ADVENTURE TRAVEL AND LAND USE. Potential. Agreement. Content - Marketing and development initiatives.

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1 Agreement. Content - Marketng and development ntatves Wldlfe Vewng n B.C. Prepared for: Mnstry of Toursm, Rccrcaton and Culm fun& by TDSA Agreement. Content - The Toursm Potental 1988 (3ruse Shp ndustry n B.C. Prepared for: Mmsuy of Toursm, Rmaton, Cultme funded by TDSA Agreement. Content - Pons and Cruse Destnatons, ndusuy development strategy Permanent Statons - Traffc Counts Rpared by: Mnstry of Hghways and Transportaton Content - Summer vs. Wnter hghway aaffc count Potental Prepared by: Wood Bay Consultng Group Lmwd for MacMllan Boedel Lmted Content - Assessment of Toursm Potental 1988 Carmanah Valley Rccreaton and Toursm ADVENTURE TRAVEL AND LAND USE 1988 Adventure Travel n B.C. Prepared by: The Outdoor Recreaton Councl of B.C. Funded by TDSA Agreement. Content - Economc profle of B.C. Adventure Travel Forest and Range Resource Analyss Prepared by: Mnstry of Forests; Strategc Studes Content - Resource nventory 1984 Envronmentally Senstve Arcas - Chapter Two Prepared by: Dr. R.V. Quenet RSE. Content - Methods used to apply E.S.A. classfcaron system. December 1989 Pacfc North Consultng

2 ntroducton Adventure Travel ndustry Growth and Markets Economc mpact of Adventure Travel Huntng Sport Fshng Guest Ranches Wldlfe Vewng Cruse Shp ndustry Campng Regonal mpacts Toursm and Land Use Conclusons Footnotes Bblography Appendx E- 1 Fzure 1 Fgure 2 Fgure 3 Fgure 4 Fgure 5 Fgure 6 Fgure 7 Fgure 8 Fgure 9 Fgure 10 Map

3 ADVENTURE TRAVEL AND LAND USE N BRTSH COLUMBA ntroducton The Toursm ndustry n Brtsh Columba has grown very rapdly for the last 10 to 15 years. Durng the recesson n the early 80's, toursm remaned a growth ndustry. Locaton beng an mportant factor to growth. Brtsh Columba s well stuated to take advantage of the West Coast US. market and s deally located to act as a gateway to the Pacfc Rm markets. As early as 1963 vstors to B.C. stated that "our magnfcent scenc hertage overshado\w every other reason" to vst the provnce. n subsequent surveys tourng and sghtseeng were consdered the popular actvtes by vstors and resdents alke. n the Mnstry of Toursm, buldng on the natural scenery, wlderness. wldlfe and fshng strengths of the provnce, launched a major ad campagn "Super, Natural Brtsh Columba". Ths campagn llustrates the relance on the land base and ts scenc qualty. The complexon of the travel ndustry began to undertake some dramatc shfts. Enerpy shortages followed by world recesson n the early 80s resulted n changes n the tradtonal travel markets. Travellers are seekng more actve, meanngful experences "to learn and acqure new nterests and frends or to mprove ther physcal well-beng."' People xvshng to get away from hectc pressure flled urban envronments are seekng challengng recreatonal experences. devod of tme and pressure or more relaxng. enrchng past tmes. As a result. adventure travel and specalzed tourng actvtes dependent on the natural envronment have become extremely popular world-wde and n partcular North Amerca.

