Vaasa in a comparison study of urban areas

Transcription

1 Vaasa in a comparison study of urban areas

2 Table of contents INTRODUCTION The city of Vaasa and the Vaasa region pp. 3 5 Happy people p. 6 A map of the Vaasa region p. 7 Growing rapidly pp. 8 9 COMPETITIVENESS AND VITALITY Regional Profiles p. 10 Competitiveness p. 11 Vitality pp POPULATION Population growth pp JOBS AND EMPLOYMENT Manufacturing jobs pp High job growth rate pp Plenty of jobs pp ECONOMY R&D investments pp Value of exports pp EnergyVaasa pp GDP p. 33 Dependency ratio p. 41 Value added pp EDUCATION Opportunities to study p. 36 Percentage of university graduates p. 40 INTERNATIONALITY Links to the world pp COSTS Housing prices p. 39 2

3 The city of Vaasa and the Vaasa region The Vaasa region is one of the most dynamic, competitive and fastest growing urban regions in the country. It is among the top cities in its size range in terms of population growth and the growing number of jobs. This is proven by comparison studies of Finnish urban areas, as well as studies on regional vitality and competitiveness. The number one reason for the growth is the region s energy cluster, which includes 140 energy companies. They employ 10,000 people, 1,000 of whom work in research and development. These companies invest about MEUR 158 in R&D annually, with a growth of almost MEUR 95 between This is a growth rate second only to the Helsinki sub-region. 3

4 The city of Vaasa and the Vaasa region The energy cluster s exports amount to approximately 3.5 billion euros. This is a third of the whole country s energy technology exports. The energy cluster s success is evident in the figures. Vaasa is the only city that has managed to significantly increase its number of manufacturing jobs over the last few years. Between , the number of manufacturing jobs increased by more than 1,200. There has also been significant growth in the number of jobs in other fields, with about 4,700 new jobs created between

5 The city of Vaasa and the Vaasa region The region s population has grown by almost 9,000 residents since The growth is evident particularly in the number of children and young adults. The number of year-olds has increased by more than 3,000 and that of 0 6-year-olds by more than 1,200 in the last ten years. Birth rate has long been high in the region you might even call it a baby boom. The number of children and young adults has been predicted to continue to shoot up. The Vaasa region is one of the most international in the country. This is due to our export companies, international universities and the more than 120 nationalities living here. 5

6 Happy people The region s employment situation is among the best in the country and has been for the last 10 years High income levels and affordable housing Commutes average just 30 minutes, the airport provides easy access abroad High life expectancy Low morbidity The only natural UNESCO World Heritage Site in Finland One of the most international regions in Finland Unemployment rate (%) Unemployment rate by sub-region 5/2017 6

7 A map of the Vaasa region 114,223 residents (31 December 2016) Oulu Korsholm Vaasa Vaasa Vörå 6684 Umeå Tampere Korsnäs 2171 Malax 5517 Laihia 8139 Isokyrö 4712 Stockholm Helsinki 7

8 Vaasa and its neighbouring regions are growing rapidly Some 530,000 people live within a radius of 120 km of Vaasa. The region has about 55,500 university students. The population of the region s cities, towns and municipalities increased by more than 30,000 residents between and the number of jobs by over 14,000 between Although the region s towns are only medium-sized, there are many of them in relatively close proximity, making this larger area an important region both locally and nationally. In fact, if it had a single centre it would be the second largest region in Finland in terms of population after the Helsinki region. It would be the fastest growing region in the country in terms of jobs and the fourth fastest growing in terms of population. 8

9 Vaasa and its neighbouring region are growing rapidly Population, jobs and university students in the Vaasa, Umeå, Seinäjoki, Jakobstad and Kokkola areas UMEÅ 122,892 residents (2016) +12,134 ( ) 63,944 jobs (2015) +8,748 ( ) 32,500 university students Kokkola JAKOBSTAD - KOKKOLA IN TOTAL 458,024 residents in the different areas (2016) (c. 530,000 residents in the whole region) +30,549* residents ( ) 204,834* jobs (2015) +14,132* jobs ( ) 55,500 university students *Growth in different areas (not the whole region) 110,614 residents (2016) +3,454 ( ) 46,511 jobs (2015) +1,762 ( ) 4,000 university students Umeå Jakobstad Vaasa SEINÄJOKI VAASA 110,295 residents (2016) +7,103 ( ) 44,602 jobs (2015) +1,518 ( ) 6,000 university students 114,223 residents (2016) +7,858 ( ) 49,777 jobs (2015) +2,104 ( ) 13,000 university students 9

