shelter in right-to-use houses, 25% are in collective

shelter in empty or incomplete buildings.

In comparison with the 2 nd issue of this report, there is an increase in the percentage of the families settled in rented houses and flats due

On the other hand, 30% of the IDPs are settled in right-to-use houses where they don`t feel stable who might be asked by houses` owners to leave

9 Shelters of IDPs: 33% of the IDPs are settled in rented houses and flats, 30% of them found shelter in right-to-use houses, 25% are in collective centers, 6% are hosted by other families, 5% are settled in other types of shelter including mosques and tents in the schoolyards, and 1% found shelter in empty or incomplete buildings. In this regard, some of the forcedly displaced people were reported to leave the mud village as they didn`t manage living there. In comparison with the 2 nd issue of this report, there is an increase in the percentage of the families settled in rented houses and flats due to the fact that there were some campaigns to support some families by rental fees. On the other hand, 30% of the IDPs are settled in right-to-use houses where they don`t feel stable who might be asked by houses` owners to leave for a variety of reasons and they themselves are not happy as they have the feeling that they are burdening the families offering them these houses who might benefit from their rental fees. Figure 6: IDPs per shelter 33% 30% Houses, Flat (rented) Gifted houses 25% 6% collective centers Hosted by Families, Friends, Host community

Other 5% 1% Empty and incomplete building Priorities of the IDPs in terms of needs: Through three issues of this report, cash assistance came first on the list of priorities of the IDPs.

10 Other 5% 1% Empty and incomplete building Priorities of the IDPs in terms of needs: Through three issues of this report, cash assistance came first on the list of priorities of the IDPs. Meanwhile, it was found out in this report that the distribution of food baskets and kitchen sets along with houseware was also of the priorities of the IDPs. Figure 7: Priorities of the IDPs in terms of needs Governorate Medicine Kitchen set Bread Healthcare Food basket Dignity kit Blankets/ Mattresses House ware Cash Drinking water Cooking Fuel Solar powered lighting Clothes Hygiene kit Tent Idleb Aleppo Hama All Top Low Response Analysis: Out of 75,339 IDPs, only 70% were supported by bread. 55% of them were supported by blankets and mattresses IMU enumerators reported that some active agencies are distributing only one mattress per one family which is not enough and when they reach out for other agencies to ask for more mattresses, they are not supported because the other agencies would consider this as a kind of duplication. 68% of the IDPs received health care, but patients with chronical diseases and injuries are in need of additional health care and should be targeted with periodic medications. 92% of them were supported by Ready To Eat rations (RTEs), 60% were supported by food baskets, 42% received kitchen kits, and only 13% of the total number were supported by cash grants which are still considered the most urgent and needed gap to be filled because these grants would save the IDPs dignity to meet their needs mainly shelter.

In comparison with 2 nd issue of this report, it was reported that the capacity of the active agencies to respond started to decrease because it was expected that more displaced people would arrive.

11 In comparison with 2 nd issue of this report, it was reported that the capacity of the active agencies to respond started to decrease because it was expected that more displaced people would arrive. So, there is a real concern that the new arrivals would need to follow some negative mechanisms to cope with the lack of support and services or they might be forced to head to the Syrian-Turkish border to cross illegally to Turkey and that would endanger their lives. Moreover, 23% of the different needs of the displaced populations, mainly houseware, were covered by civil society initiatives. Furthermore, most of the Local Councils visited by IMU enumerators reported the lack of resources to cover the needs of the increased numbers of IDPs. Simultaneously, despite flagging the issue previously, it was still reported that active agencies are focusing their response at zero points only. Figure 8: Provided Response and Response Gap Civil Society Initiative Blanket and Mattresses 23% 55% 77% 45% Health Care 68% 32% RTE 92% 8% Bread 70% 30% Kitchen set Food basket 42% 60% 58% 40% Cash 13% 87% Received Response Response Gap Recommendations: The populations expressed some feeling of resentment because some agencies are conducting Rapid Needs Assessment (RNAs) and giving promises of providing support. However, no response took place up to the period of writing this report. So, it is recommended to be careful when conducting RNAs in order not to raise the expectation of the populations. It is recommended to increase the number of the specialists in skin diseases and their related medications because it was reported as a gap and an urgent need as well. Furthermore, mobile clinics should be accessible to IDPs because it was found out that some of them are travelling long distances to access the nearest ones. All the communities should be dealt equally regarding services and support. However, it was reported that some agencies are focusing on large concentrations of IDPs but not the small ones, forcing the IDPs in the latter to be re-displaced looking for better-serviced communities. There is a need that the active agencies should make plans to include the forcedly displaced people in longterm projects rather than the emergency ones given the fact that the majority of them don`t have any intentions to leave their current locations and that would, consequently, mitigate exposing them to the phenomenon of multi-displacement.