4 ., 7 3 Adventure Travel FGURE 1 There are several defntons of adventure travel. The most concse s "adventure THE DVERSTY OF AUVENTURE PROUUCTS AVALABLEWORLDVDE travel generally takes place n an unusual, exotc, remote or wlderness destnaton and tends to be assocated wth hgh levels of nvolvement. partcpaton and actvty - most of ACTVTY SOF/SAFE EXOTC/RSKY/'ROUGH' t n the outdoors. Adventure travellers expect to experence varyng degrees of rsk and exctement and to be personally tested or stretched n some way; they are explorers of both Yal k Day walks Trekkng/backpackng through the wth overnght country sde campng Expedtons f n Nepal / hgh a1 t tude trekkng an outer world,.e. those unspoled exotc parts of our planet and an nner world of personal challenge. self-percepton and self-mastery."' Although there s an emphass on exctement. the proaucts offered range from soft Canoe/kayak Raftfng Day canoe trps Day-trps on Class rvers Long-dstance canoe trps wth portages Class rvers Rver/sea kayakng Cl'ass V-v rvers to rsky and the element of exctement s very much an ndvdual characterstc (Fgure 1). From ths perspectve actvty and experence range from casual observaton to rsk? partcpaton. CU ture Nature Observaton Vneres of the Temp1,es- Napa Val 1 ey Vstna Tha Whale watchng 10 day cruse off off B.C. coast Galapagos slands Congo Rver adventure stayng wth natve Afrcans Studyng-gor-fFas--lp-~.- -. the Congo Adventure travel encompasses a wde varety of actvtes and experences from downhll skng to rver raftng, hkng or fshng (Fgure 2). n Brtsh Columba adventure Bcyclng Cyclng n the Long-dstance Gulf slands bcycle tourng n the Rockes Cycl ng through vllages of Chna or nda travel ncludes backpackng. hkng, mountaneerng, hel-hkng. nature observaton. salng. boat cruses. bcycle tourng. tral rdng. downhll skng, cross country skng. canoeng. kayakng. rver raftng. scuba dvng. hel-skng and consumptve uses huntng and fshng. Exotlc Transportaton Salng cruses through the nsde Passage, B.C. Hot ar balloonng over the Alps Camel safars n Afrca or dog sleddng n Alaska These actvtes are land and water based. Brtsh Columba has been thrust on the world scene of adventure travel because of the range and dversty of adventure products and because of the perceved untouched Horse Rdng Day trps n Ueek long tral the Rockes rdng and over-,\ nght campng trps n the Rockes... The Australan Outback on horseback clean green natural envronment. Source: Adventure Travel

5 4 FGURE 2 SOBEK'S CLASSFCATON OF ADVENTURE ndustrv Growth and Markets The growth n adventure travel has been expandng n leaps and bounds. t has 5 been the "fastest grmng segment of the U.S. travel ndustry, accountng for 5 to 10 M percent of the $275 bllon that Amercans spent on toursm n 1985."' n Brtsh Columba the early 80's saw mpressve ncreases n rver raftng. kayakng, and skng. Outdoor recreaton became a boomng busness. n the travel survey Vstor '87, vstors to B.C. fve reported trp purpose, 10% came for wlderness or adventure and 28% for an outdoors trp. A further 55% came for a tourng trp whch can be lnked to w the scenery nb.c. Adventure travel ndustry responded to shfts n the market to the pont where over 570 operators are nvolved wth the adventure travel not ncludng. huntng and fshng. Very much adventure travel has been fuelled by the "baby-boomer" need for experence of0 and ther avalable dsposable ncome. The trend wll contnue. Operatons n estmate the annual growth for Brtsh Columba B.C. wll be 521% for the next fve years. hgher than the travel ndustry tself. Al The trend has been to packagng and offerng all encompassng trps whchwould nclude one or more of transportaton. accommodaton. food. and actvtes. t s nterestng to note that the more exclusve and more remote one gets, the more travellers pay for the experence. n partcular. hel-skng and hel-hkng cater to a vet affluent market smply because of the hgh expenses nvolved. The markets for Brtsh Columba has been the provnce's tradtonal travel markets. bascally Alberta. Ontaro, rest of Canada. WashngtonOregon. Calforna. and overseas. However. Adventure Travel s ncreasng n Eastern U.S. markets smply because of the "percepton of our outstandng natural resources."' Source: Advent ur e Travel

