AIRPORT IMPACT ANALYSIS/MASTER PLAN. Chapter 1 - Airport Inventory 1.0 INTRODUCTION

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1 1.0 INTRODUCTION The first step in the preparation of this master plan for Dallas Love Field (DAL) is a complete inventory of all information that currently exists and pertains to the airport and the immediate surrounding community that the airport serves. Such items include existing airport facilities, area airspace and air traffic control, activity statistics, as well as background information regarding the Dallas metroplex area. The data collection effort also entails defining the role of the airport in the regional and national airspace systems, identifying the local surface transportation system serving the airport, identifying the community s population, and a review of the airport s existing Noise Control Program. The information provided in this chapter attempts to outline the foundation for all of the subsequent chapters. The information was obtained through on-site inspection of the airport, interviews with airport staff and tenants, roadway and traffic surveys, as well as meeting with the public and representatives of the local planning agencies and FAA. In addition, available documents and studies concerning the airport and the local Dallas area were researched and information used where appropriate. 1-1

2 1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION Dallas-Love Field is located in an urbanized area within the Dallas, Texas city limits approximately seven miles north of the city s central business district (CBD). The airport encompasses 1,300 acres and is owned and operated by the City of Dallas. Figure 1-1, Location Map, geographically depicts the location of the airport. Regional freeway access to Dallas Love Field Airport (DAL) is provided by the Dallas North Tollway, the Stemmons Freeway, and the John Carpenter Freeway. Regional arterial access is provided by Mockingbird Lane, Lemmon Drive, Harry Hines Boulevard, and the Northwest Highway. Other arterial roads in the vicinity of DAL include Inwood Road, Denton Drive, Lovers Lane and Midway Road Airport Vicinity The area in the vicinity of the airport consists of a mixture of varying types of residential development, commercial uses, industrial uses, and a variety of mixed land uses. Important to this study was the identification of local neighborhood and municipal boundaries in order to assess the impact of future airport activity within the surrounding environs. Figure 1-2, Airport Vicinity Map presents the airport along with neighborhoods, streets, and municipal boundaries identified. The following description of the airport s surrounding environs is divided into quadrants north, south, east, and west of the airport. North. As depicted, immediately outside the airport boundary west of Shorecrest Road is Bachman Lake and its associated park facilities. Further west of Bachman Lake and Northwest Highway the area consists primarily of commercial/industrial type development. The land area bounded by Webb Chapel, Denton and Lombard contains multi and single family residential uses. Residential uses become consistent north of Lombard and the Calvary Hill Cemetery and east of Harry Hines. More commercial/industrial type development can be found further west of and along the corridors of Denton Road and Harry Hines Boulevard bounded by Interstate 35E (I-35E) and the Northwest Highway. West. Continuing south from the Northwest Highway and east of Walton Walker Boulevard is the Trinity River Green Belt Park which traverses west and south of I-35E. The Love Field West Neighborhood is located directly west of the airport and is bounded by Harry Hines Boulevard, Mockingbird Road, Denton Drive and Burbank. This neighborhood is predominantly single-family housing with a few multi-family dispersed within it. There are a few pockets of strip type commercial development along Denton west of the airport as well as along the Harry Hines corridor. Further west of Harry Hines and east of Stemmons Freeway is the Brook Hollow Country Club that is surrounded by a mix of commercial and industrial land uses south to Record Crossing. A pocket of residential homes is bounded by Harry Hines on the east, Record Crossing on the north, the railroad and Stemmons Freeway to the west, and Inwood Road to the south. South. The airport is bounded on the south by Mockingbird and commercial/industrial uses exist along its entire corridor up to Lemmon Avenue. The land area located between Mockingbird and Inwood contains mostly commercial/industrial uses however there are apartment complexes intermingled as well. 1-2

3 South of Inwood, the area bounded by Harry Hines, Dallas North Tollway and Lemmon becomes predominantly residential. Within those limits are the Neighborhoods of Oak Lawn Heights, Perry Heights, and Oak Lawn Place. East of Lemmon the area remains mostly residential and extends into Highland Park. Highland Park s northern most boundary abuts University Park. East. Lemmon Avenue is located along the eastern boundary of the airport. Immediately east of Lemmon, bounded by Mockingbird, the Dallas North Tollway, and Northwest Highway, are several residential neighborhoods including among others, Shorecrest Estates, North Park Love Field, Greenway Park, and Bluffview. Land uses remain predominantly single family residential further to the north and east of Northwest Highway 1-3

4 Insert Figure 1-1 Vicinity Map 1-4

5 Insert Figure 1-2 Location Map 1-5

6 1.1.2 Population According to a report published by the Texas A&M University s Real Estate Center (Real Estate Market Overview, Dallas, June 2000), Dallas is the second largest Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) in Texas, with more than three million people living in the area. The Dallas MSA population growth since 1970 is presented in Table 1-1. The MSA consists of the following counties: Dallas, Collin, Denton, Ellis, Henderson, Hunt, Kaufman, and Rockwall. The three fastest growing counties in the Dallas MSA are Collin, Rockwall, and Denton. Table 1-1 Dallas MSA Population Year Population Percent Change ,630, ,055, (10 years) ,689, (10 years) ,744, ,790, ,842, ,897, ,958, ,032, ,117, ,202, ,280, Source: The Real Estate Center, Texas A&M University, Population projections for the Dallas MSA developed by the Texas State Data Center and the Texas Water Development Board are presented in Table 1-2. The Texas Water Development Board is projecting a slightly slower growth rate than that of the State Data Center. Table 1-2 Projected Dallas MSA Population Year Texas State Data Center Texas Water Development Board ,525, ,794,385 3,981, ,093, ,437,355 4,792,403 Source: The Real Estate Market Overview, Dallas Texas A&M University, June According to the recently released 2000 Census information, the City of Dallas population increased from 1,006,877 to 1,188,580, an increase of 181,703 persons. This represents an percent from 1990 to In addition, a query of the Census 2000 data indicates that 305,993 persons live within a five mile radius from terminal building at Love Field. 1 U.S. Census PL94-171; NCTCOG, March

