COLOMBIAN NATIONAL POLICE CRIME REPORT

Transcription

1 Crime Report COLOMBIAN NATIONAL POLICE CRIME REPORT 1

2 Crime Report INDEX Presentation 3 Page Social Impact Offenses 4 I. Homicides 5 II. Traffic fatalities 9 III. Personal injuries 12 IV. Traffic injuries 15 V. Thefts 17 VI. Motor-vehicle thefts 2 VII. Commercial cargo theft 23 VIII. Kidnappings 24 IX. Massive kidnappings 26 X. Extortion 27 XI. Terrorist actions 28 XII. Subversive actions 31 Colombian National Police Operational Achievements 33 I. Arrests related to all crimes 34 II. Recovered and seized merchandise 35 III. Recovered Motor-vehicles 35 IV. Illicit drugs seizures 37 V. Expropriation 38 Changes in the criminality composition 39 Conclusions 41 2

3 Crime Report PRESENTATION Colombian National Police (CNP) is glad to present to the national and international opinion this annual comparative report, which contains criminal statistics regarding all offenses having social impact nationwide, as well as the most significant achievements reached by CNP during, compared to 24 figures. The information contained in this report contributes to identify the basic characteristics of crime such as trends, volume, rates, most affected zones and victims among other variables, in order to analyze them and advice for making better decisions that involve preventing and controlling activities whose aim is to reduce crime and violence, and to reduce incentives for criminal acts. It is also oriented to contribute to the entrepreneurs, for them to know a real Colombian and current situation, supplying them useful information that could provide economic growth in our country. The first part of the study is related to offenses having social impact, which includes the analysis of twelve different types of offenses and their variables. The second part is focused in the operative achievements reached by CNP, including items such as arrests for all crimes, recovered and seized merchandise, drugs and cars, as well as information about expropriation, as a result of the government s struggle against illicit drugs. All the efforts of the CNP are oriented to guarantee dignified life conditions and a peaceful coexistence among citizens, aims that are difficult to reach, if there is prevalence of domestic and social violence in the country, which represents a major obstacle to economic and social development, as it hinders growth, aggravates poverty, generates a climate of fear among citizens and presents difficult challenges for democratic governance and peaceful coexistence in our country. We recognize the huge contribution of the Military Forces, citizens, and the industrial groups that in a progressive way have bonded to the fight against crime, through several actions that support and complement CNP efforts carried out to control delinquency, with the true conviction that just through this joint and coordinated effort, Colombians are going to eventually have the country we have envisioned. The Colombian National Police confirms its commitment with the country in order to consolidate safer environments, where social and economic sustainable development is possible. Brigadier General OSCAR ADOLFO NARANJO TRUJILLO Judicial Police Director CNP 3

4 Crime Report SOCIAL IMPACT OFFENSES OFFENSE YEAR VARIATION DAILY AVERAGE RATE PER 1. INHABITANTS 24 ABSOLUTE % MURDERS % ,44 36,53 HOMICIDE POLICE KILLED OFFICERS CRIMINALS KILLED IN ACTION % 1 1,41, % 3 3 2,77 2,27 TOTAL % ,62 39,33 MASSIVE MURDERS CASES %,1,1 VICTIMS % 1 1,58,55 TRAFFIC FATALITIES % ,95 8,45 PERSONAL INJURIES % ,83 66, TRAFFIC INJURIES % ,6 21,84 BURGLARY % ,7 32,9 THEFT COMMERCIAL % ,75 29,37 PERSONAL % ,17 89,51 TOTAL % ,62 15,97 AUTO THEFT % ,4 21,62 MOTOR-VEHICLE THEFT MOTORCYCLES % ,56 19,56 TOTAL % ,96 41,18 COMMERCIAL CARGO THEFT % 3 2 2,5 1,55 BANK ROBBERY %,22,2 KIDNAPPING % 4 2 3,18 1,74 MASSIVE KIDNAPPING CASES %,14,6 VICTIMS % 1,66,25 EXTORTION % 6 5 5,19 3,78 TERRORIST ACTIONS % 2 2 1,6 1,33 SUBVERSIVE ACTIONS % 1 1,48,42 TOTAL SOCIAL IMPACT OFFENSES % ,75 336,78 4

5 Crime Report I. HOMICIDES 4. Homicides (1986-) National volume, trends and rates. Total Homicides Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24= 2,21 = 18,111 In, occurrences of this offense decreased 1% compared with the 24 number, down from 2.21 to offenses, which means 2.99 fewer homicides. The data also showed a decline in the rate per 1. inhabitants, falling from 45 in 24 to 39 in. 5

6 Crime Report When looking at each month individually, May and December showed the highest peaks with and 1.63 cases, while February showed the lowest one. Besides, 189 police officers were killed while on duty during, which means 66 more than in Total Homicides Most affected zones per frequency Homicides Valle M. Cali M. Bogotá The data showed a significant 37% decrease while comparing to the 22 data, falling from homicides in 22, to cases in. Although the Valle province and Metropolitan Areas (M) of Cali and Bogotá were the most affected zones during, with 1.786, and homicides respectively, the data showed a reduction in the total number of homicides in Valle province and the Metropolitan Area of Cali, when comparing it with 24. The most significant drop was reported in the Metropolitan area of Cali (26%), falling from 2.42 cases to 1.774, which means 628 lesser homicides. 6

