DGAC, the French Civil Aviation Authority

Transcription

1 DGAC, the French Civil Aviation Authority Ministry of ecology, sustainable Development and Energy

2 French Civil Aviation Authority organisation chart Minister French Minister for Transports, Sea and Fisheries General Council for the Environment and Sustainable Development Interministerial Commissioner for Sustainable Development General Inspectorate for Maritime Affairs secrétary general for the Sea General Secretariat General Commissariat for Sustainable Development Directorate General for Energy and Climate Directorate General for Civil Aviation Directorate General for Infrastructure, Transport and the Sea Commission for Road Safety and Road Traffic Directorate General for Development, Housing and the Countryside Directorate General for Risk Prevention French Civil Aviation Authority (DGAC) Air transport gendarmerie General STRIEBIG Flight control organisation Thierry BOUCHEZ Director general Patrick GANDIL Deputy Paul Schwach Staff cabinet Odile CHÉREL Light, general and helicopter aviation service Maxime COFFIN directorate for air transport Paul SCHWACH directorate for civil aviation safety Florence ROUSSE directorate for air navigation services Maurice GEORGES General secretariat Francis MASSE Civil aviation technical department Marie-Claire DISSLER technical and innovation directorate Pascal PLANCHON National school of civil aviation Marc HOUALLA 9 metropolitan interregional directorates DSAC West Indies-French Guiana DSAC Indian ocean operations directorate éric BRUNEAU Airport taxes management department Christian SOLER SEAC French Polynesia DAC New Caledonia SEAC Wallis and Futuna 4 CRNA area control centres, 9 metropolitan airports regional structures (SNA), SNA West Indies-French Guiana, SNA Indian ocean, CESNAC (central air navigation systems operations centre), SIA (aeronautical information services department, SAC Saint-Pierre and Miquelon) National airport engineering department Alain LASLAZ Modernisation and ITdepartment Jean-Pierre Desbenoit Ministry of ecology, sustainable Development and Energy

3 Role DGAC, the French Civil Aviation Authority (DGAC) is responsible for ensuring the safety and security of French air transport, as well as maintaining a balance between development and environmental protection. On one hand it is a regulatory authority, but it also supervises safety, provides air navigation services and training and it is a partner of key players in the aeronautics industry. It is in charge of financial aid for research in aircraft construction and State industrial policy in this sector. In charge of safety and security Maintaining high safety and security standards in the air transport sector is one of the DGAC s constant concerns. It is in charge of monitoring industrial players, operators and flight crew. Market regulator The DGAC plays an active role in economic and social affairs. It acts as France s air transport regulator. It is the key representative of airline companies, airports and their customers. Preventive measures to protect the environment The DGAC takes action to reduce pollution, especially noise and air pollution, generated by air transport. It is involved in minimising pollution and maintains dialogue with local elected officials and the representatives of residents which live in proximity to airports. Service provider The DGAC provides services for airline companies and general aviation. It provides air traffic services, through its en-route control centres and air traffic control towers. Partner of the aeronautics industry As a partner of industrial manufacturers and operators, the DGAC closely monitors activity in the aeronautics industry. It implements a policy designed to support this key sector in the French economy thanks to research subsidies and repayable advances. At the heart of international action The environment of civil aviation is highly international and European. The DGAC is involved in defining and defending France s position within the international bodies. It plays an active role in constructing the Single European Sky. This project aims at harmonising air traffic management across the whole Europe with a view to improving safety, while reducing costs, delays and CO 2 emissions. 3

