AP Art History Name. c. Name 2 types of sculpture produced by these people:

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1 Chapter 18: Native American Cultures before 1300 Chapter 35: Native American Cultures, Vocabulary: Define or identify the following making sure you understand what they mean in discussing. 1. Atlatl 2. Backstrap loom 3. Centzon Huitznahua 4. Chacmool 5. Chicha 6. Coatlicue 7. Codex (Mesoamerica) 8. Coyolxauhqui 9. Effigy mounds 10. Gorget 11. Huitzilopochtli 12. Katsina 13. kiva 14. Mictlantecuhtli 15. Polychrome 16. powwow 17. pre-columbian 18. Pueblo 19. Pulque 20. Quetzalcoatl 21. Raimondi Stele 22. Roof comb 23. Rotulus 24. Sand paintings 25. Slip 26. Superimposition 27. Talud-Tablero Construction 28. Tapestry 29. Tlaltecuhtli 30. Totem pole 31. Tumbaga 32. Xibalba Chapter 18 Questions: Mesoamerica 33. List the Mesoamerican cultures that were concentrated in the following regions: a. Gulf Coast: b. Yucatan, Honduras, and Guatemala: c. Southwest Mexico and Oaxaca: d. Valley of Mexico: 34. Which Mesoamerican culture is often referred to as the mother culture of the region? a. Where was the heartland of this culture? b. What type of architectural structure did they create at La Venta and what was its significance? c. Name 2 types of sculpture produced by these people: 35. What medium was most favored by the artist of the West Mexican areas of Jalisco, Mayharit, and Colima? a. What subjects figured prominently in the art of this region? b. What quality is most characteristic of Colima figures? 36. Where was the ancient city of Teotihuacan located? a. What sort of plan was used to lay out the city? b. What names have been given to the 2 largest pyramids? i. ii. 37. What was found under the Temple of Quetzalcoatl at Teotihuacan and what was its significance? 38. What is the meaning of the streams of water and the human hearts that flank the goddess depicted in fig. 18-7? 39. List 2 important things that were learned about the Maya as a result of the ability to read their glyphs. a. b.

2 40. Briefly describe the structure and style of the Temple of the Great Jaguar at Tikal. 41. What was the ritual meaning of the ball game in Pre-Columbian life? 42. What is thought to have been the purpose of the numerous figurines found on the island of Jaina? 43. What scenes are depicted in the Bonampak murals? (Read the abridged article on the History of Painting at Bonampak from Gardner s Art Through the Ages, 12e) a. List 4 words or phrases that characterize the style of the fresco: i. ii. iii. iv. 44. What does the lintel shown in fig tell us about Mayan religious practices? 45. How does the scene depicted on the painted vase shown in fig compare to the scene from Bonampak (from the handout)? 46. List 3 great cultures that declined sharply at the end of the Classical period ( ). 47. What cultures flourished during the Post Classical period ( )? 48. Describe the form and function of the Caracol at Chichen Itza. 49. What is represented on the four colossal atlantids from Tula, the capitol of the Toltecs? a. List 3 characteristics of their style: i. ii. iii. Intermediate Area and South America 50. What was the purpose of Tairona pendants line those in fig ? Describe their style.

3 51. What sort of carving characterized Chavin sculpture like the Raimondi Stele (fig )? 52. What roles, in addition to providing ordinary clothing, did textiles play in ancient Andean life? 53. What are the Nasca Lines and what explanations have been given for their creation? 54. The Moche were extremely skilled potters. Many of their vessels are distinguished by the characteristic shape of the spout. Describe vessel in fig and sketch this work: 55. Describe the central figure for the Gateway of the Sun at Tiwanaku (fig ). 56. List 2 features that contrast the textiles of the Paracas and Wari: Paracas Wari North America 57. What was the favorite material of Eskimo carvers? List 2 stylistic characteristics of Eskimo art: a) b) 58. What is thought to have been the purpose of most of the Adena and Mississippian art objects that have been found? 59. What group of people was first thought to have created the Serpent Mound (fig )? What changed, and who do scholars now believe is responsible?

4 60. List 2 purposed that have been suggested for the construction of the mount: a) b) 61. List 2 characteristics of prehistoric pottery made by the Mimbres people: a) b) 62. What is most significant about the Cliff Palace at Mesa Verdi (fig )? Read About Geography and Chronological Periods in by Dr. Lauren Chapter 35 Questions: Mesoamerica 63. Who succeeded the Zapotecs at Monte Alban; and, at what art form did they excel? 64. Where did the Aztecs establish their capital and what was it called? Describe the layout of this city identifying what was at the center of the city and what this central item symbolized. South America 65. The capital of the Incan empire was: 66. What was the function of aquipue? 67. Why did the Incas control clothing pattern and style? 68. Describe Incan architecture, identifying the type of architecture they are most famous for producing. 69. What is the major significance of Machu Picchu? 70. How was the Temple of the Sun in Cuzco constructed and decorated? North America 71. Name 2 groups that belong to the Pueblo Indians: 72. Name 2 groups that migrated to the Southwest between 1200 and 1500: 73. What was the purpose of Navajo sand painting?

5 74. What are 3 characteristics of sand painting? 75. List 2 purposes of the masks carved by Northwest Coast artists: a. b. 76. Haida house frontal or totem poles serve as expressions of: 77. What is the function of a Chilkat blanket? Who designed them? Who wore them? 78. List 4 recurrent stylistic characteristics found in objects created by the historic inhabitants of the Northwest Coast: a. b. c. d. 79. What do each of the following elements of the mask shown in fig symbolize? a. Face: b. Hoop: c. Paired Human Hands: d. Rattling appendages: e. White spots: 80. Describe the changes in design and materials that occurred in the arts of the Native American artists of the Great Plains c To what do the pipe, painted buffalo robe, and bear claw necklace shown in Bodmer s portrait of Two Ravens (fig ) refer? 82. Name 2 art forms of Plains Indians that flourished during the so-called reservation period. a. b.