Software package WinQSB in the function of automatisation of transport management system

Transcription

1 Software package WiQSB i the fuctio of autoatisatio of trasport aageet syste Mara Đ. Matotek Abstract This paper deals with the possibilities of WiQSB software package for applicatio i trasport aageet. I this way, it has bee deostrated the solutio for classic proble, which fro the aspect of operatioal research, ca be defied as follows: Trasport proble eeds defiig the uber of hoogeous uits, which should be arraged fro ay startig poits to ay destiatios i order to decrease trasport charges ad icrease the icoe. The ai goal of the research is to deostrate the usability of applicatios i copaies where is ecessary to take care about reductio of trasport charges. Idex Ters resource optiizatio, software odelig, trasport proble T I. INTRODUCTION rasport aageet is oe of the ost doiat logistics processes i busiess today. That is why these kids of services are ecessary, while costs are sigificat ad otable. Trasport charges are always icluded i logistics costs i ost systes. Trasport aageet icludes plaig, applicatio ad cotrol of trasport services i order to achieve orgaizatioal ais [10]. Chages i global busiess have forced ay orgaizatios to use strategic aagig i their busiess, ad oe of these processes is, of course, trasport aagig. I order to survive i the arket ad do busiess successfully, a orgaizatio has to fid the way to offer products of higher value, or services at lower price tha the copetitio. Oe of the solutios could be the iprovig busiess processes related to deliverig goods ad services. At the sae tie, fast developig of IT eables carryig out of busiess strategy. The ai of this paper is to use software package for solvig ior theoretical trasport probles ad to preset the advatages of coputer data processig i trasport aagig. The odel icludes all the factors that affect processes ad perforaces ad which will be used to respod to user deads ad eables oder aager to ake fuctioal decisios related to trasport aagig syste. Trasport probles are the part of each ecooy, especially if we have i id the iportace of arket i oder ecooy. As the trasport coects productio ad cosuptio, trasport charges are sigificat part of product price. Trasport task is a special case of a geeral task related to liear prograig. Nowadays, this field of IT belogs to operatioal research, ad it has bee developig rapidly i last five decades. Developet treds ad applicatios of trasport ethods would be cotiued i future decades with ore applicatios related to coputer progras with algoriths of ost efficiet ethods, which have bee used i aboveetioed period. If there are liear relatioship betwee trasport charges ad trasported quatities, we ca talk about liear trasport tasks. Trasport ethods used for solvig these tasks are a special case of liear prograig ethod. Furtherore, the developet of oliear, etwork ad dyaic prograig has led to differet oliear trasport ethods. The research subect i this paper is the applicatio of WiQSB software package, which is used for presetig the autoatizatio of calculatio process used for odel of trasport proble. Theoretical exaple (sall proble that ca easily be solved by iterative hady of software data processig) has also bee show. Thigs are slightly differet i real world. There are usually a lot of paraeters, which due to its coplexity affect the task ad its solutio. Give optial solutio is ot always the best oe i practical applicatio. Psychological, social, eviroetal ad other issues are usually ot take ito cosideratio ad it ca affect the variatios of the outcoe of the proble. O the basis of defied research goals, ad i accordace to the proble, subect ad the obect of the research, we ca ote followig assuptios: 1) Profitability ad efficiecy of a copay ostly deped o trasport aageet ethods 2) IT odel used for aagig trasport syste eables clear ad precise geeratig vehicle traectories. 3) Applicatio of this odel eables savig resources ad iprovig beefits. This kid of probles requires a lot of calculatios as well expertise ad a very log period of tie eeded for all ecessary iteratios i order to reach optial solutio. Software package WiQSB has a vide rage of fuctios used for aipulatios. Thus, depedig o applied ethod, startig solutio will approxiate the fial solutio i a better or worse way. Mauscript received October 11, F. Mara Matotek is with Techical College of Applied Scieces i Zreai, Zreai, Serbia (correspodig author to provide phoe: ; fax: ; e-ail: atotek@vts-zr.edu.rs). Noveber 2012 ATE Asia-Trasactios 63