4 French Civil Aviation Authority safety Safety Ensuring the very highest safety standards Safety is supported by three pillars: the certification, approval and control procedures, the measures taken by stakeholders at the DGAC s request, and the safe air traffic flow. Without safety, we would lose the trust of users and the public and it would be impossible to develop air transport. Safety is the top priority of all the DGAC departments. Its three main directorates are tasked with responsibility in this area: the Air Navigation Services Directorate (DSNA), the Air Transport Directorate (DTA) within the framework of the Single European Sky, and the Civil Aviation Safety Directorate (DSAC) in the area of certification and supervision of air transport operators based on a european regulation. Air traffic Safe air traffic flow Within the Air Navigation Services Directorate (DSNA), 7,896 people provide air traffic services for civil aircraft, as well as related services: communications, navigation, monitoring and aeronautical information. The DSNA thus ensures that the air traffic flows smoothly in the airspace over which it has responsibility, which includes overseas air space, making the application of the highest safety standards its priority. This mission is accomplished seeking a balance between the protect on of the environment, the compliance and the cost-efficiency. 2.9 million flights were controlled in The air safety chain The Operations Directorate (DO) controls air traffic. It provides air traffic services (control, flight information and alerts) through five enroute control centres (CRNA) and eleven air navigation services (SNA), to which airport control towers belong to. The DO also manages the aeronautical information that is essential for flight safety. It performs this task through two departments that are report to it: the Aeronautic Information Department (SIA), which produces and circulates aeronautics information, and the Operation Centre for Central Aeronautical Navigation Systems (CESNAC), which centralises flight plan processing. Specific resources To accomplish its tasks, the DSNA has operational communication, navigation and monitoring systems as defined and implemented by the Technical and Innovation Directorate (DTI). The Flight Control Organisation Reporting to the DGAC s General Director, the Flight Control Organisation (OCV) involves 12 pilots-in command who are accredited inspectors (11 aircraft pilots and 1 helicopter pilot). These pilots are on part-time assignment from the airlines they work for. They bring to the DGAC all their knowledge of the operational world in order to improve flight safety. The OCV acts as advisor and expert of the General Director and the DGAC departments. The OCV carries out surprise controls on air carriers during flights and at flight schools on the ground, and then submits its reports to the DSAC. It is involved at the launch of new airlines or new aircraft by an operator. In 2011, the OCV carried out 249 flight controls. Ministry of ecology, sustainable Development and Energy

5 Air navigation regulations The Air Transport Directorate (DTA) defines the national safety rules required by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) in addition to the rules established by the Single European Sky. It takes decisions regarding air space organisation, in touch with the French Ministry of Defence. Certification and supervision The Civil Aviation Safety Directorate (DSAC) is the key player in safety. Its task is to ensure safety for everyone involved in air transport. It is in charge of monitoring the application of the regulations, which are primarily developed by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). Air navigation As the national oversight authority, the DSAC certifies and controls the organisation and the content of the personnel training programmes. It grants approval to air traffic controller training bodies as well as the Community air traffic controller licence. Its monitoring activities also include the procedures and systems used by air navigation service providers, including the DSNA. Airports The DSAC certifies aerodromes, which must implement a safety management system, in compliance with the new relative international requirements (as decreed by the International Civil Aviation Organisation). It certifies infrastructures, such as aerodrome runways, visual aids, ground-based navigation and communication facilities. Airlines France has 122 airline operators. The DSAC grants technical licences authorising French airlines to operate their aircraft. It checks the strict compliance with the regulations relative to the use of their aircraft and helicopters. It carries out surprise inspections of aircraft at French airports, including foreign aircraft. It checks that they comply with ICAO and European Union requirements. Aircraft The DSAC monitors aircraft construction and maintenance, in application of European regulations. It is in charge of granting approval of maintenance organisations, aircraft airworthiness certificates and mechanic s licences for France. It outsources this task to an external service provider. In France, around 13,085 aircraft had a valid airworthiness certificate in 2011, 810 of which were public transport aircraft. Flight crew The DSAC certifies and supervises training bodies. It approves their training programmes and organises exams. It also issues flight crew licences and ratings. Ratings are endorsements of the specific conditions (visual flight or instrument ratings) and privileges (types of aircraft) pertaining to the licence. Light, general and helicopter aviation service (MALGH) The DGAC is developing its services to private users, i.e. private or commercial light aviation, corporate aviation and helicopter operators. The light, general and helicopter aviation service (MALGH) advises the DGAC s Director- General. It reports directly to him and, in his name, ensures the implementation of public policy in this sector. The MALGH is a special point of contact for users and their representative associations. It identifies the most suitable representatives to deal with their specific issues within the DGAC. It coordinates the way in which their requests are dealt with, with a view to providing a reasonably speedy response. French airports in aerodromes 163 million passengers, 5