7 1.1.3 Employment and Personal Income Major industries in the Dallas MSA include military contracting, technology and telecommunications, health care, and construction. The Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area was the second in the nation in number of jobs created in According to the Texas Workforce Commission, 59,844 new jobs were created in 1999 in the Dallas MSA. Unemployment has continued to decline as job growth has increased and the median per capita income for the Dallas metro area was $30,481 in 1997 as compared to the state average of $23,707 according to the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Overall, the Dallas economy remains strong and is expected to see continued growth. Population and employment are expected to continue to grow over the next year. 1.2 AIRPORT ROLE AND REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT Role Dallas Love Field (DAL) in located within, and owned and operated by, the City of Dallas. It serves both the commercial airline industry as well as corporate/business aviation and the smaller general aviation community. The airport is a hub for Southwest Airlines, and Legend Airlines. Other airlines currently providing service include; Continental, American, and ASA/Delta. Love Field is classified as a Primary Commercial Service airport in the FAA s National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (NPIAS). This definition is used to define the type of aircraft the airport can accommodate as well as the type of public service provided to the public and the funding categories set by Congress to assist in airport development Laws and Regulations Commercial operations at Love Field (DAL) in Dallas are circumscribed by the Wright and Shelby Amendments which prohibit operators of large aircraft from holding out for sale or providing transportation to points beyond Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Kansas, Mississippi, and Alabama. Recently, the U.S. Department of Transportation ruled that this prohibition does not apply to aircraft with 56 or fewer seats and gross weight of less than 300,000 pounds. Other legal issues have also recently been resolved. The change in the special regulatory framework for the airport was affirmed when the U.S. Supreme Court chose not to review a Fifth Circuit ruling upholding the DOT s interpretation of the Wright and Shelby Amendments. As a consequence, it is likely that there will be changes in air service at Love Field in the coming years. This study was also designed to evaluate the impact, if any, of those changes. The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) does regulate access to airports by qualified air carrier operators. In general, an airport proprietor may not directly or indirectly ban access to the airport by an otherwise qualified air carrier operator. An airport proprietor who unreasonably or discriminatorily hinders access for air carriers effectively regulates their routes, which is contrary to the federal preemption authority over rates, routes and services. The Federal Aviation Administration has the major federal role of overseeing and regulating the national system of airports. Federal involvement in airport development takes place in four principal areas: 1-7

8 Financial support under various capital improvement and property acquisition programs and planning programs. Technical assistance including advisory services on system and master planning and the development of airport design, construction and maintenance standards. Federally sponsored research and development Preparation and publication of the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (NPIAS). Federal funding for airport planning and development projects is provided under the Airport Improvement Program (AIP), and authorized by the Airport and Airway Safety and Capacity Expansion Act of Federal aid for airport development extends only to those considered necessary by the FAA to meet the needs of the national airspace system. The FAA Reauthorization Act (2000) requires that the City of Dallas, as well as 41 other airports throughout the nation, submit to the FAA an Airline Competition Plan for Love Field as a condition of continued AIP eligibility after September 30, The governing rules affecting aviation activity at Dallas Love Field are the Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR s). Procedures for processing airport development projects with regard to the environment are contained in FAA Order (A) that was written to conform to the guidelines of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). In addition to Federal laws and guidelines, the City of Dallas enacted the Dallas Love Field Policies in the early 1980 s. The Love Field Policies recognize the airport s role and importance to the total Dallas community, while at the same time recognizing that aircraft operations do have an impact on the surrounding neighborhoods. Within the Policies, goals have been set to achieve: a reduction in noise for 1992, the promotion of land use compatibility generally consistent with FAR Part 150, voluntary means to reduce population and acreage impacted within the 65+ DNL contours. The Love Field Policies provided a means for reviewing the effectiveness of the Love Field Noise Control Program back in 1992 in terms of reassessing the goals previously established. Since that time the Department of Aviation has conducted noise contour updates to define the noise exposure in the airport environs. The last of these updates was conducted in

9 1.3 ACTIVITY STATISTICS Historic based aircraft for Dallas Love Field are provided in Table 1-3. Aviation Activity Statistic are presented in Table 1-4. Table 1-3 Based Aircraft Year Based Aircraft Source: FAA APO Terminal Area Forecast Detail Report, 7/25/2000 and Love Field Operations Dept. Table 1-4 Love Field Historic Activity Year Air Carrier Air Taxi GA Military Annual Enplanements Annual Operations ,023 23, ,532 1,711 2,878, , ,437 19, ,498 1,321 2,805, , ,807 25,449 96,874 1,387 2,948, , ,185 25,785 93,687 1,550 3,188, , ,408 31,887 87,331 1,431 3,412, , ,414 28,483 85,402 1,408 3,422, , ,571 26,367 95,620 1,168 3,538, , ,457 27, ,952 1,054 3,407, , ,960 29, , ,359, , ,623 41, ,145 1,087 3,409, ,440 YTD June ,609 25,945 49, ,737, ,769 Source: Love Field Operations Records and Flight Data Reports. 1-9