7 Crime Report Most affected zones (1, inhabitants rate) Homicides Putumayo Guaviare Arauca During Putumayo province was the most affected zone according to the rate per 1. inhabitants with 17 victims, 4 more than those in the previous year, followed by Guaviare province with 11 victims and Arauca province which showed a decrease of 32% while comparing with the 24, falling from 142 to 96 cases. 81% Types of Weapons Used Fire Knives or cutting instruments Others 4% 14% During the year, 81% of the homicides were committed with firearms and 14% with knives or cutting instruments; the remaining 5% of the offenses were committed with other weapons such as clubs, blunt objects, among others. 7

8 Crime Report According to the graphs on the previous page, the data showed that 92% of the homicides corresponded to male victims and 8% to female victims, the same proportion that was reported during 24. In absolute terms, this equals to female victims and male victims in. While comparing data to 24, there was a reduction of male victims and there were 137 fewer female victims during the year. Homicides classified by Gender Female Male Unknown Unknown 24: 28 : 11 Classifying by age, the largest amount of homicides during corresponded to people whose age was rated from 18 to 25, which equals to 31% or 5.63 offenses. The second place was found on people whose age was rated from 26 to 34, which equals to 28%. The fewest number of homicides was reported on population under 18 years old, which corresponded to 5% or 923 cases. Homicides classified by age 12% 3% 5% 21% 31% Under 18 From 18 to 25 From 26 to 34 From 35 to 45 Over 46 Unknown 28% The figures reported in this chart show that in, 34% of the offenses occurred from 6: p.m. until midnight, with a total of 6.89 cases, repeating the same pattern that occurred in the previous year. The least amount of homicides took place from midnight 8

9 Crime Report until 6: a.m. with 19% or 3.57 cases in which equals to 2 fewer cases than those occurred in 24. Homicides Classiffied by hour of occurence 25% 34% % 19% II. TRAFFIC FATALITIES National volume, trends and rates Total Traffic Fatalities Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24 = 4,54 = 3,889 According to reports, this crime recorded a decline of 4% falling from 4.54 cases during 24 to cases during the same period in. That is to say, the daily national average of occurrences amounts to 11 cases during, one case less than the ones occurred in 24. 9

10 Crime Report February recorded the lowest figures of this crime with 249 cases, while December was the most affected month during, with 394 offenses. Traffic Fatalities - Most affected zones M. Bogotá M. Cali Valle Nariño During, the Metropolitan Area of Bogotá reported the largest amount of fatalities as a consequence of traffic accidents, with 494 cases, followed by the M.A of Cali and the provinces of Valle and Nariño with 373, 262 and 211 deaths, respectively. Though, Bogotá reported the largest amount of Traffic Fatalities in, while comparing this number with the occurrences of this offense in 24, there was a favorable decrease of 22%, which equals to 136 lesser cases. Traffic Fatalities by Type of Motor-Vehicle 47% Vehicle Motorcycle Unknown 1% 43% According to reports, 43% of the Traffic Fatalities were caused by vehicles, which equals to cases, while 1% corresponded to accidents involving motorcycles. 47% of the cases did not specify the type of accident that caused the death. 1

11 Crime Report 4. Traffic Fatalities by gender Female Male Analyzing the information by gender, the statistics reported that 79% of these deaths corresponded to male victims, which equals to 3.53 cases and 21% (832) corresponded to female victims. Comparing with 24, there was a reduction of 3% in the number of male victims which equals to 14 fewer victims and a reduction of 7% in the number of female victims which equals to 6 fewer cases. Traffic Fatalities by day 2% 14% 1% Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 21% 12% 11% 11% Saturday Sunday During, Saturday and Sunday recorded the highest percentage of occurrence, with a participation of 21% and 2%, which equals to 835 and 775 deaths, respectively. 11

12 Crime Report The figures reported in this chart show that most of the traffic fatalities took place from midday to 6: pm in as well as in 24. On the other hand, the fewest number of deaths occurred from midnight to 6: am, since there is not too much traffic during that time. Traffic Fatalities by hour of occurence 26% 33% 17% % III. PERSONAL INJURIES National volume, trends and rates Personal Injuries Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24 = 32,535 = 3,389 Personal Injuries showed a decreasing trend when comparing 24 with. This decrease was of cases corresponding to 7%, falling from cases in 24 to cases in. When looking at each month individually in, October and December reported the highest peaks, with and cases respectively. The daily average was 83 which equal to 6 fewer wounds than the previous year, and 66 per every 1. inhabitants. 12 7%

13 Crime Report Most affected zones M. Bogotá Santander Caldas The most affected zones by this offense during were the Metropolitan Area of Bogotá with cases and 22% of participation, Santander province with cases and 8% of participation and Caldas province with 1.91 cases. Despite the fact of being the most affected areas by this crime during, Bogotá and Santander province reported and 642 fewer cases respectively, than those occurred during the previous year. 3% Personal injuries - motives 47% Murder for Hire Assault Personal Vengeance Quarrels Family Problems Others 7% 2% 11% 3% During the main motives that prompted these crimes were quarrels and personal vengeances, with a participation of 47% or cases and 31% or cases, respectively. While comparing the data to 24, there was a significant increase of 53% in the Personal Injuries that occurred as a result of personal vengeances, 13