6 7 not nclude huntng, fshng or downhll skng. The report went on to estmate a total number of 1,044,OOO clent days (Fgure 3)... The ndustry drectly contrbuted 1610 person years of employment n 1986 wth a wage ncome of $15,000,000. The ndustry purchased an estmated $29 mllon of goods and servces from supplers and the captal nvestment n the ndustry was estmated at $76 mllon n Provncal mpacts on adventure travel drect and total of the estmated 55.7 mllon were as follows: Value added Wage ncome Employment $26.6 mllon $15.6 mllon 1590 jobs $70.0 mllon $46.9 mllon 2810 jobs * drect plus suppler-related consumer spendng mpacts Source: Economc mpacts of the Adventure Travel ndustry n Brtsh Columba t was estmated that the ndustry "generated $9.7 mllon n personal and corporate ncome tax to the provncal and federal governments."6 These fgures were derved from 396 frms that off adventure travel products. contrbutng to the data collecton process. t should be noted that ths does not nclude all the frms operatng n B.C. and t does not nclude the many users both resdent and non resdenthat do not purchase an adventure travel package but prefer to "do-t- themselves". The same study estmated revenue from commercal huntng operatons n : : ' 1986 to be $71 mllon and from fshng operatons to be $57 mllon.

7 FGURE 3 REVENUE AND CLENT BASE OF THE B.C ADVENTURE TRAVEL NDUSTRY Overnght Clents Total Operator Revenue 5 C1 ent- # Day Clent C1 ass' Mllon Number Nghts. C1 ents Days*. ( Hel Sk , ,600 XSk/Sk Tourng ,400 65,300 Mounta neer/backpack 5.9, 5, Horse/Tra 1 R d ng z ,700 22,700 Nature Observaton Scuba O v ng Raftng Kayak/Canoe ng Salng Tours Boat Tours Other Total., ,900 38,000 7, ,100 28, ,700 2,800 17,700 17,500 48,900 18,100 41, ,400..5;400 35, ,800 1, , , , L ,600 85, ,700 1,100 43,000 20,300 60,900 53, ,100 15, ,000.1,044,600 *Number overnght clents plus overnght clent nghts plus number day clents..e., number clents days for an overnght clent S clent-nghts plus one. Source: DPA Consultng Group, Economc mpacts of the Adventure Travel. Sector n Brtsh Columba, Source: Adventure Travel n Brtsh Columba. 8 Huntne Fgures recently released by the Mnstry of Envronment Wldlfe Branch estmal :e to expendtures from drect spendng of resdent and non resdent huntng n 1988 dollars at over $138,000,000. Ths fgure ncludes travel. lcence fees. food, etc. and s based on average daly expendtures from a 1981 survey updated to 1988 dollars and applyng ths to the 1987/88 hunter days. The same paper shows an estmated 1,393 person years of employment for resdent huntng and 522 person years for non resdent huntng. muact of Huntng 1988 Resdents Expendtures by hunters $ ,000 $ Non Resdents years) Employment (person 1, Swrt Fshng Source: Mnstry of Envronment The Department of Fsheres and Oceans estmated - Total $138, the value of fresh water sport fshng nb.c. to have a net economc value of SSS mllon. generatng economc actvty worth $300 mllon and saltwater fshng to be $77 mllon generatng $350 mllon. The fshng product n B.C. s world renowned for ts saltwater and freshwater anglng. The wlderness aspect n many ways s part of the attracton. n 19853GO.l-G freshwater lcenses were purchased: 21% were non resdent to Brtsh Columban anglers and came from all over North Amerca. Non resdents spent fewer days fshng n B.C. than resdents days compared to 17.6 days. Fsheres and Oceans reported a total of nghts were spent on fshng trps by non resdents. Approxmately 12.7% of' 9