2 II. MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF TRANSPORT PROBLEM The ost frequet issue of trasport probles is iiizatio of total trasport charges: resources, passegers, eergy, iforatio, etc. These issues ay be, i real world, a large expediture for soe ecooic syste. Trasport task ca be defied as a proble related to defiig optial trasport pla fro startig poits (dispatch statio) A i, i=1,2,..., to destiatios (receivig statios) B, =1,2,...,. Startig poits could iclude productio plats, warehouses, etc.while destitios could iclude warehouses, cosuer cetres, etc. The optial cryteria defied by the fuctio of the ai is usually iiizatio of trasport charges. Matheatical odel of trasport task icludes followig data: a Nuber of startig poits ad quatity of goods available at each startig poit A i, i = 1,2,...,; Nuber of destiatios ad quatity of goods required at each destiatio poit B, =1,2,...,; Trasport charges per coodity uit fro startig poit A i, i=1,2,..., to destiatio B, =1,2,...,, which are arked as follows c, i=1,2,...,, =1,2,...,. These values ca ot be egative, i.e: i 0, b i 1,2,..., 1,2,..., 0, c 0 Upo the assuptio that it is the trasport of hoogeous goods i.e. all available ad required quatities are related to oe kid of coodity. Trasport proble could be forulated as follows: It is ecessary to defie the quatities of coodity x, i = 1,2,...,, = 1,2,..., that should be trasported fro startig poits A i, i = 1,2,..., to destiatios B, = 1,2,..., i such a way that available quatities of goods a i, i = 1,2,..., should be trasported fro startig poits while required quatities of goods b, = 1,2,..., are trasported to destiatios. Total trasport charges should be iial. Schee for trasport proble is give i figure 1. Thus, total trasport charges are the fuctio of the goal ad ca be expressed as: X f c x... (1) i1 1 Liitatio syste ca be expressed as: 1. Total quatity of goods trasported fro oe startig poit A i, i=1,2,..., to all destiatios have to be equal to availabe quatity of goods at that startig poit a i, i = 1,2,...,. 1 x a, i 1,2,...,... (2) i i1 equal to the quatity of goods required for that destiatio poit b, =1,2,...,. x b, 1,2,...,... (3) 3. The quatities of trasported goods have to be oegative: x 0, i 1,2,...,, 1,2,...,... (4) A1 c11x11 B1 c12x12 c1x1 Figure 1: Trasport proble c21x21 A2 c22x22 B2... c2x2... c1x1 c2x2 Thus, atheatical odel of trasport task is: Fid: i f X i at liitatios: 1 i1 x x x 0, a, i b, i1 1 i 1,2,..., c x i 1,2,..., 1,2,..., 1,2,..., Coparig the scope of offer i all startig poits A i, i = 1,2,..., ad the scope of dead i all destiatio poits B, = 1,2,...,, two cases ca be oticed: a) If total supply equals to total dead ad if: i1 a b... (5) b i 1 The, it is a closed trasport odel (described i this paper). This odel is also kow as stadard or balaced odel. b) If total supply ad dead are differet ad if: i1 a b... (6) b i 1 The, it is a ope trasport odel, also kow as ostadard or ubalaced odel. Trasport cost per coodity uit is usually defied by price atrix, also kow as stadard trasport atrix: А cx B 2. Total quatity of goods delivered at oe destiatio poit B, =1,2,..., fro all startig poits have to be Noveber 2012 ATE Asia-Trasactios 64