10 1.4 EXISTING AIRPORT FACILITIES Airport facilities are divided into two categories, referred to the airside and the landside. The airside is typically defined as the runway, taxiway and any other airfield component associated with the movement of aircraft in and out of the airport. The landside includes the remaining airport facilities needed to support the operation of the airport and any other related businesses. The existing airport facilities are depicted on Figure Airside Facilities Love Field s Airport Reference Code (ARC) is C-III, meaning that the design criteria used at the airport is based upon the operational and physical characteristics of the airplanes intended to operate at it. In this case, aircraft approach category C are those airplanes having an approach speed of 121 knots or more but less than 141 knots. Airplane design group III is based on a wingspan of 79 feet up to but not including 118 feet. The airport has two parallel east-west runways, 13L-31R and 13R-31L, and a single north-south runway Runway 13L-31R measures 8,800 feet in length and has a width of 150 feet and Runway 13R-31L is 7,753 feet long and 150 feet wide. Both of the runways are concrete, grooved and in good condition with precision approach marking, runway centerline lighting and high intensity runway lighting. Runway is 6,149 feet long and 150 feet wide. It is asphalt in fair condition with non-precision marking and high intensity runway lighting. Taxiways A, B (13L-31R), C (13R-31L), and D (18-36) are full-length taxiways with entrance/exits at each runway end. The taxiways are 75 feet wide with the exception of E and G, which are 50 feet wide, and F, which is 40 feet wide. There are taxiway centerline lights on all of the taxiways. For the protection of persons and property on the ground, runway protection zones or RPZ s, are located at both runway ends. RPZ s should be clear of incompatible objects and activities, such as antennas or places of public assembly. RPZ dimensions are a function of the critical aircraft and visibility minimums for landing. The following Table 1-5 presents a summary of the runway data for Love Field. Table 1-5 Runway Data Item Runway 13R-31L Runway 13L-31R Runway Runway Dimension 8,800 x 150 7,753 x 150 6,149 x 150 Pavement Type Concrete Concrete Asphalt Pavement Strength 100,000 SW, 200,000 DW 350,000 DT 100,000 SW, 200,000 DW 350,000 DT 50,000 SW, 74,000 DW, 138,000 DT Runway Marking Precision Precision Non-Precision Instrument Approach Aids LOC/DME, ILS/DME, LOC/DME, ILS/DME, GPS, NDB GPS, NDB GPS, NDB Runway Protection Zone 1,000 x 1,700 x 2,500 1,000 x 1,700 x 2, x 1,000 x 1,700 Approach Surface 50:1 50:1 20:1 Glide Slope Angle Visual Aids None/VASI VASI/None VASI/VASI Runway Lighting HIRL, REIL HIRL, REIL HIRL, REIL Source: PSA - Airport Layout Plan,

11 Insert Figure 1-3 Existing Facilities (entire airport layout) 1-11

12 1.4.2 LANDSIDE FACILITIES AND GATES Existing Gates Figure 1-4 presents a depiction of the existing and historic gate use at Love Field. Prior to the opening of Dallas Fort Worth International Airport, the main terminal building at Love Field contained 55 working gates. There are various lease restrictions in place in the main terminal building however, in addition to the 55 gates there are six privately owned gates on the Lemmon Avenue side of the airport, equating to 61 total gates. The following description provides an overview of the total number of gates in scheduled use and the number of additional gates and the conditions under which terminal expansion or major airfield modifications could be planned in the future. Gates West Concourse (WCC) Southwest Airlines (SWA) lease expires 12/16/06 14 East Concourse (ECC)CO/AA (CO lease expires 6/30/04) 2 Love Field Terminal Gates Currently in Use 16 Lemmon Avenue Terminal Gates 6 Total Airport Gates Currently in Use 22 Love Field Terminal Gates Available For Use West Concourse (WCC) There are no additional gates available for use on the West Concourse. A previous 15 th gate has been replaced by public necessity and convenience spaces. North Concourse (NCC) - There are 10 available NCC gates, 2 are ground level loading and 6 are used for SWA office and training spaces. In addition, 10 other NCC gates are obstructed by SWA ramp/cabin services facilities. SWA leases the NCC with first-right-of-refusal to operate gates in scheduled service. Their lease expires 12/16/06. East Concourse (ECC ) - There are 15 available gates, 4 are at a ground level loading satellite building connected to the ECC. In addition to the 15 available gates, 4 gates originally operated on the interior ECC cul de sac are obstructed by Gulfstream Aviation facilities. The American Airlines lease of the ECC for office space expires 9/30/23. American has requested permission to activate 3 gates for scheduled airline service. Total Current Use/Available For Use Gates Love Field Terminal 41 Lemon Avenue Terminal 6 Total Airport 47 Total Current Use, Available For Use, and Obstructed Love Field Terminal 55 Lemmon Avenue Terminal 6 Total Airport

13 Insert Figure 1-4 Existing and Historic Gates 1-13

14 Existing Terminal Building Figure 1-5 presents the overall layout of the existing Terminal Building. The following information provides an overview of each concourse area as well as the gross square footage of all terminal components provided in tabular format. West Concourse Southwest Airlines currently occupies the entire West Concourse. Passenger and public functions, including concessions and other passenger amenities are located on the second level. Operations, administrative and outbound baggage areas are all at ground level. There are 14 gates, all capable and the entire concourse, both first and second levels is comprised of 151,785 square feet. Passengers may access the West Concourse from the Central Lobby via a ramp and inclined moving sidewalk. Deplaning passengers can go directly to the Baggage Claim/Auto Rental Wing via stairs and escalator or via the Central Lobby. East Concourse The East Concourse can be subdivided into two parts: the East Concourse to Continental Express and the remainder of the concourse located east of Continental Express. American Airlines leases that which is east of Continental, however its leasehold is limited to office use and has not been approved for scheduled airline operations. The East Concourse to Continental consists of 41,104 square feet at ground level and partial second level. East of Continental the concourse is comprised of 192,908 square feet. The East Concourse can be accessed from the Central Lobby via an inclining and then declining bridge ramp. Continental Express and American Airlines share two gates that accommodate three aircraft parking positions. Passenger check-in and outbound baggage functions occur at ground level at the Continental Express / American Airlines shared facility. Stairs, escalators and an elevator provide passenger access to second level holdrooms, concessions and public amenities. Vehicle circulation is permitted below the East Concourse with access provided to the FAA Air Traffic Control Tower, airside gates through 49B to the Security Identification Display Area (SIDA), as well as the North Concourse, police station parking. Airline tugs with carts also use the road below the concourse for access to and from the Cargo Building. North Concourse The North Concourse consists of 148,258 square feet at first level and a partial second level. Southwest Airlines University for People training facility is located in the North Concourse at both the first and second levels. There are approximately 500 parking spaces for Southwest employee vehicles located at ground level on what used to be ramp area for the North Concourse. Southwest also leases three hangars located outside the end of the North Concourse for office and storage purposes. Central Lobby The Central Lobby is the focal space of the terminal building and provides access to ticketing for Southwest, Continental Express and American Airlines. The Central Lobby consists of 80,229 square feet and accommodates retail concessions, food and beverage concessions, seating areas and public amenities such as restrooms and telephones. 1-14