10 Vaasa is number one in the comparison research of Finnish cities Vaasa Regional Profiles in Finland in 2016 Regional Profiles 2016 information package includes information about regional development from mid-1990s strong growth years to the financial crisis, and afterwards to the years of sluggish economy all the way to The publication consists of analysis of national development, region-, and sub-region statistics and focal points of development. In the research done by consulting firm MDI, Vaasa was placed the best area even on top of Helsinki and Turku. Helsinki Turku Kuopio Porvoo Tampere Hämeenlinna Seinäjoki Oulu Kokkola Lappeenranta Rauma Jyväskylä Joensuu 7,9 7,9 8,3 8,3 8,5 8,5 8,7 8,7 8,8 8,8 9 9,1 9,5 9,6 15 best graded urban areas Source: MDI (2016) 10

11 The most competitive region in the country Regional competitiveness in Finland in 2015 The study examined the competitiveness of all 70 Finnish sub-regions in 2015 using six variables as indicators. The variables were labour productivity, employment rate, innovativeness, level of education, entrepreneurial dynamics and industry intensiveness. The Vaasa sub-region was number one and its strengths include innovativeness, labour productivity, employment rate and level of education. Vaasa Porvoo Helsinki Tampere Oulu Jakobstadsregionen Turku Etelä-Pirkanmaa Lappeenranta Rauma Hämeenlinna Kokkola Pori Åboland-Turunmaa Imatra 9,00 10,00 13,00 15,50 17,83 18,17 18,83 19,50 19,50 20,33 20,83 21,50 22,17 23,50 24,17 15 sub-regions with the best competitiveness (there are 70 sub-regions in total). Source: The University of Turku s School of Economics, the Pori Unit (2017) 11

12 One of the most dynamic cities in the country Comparison study of the vitality of towns and cities between The study compared the vitality of 26 of the largest cities in Finland using 5 themes and 40 variables. Relative vitality shows which cities have been best able to improve their position and competitiveness. These are Seinäjoki, Vaasa and Kokkola. A good ranking in absolute vitality is founded on long-term positive development, especially in regional economy, jobs, know-how and attractiveness. In absolute vitality, Vaasa ranks 4th in the country after Espoo, Vantaa and Helsinki. If we add up the excellent rankings Vaasa has achieved in both absolute and relative vitality, it is the most dynamic city in Finland! Espoo Vantaa Helsinki Vaasa Tampere Oulu Porvoo Hyvinkää Seinäjoki Jyväskylä Rankin, absolute vitality Ranking, relative vitality The 10 best cities in terms of absolute vitality Source: Timo Aro (2015) 12

13 Like the city, the Vaasa subregion ranks high in the vitality index The Vaasa sub-region stands out (together with Porvoo and Mariehamn) as the second most vital sub-region after Helsinki. The most vital areas are centred along the Helsinki Vaasa growth corridor. In nine out of ten variables, the Vaasa region ranked among the best 20%. 13

14 Like the city, the Vaasa sub-region ranks high in the vitality index VITALITY INDEX FOR THE FINNISH SUB-REGIONS The index contains structural indicators that describe the vitality of 10 regions. All the 70 regions have been divided into five fifths based on the average of 10 indicators. Each region has been further ranked by adding up the value points of the 10 indicators. For each variable, a region may receive 1 70 points (1 = the best value and 70 = the weakest value). The indicators are: GDP per capita (2013) GEP-deviation indicator (2013) Indicator for educational structure (2014) Employment rate, % (2014) Unemployment rate, % (2014) Income earners median income (2014) Dependency ratio (2014) Total municipal and corporation tax revenues, euros per capita (2014) Total net migration per 1,000 ( ) Research and development expenditure, euros per capita (2014) The best 20% The second best 20% The third best 20% The second weakest 20% The weakest 20% Source: Seutukuntien elinvoimaindeksi (The Vitality Index of Finnish Sub-regions), Timo Aro (2016) 14