14 Crime Report increasing from 6.14 cases in 24 to cases in. Types of weapon used 3% 42% Fire arms Knives or cutting instruments Clubs, blunt objects Others 21% 7% In contrast to Homicides, in which most of the offenses were committed with firearms, in this offense, the most common weapons used to commit the crime during, were clubs and blunt objects, with a participation of 42% and cases, repeating the same pattern of 24. In second place, the statistics reported the use of knives or cutting instruments with a participation of 3%. The use of firearms in this crime reported a decrease of 19% when comparing with 24 data, falling from cases in 24 to cases during the previous year. 22% Personal injuries by hour of occurence 24% % 32% During the highest percentage of Personal Injuries occurred from 6: p.m. till midnight, with a participation of 32% and cases, the same situation that took place in 24, when 33% of the Personal Injuries occurred in that interval of time. When comparing the data to 24, the occurrences of this offense from midnight to 6: a.m. decreased 16% which equals to fewer cases. 14

15 Crime Report Personal injuries by day 26% 14% 1% Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 1% 17% 12% 11% During, Saturday and Sunday recorded the highest percentage of occurrence, with a participation of 19% and 25%, which equals to 5.71 and cases, respectively. IV. TRAFFIC INJURIES National volume, trends and rates Total Traffic Injuries Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24=12,258 = 1,55 In, occurrences of this offense decreased 18% compared with the 24 figure, falling from to 1.55 cases. Data also showed a decrease in the frequency of Traffic Injuries per 1. inhabitants, falling from 27 to 22. The daily average during was 27, which means 6 fewer injuries per day than those recorded in the previous year. June, with 66 cases recorded the largest decrease, while March recorded the highest peak, with 978 cases. 21% 15-18%

16 Crime Report Most affected zones M. Bogotá Santander Nariño Huila Police departments that recorded the highest amount of cases during were Bogotá Metropolitan Police, with cases, and a 3% decrease when compared with the same period in the previous year, Santander province, 495 cases and a 4% increase, Nariño province, 354 cases and a 53% decrease, and Huila province, 515 cases and 11% decrease. Traffic Injuries by type of motor - vehicle 12% (1184) Motorcycle Cars Unknown 59% (5918) 29% (2953) Analyzing the amount of injuries according with the type of accident which caused them, the data showed that 29% of those offenses were caused by cars, which correspond to cases, 12% were caused by motorcycles, which correspond to offenses and 59% of the cases did not report information about the type of accident. 16

17 Crime Report V. THEFTS National volume, trends and rates Total thefts Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24= 55,86 = 69,516 During, 69,516 thefts were committed; reporting an increase of 26% when comparing it with the thefts committed the previous year or more cases. The increase in this offense was caused especially by the greater impact of personal thefts which increased 44%, reporting more cases when comparing with 24. From January to June, there was a slight downward trend reaching the lowest amount of thefts in that month: From June onwards the number of thefts started increasing until September, when the highest peak of thefts was recorded. From September to November, the total amount of thefts was continually falling to and 6.26 thefts in October and November, respectively. December recorded an increase, reaching cases Theft - rate per 1. inhabitants % Cases Rate per 1. inhabitants

18 Crime Report The theft-rate per 1. inhabitants reported an upward trend from the year 2 until 22 when it was 14, and remained in that level until the year 23, starting from that time to diminish, reaching a rate of 122 in 24. However, from 24 onwards, there has been a continuous rise in the rate per 1. inhabitants which was 151 by December 31st,. The daily theft average during was 19, which means, 39 more daily cases than those reported during the previous year. When comparing the data to 22, there was an increase of 13% with cases. During 24 there were thefts, lesser cases than those recorded in 23. Most affected zones Thefts M.Bogotá M. Medellín Santander Police departments that recorded the largest amount of thefts were Metropolitan Area of Bogotá with cases and a significant increase of 62% or more cases, when comparing them with the same period in the previous year, the Metropolitan Area of Medellín with 4.88 cases and a 23% increase, Santander province, cases and a decrease of 14% Thefts by category = = Burglary Commercial Personal 18

19 Crime Report Analyzing the number of thefts by categories during, the high participation of 59% corresponding to personal thefts is indeed evident, which equals to cases during, reporting a remarkable increase of 44% while comparing it with 24, in which thefts to persons were reported. Home theft decreased 37% falling from to cases, theft to commerce increased 16% which equals to more cases. Total thefts and methods 36% 3% 17% 3% 14% Assault Carelessness Breaking and Entering Fraud Others When analyzing the methods employed by the thieves in order to steal people s property, we can notice that in first place assault on persons was rated, with a participation of 36% of the total thefts; the carelessness of the people was the second cause that made easier for the robbers to assault their victims. The category of forcing locks was ranked in third place, with 14% participation. Types of Weapons 22% 22% Firearms No Arms Knives and cutting objects 14% Others 11% 31% Unknown Most of the thefts were committed without weapons (31%) or cases; 22% was the percentage of participation of fire arms used to carry out crimes, which equals to thefts; 11% corresponded to knives and cutting objects, 14% corresponded to other weapons such as clubs and blunt objects among others and the remaining 22% 19