6 French Civil Aviation Authority security Security Protecting air transport from malicious acts Security consists in protecting civil aviation against malicious acts, especially terrorist acts. Constant vigilance Within the framework of European regulations, the DGAC coordinates air transport security policy across France and ensures its implementation by the operators and State departments to which it applies. These tasks are the responsibility of the Air Transport Directorate (DTA) and the Civil Aviation Safety Directorate (DSAC), supported by experts at the Civil Aviation Technical Department (STAC). Constantly adapting to deal with risks and threats Security regulations have been consistently tightened over the last few years. The DTA is currently carrying out a review of the regulations applicable in this area, seeking a balance between effective prevention of criminal and terrorist acts and maintaining smooth passenger traffic flow. The DTA is ligning up French regulations with European standards and international recommendations, ensuring a high-level protection adapted to the needs. Such adjustments to the regulations have resulted in tighter overall surveillance involving State departments and air transport companies. Supervising a range of different players The DSAC appraises security programmes, grants approval and supervises the various operators involved in security, mainly including air transport companies, aerodrome operators, freight operators and the suppliers of the goods that one placed on board of aircraft or used at airports. It ensures that the training provided to the officers in charge of implementing security measures complies with European standards. It regularly audits airports to ensure that security measures are effective. STAC s expertise The Civil Aviation Technical Department (STAC) carries out studies and expert appraisals. It encourages innovation and spreads technical knowledge in areas of strategic importance for aviation. On behalf of the DTA, it works on the characterisation of security threats and, in laboratories and at airports, assesses the effectiveness of new technologies in dealing with such threats. It carries out research on the environmental impact of air transport with a view to minimising it. The DSAC uses its skills for the certification of safety and security equipment, and also the certification of airports and air navigation service providers. At last, it develops runway design and operating methods. What is the difference between security and safety? Security is related to protecting people, freight, facilities and equipment against malicious, criminal or terrorist acts. Safety, on the other hand, implies compliance with aircraft and facility operating rules by the personnel responsible for them. Ministry of ecology, sustainable Development and Energy

7 Economy Supporting development in the sector The DGAC represents airlines, airports, air transport employees and passengers with regard to economic, legal and social matters. The Air Transport Directorate (DTA) draws up public air transport policy. It defines the development framework for all the stakeholders. Promoting long-term development Forecasting Without extensive knowledge of key economic factors, the DGAC would be unable to assume its role as regulator. For this reason, the DTA carries out forecasts regarding the key factors relative to development in the sector, based on market intelligence, surveys and economic research. Support for companies The DTA monitors the economic and legal capabilities of French companies and issues air operator s certificates to them. It assists companies based in France in defending their international interests and takes part in defining european air transport policy. It also contributes to financing certain air routes considered essential to regional policy. Modernising airports The DTA is leading change in the airport management system. It ensures that airport operators provide a service that meets the airlines requirements and sustains airport development, in accordance with air transport requirements. Protecting employees and passengers Social dialogue The DTA is in charge of all social issues related to civil aviation personnel. It is the negotiation partner labour and management unions in the sector. Passenger rights The DTA ensures that the rights of air passengers are upheld and is concerned to extend them, particularly at an international level. It is involved in conceiving the rules on facilitation, aimed at simplifying passenger travel (biometric passports, automated check-in procedure). Every year, the DTA receives and deals with around 4,000 complaints from users who are not satisfied with the responses given by airlines. Complaints relate to luggage, reimbursement and assistance for passengers. Any airline that fails to respect passenger rights is fined. Support for industry The DTA proposes and implements the State policy regarding the support provide at the aeronautics industry to deal with global challenges. This policy is aimed at promoting the design of competitive aircraft with improved environmental performance (lower noise and air pollution), making possible to the sustainable development of air transport. Economic weight of French players in the sector in 2009 The air transport and aeronautics sector accounts for 2% of GDP. air transport: 23.6 airports: 3.6 industry: 36.8 Turnover in billions of euros Air France-KLM is the leading European airline in terms of passengers carried per kilometre and the second largest in the world in terms of freight carried per kilometre. 7