15 Strong population growth Vaasa region s population is growing by almost 900 residents and the city of Vaasa s population by more than 600 residents per year. According to our population target, the Vaasa region will have about 160,000 residents and the city of Vaasa about 100,000 residents by The supposition behind the population target is that the strong population growth will accelerate. The current population of the Vaasa region is 114,223 and of the city of Vaasa 67,620 (2016) The target for the Vaasa region: 160,000 residents by 2040 The target for the city of Vaasa: 100,000 residents by Source: Statistics Finland ( ), the City of Vaasa and the Population Register Centre 15

16 The highest population growth in its size range Vaasan tk-alue The Vaasa region s population growth is the highest among the group consisting of employment areas of similar size. When compared to all other employment areas in Finland (37 in total), the region s population growth is the sixth highest. The Vaasa region is the 10th largest employment area in Finland in terms of population. Seinäjoen tk-alue Kuopion tk-alue Joensuun tk-alue Lappeenrannan tk-alue Porin tk-alue Kotkan tk-alue Kouvolan tk-alue Demographic changes in employment areas of 80, ,000 residents between 31 Dec Dec Source: Statistics Finland 16

17 The highest population growth in its size range Vaasa region s population 31 Dec Dec Source: Statistics Finland 17

18 The highest population growth in its size range Annual demographic change Source: Statistics Finland 18

19 The number of children and young people is growing Predicted demographic change by age groups in the Vaasa region between 31 Dec Dec The number of children and young adults is growing rapidly in the Vaasa region, which is extremely positive. The region gains especially from young adults moving in, many of whom are students. They are needed, because there is great demand for new workers. The number of year-olds has increased by more than 3,000 over the last ten years. Over the same space of time, the number of 0 6-year-olds has increased by more than 1,200 and the birth rate has remained high. You might even call it a baby boom! The entire population +46, Source: The City of Vaasa 19

20 Strong and growing industrial sector The number of manufacturing jobs in Vaasa increased by more than 1,200 between , which is more than anywhere else in the country by far! Most other cities and towns saw diminishing numbers of industrial jobs. Vaasa has the seventh highest number of manufacturing jobs. There are almost as many of them as in Turku and Oulu, which are both three times larger in population. Vaasa has approximately 9,000 and the Vaasa region approximately 11,000 jobs in industry. 20

21 Strong and growing industrial sector Changes in the industrial workforce between in the 25 largest towns and cities Vaasa Seinäjoki Vantaa Rovaniemi Hyvinkää Lahti Kokkola Espoo Nurmijärvi Mikkeli Porvoo Pori Hämeenlinna Joensuu Kuopio Lappeenranta Lohja Kotka Jyväskylä Kouvola Oulu Turku Helsinki Tampere Salo Source: Statistics Finland 21

22 Strong and growing industrial sector Industrial staff in 2014 in the 25 largest towns and cities Helsinki Tampere Espoo Vantaa Turku Oulu Vaasa Lahti Jyväskylä Pori Seinäjoki Porvoo Joensuu Lappeenranta Kouvola Hämeenlinna Salo Kotka Hyvinkää Kokkola Mikkeli Kuopio Lohja Rovaniemi Nurmijärvi Source: Statistics Finland 22

23 High job growth rate Job growth rate in the Vaasa region is the highest among the group consisting of employment areas of similar size and the fifth highest of all the employment areas in the country. Vaasa Seinäjoki Joensuu -258 Kuopio -686 Lappeenranta -880 Pori Kotka Kouvola Changes in the number of jobs in employment areas of 80, ,000 residents between 31 Dec Dec Source: Statistics Finland 23

24 High job growth rate Jobs in the Vaasa region between 31 Dec Dec Source: Statistics Finland 24

25 High job growth rate Annual changes Source: Statistics Finland 25

26 Other branches are growing too Changes in the number of jobs the five largest branches of business More than 4,100 new jobs were created in the region in the 2000s (net growth). The greatest growth has occurred in branches with the highest number of jobs. Both the private and the public sectors are growing. Health care and social services Education 317 Retail and wholesale 295 Construction 292 Industry -96 The Vaasa region between 31 Dec Dec Source: Statistics Finland 26