3 c11 c12... c1 c21 c22... c2 C... (7) c1 c2... c Price atrix ca also be arked as follows: c C... (7.1) Variables x, which for the solutio, ca also be expressed by atrix: x11 x12... x1 x 21 x x 2 X... (8) x 1 x 2... x This atrix ca also be arked as follows: x X... (8.1) Data used i the odel of trasport task ca be preseted i table: A 1 A 2 TABLE I DATA USED IN THE MODEL OF TRANSPORT TASK I II III c 11 c 12 c 1 x 11 x 12 x 1 c 21 c 22 c 2 x 21 x 22 x A c 1 c 2 c x 1 x 2 x b 1 b 2 b Liitatio syste icludes utually depedet liear equatios. The syste atrix rage is 1. Every possible solutio to trasport proble has copoets, i 1,2,...,, 1,2,...,. I that case, the x solutio is called o-degeerated solutio, if the uber of positive copoets x equals to 1. If the uber of positive copoets a 1 a 2 a x is saller tha 1, the solutio is called degeerated. Data give i trasport task are show i table. The solutio is carried out by series of tables. Each table is a solutio for oe task. Every followig table is a ew, iproved solutio. The procedure stops whe we coe to the table icludig the best, i.e. optial solutio. III. THE SOLUTION OF TRANSPORT PROBLEM USING WINQSB SOFTWARE This exaple shows the usage of WiQSB software tool i solvig trasport proble i order to iiize trasport charges, accordig to prior give paraeters. Exaple: Fid optial pla of trasport goods fro the warehouses A 1, A 2, A 3 i A 4 to stores B 1, B 2, B 3 i B 4. Storehouses have followig quatities of goods: A 1 have 200 coodity uits, A 2 have 150 coodity uits, A 3 have 280 coodity uits, A 4 have 120 coodity uits, The stores dead followig quatities: B 1 deads 300 coodity uits, B 2 deads 170 coodity uits, B 3 deads 50 coodity uits, B 4 deads 230 coodity uits, Trasport charges per coodity uit, give i oey uits, are expressed by followig atrix: C Optiu criterios are iial trasport charges. Data give i the task is writte i the table: A 1 A 2 A 3 A 4 TABLE II DATA GIVEN IN THE TASK B 1 B 2 B 3 B WiQSB software package eables us to eter the data give i the table i the startig applicatio i the sae way, as it is show i figure 2. Noveber 2012 ATE Asia-Trasactios 65

4 Figure 2. Display of the iitial iput paraeters atrix of prices ad available resources Figure 3. Solutio of the proble preseted ozero fields Figure 4. The rage of optial solutios Figure 5. The rage of possible solutios Noveber 2012 ATE Asia-Trasactios 66

5 Figure 6. First iteratio Figure 7. Secod iteratio Noveber 2012 ATE Asia-Trasactios 67

6 Figure 8. Third iteratio Figure 9. Graphic display of solutio Noveber 2012 ATE Asia-Trasactios 68

7 IV. CONCLUSION The ai request i ecooizig trasport charges is achievig a optial relatioship i trasportatio betwee storehouses ad ed users, which ca cause fiacial probles ad udesirable effects o the stability of the process itself. Thus, optiality i trasport is added up to cost reductio as well as to cotiuous work of busiess systes ad eetig arket deads. Optial solutio (the ost ideal calculatio) is a coproise betwee required goal ad give liitatios that affect opportuities for achievig extree solutios. There are ay cases used for solvig give proble. This proble requires great practical kowledge ad tie cosuig processes. Not util coputer techology has bee developed, ethods for solvig probles becae software orieted, extreely efficiet cotributig the developet of optiizatio. This paper gives a review of software solutio used for optiizatio of trasport process. Applyig IT i this field, akes plaig process uch easier, ad it helps achievig priary goals of the copay, ad that is: icreasig beefits ad reducig costs. REFERENCES [1] Dudović, Č., Hess, S.: Uutari trasport i skladištee, Sveučilište u Reci, Poorski fakultet u Reci, Reka, [2] Ferišak, V., Stihović, L.: Nabava i ateralo poslovae, Iforator, Zagreb, [3] Frazelle H.E.: Supply Chai Strategy, The Logistics of Supply Chai Maageet, McGraw-Hill, [4] Ghiai G., Laporte G., Musao R.: Itroductio to Logistics Systes Plaig ad Cotrol, Joh Wiley&Sos Ltd, [5] Heleta, M.: Meadžet kvaliteta, Uiverzitet Sigiduu, Beograd [6] Hitchcock, F. L.: The Distributio of a Product fro Several Sources to Nuerous Localities, [7] Letić, D., Jevtić, V.: Operacioa istraživaa Algoriti i etode, Uiverzitet u Novo Sadu, Tehički fakultet Mihalo Pupi, Zreai, [8] Marković N.: Poslova logistika, CEKOM books, Novi Sad, [9] Patelić, T.: Idustrska logistika, Izdavački cetar za idustrski eadžet plus, Kruševac, [10] Regodić. D.: Logistika, Uiverzitet Sigiduu, Beograd, [11] Segetla Z.: Uvod u poslovu logistiku, Sveučilište J. J. Štrosaera u Oseku, Ekooski fakultet, Osek, [12] Tadić, D., Suković, M., Radoević, G.: Operacioa istraživaa, Izdavački cetar za idustrski eadžet plus, Kruševac, [13] Zeleika, R.: Logistički sustavi, Ekooski fakultet u Reci, Reka, Noveber 2012 ATE Asia-Trasactios 69