New Perspectives on South-East Europe

Transcription

1 New Perspectives on South-East Europe Series Editors: Spyros Economides, Associate Professor in International Relations and European Politics, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK Kevin Featherstone, Eleftherios Venizelos Professor of Contemporary Greek Studies and Professor of European Politics, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK Sevket Pamuk, Professor of Economics and Economic History, The Ataturk Institute for Modern Turkish History and Department of Economic, Bogaziçi (Bosphorus) University, Turkey Series Advisory Board: Richard Crampton, Emeritus Professor of Eastern European History at St Edmund Hall, University of Oxford Vladimir Gligorov, Staff Economist specialising in Balkan countries, The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, Austria Jacques Rupnik, Senior Research Fellow, Centre d études et de recherches internationales of Sciences Po, France Susan Woodward, Professor, The Graduate Programme in Political Science, The City University of New York, USA South-East Europe presents a compelling agenda: a region that has challenged European identities, values and interests like no other at formative periods of modern history, and is now undergoing a set of complex transitions. It is a region made up of new and old European Union member states, as well as aspiring ones; early democratising states and new post-communist regimes; states undergoing liberalising economic reforms, partially inspired by external forces, whilst coping with their own embedded nationalisms; and states obliged to respond to new and recurring issues of security, identity, well-being, social integration, faith and secularisation. This series examines issues of inheritance and adaptation. The disciplinary reach incorporates politics and international relations, modern history, economics, and political economy and sociology. It links the study of South-East Europe across a number of social sciences to European issues of democratisation and economic reform in the post-transition age. It addresses ideas as well as institutions; policies as well as processes. It will include studies of the domestic and foreign policies of single states, relations between states and peoples in the region, and between the region and beyond. The EU is an obvious reference point for current research on South-East Europe, but this series also highlights the importance of South-East Europe in its eastern context; the Caucuses; the Black Sea and the Middle East. Titles in the series include: Ayhan Aktar, Niyazi Kizilyürek and Umut Özkirimli (editors) NATIONALISM IN THE TROUBLED TRIANGLE Cyprus, Greece and Turkey William Bartlett, Jadranka Bozikov and Bernd Rechel (editors) HEALTH REFORMS IN SOUTH EAST EUROPE

2 Vesna Bojicic-Dzelilovic, James Ker-Lindsay and Denisa Kostovicova (editors) CIVIL SOCIETY AND TRANSITIONS IN THE WESTERN BALKANS Kevin Featherstone, Dimitris Papadimitriou, Argyris Mamarelis, Georgios Niarchos THE LAST OTTOMANS The Muslim Minority of Greece Alexis Heraclides THE GREEK-TURKISH CONFLICT IN THE AEGEAN Imagined Enemies Markus Ketola EUROPEANIZATION AND CIVIL SOCIETY The Impact of the EU Accession Process on Turkish NGOs New Perspectives on South-East Europe Series Standing Order ISBN (hardback) and ISBN (paperback) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and one of the ISBNs quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England.

3 Europeanization of the Western Balkans Environmental Governance in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Serbia Adam Fagan School of Politics and International Relations, Queen Mary University of London, UK and Indraneel Sircar School of Politics and International Relations, Queen Mary University of London, UK

4 Adam Fagan and Indraneel Sircar 2015 Reprint of the original edition 2015 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6 10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act First published 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number , of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave and Macmillan are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

5 Contents Acknowledgements List of Acronyms vi vii Introduction 1 1 Europeanizing Environmental Governance 10 2 The Curious Case of Bosnia-Herzegovina 32 3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Processes in Bosnia-Herzegovina 63 4 From Pariah to Partner? The Case of Serbia 91 5 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Processes in Serbia 126 Conclusion 150 Notes 163 Bibliography 178 Index 191 v