8 10 these were spent at fshng lodges or camps and 9.1% were spent at other commercal FGURE 4 accommodatons. n 1985, 332,888 tdal (saltwater) fshng lcences were sold; 72% were resdent, 8% other Canadans. 20% U.S. resdents and 1% overseas vstors. Accordng 10 Fsheres and Oceans, salmon was the predomnant fsh caught. Fshng was the man reason (56%) non - ECONOMC PROFLE OF THE BRTSH COLUMBA FSHNG LODGE/RESORT NDUSTRY Saltwater Freshvater Total : 1 1 resdents came to B.C. to fsh. 'The hvo most mportant facton to ensure a successful fshng trp were scenc surroundngs and the opportunty to catch fsh.d Over nghts were spent on saltwater fshng by non resdent anglers - about 34% more than resdents. 12% were spent n fshng lodges o camps and 16% were spent n commercal accommodaton. From 1984B5 to 1986/87 resdent anglers ncreased 8% whle non resdent ncreased 28%. n 1988 a study of fshng lodges and resorts n B.C was undertaken. n 1987, 135 operatons were surveyed and used to estmate the total economc mpact of a total of 257. The gross revenue from all sources was estmated at $ (Fgure 4). Over 61 mllon was attrbuted to sport fshng; the clent base was determned to be guests and employment at 1310 person year equvalent bass. Wages and salares pad to resdents were estmated to be mllon and $28.5 were purchases from supplers. The study estmated personal and corporate ncome taxes to be $12.1 mllon n 1987 (Fgure 5). Captal expendtures of $38.3 mllon resulted n the followng mpacts: Gross Domestc ProductNalue Added Wage or Labour ncome Employment (person-year equvalent) $34.7 mllon $23.3 mllon 670 Operatons (NO Gross Revenues from All Sources ($ Mllon) Gross Revenues from Sport Fshng (S Mllon) Clent Base Guests ('000) Clent Nghts ('000) Full and Part Tme Employment, by Season: January, Aprl, July, October, Employment: Person-Year Equvalent Basss Accumulated Captal nvestment ($ Mllon) Total 1987 Captal Expendtures (S Mllon) Wages and Salares ($ Mllon) Purchases from Supplers ($ Mllon) N.B. Footnotes are at the end of the chapter. Extrapolated for ndustry unverse from operator sample Our estmates of the gross revenues of the fshng lodge/resort ndustry can be compared wth the revenues of - other outdoor recreaton ndustres. 8.6 cn1lrce: Fshne Lodges and Resorts n Brtsh Columba.

9 - FGURE n a 1988 users' survey undertaken as part of the Fshng Lodges and Resort Survey. the most mportant factor n selectng a fshng lodge resort was naturalhcenc beauty. followed by remoteness of locaton. Provncal Federal G0-T, NCOKE TAX REVENUE Personal Corporate Total ncome ncome ($ Mllon) Tax Tax ($ Mllon) ($ Hllon) _. 8.3 Total Guest Ranches n 1987 a study of guest ranches was undertaken. Guest ranches offerng a western theme nclude experences such as dude ranches, workng cattle ranches or farms or resorts wth good qualty accommodaton and facltes. To be ncluded n the study guest. ranches had to have on-ste accommodaton and horseback rdng. Thrty-four operatons were dentfed and 25 were part of the study. The market for these ranches are prmarly B.C. resdents: however, other Canadans and U.S. vstors account for 21% and 20% of the total market. respectvely. A very hgh Source: Fshng Lodges and Resorts n Brtsh Columba. proporton (14%) of the market s European. n ths segment of the adventure travel market generated an estmated $ from 102,416 vstor nghts of busness (Fgure 6). Total captal nvestment of 634 ranches for 1956 was Employment was estmated at 46 full-tme yeark employees. 96 full-tme seasonal and 36 part-tme employees. The operators ntervewed were very optmstc about the future and foresee good growth potental n the ndustry. Several operatons "have a major concern Cor the protecton of the envronment". They are concernedbver the accessblty and avalablty of Crown Land for tral rdes. Many feel the protecton of the envronment s essental to the success ol ther busness.