8 French Civil Aviation Authority Environment Environment Reducing all forms of pollution The DGAC s sustainable development strategy for air transport is based around three main priorities: ensuring that aviation re-focuses on its most pertinent objectives, combating climate change, and reducing all local pollution related to air transport, especially night noise. The DTA s central role and the DSNA s responsibility for the environment Prevention The Air Transport Directorate (DTA) and the Air Navigation Services Directorate (DSNA) are stepping up their efforts to prevent local populations from being exposed to noise and pollution: studies on the impact of air traffic, noise measurement campaigns, specific mappings (noise maps, noise exposure maps, noise disturbance maps), sustainable development charters, support for environmental research, subsidies for sound-proofing homes, etc. The DTA draws up the regulations in this area. Controls and sanctions The DGAC keeps night-time air traffic to a minimum and prohibits the noisiest aircraft from using certain airports. It also ensures that the airlines comply with environmental regulations. In the event of a proven violation, ACNUSA (the French authority responsible for airport noise pollution control) issues fines. surveys on environmental challenges for the air transport sector, as well as news updates on air traffic in the Île-de-France region, intended for the general public. European and international cooperation on environment issues The CO 2 emissions trading scheme. An european directive in 2008 has included aviation activities in the trading scheme relative to greenhouse gas emission allowances. This scheme will apply from 2012 to all flights departing from or landing in the European Union. It will impose on the sector a threshold of emissions 3% lower than the emissions produced in 2005 (average volume of emissions over the period ) and, as of 2013, a threshold of 5% lower than AIRE: initiative to reduce air emissions In 2007, the European Commission and the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) set up the AIRE - Atlantic Initiative to Reduce Emissions - partnership. Its purpose is to find common initiatives to protect the environment: better traffic management interoperability, greater energy efficiency, reduced greenhouse gas and noise emissions. Listening to the public For many years, the DGAC has encouraged transparency and developed specific resources to deal with any questions from the public. It provides people living near airports with information on flight paths and overflight conditions. It publishes Ministry of ecology, sustainable Development and Energy

9 Initiatives resulting from France s Environment Round Table France s Civil aviation research council (CORAC) In July 2008, immediately after the Environment Round Table, France set up the Civil aviation research council (CORAC). Based on the same model as the Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe (ACARE), it brings together all the French players in the sector (airlines, constructors, airports, etc.). On 28 January 2008, they made some major environmental commitments for 2020: a 50% reduction in CO 2 emissions produced by air transport, an 80% reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions and a 50% reduction in perceived noise levels. The CORAC defines and implements research and innovation initiatives that will help achieve these objectives. Continuous descent approach In line with the guidelines resulting from the Environment round Table, the DSNA implements a series of operational practices that contribute to the environmental and economic efficiency of air traffic. Continuous descent approach is part of these such practices. Thanks to a smooth constant-angle descent with low engine speed, this procedure makes it possible to reduce noise levels and gas emissions and to save fuel. Improved domestic air traffic The DSNA implements air traffic management procedures designed to reduce its noise impact and make it more environment-friendly (plotting aircraft arrival altitude and continuous descent approach procedures). Domestic air transport produces 1.2 % of all CO 2 emissions in France. Every year, the DGAC publishes an Environment report, available on the Ministry s website: gouv.fr 9