15 Insert Figure 5-5 Terminal Building 1-15

16 Continental Express has electronic ticketing check-in only and therefore has no outbound baggage area behind its Central Lobby ticket counters. These passengers are obligated to carry their baggage to the gate check-in area located in the East Concourse. The area east of the Central Lobby accommodates offices for the Frontiers of Flight Museum; vacant ticket counters and operations areas leased by ASA (Delta) and other storage areas. ASA /Delta currently operates in the Legend Terminal. The East Ticket Wing consists of 71,956 square feet and is vacant with the exception of approximately 4,600 square feet of FAA storage, Hudson News storage and Clean Team offices. American also leases the east portion of the existing vacant East Ticket Wing with curbside access. The Southwest Airlines Cargo Building is located north of this vacant ticket wing as well as Marquis Messenger Service and associated vehicle parking. The Baggage Claim / Auto Rental Wing consists of 22,750 square feet and provides six rental car counters, four baggage claim carousels, and restrooms for arriving passengers. Bag Claim is Positive requiring an attendant to confirm a match of the tagged bag and passenger receipt in order to reduce pilferage of bags and claims. The public circulation in the Central Lobby area leads to a below grade tunnel for access to and from the parking garage. The down ramp leads to the arrivals curb and ground transportation center. At the same location, is the main entrance up ramp leading to the departures curb. An inventory of all terminal space areas is presented in the following Tables 1-6 through

17 Table 1-6 Total Existing Terminal Building Enclosed Gross Square Feet (gsf) TOTAL ENCLOSED AREA BY CONCOURSE Table WEST CONCOURSE A. FIRST LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 73,691 a. Operations Station Administration 56,104 b. Circulation 6, Mechanical 3, Circulation 5,454 a. Stair / Escalator 1,926 b. Elevator 100 Subtotal 73,691 B. SECOND LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 35,681 a. Holdrooms 32,052 b. Agent Work Area 207 c. Ticketing/Customer Service Center Counter Length 17' d. Ticketing/Customer Service Center Counter Area 43 e. Operations 2,025 f. Children Play Area (Kidsport) 808 g. Storage Retail 13,103 a. Restaurant / Food & Beverage 8,938 b. Hudson News 3,287 c. Love Shines 720 d. Bank of America (ATM) 14 e. Bank One (ATM) 2 f. Solutioneering (Phone Card) 8 g. Ackerley Advertising 74 h. Hamilton (ATM) 4 I. Smarte Carte Security 1,879 1, Restrooms 4,241 4, Circulation 23,190 23,190 Subtotal 78,094 TOTAL WEST CONCOURSE 151,

18 2. TICKET WING Table 1-6 (cont d) A. FIRST LEVEL 1. FAA Storage 1,154 1, American Airlines 27,593 a. Operation & Station Administration 21,620 b. Circulation 5, Vacant 32,633 32, Retail 3,571 a. Hudson News 1,520 b. Clean Team 2, Circulation 5,328 7,005 a. Stair / Escalator 1,629 b. Elevator 48 Subtotal 71,956 TOTAL TICKET WING 71, NORTH CONCOURSE A. FIRST LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 84,952 a. SW University (Training) 66,437 b. Circulation 18, Comair (Delta Airlines) 1,625 a. Holdrooms 1, Circulation 4,652 8,138 a. Stair / Escalator 3,438 b. Elevator Mechanical 4,029 4,029 Subtotal 98,744 B. SECOND LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 49,514 a. SW University (Training) 30,741 b. Circulation 18,773 Subtotal 49,514 TOTAL NORTH CONCOURSE 148,

19 4. EAST CONCOURSE Table 1-6 (cont d) (FROM MAIN TERMINAL TO CONTINENTAL) A. FIRST LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 1,520 a. Vacant 1,372 b. Circulation Continental Airlines 7,454 a. Agent Ticketing 112 b. Counter Length 23'-2" c. Counter Work Area 70 d. Baggage Claim 1,696 e. Outbound Baggage 100 f. Security 518 g. Storage 2,073 h. Restrooms 616 i. Circulation 2, Retail 43 a. Northern Bank (ATM) 5 b. Smarte Carte Circulation 9,076 10,611 a. Stair / Escalator 1,487 b. Elevator Mechanical 9,260 9, American Airlines a. Outbound Baggage Area 2,133 2,133 Subtotal 31,021 B. SECOND LEVEL 1. Continental Airlines 7,186 a. Holdrooms 7, Retail 346 a. Hudson News 126 b. Multi-Restaurant 220 Subtotal 7,532 TOTAL EAST CONCOURSE FROM MAIN 38,553 TERMINAL TO CONTINENTAL 1-19

20 5. EAST CONCOURSE (EAST OF CONTINENTAL) Table 1-6 (cont d) A. FIRST LEVEL 1. American Airlines 93,607 a. Agent Ticketing 134 b. Counter Length 38'-6" c. Counter Work Area 113 d. Operations, Admin. Office 51,381 e. Vacant 30,875 e. Circulation 11,104 Subtotal 93, Circulation 3,276 a. Stair / Escalator 3,042 b. Elevator 234 Subtotal 3,276 B. SECOND LEVEL 1. American Airlines 95,240 a. Holdrooms 8,204 b. Circulation 15,642 c. American Leasehold 71,394 East of Gate 3 Complex d. Vacant 45,103 Subtotal 95,240 TOTAL EAST CONCOURSE 192,123 (EAST OF CONTINENTAL) 1-20