20 Crime Report did not specify information about the type of arms used. Burglaries by Range of Hour 29% 17% From to 6 2% 34% From 6 to 12. From 12 to 18. From 18 to 24. According to the hour of occurrence of these offenses, 34% of the burglaries occurred during daytime, from midday until 6: pm. The least amount of burglaries was committed from midnight to 6: a.m. (17%). VI. MOTOR-VEHICLE THEFTS National Volume, Trends and Rates Total Motor-Vehicles Thefts From 22 to there have been continuous reductions in the number of Motor- Vehicle Thefts, falling from cases in 22 to in, which equals to a 37% decrease. 2

21 Crime Report Total Motor-vehicle thefts Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24=22,64 =18,96 When comparing statistical records we can notice that the frequency of this crime decreased in cases, which indicates a variation of -16%. During the whole year there was a continuous downward trend in the number of Motor-Vehicle Thefts, except during the months of April with thefts, July, October and December with 1.593, and Motor-Vehicle Thefts, respectively. The daily average during was 52, which equals to 1 lesser cases per day, than those reported in 24. The rate per 1. inhabitants showed a decline of 18%, falling from 5 in 24, to 41 in. Analyzing the information by categories, there was a larger decrease related to autothefts (-2%) falling from stolen cars, to 9.954, than the one related to motorcycles (12%), falling from stolen motorcycles to 9.6. Most Affected Zones 75 Motor-Vehicle Thefts Bogotá Medellín Cali 24 21

22 Crime Report During, the Metropolitan areas of Bogotá, Medellín and Cali recorded the highest rates with 5.862, and cases, respectively. When comparing with 24, the figures reported a slight increase of 8% in the number of thefts occurred in Bogotá, while the Metropolitan areas of Medellín and Cali reported a decrease in the number of thefts, especially in the Metropolitan Area of Cali, which showed a significant drop of 46% (1.8 lesser cases) and Medellín had a drop of 31% (1.568 lesser cases). Motor-vehicles Theft Vehicles Motorcycles When data is compared separately, one can notice that both, auto and motorcycle thefts, decreased 2% and 12%, respectively, which equals to lesser stolen cars, and fewer stolen motorcycles Total motor-vehicle thefts and rate per 1. inhabitants Cases Rate per 1. inhabitants Since the year 2, there has been a favorable downward trend in the rate per 1. inhabitants falling from 78 in that year, to 5 in 24 and 41 in. As a consequence, the daily average of Motor vehicle theft has also fallen from 62 in 24 to 52 in. 22

23 Crime Report VII. COMMERCIAL CARGO THEFTS National volume, trends and rates Commercial cargo thefts Total commercial cargo thefts Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24= 928 = 715 There was a significant decrease of 23% regarding this offense, when comparing the years 24 and, falling from 928 cases during the first year to 715 during the second year, which equals to 213 lesser cases. February reported the highest peak, 88 cases, followed by November with 74 cases. 2 cases of this criminal activity were committed during the day, 1 less than in the previous year. 23

24 Crime Report Most affected zones commercial cargo thefts M. Bogotá M. Medellín Atlántico 24 The roads of Metropolitan Areas of Bogotá, Medellín and Atlántico province, with 169, 147 and 57 cases respectively, were the most affected zones during. Although Bogotá reported the highest number pertaining to this offense during, it also showed a significant decline of 33% while comparing with de 24 data, which equals to 83 lesser cases. Medellín also reported a decline of 31% or 67 lesser cases and Atlántico reported a slight decline of 13% or 9 lesser cases. VIII. KIDNAPPINGS National volume, trends and rates Total Kidnappings The data showed a significant reduction of 73% in this crime, falling from cases in 22 to 8 cases in. 24

25 Crime Report Total kidnappings Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24= 1.44 = 8 This crime showed a significant decrease of 44%, which is equivalent to 641 lesser cases, with a daily average of 2 cases per day in (2 lesser daily cases than in 24). In, from February onwards, there was a downward trend until June, when this crime started growing until the end of July, when it reached the highest peak of 87 offenses. However, since July, there has been a favorable downward trend, falling to the lowest amounts of kidnappings in October, 49 cases, November and December, 49 and 3 cases respectively. The rate per 1. inhabitants also decreased from 3 cases in 24, to 2 cases in. 44% Most affected zones Kidnappings Meta Cauca Nariño Tolima Cundinamarca Antioquia During the year the most affected zones of the country by this crime, were the provinces of Meta (96 cases), Cauca (62 cases), Nariño (6 cases), Tolima and Cundinamarca, with 6 and 51 cases respectively, and Antioquia with 46 cases. We would like to point out that in Antioquia province, this criminal activity decreased 75% falling from 184 cases in 24, to 46 cases in. In Meta province it decreased 25

26 Crime Report 1%, in Cauca province it fell 33% (from 92 to 62 cases), and in Tolima province it decreased 26%. Cundinamarca province recorded an increase of 89%. IX. MASSIVE KIDNAPPINGS Massive kidnappings Cases Victims 24 The phenomenon of massive kidnapping started to be registered since Before that year this crime was reported in some provinces of the country and its accountancy was taken within the total kidnappings. From 1999 onwards, due to the intensity and magnitude of its occurrences, this offense started to be registered in a separate way, reaching its highest peak in 21 and keeping a downward trend until % Massive kidnappings - authors 6% 16% 13% 21% ELN AUC FARC Common Delinquency Unknown During there were 29 cases and 114 victims, which equals to a 55% decrease in the total number of cases and a 62% decrease in the total number of victims. 26