10 French Civil Aviation Authority Europe and international Europe and international Coordinating international action The DGAC is involved in defining France s position within the major international organisations and promotes the expertise of French enterprises at international level. The DGAC: an international role Close involvement European regulations cover all areas of activity in which the DGAC is involved. The DGAC thus plays an active role in all European programmes. The Air Transport Directorate (DTA) coordinates the DGAC s work in this area. It is also involved in the work of European and international organisations, including the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), Eurocontrol, the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC). Promoting French expertise As part of its role in improving air transport safety, the DTA leads and coordinates cooperation with foreign authorities upon request as well as technical assistance. This involves negotiating technical cooperation agreements that define the framework of its international action. The DTA also promotes French and European expertise on behalf of the entire aeronautical construction and civil aviation industry, through its support of export projects. The Functional Airspace Block Europe Central (FABEC) Essential components of developing the Single European Sky, the purpose of functional airspace blocks (FAB) is to reorganise air traffic control according solely to traffic flow, without considering in national borders. Thanks to these blocks, routes will be shorter and their capacity increased. This will save money and reduce pollution and CO 2 emissions. The Functional Airspace Block Europe Central (FABEC) project involves six nations (Germany, Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Switzerland) and accounts for 55% of European air traffic. Ministry of ecology, sustainable Development and Energy

11 Resources and training Professions and skills to support the DGAC s activities In accomplishing its tasks, the DGAC counts on a broad range of professional skills, a budget related to air transport activity and a General Secretariat. Coordinating support services The General Secretariat provides a cross-cutting service for all the main Directorate support services: human resources management, financial affairs, legal affairs and modernisation management. A broad range of expertise The DGAC s activities require a variety of expertise and a high level of professionalism. Engineers, technicians, flight crew, administrative staff and workers specialising in many different areas together form a solid base of unparalleled skills. The General Secretariat defines the rules relative to staffing and coordinates staff mobility to optimise the services given to all the partners. It arranges bridges between the directorates to ensure their expertise can be shared by everyone. Aviation personnel training The DGAC stands as guarantor of the quality of aviation training. It oversees its smooth running. Determined to maintain an effective training tool at the DGAC s service, the State has incorporated aviation training into a specially dedicated programme, as part of its air traffic control and operations duties. This fundamental duty is performed by ENAC, the École nationale de l aviation civile (National School of Civil Aviation), which has merged with SEFA, the Service d exploitation de la formation aéronautique (DGAC Aeronautical Training Department) in Two funding resources The General Secretariat coordinates and reports on drawing up and implementing the budget, in touch with the various programme managers. The Supplementary budget, financed through fees and taxes, pays for air navigation services, civil aviation safety and training. The general State budget covers the DGAC s state administration activities as well as research and development initiatives in the field of aeronautics. ENAC, École nationale de l aviation civile The new ENAC has 2,000 students (including 400 in China) who are following twenty-five different training programmes. The school also has 7,500 trainees following one of the 600 continuous training courses held each year and 400 teachers. Its budget is nearly 135 million euro, and ENAC employs 950 civil servants at ten different sites: Carcassonne, Castelnaudary, Toulouse, Muret, Montpellier, Grenoble, Biscarrosse, Saint-Auban, Saint-Yan and Melun. ENAC s teaching resources reflect its ambitions regarding technical excellence: new facilities include air traffic control simulators, flight simulators, a fleet of 130 aircraft, forty hectares of grounds and four research laboratories. 11

12 Parution : septembre Mise à jour juillet 2012 Réf : DICOM-DGAC/PLA/ Conception graphique et réalisation : MEDDE/SG/DICOM/DIE Crédits photos : couv : Airbus, Aéroports de Paris, Romain Corraze, DR, ONERA, STAC/Paul Marais-Hayer, STAC/Véronique Paul, STAC/ Alexandre Paringaux, Shutterstock, STAC/Gabrielle Voinot, p 3 : STAC/Alexandre Paringaux (col. centre haut), STAC/Véronique Paul (col. gauche haut, bas, col. centre bas) p 4 : STAC/Véronique Paul / p 5 : STAC/Nicolas Letellier p 6 : STAC/ François Darbé / p 7 : STAC/Véronique Paul p 8 : ADP / p 9 : STAC/Véronique Paul / p 10 : STAC/Gabrielle Voinot p 11 : STAC/Xavier Lambours (haut) - STAC/Véronique Paul (bas) Reprographie : reprographie DGAC septembre 2012 Ministère de l Écologie, du Développement durable et de l Énergie Direction générale de l Aviation civile 50 rue Henry Farman Paris cedex 15 Tél :