6 Acknowledgements We wish to acknowledge our deep gratitude to the numerous people in Serbia and Bosnia-Herzegovina, as well as in Brussels, who complied with our request for lengthy interviews. In particular, the help of the following was critical for our research: Florian Bieber, Tanja Bjelanović, Tim Clancy, Miodrag Dakić, Frederic Giovannetti, Miodrag Gluščević, Ljubinka Kaluđerović, Goran Kurtović, Kenan Muftić, Vlado Pandurević, Abida Pehlić, Josip Polić, Vladimir Radojičić, Igor Radović, Ozren Runić, Rijad Tikveša, and Henk Visser. The research underpinning this book would not have taken place had it not been for the support of the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC), who provided generous funding for The Environmental Regulation of Foreign Direct Investment in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Serbia: An Assessment of EU and Human Rights Compliance (ECoBHAS) project (award number: AH/E509673/1). We also benefited greatly from the support provided by the School of Politics and International Relations at Queen Mary University of London. vi

7 List of Acronyms BiH Bosnia and Herzegovina CARDS Community Assistance for Reconstruction, Development and Stabilisation Programme CEE Central and Eastern Europe CEKOR Centar za Ekologiju i Održivi Razvoj (Center for Ecology and Sustainable Development), Novi Sad CESD Centre for Sustainable Development, Sarajevo CeSID Centar za Slobodne Izbore i Demokratiju (Center for Free Elections and Democracy) COM Council of Ministers CPV Centar za puteve Vojvodine (Centre for Roads of Vojvodina), Novi Sad CSF Civil Society Facility CSO Civil Society Organization CZZS Centar za Životnu Sredinu (Centre for Environment), Banja Luka DEI Directorate for European Integration DS Demokratska Stranka (Democratic Party), Serbia DSS Demokratska Stranka Srbije (Democratic Party of Serbia) EAP Environmental Action Plan EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EC European Commission ECHR European Court of Human Rights EEB European Environmental Bureau EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIB European Investment Bank EIDHR European Initiative for Democracy and Human Rights EMP Environmental Management Plan ENGO Environmental Non-governmental Organization EU European Union EUFOR EU Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Operation ALTHEA EUPM EU Police Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina EUSR The EU Special Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina FBiH Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina FDI Foreign Direct Investment FMOIT Federal Ministry for Environment and Tourism vii

8 viii List of Acronyms GAC General Affairs Council of the European Union GIS Geographic Information System GTZ Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (Agency for Technical Co-operation) HIP Highway Institute, Belgrade ICTY International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia IFI International Financial Institution IFOR Implementation Force, Bosnia and Herzegovina IMF International Monetary Fund IPA Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance IPTF International Police Task Force ISPA Instrument for Structural Policies for Pre-Accession JNA Jugoslavenska Narodna Armija (Yugoslav National Army) LEAP Local Environmental Action Plan LLC Limited Liability Company MIPD Multi-annual Indicative Planning Document MKT Ministry for Communications and Transport MOFTER Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Relations NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NEPI New Environmental Policy Instrument NGO Non-Governmental Organization NS Nova Srbija (New Serbia) OSCE Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe PADOR Potential Applicant Dated Online Registration PCDP Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan PE Public Enterprise PHARE Poland and Hungary Assistance for the Restructuring of the Economy PIC Peace Implementation Council REC Regional Environmental Center RS Republika Srpska SAA Stabilisation and Association Agreement SAp Stabilisation and Association Process SAPARD Special Accession Programme for Agriculture and Rural Development SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment SEE South-East Europe SFOR Stabilization Force, Bosnia and Herzegovina SIDA Swedish International Development Agency SNSD Savez Nezavisnih Socijaldemokrata (Alliance of Independent Social Democrats)

9 List of Acronyms ix SOG Savez Opština i Gradova (Association of Municipalities and Cities) SPS Socijalistička Partija Srbije (Socialist Party of Serbia) SRS Srpska Radikalna Stranka (Serbian Radical Party) TACSO Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme USAID United States Agency for International Development