10 " 111 FGURE 6 ECONOMCOMPARSON OF BRTSH COLUMBAN GUEST RANCHES: 1986 a T- FULL SERVCE RUSTC TOTAL Surveyed1 xtrapolatedz Surveyed1 xtrapolatedz Extrapolate( 1 UPPLY lumber of Propertes 7 9.' beds/nght lumber \NNUAL VSTOR NGHTS Total. 46,500 48, , , \verage/property " NNUAL GROSS REVENUES Total $1,959,000 4verage/Property. $ CAPTAL,NVESTMENT., $ 2,609;OOO " ,545,600 Wldlfe Vewng A product segment that s just begnnng to floursh n Brtsh Columba s wldlfe vewng. B.C.'s wldlfe vewng resource s descrbed as "exceptonal" and the market nterest n the resource s "tremendous". t s suggested that f the wldlfe vewng product be developed sensble, n an envronmentally senstve manner, B.C. could "enjoy a leadershp poston n the burgeonng wldlfe vewng toursm sector."' Wldlfe vewng appears to be a rapdly ncreasng actvty. Twenty-hro percent of Canadans took specal trps nvolvng wldlfe vewng and 45.5% had encounters wth wldlfe other than huntng. These fgures ncreased proportonately from the 1981 survey by 2% and 1.5%. respectvely. The Mnstry of Envronment estmates the value of non consumptve uses of wldlfe at S584,808,000 n Ths fgure s based on a 1983 survey but presented n 1988 dollars. Employment n non huntng actvtes s estmated at 10,153 person years. The study Adventure Travel n Brtsh Columba 1988 estmated the commercal segment of wldlfe vewng to be $2.5 mllon. A sample of 17 operatons was used to derve ths fgure. The ndustry provded a total of 31,500 user days to yeld the revenue 15 Total $9,026,000 kverage/property $1,290,000 $13, " ,000 stated. The vewns actvtes n B.C. can be carred out all year long whch can potentally TOTAL STAFF Yearly Full-t& 30 Full-tme Seasonal 44 Part-tme 1 Economc data based on telephone survey of 25 guest ranch operators. 2 Economc data extrapolated to nclude the 9 guest ranches not surveyed. 3 Data have not been extradolated. Source: Guest Ranches of Brtsh Columba. " " " expand the tradtonal toursm seasons. The market potental s consdered very good. There appears to be an ncreasng awareness of both wldlfe and the opportuntes avalable. Market projectons outlned n the study Wldlfe Vewne n Brtsh Columba show a potental ncrease of 30% n prmary markets and as much as 90% n secondary markets. The prmary market beng those who specfcally travel for some form of wldlfe actvty (currently estmated at 10.7 mllon vstor days), and secondary beng vstors who are actve but only as part of another trp (estmated at 2.2 mllon persons) (Fgure 7).

11 16 FGURE 7 Cruse Shu ndustry The attracton of cruse shp ndustry on the B.C. coast s based on the scenc 17 beauty of the nsde Passage, Northern B.C.. and Alaska. Whle the ndustry s not Prmary Potental mmedate Wldlfe Vewng 'Markets Summary Secondary Resdent 9.14 mllon 9.6 mllon mllon ' 1.8 mllon vstor days vstor days * persons..persons Nonresdent 1.52 mllon 4.37 mllon 6:s mllon 2.2 mllon persons vstor days days dependant on land as such, t s very much dependent on the scenc ntegrty along the crusng routes and the abundance of wdlfe both marne and land. Currently passengers embarkng from North Amercan ports account for 86% of the passengers n the world. A steady ncrease of over 10% per year has been recorded n ths area. Alaska accounts for 6.7% of the total passengers and s ranked as the fourth most popular destnaton. The Alaska market s "consdered to hae the second greatest growlh potental"" of all current destnatons. B.C. ports sewe as embarkaton ports or ports of call for shps crusng to Alaska. Totals 103 mllon 14 mllon 2.2 mllon vstor days persons days vstor Source: Wldlfe Vewng n Brtsh Columba. 4 mlllon n ,413 passengers were handled n B.C. ports (Fgure 8). Over 77% were of the traffc went through Vancouver. Vctora, Prnce Rupert and Port Hardy were the prmary ports nvolved. Growth has been about 10% per year snce other The prmary markets for the B.C./Alaska Cruses s the Western Unted States. prmarly Calforna (26.1% of the total). The US. n total contrbutes mer 90% of the total number of passengers. The cruse ndustry s expected to grow at a rate of?% per year. One of the strengths on the B.C. ports s the varety of actvtes avalable for passengers. n partcular, fshng, canoeng, hkng, scuba dvng, rver raftng. and horseback rdng. were actvtes mentoned. n addton. the natve hertage and wldlfe resources along the coast are an added draw. Smaller cruse vessels are now offerng these unque experences n ther tnerares.