21 6. CENTRAL LOBBY Table 1-6 (cont d) A. FIRST LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 13,517 a. Agent Ticketing 1,000 b. Operations / Offices 5,150 c. Outbound Baggage 7,076 d. Counter Length 116'-6" e. Counter Work Area American Airlines 4,627 a. Operations / Offices 2,484 b. Counter Length c. Counter Work Area 117 d. Agent Ticketing 310 e. Outbound Baggage 1, Comair (Delta Airlines) 1,433 a. Agent Ticketing (Vacant) 214 b. Operations / Offices (Vacant) 1,119 c. Counter Length (Vacant) 28'-6" d. Counter Work Area (Vacant) Continental Express 182 a. Agent Ticketing 121 b. Counter Length 17'-6" c. Counter Work Area Retail 14,877 a. Pass Associates 369 b. WHS Specialties 720 c. Art Gallery 1,875 d. Hudson News 1. Retail 1,518 e. Multi Restaurant, Inc. 1. Food / Beverage 3, Storage 1, Operations 3,375 f. Smarte Carte 75 g. Bank of American (ATM) 8 h. Chase Bank (ATM) 6 I. Pay Phones 431 j. Frontiers of Flight Museum Office 1, Restrooms 1,806 1, Security / Police Station 3,227 3, Circulation 36,883 38,109 a. Stair / Escalator 1,026 b. Elevator Vacant 2,451 2,451 Subtotal 80,

22 B. SECOND LEVEL Table 1-6 (cont d) 1. Mechanical 1, Restrooms 1, Multi Restaurant a. Support 5, Aviation Department Offices 10, Frontiers of Flight Museum 4, Southwest Airlines a. Pilot Briefing, Lounge, Admin. Offices 7,113 b. Circulation 1,913 Subtotal 31,918 TOTAL CENTRAL LOBBY 112,

23 7. AUTO RENTAL / BAGGAGE CLAIM WING Table 1-6 (cont d) A. FIRST LEVEL 1. Circulation 8,735 9,599 a. Stair / Escalator Southwest Airlines 226 a. Baggage Service Office Auto Rental a. Budget Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 19' b. National Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 19' c. Advantage Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 18'-9" d. Dollar Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 19' e. Avis Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 19' f. Hertz Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 19' 4. Retail 304 a. Smarte Carte 300 b. Encore Technologies (Phone Card) 4 5. Baggage Claim (within positive claim area) 10,595 10, Restrooms 1,152 1,152 Subtotal 22,750 TOTAL AUTO / BAGGAGE CLAIM AREA 22,

24 8. OFFICE TOWERS Table 1-6 (cont d) A. 3RD, 4TH & 5TH LEVELS 1. Multi Restaurant 13,127 a. Support 13, FAA City of Dallas 1,260 a. 4th Level 912 b. 5th Level Love Shines Edward Just Associates 2,080 2, Microburst Communications Circulation 1,004 1,004 Subtotal 18,755 TOTAL OFFICE TOWERS 18, BASEMENT A. Multi Restaurant Storage 475 B. City of Dallas Aviation 18, Storage 5, Support / Operations 12,917 C. Mechanical 32, West Concourse 6, East Concourse 8, Baggage Claim 2, North Concourse 4, Main Terminal 7, Ticket Wing 4,112 D. Circulation 77, Main Terminal 16, Ticket Wing 9, East Concourse 10, North Concourse 17, West Concourse 22,534 Subtotal 129,077 TOTAL BASEMENT 129,077 GRAND TOTAL 885,

25 10. AIRCRAFT GATE POSITIONS Table 1-6 (cont d) A. West Concourse 14 B. North Concourse (Possible) 7 C. East Concourse to Continental (Utilized as 3 with AA/CO Mix) CURBSIDE CANOPIES (Common Use) A. Enplaning Curb 5,000 B. Deplaning Curb 4, EXTERIOR LANDSCAPED AREAS (Common Use) A. Garden Off of Central Lobby 3, LINEAR FEET OF EFFECTIVE CURB LENGTH (Common Use) A. Enplaning 650 B. Deplaning 530 C. Ground Transportation Center (Enplaning & Deplaning) 100 Source: Edward Just Associates. The purpose in providing the following Table 1-7 is to show significant portions of the existing terminal that are not utilized for airline/airport functional and operational areas. These include the Office Tower, the East Concourse East of Continental, the East Ticket Wing, and Southwest Airlines University for People on the North Concourse and portions of the extensive basement areas. Of the approximately 885,404 square feet of the terminal building, only 426,674 square feet, or 48% are directly involved in passenger enplaning and deplaning functions, public areas and amenities. 1-25

26 Table 1-7 Total Existing Utilized Operational Areas (gsf) (Excludes Vacant Operational Areas) FUNCTIONAL AREAS BY CONCOURSE Table WEST CONCOURSE A. FIRST LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 73,691 a. Operations Station Administration 56,104 b. Circulation 6, Mechanical 3, Circulation 5,454 a. Stair / Escalator 1,926 b. Elevator 100 Subtotal 73,691 B. SECOND LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 35,681 a. Holdrooms 32,052 b. Agent Work Area 207 c. Ticketing/Customer Service Center Counter Length 17' d. Ticketing/Customer Service Center Counter Area 43 e. Operations 2,025 f. Children Play Area (Kidsport) 808 g. Storage Retail 13,103 a. Restaurant / Food & Beverage 8,938 b. Hudson News 3,287 c. Love Shines 720 d. Bank of America (ATM) 14 e. Bank One (ATM) 2 f. Solutioneering (Phone Card) 8 g. Ackerley Advertising 74 h. Hamilton (ATM) 4 I. Smarte Carte Security 1,879 1, Restrooms 4,241 4, Circulation 23,190 23,190 Subtotal 78,094 TOTAL WEST CONCOURSE 151,