27 Some of the largest R&D investments in the country R&D investments in the Vaasa subregion between Companies in the Vaasa sub-region invest MEUR a year in R&D (the fifth highest of all the subregions). The investments increased by almost MEUR 95 (152%) between This is the second greatest growth after the Helsinki sub-region. The soaring investments are an indication of the strong faith the region s companies have in the future. The public sector s R&D investments have also grown. The Vaasa sub-region s combined R&D investments total over MEUR Total R&D investments : +MEUR / % The public sector s R&D investments : +MEUR 21.1 / % Companies R&D investments : +MEUR 95.0 / % 191,7 157,6 34, Source: Statistics Finland Total investments: companies, public sector, PNPOs* and universities Companies Public sector *) PNPO refers to private non-profit organisations: foundations, associations, funds and employee organisations. 27

28 Some of the largest R&D investments in the country The second largest growth of companies R&D investments after Helsinki Helsinki Vaasa Turku Porvoo Lahti Seinäjoki Lappeenranta Rauma Joensuu Pori Rovaniemi Mikkeli Kuopio Kouvola Kotka-Hamina Hämeenlinna Jyväskylä Oulu Salo Tampere -189,4-224,3-1,0-3,6-4,9-6,3-7,3-26,4-62,2 95,0 41,2 31,7 24,9 22,7 19,4 16,6 9,8 6,0 1,4 346,4 Companies R&D investments, changes between (MEUR), in the 20 largest sub-regions Source: Statistics Finland 28

29 The highest value of exports per capita Uusimaa Pirkanmaa Varsinais-Suomi 6,2 5, The value of exports from Ostrobothnia is 4.8 billion euros the fourth highest of all the regions Ostrobothnia Satakunta Lapland 4,8 3,9 3,8 South Ostrobothnia 3,8 Central Finland 2,6 Kymenlaakso 2,6 South Karelia 2,4 Päijät-Häme 1,6 Pohjois-Savo 1,3 Kanta-Häme 1,2 Pohjois-Karjala - Norra Karelen 1,1 Central Ostrobothnia 1,0 South Ostrobothnia 0,8 Etelä-Savo Kainuu 0,6 0,1 billion Different regions value of exports (billion euros) in 2015 Source: Statistics Finland 29

30 The highest value of exports per capita The value of exports per capita is by far the highest in the country at EUR Ostrobothnia Lapland South Karelia Satakunta Uusimaa Kymenlaakso Central Ostrobothnia Pirkanmaa Varsinais-Suomi Central Finland South Ostrobothnia Päijät-Häme Kanta-Häme South Karelia Pohjois-Savo South Ostrobothnia Etelä-Savo Kainuu The value of exports ( per capita) by region in 2015 Source: Statistics Finland 30

31 EnergyVaasa The Nordic countries leading energy cluster 31

32 EnergyVaasa The Nordic countries leading energy cluster Technology exports from the Vaasa region 140 companies Several of them are global market leaders 10,000 employees 1/4 of the energy sector employees in Finland 1,000 developers Significant human resources in R&D EUR 4.4 billion Combined turnover of the energy cluster companies Proportion of production exported: 80% Approximately EUR 3.5 billion 30% of Finland s energy technology exports 2% of the population Vaasa region s share of Finland s technology exports Vaasa region s share of Finland s energy technology exports 12% 30% Vaasa region s share of Finland s population 2% energyvaasa.vaasanseutu.fi Sources: The Vaasa region, Customs and Statistics Finland 32

33 Vaasa the small giant of the Finnish economy The Vaasa region has the highest GDP per capita when compared to other regions of similar size. The city of Vaasa has the fourth highest average income when compared to 20 of the largest towns and cities. Vaasa Lappeenranta Seinäjoki Kouvola Kotka Kuopio Pori Joensuu Espoo Helsinki Vantaa Vaasa Oulu Tampere Hämeenlinna Seinäjoki Kuopio Salo Turku Lahti Lappeenranta Jyväskylä Rovaniemi Kouvola Pori Kotka Mikkeli Joensuu GDP per capita (EUR) in 2013 in urban areas of 80, ,000 residents Average income per earner, subject to state tax, the 20 largest cities in 2016 Source: Statistics Finland 33

34 Plenty of work if you re willing Employment among the top in the country for the past 10 years Vaasa has the third lowest unemployment rate when compared to 20 of the country s largest towns and cities (average unemployment rate in 2017) The largest employers in the Vaasa region in 2016/ The City of Vaasa (incl. public utilities) Wärtsilä Group Vaasa Hospital District / Central Hospital ABB Oy % 10.5% 11.5% 5 The municipality of Korsholm 1,600 6 Danfoss University of Vaasa S Group The municipality of Laihia 420 Vaasa region City of Vaasa Finland 10 K Group 416 Source: Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment The 25 largest employers in the city of Vaasa: 34