12 More efforts should be made to support the forcedly displaced people with psycho-social support (PSS) mainly women which was reported as a gap that should be addressed. Some efforts should be made to support the families that lost their documentation and are unable to access services because of this through close coordination between the LCs, the active agencies and some committee formed in this regard. The reported convoys included 19,250 children at school age. Therefore, long-term plans should be made in order to integrate them into schools as soon as possible because 66% of the forcedly displaced people stated that they have no intentions to leave their current locations. ACU reiterates calling the international community and all working organizations to search for a strategic solution to secure a permanent shelter for the forcedly displaced people from the Eastern Ghota and Qalmun, in addition to providing the suitable health care, psychological support, and supporting them with urgent cash grants to acquire the basic needs for the displaced households. Annex: List of Destination Communities and # of IDPs with Disaggregation # Governorate District Subdistrict Community Pcode No of IDPs (Individuals) No of Male No of Female No of infants No of injured Children under 18 Children btw Idleb Ariha Ehsem Ehsem C Idleb Ariha Ehsem Marata C Idleb Ariha Ehsem Bara C Idleb Ariha Ehsem Kansafra C Idleb Ariha Ehsem Ablin C Idleb Ariha Ehsem Joseph C Idleb Ariha Ehsem Balyun C Idleb Ariha Ehsem Balshun C Idleb Ariha Ehsem Maghara C Idleb Ariha Ehsem Rami C Idleb Idleb Idleb Falyun C Idleb Idleb Idleb Qminas C Idleb Idleb Idleb Arshani C Idleb Idleb Idleb Nayrab C Idleb Idleb Idleb Idleb C Idleb Idleb Idleb Ein Shib C Idleb Idleb Idleb Kreiz C Idleb Idleb Idleb Northern Ora C Idleb Idleb Idleb Mastumeh C Idleb Harim Armanaz Quneitra C Idleb Harim Armanaz Armanaz C Idleb Harim Armanaz Milis C Idleb Harim Armanaz Baliya C Idleb Harim Armanaz Kabta C Idleb Harim Armanaz Ghafar C

13 26 Idleb Harim Armanaz Hafasraja C Idleb Harim Armanaz Sheikh Yousef C Kuwaro - Um 28 Idleb Harim Armanaz Elriy C Idleb Harim Armanaz Biret Armanaz C Idleb Harim Armanaz Dweila C Idleb Ariha Ariha Banin C Idleb Ariha Ariha Kafraziba C Idleb Ariha Ariha Ariha C Idleb Ariha Ariha Nliya C Idleb Ariha Ariha Kafr Najd C Idleb Ariha Ariha Korin C Idleb Ariha Ariha Orm Eljoz C Idleb Ariha Ariha Maarbalit C Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Azaz C Aleppo Jebel Saman Atareb Atareb C Aleppo Al Bab Al Bab Al Bab C Aleppo Al Bab Al Bab Bazagha C Aleppo Al Bab Al Bab Qabasin C Idleb Shugur Janudiyeh Maland C Idleb Shugur Janudiyeh Janudiyeh C Idleb Shugur Janudiyeh Hassaniyeh - Hatya C Idleb Shugur Janudiyeh Hamama - Kafr Debbin C Idleb Shugur Janudiyeh Foz - Zuf C Idleb Harim Dana Dana C Idleb Harim Dana Aqrabat C Idleb Harim Dana Q C Idleb Harim Dana Selwa C Idleb Harim Dana Atma C Idleb Harim Dana Sarmada C Idleb Harim Dana Tilaada C Idleb Harim Dana Tal Elkaramej C Aleppo Al Bab Ar-Ra'ee Sandi C Aleppo Jarablus Ghandor Ghandor C Idleb Shugur Badama Shaturiyeh C Aleppo Afrin Bulbul Bulbul C Aleppo Afrin Bulbul Za'ra C Idleb Idleb Bennsh Bennsh C Idleb Idleb Teftnaz Teftnaz C Elnaasan 64 Idleb Idleb Teftnaz - Elhaski C Aleppo Jarablus Jarablus Jarablus C Aleppo Jarablus Jarablus Tal Elamara C Aleppo Jarablus Jarablus Lower Um Rotha C Hadra - Big 68 Aleppo Jarablus Jarablus Baldaq C