27 2. TICKET WING Table 1-7 (cont d) A. FIRST LEVEL 1. FAA Storage 1,154 1, Vacant 32,633 32, Retail 3,571 a. Hudson News 1,520 b. Clean Team 2,051 Subtotal 37,358 TOTAL TICKET WING 37, EAST CONCOURSE FROM MAIN TERMINAL TO CONTINENTAL A. FIRST LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 1,520 a. Vacant 1,372 b. Circulation Continental Airlines 7,454 a. Agent Ticketing 112 b. Counter Length 23'-2" c. Counter Work Area 70 d. Baggage Claim 1,696 e. Outbound Baggage 100 f. Security 518 g. Storage 2,073 h. Restrooms 616 i. Circulation 2, Retail 43 a. Northern Bank (ATM) 5 b. Smarte Carte Circulation 9,076 10,611 a. Stair / Escalator 1,487 b. Elevator Mechanical 9,260 9, American Airlines a. Outbound Baggage Area 2,133 2,133 Subtotal 31,021 B. SECOND LEVEL 1. Continental Airlines 7,186 a. Holdrooms 7, Retail 346 a. Hudson News 126 b. Multi-Restaurant 220 Subtotal 7,532 TOTAL EAST CONCOURSE FROM MAIN 38,553 TERMINAL TO CONTINENTAL 1-27

28 4. CENTRAL LOBBY Table 1-7 (cont d) A. FIRST LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 13,517 a. Agent Ticketing 1,000 b. Operations / Offices 5,150 c. Outbound Baggage 7,076 d. Counter Length 116'-6" e. Counter Work Area American Airlines 4,627 a. Operations / Offices 2,484 b. Counter Length c. Counter Work Area 117 d. Agent Ticketing 310 e. Outbound Baggage 1, Continental Express 182 a. Agent Ticketing 121 b. Counter Length 17'-6" c. Counter Work Area Retail 14,877 a. Pass Associates 369 b. WHS Specialties 720 c. Art Gallery 1,875 d. Hudson News 1. Retail 1,518 e. Multi Restaurant, Inc. 1. Food / Beverage 3, Storage 1, Operations 3,375 f. Smarte Carte 75 g. Bank of American (ATM) 8 h. Chase Bank (ATM) 6 I. Pay Phones 431 j. Frontiers of Flight Museum Office 1, Restrooms 1,806 1, Security / Police Station 3,227 3, Circulation 36,883 38,109 a. Stair / Escalator 1,026 b. Elevator 200 Subtotal 76,345 B. SECOND LEVEL 1. Mechanical 1, Restrooms 1, Multi Restaurant a. Support 5, Aviation Department Offices 10, Frontiers of Flight Museum 4, Southwest Airlines a. Pilot Briefing, Lounge, Admin. Offices 7,113 b. Circulation 1,913 Subtotal 31,918 TOTAL CENTRAL LOBBY 108,

29 5. AUTO RENTAL / BAGGAGE CLAIM WING Table 1-7 (cont d) A. FIRST LEVEL 1. Circulation 8,735 9,599 a. Stair / Escalator Southwest Airlines 226 a. Baggage Service Office Auto Rental a. Budget Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 19' b. National Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 19' c. Advantage Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 18'-9" d. Dollar Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 19' e. Avis Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 19' f. Hertz Rent-A-Car Agent Ticketing Counter Area Counter Length 19' 4. Retail 304 a. Smarte Carte 300 b. Encore Technologies (Phone Card) 4 5. Baggage Claim (within positive claim area) 10,595 10, Restrooms 1,152 1,152 Subtotal 22,750 TOTAL AUTO / BAGGAGE CLAIM AREA 22,

30 6. OFFICE TOWERS Table 1-7 (cont d) A. 3RD, 4TH & 5TH LEVELS 1. Multi Restaurant 13,127 a. Support 13, Love Shines Subtotal 13,423 TOTAL OFFICE TOWERS 13, BASEMENT A. Multi Restaurant Storage 475 B. City of Dallas Aviation 18, Storage 5, Support / Operations 12,917 C. Mechanical 32, West Concourse 6, East Concourse 8, Baggage Claim 2, North Concourse 4, Main Terminal 7, Ticket Wing 4,112 Subtotal 51,991 TOTAL BASEMENT 51,991 GRAND TOTAL 424, AIRCRAFT GATE POSITIONS A. West Concourse 14 B. North Concourse (Available) 2 C. East Concourse to Continental (Utilized as 3 with AA/CO Mix) CURBSIDE CANOPIES (Common Use) A. Enplaning Curb 5,000 B. Deplaning Curb 4, EXTERIOR LANDSCAPED AREAS (Common Use) A. Garden Off of Central Lobby 3, LINEAR FEET OF EFFECTIVE CURB LENGTH (Common Use) A. Enplaning 650 B. Deplaning 530 C. Ground Transportation Center (Enplaning & Deplaning) 100 Source: Edward Just Associates. The next Table 1-8 presents all vacant areas distinguished from the 462,066 square feet of unutilized areas. These areas can potentially be used for airline and airport operations. However, simply because a vacant area can potentially be utilized for airline or airport operations, does not indicate that these areas are in fact located or configured for reuse, nor that in their current condition, they are available for reuse. 1-30