35 Plenty of work if you re willing Industry Health and social Retail and wholesale More than one fifth of the region s jobs are in the industrial sector Education Construction Public admin and defence; com. social ins Admin and support services Pro, science and tech Transport and storage Primary production Information and communications Accommodation and food Other services Financing and insurance ,777 jobs in total Art, entertainment and recreation 799 Other, unknown 523 Properties 371 HPAC, electricity and waste, etc. 294 Jobs by branch of business in the Vaasa region on 31 December 2015 Source: Statistics Finland 35

36 Education the region s companies In Vaasa, you can study in Finnish, Swedish and English from preschool to your doctoral thesis. More than 30 university degrees: University of Vaasa, Åbo Akademi University, VAMK University of Applied Sciences, Novia University of Applied Sciences, Hanken and University of Helsinki. Active international student exchange. 5,400 vocational students 13,000 university students Focuses of the fields of study Technology Economic sciences Social work and health care Close cooperation with companies Practical training placements Research collaboration Funding for professorships Laboratory investments 114,256 residents Source: Vaasa s universities and educational establishments and the Population Register Centre 36

37 The Vaasa region is truly international 37

38 The Vaasa region is truly international Embraced by industries operating in the global market, companies here are born international. There are about 100 languages spoken in the Vaasa region. More than 120 nationalities are represented in this region. For example, Wärtsilä s unit in Vaasa employs people from about 47 different countries. An easy service with a long history offering the shortest sea route, Vaasa Umeå, from Finland to Sweden Wasaline is the most northern year-round passenger ship service in the world! 199,657 passengers in 2016 Fly abroad from one of the busiest airports in Finland 300,118 passenger in % Finnish speakers 5.9% other languages 35.7% Swedish speakers 38

39 You ll still have money after you ve paid your bills Average price (EUR/m²) of a terrace house or detached house Average income per month 2016 In Vaasa, the average price (EUR/m²) of a terrace house or detached house is considerably lower than in larger cities. Pay rate, however, is high higher than in Tampere and Turku, for example. You will have much more money left over to enjoy your life Espoo Helsinki Vantaa Vaasa Tampere Turku Source: Statistics Finland 39

40 High percentage of university graduates The proportion of the population with university degrees is the third highest in the country in the Vaasa region. The proportion of residents with a university degree among all the residents with a qualification in various employment areas on 31 December 2016 Source: Statistics Finland, City of Vaasa s Development Department Helsinki Oulu Vaasa Tampere Turku Jyväskylä Whole country Kuopio Lappeenranta Rauma Seinäjoki Mikkeli Lahti Salo Pietarsaari Joensuu Maarianhamina Pori Kajaani Kokkola Kotka Kouvola Varkaus Närpiö Kemi Savonlinna Loimaa Kristiinankaupunki Keuruu Imatra Alajärvi Uusikaupunki Kankaanpää Alavus Raahe Iisalmi Äänekoski Nurmes 44,5 % 44,5 % 44,2 % 43,9 % 43,3 % 42,7 % 39,9 % 39,9 % 39,4 % 38,6 % 38,2 % 38,1 % 37,8 % 37,4 % 37,1 % 36,9 % 36,7 % 36,6 % 36,6 % 36,4 % 35,5 % 35,4 % 35,1 % 34,8 % 34,5 % 33,2 % 32,9 % 32,7 % 32,4 % 31,8 % 31,7 % 31,2 % 30,5 % 30,3 % 30,2 % 29,9 % 28,2 % 51,8 % 40