27 Crime Report According to the figures shown in the graph, 44% of the kidnappings were committed by the FARC, (the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia) 21% were attributable to common delinquency, 16% were committed by the subversive group ELN, (The National Liberation Army) 6% were committed by the subversive group AUC (the United Self Defense Forces of Colombia). In 13% of the cases, there was no information about the authors. X. EXTORTION National volume, trends and rates Extortion Total Extortion Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dic 24= = This crime, which affects directly the coexistence and citizen s safety, has recorded a decline of 33% with a significant difference of 612 lesser cases. When comparing the trend in, we can notice that from April onwards, there has been a constant downward trend, reporting a lower number of offenses than those recorded in 24. The daily average fell from 6 to 5 cases per day, with the consequent reduction in the 27

28 Crime Report rate per 1. inhabitants which fell from 5 to 3 cases. Most affected zones Extortions =2.351 =1.739 M. Bogotá Meta Tolima During the cities and provinces recording the highest frequencies were the Metropolitan Area of Bogotá, Meta province and Tolima province with 155, 134 and 132 cases of extortion respectively. However, the Metropolitan Area of Bogotá showed an important drop of 68%, (155 lesser cases), Meta reported an increase of 4% and Tolima recorded a drop of 21% (35 lesser cases). XI. TERRORIST ACTIONS National Volumes Total terrorist actions Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24= 724 = 611 Even though this criminal activity recorded a 16% decrease, it is a very serious phenomenon affecting gravely the State, due to the devastating effects caused to the citizen s life and property. The data showed an increasing trend during the first three months reaching a peak of 6 cases in March and recording an average of 2 cases per day. October recorded the highest peak of the year with 66 cases. 28

29 Crime Report Most Affected Zones 1 84 Cases Arauca Putumayo Meta During, the largest amount of terrorist actions occurred in Arauca and Putumayo provinces, with 62 cases each one, followed by Meta, province with 54 cases. Although Arauca was the most affected province by this scourge during 24, in it recorded a favorable decrease of 26% or 22 lesser cases, Putumayo recorded an increase of 7 cases (12%), and Meta recorded a decrease of 7 cases (-11%). Total terrorist actions and rate per 1, inhabitants Cases 2 Rate per 1. 1 inhabitants Since 22, there has been a continuous reduction in the terrorist-actions rate per 1. inhabitants which has dropped from 4 cases in 22 to one case in. When comparing the 22 with data, there has been a significant reduction of 63% in this crime, falling from cases in the first year to 611 cases in. 29

30 Crime Report Destroyed infraestructure by terrorism Oil Pipelines Energy Towers Vehicles Roads Bridges The most affected assets by terrorist actions were vehicles and roads, followed by energy towers and oil pipelines, since the armed groups have recorded a historic trend to attack international and local petroleum companies. These terrorist actions caused irreparable losses of human lives and a significant monetary cost for the economy of the country. Terrorist Actions (Authors) 64% FARC Common Delinquency ELN Self-Defenses 25% 2% 4% 5% Unknown Analyzing the information related to the authors of this crime, the figures showed that 64% of the terrorist actions are attributable to the armed group FARC, which equals to 391 terrorist actions. The common delinquency, the ELN guerrilla group and the selfdefense groups committed 25%, 4% and 2% of the terrorist actions throughout the nation, respectively. 3

31 Crime Report XII. SUBVERSIVE ACTIONS National volume, trends and rates Total subversive actions Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24 = 218 = 195 This criminal activity reported an 11% decrease or 23 lesser cases, when comparing the two years object of this study. However, when evaluating the monthly variations, there was a tendency to increase during the first three months, reaching the highest peak of the year in April with 26 cases. From April to May there was a noticeable drop of 5% in the number of terrorist actions falling from 26 to 13 cases in May, month in which the trend recorded slight increments until August, starting a downward trend since then. The daily average was the same of 24, 1 case per day and the rate per 1. inhabitants was, 4. Total subversive actions When comparing the 22 data with 23, the statistics showed an increase of 23% or 82 more cases. However, this trend changed from that year falling from 439 subversive 31

32 Crime Report actions to 218 in 24 and 195 subversive actions in. Most affected zones by Subversive Actions Nariño Cauca Putumayo Arauca Nariño province recorded the largest number of subversive actions, with 27 cases, followed by Cauca and Putumayo provinces with 25 cases each one and Arauca province with 13. Although those were the zones where guerrilla groups perpetrated the largest amount of hostile actions against the National Police during, while comparing to the 24 data, there were reductions in the total number of offenses occurred in those provinces. 9% Subversive Actions' Authors FARC ELN EPL 1% 9% The data showed that 9% of the subversive actions were committed by the armed group FARC (the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia), 9% of the actions were committed by the ELN (the National Liberation Army) and 1% by the EPL. 32