12 FGURE 8 19 The economc benefts to B.C. accrued from the cruse ndustry are estmated to be between $66.4 and $85.3 mllon (Fgure 9). These revenues are from passenger Vancouver NUMBER OF CRUSE PASSENGERS THAT CALLED AT POQTS N B.C. N 1987 Number o f Passenaers Roundtrp 107,617 One-way Northbound 27,995 One-way Southbound 28,027 Port 'of Call 20,417 Repostonng and Round the World Cruses Sub-Total ' Prnce Rupert Roundtrp One-way No r Lhbound One-way So u thbound Port of Ca 1' 1 Sub-Total Vctora. Port. of Ca 1' Port Hardy Port of Call Total calls made by cruse passengers Less: Passengers that stopped n more than one port of call, Total number of B.C. passengers handled by B.C. ports 2,564 1,775 1, ,ooo 263, expenses and the provson of servces, such as fuel, provsons, port charges, repars and more. The recommended drecton for developng cruses n B.C. waters s 10 utlze the strengths of the unque natve hertage and the rch scenc beauty of the coastal mountans and fjords and the wldlfe and marne Campng anmals. Campng n B.C.s represented n several forms. There s the use of government or publc campgrounds. prvate campgrounds, forest recreaton stes and wlderness or unorganzed campng. The campng segment of the toursm ndustry s a sgnfcant porton of the ndustry but one that has not been accurately quantfed. n the travel survey Vstor '87, 24% of the vstors to the provnce used campground as ther man form of accommodaton. Camper nghts n the provncal campgrounds were as hgh as 2.0 mllon n 1965 down from 2.4 mllon n The reducton was attrbuted to the recesson n the earler So's and the expense of RV use. Add to ths total the prvate sector and unorganzed campng the economc mpact of ths segment n sgnfcant. The campng market s predomnantly B.C. resdents. Campground users n B.C. nclude the tradtonal tourst market areas of Washngton. Oregon, Calforna, Alberta and the rest of Canada. Source: Don Ference.5 Assocates Ltd.

13 20 FGURE 9 ESTMATED ECONOMC BENEFTS OF B.C./ALASKA CRUSE SHP NDUSTRY TO CANADA N 1988 (sooo,ooo's) Recent trends n the campng ndustry are changng the ndustry. Campng resorts are becomng more prevalent. Vstors canow purchase campng stes developments. The use of RV'ss contnung to grow. 21 n newer Servce Related Hah Three market segments are evdent. Bunkerng Provsonng P lotage Moorage, Port Charges and Servces Repars and Mantenance Passenger Handlng Offce and Related Expenses Arports Crew Expense Sub-Total , :4 1.o The more adventuresome wlderness camper. 2 The rustc camper who prefers organzed campng but few servces. 3. The sophstcated camper who wants the organzaton and all the servces from stores. showen and actvtes all n one ste. Unfortunately. the data analyzng campng s scarce. A study revewng the RV and campground sector n B.C. has recently been completed but not released as yet. However, "focus groups" used as part of the study process looked at the motvaton to camp amongst B.C. resdents. Clearly gettng away from the cty to the outdoors was the prmary motvaton for B.C. resdents to go campng. Campng very much was a famly-orented Passenaer Related behavour and appealed to all ages. Campng went hand-n-hand wth other outdoor Use of Canadan Carrers 9.0 Excursons Tours and 1.3 Expendtures General 8.6 Hotel Accommodaton and 3.9 Post Pre and Tours 7.5 Sub-Total _xlt_?. TOTAL ECONOMC BENEFTS s6h AA actvtes such as fshng. boatng, huntng, swmmng and hkng. One mportant fact s campng nb.c. as so many other actvtes. s dependent on land resources. Reeonal maacls n e regonal mpacts n B.C. from adventure toursm are sgnfcant. Frst of all the nature of the ndustry relyng on the toursm products outsde urban areas ncreases the regonal emphass. The regonal mpacts from commercal enterprm u.ere addressed n Source: Cruse Sh? ndustry Development Strategy the 1986 Adventure Travel study. Fgure 10 llustrates the break and jobs by Regon. out of revenue. wages