31 Table 1-8 Total Existing Vacant Operational Areas (gsf) TOTAL VACANT AREA BY CONCOURSE Table TICKET WING A. FIRST LEVEL 1. American Airlines 27,593 a. Operation & Station Administration 21,620 b. Circulation 5, Circulation 5,328 7,005 a. Stair / Escalator 1,629 b. Elevator 48 Subtotal 34,598 TOTAL TICKET WING 34, NORTH CONCOURSE A. FIRST LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 84,952 a. SW University (Training) 66,437 b. Circulation 18, Comair (Delta Airlines) 1,625 a. Holdrooms 1, Circulation 4,652 8,138 a. Stair / Escalator 3,438 b. Elevator Mechanical 4,029 4,029 Subtotal 98,744 B. SECOND LEVEL 1. Southwest Airlines 49,514 a. SW University (Training) 30,741 b. Circulation 18,773 Subtotal 49,514 TOTAL NORTH CONCOURSE 148,

32 3. EAST CONCOURSE (EAST OF CONTINENTAL) Table 1-8 (Cont d) A. FIRST LEVEL 1. American Airlines 93,607 a. Agent Ticketing 134 b. Counter Length 38'-6" c. Counter Work Area 113 d. Operations, Admin. Office 51,381 e. Vacant 30,875 e. Circulation 11,104 Subtotal 93, Circulation 4,061 a. Stair / Escalator 3,827 b. Elevator 234 Subtotal 4,061 B. SECOND LEVEL 1. American Airlines 95,240 a. Holdrooms 8,204 b. Circulation 15,642 c. American Leasehold 71,394 East of Gate 3 Complex d. Vacant 45,103 Subtotal 95,240 TOTAL EAST CONCOURSE 192,908 (EAST OF CONTINENTAL) 4. CENTRAL LOBBY A. FIRST LEVEL 1. Comair (Delta Airlines) 1,433 a. Agent Ticketing (Vacant) 214 b. Operations / Offices (Vacant) 1,119 c. Counter Length (Vacant) 28'-6" d. Counter Work Area (Vacant) 100 Subtotal 1,433 TOTAL CENTRAL LOBBY 1, OFFICE TOWERS A. 3RD, 4TH & 5TH LEVELS 1. FAA City of Dallas 1,260 a. 4th Level 912 b. 5th Level Edward Just Associates 2,080 2, Microburst Communications Circulation 1,004 1,004 Subtotal 5,332 TOTAL OFFICE TOWERS 5,

33 6. BASEMENT Table 1-8 (Cont d) A. Circulation 77, Main Terminal 16, Ticket Wing 9, East Concourse 10, North Concourse 17, West Concourse 22,534 Subtotal 77,086 TOTAL BASEMENT 77,086 GRAND TOTAL 459, AIRCRAFT GATE POSITIONS A. West Concourse 14 B. North Concourse (Possible) 7 C. East Concourse to Continental (Utilized as 3 with AA/CO Mix) 2 8. CURBSIDE CANOPIES (Common Use) A. Enplaning Curb 5,000 B. Deplaning Curb 4, EXTERIOR LANDSCAPED AREAS (Common Use) A. Garden Off of Central Lobby 3, LINEAR FEET OF EFFECTIVE CURB LENGTH (Common Use) A. Enplaning 650 B. Deplaning 530 C. Ground Transportation Center (Enplaning & Deplaning) 100 Source: Edward Just Associates. 1-33

34 1.5 AIRSPACE Airspace Jurisdictions Controlled airspace is a generic term that encompasses the different classifications of airspace specified in Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 71 within which air traffic control service is provided. The controlled airspace surrounding DFW and DAL consists of Class B and Class D airspace jurisdictions. The FAA defines these jurisdictions as follows (a discussion of Class C airspace is also included for reference): Class B Airspace Class B airspace is defined as the airspace surrounding the nation s busiest airports in terms of aircraft operations or passenger enplanements. The configuration of Class B airspace is individually tailored, but generally consists of a surface layer and two or more additional layers designed to contain all published instrument procedures associated with an airport. All aircraft that operate within Class B airspace must obtain air traffic control (ATC) clearances and receive separation services within the airspace. In addition, all aircraft operating within Class B airspace are required to carry certain communications equipment to ensure they can be monitored by air traffic controllers. Class C Airspace Class C airspace consists of the airspace surrounding airports that have an operational airport traffic control tower (ATCT), are serviced by radar approach control, and accommodate minimum levels of aviation activity as specified by the FAA. 1 Like Class B airspace, Class C airspace is individually tailored for the airports they serve. These airspace areas generally consist of a surface area with an additional layer above it, resembling an upside-down wedding cake. Pilots are required to establish twoway radio communications with the ATC facility providing air traffic services prior to entering Class C airspace and must maintain those communications while in the airspace. Within Class C airspace, air traffic controllers are required to separate aircraft operating under visual flight rules (VFR) from aircraft operating under instrument flight rules (IFR), but are not required to separate VFR operations from one another. Class D Airspace Class D airspace consists of the airspace surrounding airports that have an operational ATCT, but do not meet the other requirements necessary to be designated as Class C airspace. Class D airspace is individually tailored for each airport, but generally consists of a single layer that extends from the ground to an altitude of 2,500 feet above the airport s elevation. Air traffic controllers are not required to provide separation services to VFR flights within Class D airspace. Figure 1-6 shows an idealized generic profile of Class B, Class C, and Class D airspace. This diagram does not represent the actual configuration of these classes of airspace in the Dallas Metroplex but does provide a basis upon which these airspace jurisdictions can be compared. As shown in the figure, Class B airspace extends higher than Class C and Class D airspace. The figure also shows how the various airspace jurisdictions are centered on the airports with which they are associated. 1 FAA Order D, Procedures for Handling Airspace Matters, specifies that Class C airspace should accommodate at least (1) 75,000 annual instrument operations at the primary airport, (2) 250,000 passenger enplanements at the primary airport, or (3) 100,000 annual instrument operations at the primary airport and any secondary airports within the Class C airspace. 1-34