33 Crime Report COLOMBIAN NATIONAL POLICE OPERATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS OPERATIVE ACHIEVEMENTS ARRESTS (FOR ALL CRIMES) YEAR VARIATION 24 ABSOLUTE % CAPTURED % GUERRILLA KILLED IN ACTION % SUBMITTED % SELF-DEFENSE MEMBERS CAPTURED % KILLED IN ACTION % SUBMITTED % CRIMINALS KILLED IN ACTION KIDNAPPED PEOPLE RESCUED % % CARS % RECOVERED MOTOR- VEHICLES VALUE IN MILLION PESOS % MOTORCYCLES % VALUE IN MILLION PESOS % MERCHANDISE (VALUE IN MILLION PESOS) FIREARMS SEIZED RECOVERED % SEIZED % % COCAINE % ILLICIT DRUG SEIZURES (KILOGRAMS) MARIHUANA % COCA BASE % HEROIN % HECTARES SPRAYED OR MANUALLY ERRADICATED POPPY % COCA % 33

34 Crime Report I. ARRESTS CARRIED OUT FOR ALL TYPES OF CRIMES National volume, trends and rate Thousands ,6 21,1 Total arrests carried out for all types of crimes 33, 34,8 3,7 32, 29,4 3,2 3,6 28,9 25,8 27,1 25,3 27,7 28,7 29,5 27, 28,9 24,8 27,3 28,1 25,1 24,6 21,4 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24= = This operative activity showed an increase of 6%, reaching a total of people arrested in, which is equivalent to more arrests than those that took place in 24, with a daily average of 888. Thus, the commitment of the National Police is evident in the fight against organized crime. The data showed an upward trend in the number of captures from January to May when it reached a peak of arrests and started falling to captures in July. From July to October there was an average of 29. arrests per month followed by a slight decrease of 12% in November. Subversives and Self Defenses Arrests Subversives 24 Self Defenses In the case of subversive and self-defenses arrests, for the year, there was a slight decrease in comparison with the year 24. For instance, during the year, there was a decrease of 12% in the number of subversives arrested and a decrease of 24% in the number of self-defenses (also known as paramilitaries ). 34

35 Crime Report II. RECOVERED AND SEIZED MERCHANDISE Merchandise (Million Pesos) Recovered Seized The operative achievements in the field of merchandise show a positive trend. For example, there was an increase of 1% in the value of recovered merchandise, and a significant rise of 36% in the value of seized goods. III. RECOVERED MOTOR-VEHICLES Hundreds ,3 1, 13,4 13,1 15,9 13,5 16,3 13,3 16, 13,6 15,5 14,3 14,5 13,5 14,9 14,1 15,1 13,6 13,4 12,3 13, 9,7 11,6 7,8 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 24= = The data showed a 1% decrease in this operative activity, which equals to 9 lesser recovered vehicles than those recovered in 24. During the first six months of, there were a higher number of recovered vehicles than those recovered in the same period in 24. The last quarter of recorded a downward trend, falling from recovered vehicles in October to 976 in November and 783 in December. 35

36 Crime Report Recovered cars classified by Manufacturers Chevrolet Renault Mazda Dodge Toyota Analyzing the statistics by car manufacturers, 28% of the recovered cars during the last two years have been Chevrolet, with a total of cars during, 32 less than those recovered in 24; in second place, Renault and Mazda recorded a total of 2.34 and recovered cars, respectively, followed by Dodge and Toyota, with a participation of 6% each one, and 865, 985 recovered cars, respectively. Thus, the commitment of the National Police is evident here in the fight against organized crime Recovered cars classified by model 3% 37% 197 to to 2 2 to 26 Unkwnown 12% 13% Most of the recovered cars during corresponded to models between 1991 and 2, followed by models between 197 and 199. There was a lesser participation of new recovered cars whose year was between 2 and

37 Crime Report IV. ILLICIT DRUG SEIZURES Seized Cocaine KILOGRAMS Cocaine Since drug trafficking is the most important source of funding for the guerrillas, the Antinarcotics Directorate has done a significant work in this field which is backed up by the statistics on this report. Seized Heroin KILOGRAMS Heroin The seizure of drugs shows a notorious rise as well. For example, for the year, kilos kilograms of cocaine and 724 kilos kilograms of heroin were seized by the Colombian Police. This represents an increase of 28% in the amount of heroin and 23% in the amount of cocaine seized for the year in contrast with the previous year. It is important to highlight the significant amount of cocaine that was seized during the months of May and August,, reaching and kilos, respectively. 37

38 Crime Report V. EXPROPRIATION Expropiation Implicated Goods Seized Goods The Colombian National Police is also developing intensive operations in the field of expropriations. For instance, comparing the years 24 and, the sharp increase of 124% in the number of goods under investigation by the judiciary is obvious. This trend is similar in the case of the seized goods, which experienced an important increase of 52%. 38

39 Crime Report CHANGES IN THE CRIMINALITY COMPOSITION Criminality Composition in the 9 s 47% 42% Property Crimes Violent Crimes Other Crimes 11% Criminality Composition 35% 19% Property Crime Violent Crime Public Health (Drug Trade) Public Security 16% 6% 6% 18% Copyright's Owner Others OFFENSES 23 % 24 % % Violent crime % % % Property crime % % % Against The Public Security* (includes Firearms Traffic) % % % Against Copyright s owner % % % Against The Public Health (Especially drug trade) % % % Others % % % TOTAL % % % The figures in the previous charts, showed a significant change in the criminality composition, with a reduction in the percentage of violent crimes, falling from 42% in the 9 s, to 32%, 27%, 23% and 19% in 22, 23, 24 and respectively. However, the offenses against the property continue having the highest percentage of participation of the total number of crimes, 38% and 35% during the years 24 and 39