14 ~ FGURE T 23 Toursm and Land Use TOTAL PROVNCE $59.8 mllon Revenue $70.0 nllon GDP $46.9 mllon Wages Jobs The adventure toursm and outdoor recreaton components are extremely dependant on the qualty of the land resource. Brtsh Columba has used the slogan Super, Natural Brtsh Columba to underscore the adventure travel products wth a great deal of success. However, all toursm n B.C. s dependant on the scenc values and natural beauty of the $1.0 mllon Revenue $3.7 mllon CDP $2.5 mllon Wages 150 Jobs provnce. Sellng toursm s dfferent from sellng other commodtes. n most cases the product s taken to the consumer but n the case of toursm the consumer s taken to the product. Therefore. transportaton to and around the provnce s extremely mportant. n many cases. because of a heavy tourng segment of the travel ndusty. transportaton routes $7.0 mllon GDP $20.1 mllon Revenr. S7.7 mllon GDP T. ~ ~.s $5.1 mllon Wages. n B.C. are as much the product as resorts and attractons. The Toursm Development Strategy produced n of Toursm recognzed the mportance of transportaton and recommended approach along transportaton corrdors utlzng B.C.'s scenc products. the early 1980s for the Mnstry a development They also recognzed the success of toursm depends on access to the product and the consumer L demand for the products. Ho\vever. one of the shortcomngs of ths approach was the fact that the toursm ndustry had no jursdcton over ts resources; therefore was at the merq of those resource mllon CDP 4bO Jobs $7.8 mllon GDP $10.5 mllon 'hevenue $32.8 mllon GS? ~ mllon Wages -. ~ " 1,320 Jobs Source: Scooomc mpacts of Adventure Travel n' Brtsh Columba. c! agences that dd. Currently Crown Lands are controlled by the Mnstry of Forests. However, the Mnstry of Forests s prmarly concerned wth sustann8 tmber producton. The toursm ndustry s as dependent on the land use as are other resource use orented ndustres and perhaps more. For example, a scenc vew shed may stretch for mles and mles across open land or along transportaton corrdors whether t be raftng along a rver. takng part n tral rdes or drvnc n an automoble along a hgh\vay.

15 24 The lack of control over the land base does make t dffcult to pan and develop long range plans for the toursm ndustry. Certanly there are examples of forest ndustry adversty affectng toursm operatons. The resources avalable to the toursm ndustry nclude wlderness areas. rvers for vewng and recreaton, shorelne for vewng and recreaton, travel routes - land and water ncludng scenc vstas. fsheres salt and fresh, wldlfe and ther habtat - land and sea. All these requre the ntegrty of the land resource to attract vstors and all have a demonstrated market appeal whether t be for the resource or a related actvly that utlzes the resource. Land Classcatons t s dffcult to assess the specfc demands on the land base or to predct the type of demand for certan types of forest land whether t be mature tmber or mmature stands. A land classfcaton system was dscussed n the study Towards a Stratew for Natural Resource-Based Toursm prepared for the Mnstry of Toursm. The land was dfferentated nto four basc land zones (see map). 1. Urban 2. Front-countrylntensve 3. Md-country 4. Back-country The dfference between the zones s based on the resources and the level of use. The level of use s generally ted to the degree of access. The Urban Zone s made up of the larger ctes and towns and s readly accessble by all vstors. There s very lttle demand on the provncal land base.