35 Insert Figure 1-6 Generic Profile Classes of Airspace 1-35

36 Figure 1-7 shows a plan view of the boundaries of Class B and Class D airspace in the Metroplex. The DFW Class B airspace consists of several layers that extend from the surface up to 11,000 feet above mean sea level (MSL). The DAL airspace is located totally within the DFW Class B airspace. Class D airspace jurisdictions are associated with Addison Airport, Redbird Airport, Fort Worth Meacham Field, NAS Fort Worth/Carswell, Alliance Airport, and McKinney Airport. Class D airspace is generally located beneath the Class B airspace associated with the principal air carrier airport. In addition, adjacent Class B airspace significantly influences the boundaries of Class D airspace. For example, the Class D airspace associated with Addison Airport is foreshortened south and west of the airport to accommodate the surface layer of the DFW Class B airspace. Air Traffic Control Facilities Air traffic control (ATC) is a service provided by an appropriate authority to assure safety and to promote the orderly, xpeditious flow of air traffic. In the U.S., the FAA is generally responsible for ATC. The ATC system and associated services are provided by various types of facilities that have different functions and control different types of airspace. ATC facilities serving air traffic in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex include (1) the Fort Worth Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC), (2) the Dallas/ Fort Worth Terminal Radar Approach Control Facility (DFW TRACON) located at DFW, and (3) ATCTs located at various Metroplex airports. The following paragraphs describe the roles of these three facilities. Fort Worth ARTCC The Fort Worth ARTCC controls IFR flights that are enroute to or from Metroplex airports, as well as air traffic that transits the Metroplex above the airspace controlled by the Dallas/Fort Worth TRACON. One of the primary duties of ARTCC controllers is to ensure that safe separations are maintained among aircraft before arrivals enter and after departures leave TRACON airspace. Accordingly, ARTCC controllers are responsible for the initial sequencing and metering of arrivals into Metroplex airspace. DFW TRACON The primary responsibility of the DFW TRACON is to sequence arrivals and departures to and from Metroplex airports. In addition, TRACON controllers provide separation services to aircraft that transit the Metroplex within TRACON airspace. TRACON controllers establish arrival and departure sequences in order to use TRACON airspace efficiently while ensuring that safe separations are maintained among aircraft operations. DFW TRACON controllers are responsible for a volume of airspace that extends over approximately 9,000 square miles of the Dallas/Fort Worth area. The TRACON airspace is actually octagonal in shape, but generally square, as the four sides at the corners are relatively short. The longer boundaries of the TRACON are based on four VOR navigational aids. These are the Glen Rose (JEN) VORTAC, Cedar Creek (CQY) VORTAC, Bonham (BYP) VORTAC, and Bowie (UKW) VORTAC. These four navigational aids form four corner posts over which arriving aircraft to the TRACON airspace will pass. The TRACON airspace is schematically depicted in Figure 1-8. This airspace encompasses the Class B and Class D airspace jurisdictions described previously. 1-36

37 Insert Figure 1-7 Metroplex Class B and D airspace 1-37

38 DFW Tracon Airspace Insert Figure

39 Airport Traffic Control Towers (ATCTs) ATCTs are generally responsible for the airspace within 7 to 10 nautical miles of an airport, providing air traffic control services for aircraft operating in the immediate vicinity of and on an airport. Controllers at ATCTs are responsible for (1) ensuring that safe separations are maintained between arrivals during their final approaches, (2) establishing a sequence of departing aircraft on the ground, (3) providing approach and departure clearances, (4) monitoring flight training activity (i.e., touch-and-go operations), and (5) providing ground control services. ATCTs are located at DFW, DAL, Meacham Field, Alliance Airport, Grand Prairie Airport, Addison Airport, McKinney Airport, Redbird Airport, and NAS Fort Worth JRB/Carswell Weather Conditions Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 91 enumerates general operating and flight rules that must be used by pilots. These regulations contain two distinct sets of flight rules visual flight rules (VFR) and instrument flight rules (IFR). Under VFR, pilots are required to maintain visual separation from other aircraft. With certain exceptions, pilots operating under VFR are not under the control of ATC facilities. Under IFR, pilots operate under the control of ATC facilities, in order to ensure that safe separations are maintained among and between aircraft. Weather conditions are a key determinant of whether more permissive VFR can be used. Aircraft can typically operate under VFR if cloud ceilings are higher than 1,000 feet above ground level and visibility is at least 3 miles. Such weather conditions are referred to as visual meteorological conditions (VMC). Based on weather data for DFW, VMC occurs at DFW approximately 91% of the time 2. It should be noted that the VMC conditions described above do not correspond to periods during which visual separation between IFR aircraft can be provided by air traffic controllers and visual approaches conducted. Visual approaches can usually be conducted when the cloud ceiling is at least 3,500 feet and the visibility at least 5 miles. These conditions occur at DFW approximately 82 percent of the time. The remaining time is associated with instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) in which pilots are required to operate under IFR. Pilots need to be specially qualified to operate in IMC and their aircraft must be equipped with certain navigation and communications equipment. Most pilots of air carrier, commuter, air taxi, and military flights are qualified to operate in IMC. Many general aviation pilots, however, have not received the instrument ratings necessary to fly in IMC Navigational Aids and Instrument Approach Procedures The major types of navigational aids (NAVAIDs) used by Metroplex aircraft operations provide pilots with information regarding their positions and headings in flight, permit flight operations to take place in poor weather conditions, and are used to define airspace routes. The primary type of NAVAID that is used to define airspace routes in the Metroplex is the very-high frequency omnidirectional radio beacon (VOR). VORs are electronic transmitters that provide pilots with information regarding their aircraft headings relative to the transmitter. VORs are usually combined with either Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) or a Tactical Air Navigation System (TACAN) to provide pilots with information regarding their distance from the VOR. A VOR paired with a DME is termed a VOR/DME, whereas a 2 Airport Climatological Summary Dallas Fort-Worth Airport, National Climatic Data Center