14 69 Aleppo Jarablus Jarablus Hjeileh - Jrables C Idleb Shugur Shugur Shugur C Idleb Shugur Shugur Ein Elhamra C Aleppo Afrin Jandairis Jandairis C Aleppo Jebel Saman Haritan Haritan C Aleppo Jebel Saman Haritan Kafr Hamra C Aleppo Jebel Saman Haritan Andan C Aleppo Jebel Saman Haritan Hayyan C Idleb Al Ma'ra Heish Heish C Idleb Al Ma'ra Heish Kafrsajna C Idleb Al Ma'ra Heish Syan C Idleb Al Ma'ra Heish Moqa C Idleb Al Ma'ra Heish Rakaya Sijneh C Idleb Al Ma'ra Khan Shaykun Khan Shaykun C Idleb Al Ma'ra Khan Shaykun Nqeir C Idleb Al Ma'ra Khan Shaykun Hbit C Aleppo Jebel Saman Daret Azza Daret Azza C Idleb Shugur Darkosh Darkosh C Idleb Shugur Darkosh Amud C Idleb Shugur Darkosh Ghazala - Mgheidleh C Idleb Shugur Darkosh Zraa - Kherbet Amud C Idleb Shugur Darkosh Zanbaqi C Idleb Shugur Darkosh Dorriyeh C Aleppo Afrin Raju Raju C Idleb Idleb Saraqab Saraqab C Idleb Idleb Saraqab Mardikh C Idleb Idleb Saraqab Afs C Idleb Idleb Saraqab Jobas C Idleb Idleb Saraqab San C Idleb Idleb Saraqab Khan Elsobol C Idleb Idleb Saraqab Maar Dibsi C Idleb Idleb Saraqab Kafr Omeim C Idleb Idleb Saraqab Kafr Battikh C Idleb Idleb Sarmin Sarmin C Idleb Harim Salqin Salqin C Idleb Harim Salqin Eskat C Idleb Harim Salqin Allani C Idleb Harim Salqin Betiya C Idleb Harim Salqin Azmarin C Aleppo Afrin Sharan Bafelyun C Aleppo Afrin Sharan Qatmet Efrin C Aleppo Afrin Sharan Qastal Jend C

15 111 Aleppo Afrin Sharan Kafr Janna C Aleppo Afrin Afrin Afrin C Hama 114 Hama 115 Hama 116 Hama 117 Hama 118 Hama 119 Hama 120 Hama 121 Hama 122 Hama 123 Hama 124 Hama Castle Hurriyeh C Castle Tweini C Castle Sehriyeh C Castle Shranaz C Castle Hmeirat C Castle Eastern Huweiz C Castle Hawash C Castle Jamasa Odayat - Alsharee C Castle Tanjar C Castle Castle C Castle Bab Eltaqa C Castle Qirata C Idleb Harim Qourqeena Qourqeena C Idleb Harim Qourqeena Barisha C Idleb Harim Qourqeena Rabeeta C Idleb Harim Qourqeena Ras Elhisn C Idleb Harim Qourqeena Koknaya C Kafr 130 Idleb Harim Takharim Kafr Takharim C Idleb Al Ma'ra Kafr Nobol Kafr Nobol C Idleb Al Ma'ra Kafr Nobol Sheikh Mustafa C Idleb Al Ma'ra Kafr Nobol Faqie C Idleb Al Ma'ra Kafr Nobol Shorlin C Idleb Al Ma'ra Kafr Nobol Karsaa C Idleb Al Ma'ra Kafr Nobol Maar Troma C Idleb Al Ma'ra Kafr Nobol Maarzita C Idleb Al Ma'ra Kafr Nobol Sfuhen C Idleb Al Ma'ra Kafr Nobol Has C Idleb Al Ma'ra Kafr Nobol Hazarin C Aleppo A'zaz Mare' Mare' C Aleppo A'zaz Mare' Alsayed Ali C Idleb Ariha Mhambal Mhambal C Idleb Ariha Mhambal Alyeh C Idleb Ariha Mhambal Shagurit C

16 146 Idleb Ariha Mhambal Hmeimat C Idleb Ariha Mhambal Hila C Idleb Ariha Mhambal Anb C Idleb Ariha Mhambal Sen C Ora Qabli Idleb Ariha Mhambal Edwan C Idleb Ariha Mhambal Kafrmid C Aleppo Afrin Ma'btali Ma'btali C Idleb Al Ma'ra An Nu'man An Nu'man C Idleb Al Ma'ra An Nu'man Ghadqa C Idleb Al Ma'ra An Nu'man Kafruma C Idleb Al Ma'ra An Nu'man Telamnas C Idleb Al Ma'ra An Nu'man Jarjnaz C Idleb Al Ma'ra An Nu'man Maar Shurin C Idleb Al Ma'ra An Nu'man Maasaran C Idleb Al Ma'ra An Nu'man Thrat Talamnas C Idleb Al Ma'ra An Nu'man Maar Shamarin C Idleb Idleb Tamsrin Tamasrin C Idleb Idleb Tamsrin Shekh Br C Idleb Idleb Tamsrin Ram Hamdan C Idleb Idleb Tamsrin Kafr - Kafrehmul C Idleb Idleb Tamsrin Kelly C Idleb Idleb Tamsrin Haranbush C Idleb Idleb Tamsrin Zardana Mashehad C Idleb Idleb Tamsrin Elekhwan C Idleb Idleb Tamsrin Hazano C Idleb Idleb Tamsrin Kaftin C Idleb Idleb Tamsrin Kafr Nabi C Aleppo A'zaz Suran Albil C Aleppo Jarablus Jarablus Zoghra C Idleb Harim Harim Harim C

IDP Movement and Market Monitoring in Idleb

SYRIA IDP Movement and Market Monitoring in Idleb January 2018 Photo credits: CBR-TWG (2016) About REACH REACH is a joint initiative of two international non-governmental organizations - ACTED and IMPACT