16 26 The Fronttountry s the most ntensve zone of toursm use where most of the servces and nfrastructure are provded. Ths zone s located along major transportaton routes, generally s human altered. Recreaton, attractons and actvtes are readly avalable and are ted to the volume and transportaton. Md-country Zone s utlzed by a lesser number of people. Development s on a smaller scale more n harmony wth the natural envronment. Mass transport s non exstent except by way of secondary or back roads. The potental for land use conflct s hgh n ths zone. The Back-country Zone s the hgh qualty wlderness.areas that are characterzed by hgh cost actvtes such as bg game and fshng, rver raftng, trekkng. tral rdng. sk tourng, mountaneerng. etc. There s an absence of motorzed vehcles and lack of The market potental for adventure travel ndcates contnued growth for many years to come and expanson at rates hgher than the toursm ndustry. B.C. offers a varety of actvtes and opportuntes that are lnked drectly to the qualty of ts natural resources. The unspoled, scenc mage promoted by B.C. puts the provnce at the forefront of adventure travel destnatons. 27 The ablty to delver a qualty experence and enhance the mage wll mprove an already healthy ndustry. nfrastructure. Landscapes have not been altered by man. t s nterestng that the "wlderness represents the ultmate mage of the prstne and qualty Super, Natural Brtsh Columba."" t should be noted thathe defnton of wlderness s an ndvdual percepton. therefore changes from ndvdual to ndvdual. Persons from urban centres wth lttle exposure to the outdoors may consder a provncal park n the Front-country Zone to be wlderness. t s equally mportant. to mantan the vsual land ntegrty for the enjoyment of all vstors to B.C. to sustan a healthy toursm ndustry. no matter what zone t s n. Conclusons The economcontrbuton to the B.C. economy due to adventure travel s sgnfcant. The total mpact s dffcult to determne due to overlap of actvtes. varyng methods of determnng values. and nformaton produced n dfferent tme perods.

17 ~ 29 Bblomaohy D'Amore gl Assocates. Adventure Travel, Potental for Canada Whore et al. Towards a Stratew for Natural Resource-Based Toursm. Mnstry of Toursm Don Ference & Assocates. Cruse Sho ndustrv Develooment Stratew, B.C. Government. DPA Group. Economc moact of the Adventure Travel ndustm n Brtsh Columba DPA Group et al. Fshne Lodees and Resorts n Brtsh Columba. Mnstry of Toursm. Ethos Consultng et al. Wldlfe Vewne n Brtsh Columba. The Toursm Potental. Mnstry of Toursm Flon et al. The moortance of Wldlfe to Canadans n Envronment Canada. Maclaren Plansearch et al. Guest Ranches of Brtsh Columha Product and Market Analvss. Mnstry of Toursm Mnst? of Envronment. The Value and Characterstcs of Non-Resdent Huntns "". ""_ Value and Characterstcs of Resdent Huntnc Renort on Brtsh Columha Survev of Non-Huntne and Other Wldlfe Actvtes for Mnst? of Parks. Carnons? n Brtsh Columba. Recent Trends ""_. Camune ntentons of Brtsh Columba Mnstry of Toursm. Vstor '87. A Travel Survev of Vstors O Brtsh Columba Outdoor Recreaton Councl of Brtsh Columba. Adventure Travel n Brtsh Columba. Volume Two. Mnstry of Toursm Pacfc North Consultng. Toursm Potental of Wreck Dvn?. \lnktry of Economc Development

18 Appendx E-1 Values of Wldlfe (Tables)