40 Crime Report, respectively. Other crimes have had an increase in their percentage of participation, especially offenses against the Public Health and offenses against the Public Security with a 18% and 6% of participation in, respectively, as a consequence of the higher incidence during the last 1 years, of drug and arms traffic, committed by self-defenses groups, subversives and other outlaw groups. 4

41 Crime Report CONCLUSIONS SOCIAL IMPACT OFFENSES COMPARISON This report shows an important success on violence reduction achieved by Colombian National Police, as follows: In Colombia reached the lowest homicide rate of 39 cases per 1. inhabitants, which had never been achieved before during the last 24 years, which equals to cases. In 1981, the same rate of was recorded. However, the total number of cases reached 1.85 and the population at that time was of inhabitants. While the Colombian population grew 58%, the homicides rate remained constant. The favorable 1% reduction in the total homicides when comparing the data to 24 equals to 2.99 less. However, this figure is more relevant when comparing the data with 22, corresponding to a 37, 6% decrease or lesser homicides, falling from in 22, to ones in. The amount of homicides could be compared with the population of municipalities such as Abejorral (Antioquia), San Jacinto (Bolívar), Paipa (Boyacá), Salamina (Caldas) or La Calera (Cundinamarca), which would represent the extinction of those regions of the country. A reduction of 18% in Traffic Injuries, which could be explained due to the Road Accident Prevention Programs, implemented by the Police Departments through the Nation. Auto-thefts recorded a 2% decrease, falling from cases to cases in, but we must point out the 45% reduction in this offense, when comparing the Motor-Vehicle Thefts occurred in 22 with the cases recorded in. This achievement has been possible as a consequence of the increment in the number of municipalities protected by the National Police throughout the country, as well as the preventive and control actions taken against this crime. During, there were 213 lesser cases of commercial cargo theft, which equals to a 23% reduction when comparing it with the 24 data. The importance of this figure is noticeable when comparing the cases reported in 22 (721 more cases than those in ), this represents a remarkable decline of 5% regarding this offense. On the other hand, we must highlight the great success achieved by the National Police by reducing massive kidnapping (also known as potluck fishing ) and 41

42 Crime Report extortion. The first one recorded a reduction of 55% which equals to 29 cases in or 36 lesser cases than those occurred in the previous year. It is important to stress the fact that during the last four years the total cases of kidnappings decreased 73%, while comparing the 22 data with cases to 8 cases in. These achievements have been reached thanks to the current Democratic Defense and Security Police, and have created a favorable climate for foreign investment in Colombia. Fundamentally, it is being implemented through: A vast network of informants whose identity is protected and who receive rewards for information leading to the detection and capture of illegal armed groups members. Added protection for small towns, through a special force of peasant soldiers who provide surveillance and security in the areas where they live. More security on the roads, through mobile units or fixed patrol posts supported by air surveillance. In regard to extortion, this crime also recorded a 26% reduction or 612 lesser cases when comparing to the 24 data. The terrorist actions recorded a 16% decrease or 113 lesser cases than those occurred in. These statistics become more significant when comparing the 22 data with cases of terrorism, to the data, with 611 cases, corresponding to a 63% decrease. COLOMBIAN NATIONAL POLICE OPERATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS Illicit Drug Seizures: It is important to emphasize about the Police efforts oriented towards the fight against drug trafficking, which have led to significant increments in the amount of illicit drugs seized, when comparing the years 24 and. Those increments were of 28 % for heroin, 23% for cocaine and 15% for coca base. Total arrests: This operational activity experienced an increase of 6%, reaching a total of people arrested in. Thus, the commitment of the National Police is evident in the fight against organized crime. 42

43 Crime Report Recovered and seized merchandise: There was an increase of 1%, in the total recovered merchandise, and a significant 36% rise, in the total seized merchandise. An increment in the national zones protected by the National Police, after having 168 municipalities without police presence in 22, the goal of covering the total area of the nation was reached. The reduction of 19% in illegal coca crops during, which equals to hectares. This an important accomplishment if we take into account the fact that five years ago, in 2, there were 16. hectares used for illegal crops, amount that equals to the area of Bogotá, D.C; this means, 1.6 square kilometers. An increase in the investment by the government in the National Ministry of Defense, which equaled to 2% of the GNP Gross National Product- and rose to 5% in. Another notorious accomplishment was the sharp increase of 114% in the number of goods under investigation by the District Attorney Office. Colombian National Police (CNP) is also developing intensive operations in the field of expropriations. For instance, comparing the years 24 and, the sharp increase of 124% in the number of goods under investigation by the District Attorney is obviously a demonstration of its effort. This trend is similar in the case of the seized goods, which experienced an important increase of 52%. All these CNP achievements have created a favorable climate among the citizens, who have recovered their confidence and credibility towards the government, National Police, and Military Forces. Some indicators that corroborate this statement are: The notorious boom of the tourist industry, with the largest amount of people registered in hotels located throughout the country. We must highlight the Caribbean cities in the North of Colombia such as Cartagena, Santa Marta, Barranquilla and the Municipalities of Tolú and Coveñas, among others; the Eje Cafetero, which is an important tourist region with coffee crop-raisings, located in the Andes mountains and includes Manizales, Salamina, Aguadas, Quinchía; also, Villa de Leiva, located in Boyacá province, in the center of the country, with its colonial and picturesque architecture; Cali, located in the south-west of the country and it is characterized by traditional fairs and parties at the end of the year. 43