41 The dependency ratio is one of the lowest in the country The Vaasa region has the third most advantageous dependency ratio in the country compared to all the 37 employment areas in Finland. For every employed person in the region, there are just 1.34 persons outside the labour force. The dependency ratio indicates how many unemployed persons and persons outside the labour force there are for each employed person. People outside the labour force encompass everyone outside it, including 0 14-year-olds, students, conscripts and pensioners. The dependency ratio in Finland s employment areas in 2016 Source: Statistics Finland Maarianhamina Helsinki Vaasa Närpiö Pietarsaari Turku Seinäjoki Tampere Whole country Uusikaupunki Kokkola Jyväskylä Rauma Kuopio Oulu Lappeenranta Loimaa Kristiinankaupunki Lahti Mikkeli Kajaani Kankaanpää Kouvola Iisalmi Joensuu Salo Pori Alavus Savonlinna Raahe Kotka Varkaus Imatra Alajärvi Äänekoski Kemi Keuruu Nurmes 1,07 1,17 1,34 1,35 1,37 1,38 1,41 1,42 1,43 1,43 1,47 1,49 1,49 1,50 1,51 1,56 1,58 1,59 1,59 1,60 1,61 1,63 1,66 1,68 1,68 1,69 1,70 1,71 1,82 1,83 1,83 1,86 1,87 1,88 1,88 1,89 1,96 2,05 41

42 Vaasa has the greatest growth of value added in the country s most important industries, compared to all the other sub-regions Vaasa Rauma Pori Seinäjoki Joensuu Lahti Rovaniemi Change of value added* in 20 of the largest subregions between In the Vaasa sub-region, the growth of value added has been more than double that of the second best sub-region. Industries: Metallurgy, the manufacture of metal and electronic products, electrical devices, other machines and appliances and motor and other vehicles. Lappeenranta Mikkeli Kouvola Kotka-Hamina Kuopio Jyväskylä Kemi-Tornio Hämeenlinna Turku -42 *) Value added = output at base price intermediate consumption Tampere Oulu Gross change of value added at base price and market prices (MEUR) in 20 of the largest sub-regions between Helsinki Salo MEUR Source: Statistics Finland 42

43 The amount of value added compared to the largest towns and cities in Finland Helsinki Tampere Oulu Vaasa Turku Pori 539 Value added* in 20 of the largest sub-regions in 2014 The amount of the value added in the Vaasa sub-region in 2014 was the fourth highest of the 20 largest sub-regions. Industries: Metallurgy, the manufacture of metal and electronic products, electrical devices, other machines and appliances and motor and other vehicles. Lahti Jyväskylä Rauma Kemi-Tornio Seinäjoki Joensuu Hämeenlinna *) Value added = output at base price intermediate consumption Salo Kotka-Hamina Lappeenranta 92 Kouvola 77 Kuopio 74 Gross value added at base price and market prices (MEUR) in the 20 largest sub-regions in 2014 Rovaniemi Mikkeli MEUR Source: Statistics Finland 43

44 Compared to the population, the residents of the Vaasa sub-region generate the largest value added of all the towns and cities Vaasa Kemi-Tornio Rauma Pori Oulu Helsinki Salo Tampere Seinäjoki Value added* per capita in 20 of the largest subregions in 2014 Jyväskylä Hämeenlinna Joensuu In proportion to the population, the Vaasa sub-region s value added was the highest of all the 20 largest subregions. Industries: Metallurgy, the manufacture of metal and electronic products, electrical devices, other machines and appliances and motor and other vehicles. Lahti Turku Kotka-Hamina Rovaniemi Lappeenranta Kouvola *) Value added = output at base price intermediate consumption Mikkeli Kuopio Source: Statistics Finland 44

45 The whole country and national economy (at market prices) billion Industries in total Properties; Professional, scientific and technological activities 18.4 Rental and administration of dwellings 1781 Health care and social services 17.7 Retail and wholesale, repair of motor vehicles and motorbikes 16.8 Metallurgy, manufacture of metal and electronic products, electrical devices, other machines and appliances and motor and other vehicles Other manufacturing 14.2 Public administration and social insurance 11.1 Construction 11.1 Education Value added by industry (EUR billion) nationwide in 2014 The companies in the Vaasa region s energy cluster mainly belong to the industrial sector, which is the most important industry in the country in terms of value added (value added EUR 14.8 billion). The value added of this industrial sector is the fifth highest compared to all the industries in Finland. Publishing; Audio-visual activities; Telecommunications; Data processing services 9.8 Transport and storage 8.8 Art, entertainment and recreation; Other services 5.3 Financing and insurance 5.2 Wood industry; Paper industry and printing 4.6 Forestry and fishing 3.5 Accommodation and food services 2.9 Food industry, etc. 2.6 Agriculture and hunting 1.4 Housekeeping services 0.2 Source: Statistics Finland 45

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