44 Crime Report At the airports nationwide, all the airlines recorded a high demand of tickets throughout the year, thanks to the increasing amount of passengers that were traveling to different cities and towns. The bus terminals also registered an increase in the number of departures of passengers during, with different itineraries through the country, as a signal of confidence in the security of the Colombian roads. The annual average of passenger departures in Bogotá bus terminal from 1998 to 22 was around 4 8., year in which it recorded a 37% increase reaching a total of passenger departures in 23. From 22 onwards, the annual average of departures during 24 and has remained over 9 million per year, which corroborates de statement previously mentioned. 44

45 Crime Report ANNEX - STATISTICAL INDEX SOCIAL IMPACT OFFENSES COMPARISON 24 - Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 1. Table 11. Table 12. Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Table 18. Social Impact Offenses Comparison Murders Massive Murders. Traffic Fatalities Personal Injuries Traffic Injuries Burglary Commercial Theft Personal Theft Total Theft (Burglary, Commercial, Personal) Auto Theft Motorcycle Theft Total Motor Vehicle Theft Commercial Cargo Theft - Monthly Bank Robbery Kidnapping Extortion Terrorist Actions 45

46 Crime Report OPERATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS COMPARISON 24 - Table 19 Table 2. Table 21. Table 22. Table 23. Table 24. Table 25. Table 26. Table 27. Table 28. Table 29. Table 3. Table 31. Operational Achievements Comparison Guerrilla Members Captured Guerrilla Members Killed in Action Illegal Self- Defense Members Captured Illegal Self- Defense Members Killed in Action Kidnapped People Rescued Recovered Cars Recovered Motorcycles Recovered Goods Estimated Value (Monthly) Seized Goods Estimated Value (Monthly) Ammunition Seized Antinarcotics Activity Hectares Sprayed or Manually Erradicated 46

47 CRIME REPORT TABLE 1. SOCIAL IMPACT OFFENSES COMPARISON 24 - OFFENSE YEAR VARIATION AVERAGES RATE PER 1, INHABITANTS PARTICIPATION 24 ABSOLUTE % MONTHLY WEEKLY DAILY HOUR MURDERS MASSIVE MURDERS TRAFFIC FATALITIES PERSONAL INJURIES TRAFFIC INJURIES % ,2% 11,7% CASES % 4 1,%,% VICTIMS % ,2%,2% % ,7% 2,5% % ,3% 19,6% % ,% 6,5% BURGLARY % ,7% 9,5% THEFT COMMERCIAL % ,6% 8,7% PERSONAL % ,8% 26,6% TOTAL % ,1% 44,8% AUTO THEFT % ,1% 6,4% MOTOR -VEHICLE -THEFT MOTORCYCLES % ,7% 5,8% TOTAL % ,8% 12,2% COMMERCIAL CARGO THEFT % ,6%,5% BANK ROBBERY % 8 2,1%,1% KIDNAPPING MASSIVE KIDNAPPING TERRORIST ACTIONS EXTORTION SUBVERSIVE ACTIONS % ,9%,5% CASES % 2 1,%,% VICTIMS % 1 2 1,2%,1% % ,5%,4% % ,5% 1,1% % ,1%,1% TOTAL SOCIAL IMPACT OFFENSES % ,% 1,%

48 CRIME REPORT TABLE 2. MURDERS POLICE DEPARTMENT JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER TOTAL TOTAL 24 VARIATION - 24 RATE PER 1. INHABITANTS PARTICIPATION POPULATION AMAZONAS % 16,7% ANTIOQUIA % 5 5,23% ARAUCA % 96 1,53% ATLÁNTICO % 27 3,52% BOLÍVAR % 19 2,16% BOYACÁ % 12,94% CALDAS % 59 3,84% CAQUETÁ % 87 2,24% CAUCA % 41 2,9% CASANARE % 58 1,5% CESAR % 36 2,7% CÓRDOBA % 12,97% CUNDINAMARCA % 18 2,36% CHOCÓ % 3,63% GUAJIRA % 6 1,74% GUAINÍA % 25,6% GUAVIARE * % 85,96% MAGDALENA % 3 2,36% MAGDALENA MEDIO % 5 1,44% META % 69 2,8% NARIÑO % 42 4,7% NORTE DE SANTANDER % 53 4,34% PUTUMAYO % 17 2,23% QUINDÍO % 49 1,67% RISARALDA % 89 5,5% SANTANDER % 2 2,2% SAN ANDRÉS % 8,4% SUCRE % 17,83% TOLIMA % 29 2,4% HUILA % 41 2,23% URABÁ % 46 1,29% VALLE % 9 9,86% VICHADA % 2,1% METROPOLITAN BOGOTÁ % 23 9,22% METROPOLITAN CALI % 67 9,8% METROPOLITAN MEDELLÍN % 36 6,41% TOTAL % 39 1,% * THE INFORMATION RELATED TO VAUPÉS' POLICE DEPARTMENT OFFENSES AND POPULATION IS INCLUDED IN THE GUAVIARE POLICE DEPARTMENT DATA BASE