Department of EEE, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, A.P, India 3.

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ntntionl Jounl of Pu nd Applid Mthmtics olum 5 No. 7 7, 53-57 SSN: 3-88 (pintd vsion; SSN: 34-3395 (on-lin vsion ul: http://www.ijpm.

1 ntntionl Jounl of Pu nd Applid Mthmtics olum 5 No. 7 7, SSN: 3-88 (pintd vsion; SSN: (on-lin vsion ul: Spcil ssu NESTGATON ON USAGE OF BRUSH LESS DC GENERATOR N WND FARM APPLCATON ijpm.u P.Kvy, A.ijy Bhthi, A.Appo 3,,3 Dptmnt of EEE, K L Univsity, ddswm, Guntu, A.P, ndi 3 llu.ppo@klunivsity.in Abstct: This pp minly concntts on study of th usg of bushlss (BLDC gnto instd of doubly fd induction gntos usd in wind fm ppliction. Th pp invstigts on bushlss (BLDC gnto to mk us in wind fm ppliction bcus of hving its mits such s lss wight, lss mintnnc, s it is bushlss mchin joul losss lss. This pp povs tht bushlss (BLDC gnto tnd to b th futu pfbl choic to us in wind fm ppliction. Pfomnc of BLDC gnto in wind fms will b nlysd nd this bushlss DC gnto bsd wind fm will b tstd t diffnt lods. Kywods: bushlss DC gnto, convsion of wind ngy systm, MPPT tchniqu.. ntoduction Now dy s dvlopmnt is mo in th pow systm gnting quipmnt. Rcntly BLDC motos bing usd in mny pplictions. At psnt BLDC gntos lso bing usd in som pplictions lik wind ngy convsion systms. Th svl dvntgs du to this BLDC gnto lik lss loss, low mintnnc, gt dubility, compctnss nd high pow dnsity. Pmnnt mgnt BLDC gnto is usd in this pp. Ths pmnnt mgnt bushlss gntos bodly clssifid into two typs. Thy tpzoidl typ BLDC gnto nd sinusoidl typ pmnnt mgnt typ synchonous gnto. Du to tpzoidl shp wv foms fo voltg nd cunt, th output voltg obtind is ctifid nd hs lss pulstion. Th BLDC gnto mgnituds nd fquncy which dictly popotionl to th shft spd. Bcus of this dvntg, it hlps in th usg of BLDC gntos in wind ngy convsion systms [,]. Min son bhind th usg of BLDCG in this pp is, it hs som ddd dvntgs whn compd with oth gntos. Som of thos dvntgs light wight, compct dsign, si contol nd low mintnnc. As th wind fm is hving som disdvntgs lik mo cost, mo wight, by using this gnto w cn duc its cost nd wight up to som xtnt. f w comp th pow dnsitis of PMSG nd BLDC, BLDC hs 5% mo thn PMSG. Th is no joul loss du to this pmnnt mgnt xcittion. Ω 9 MPPT BLDC gnto Pi Pow Contoll Gnto sid ctifi Hystsis cunt contol Figu. Block digm of BLDC gnto modl This pp poposs th modlling nd simultion of th lctic pow gntion using BLDC gnto in wind ngy convsion systms. Th ntndd systm is simultd using MATLAB/SMULNK softw..usg Of Mppt Tchniqu MPPT tchniqu is usd to know th vious opting points t which th mximum pow tnsf tks plc. Th hv bn mny MPPT tchniqus vilbl som of th MPPT lgoithms s ctgoizd: Tip-Spd contol, Hill climb sch bsd, pow-signl fdbck mthod, ptub nd obsv. Accoding to th pow vilbility th most ccut MPPT tchniqu will b usd. Th pk pow points which bing tckd by th MPPT tchniqu fom wind ngy convsion systm is sponsibl fo th output of pow. Fo Tip spd tio contol th should b t most ccucy of th spd msumnt. t gults th spd of th gnto in od to mintin snsing. But th wind spd msumnts not quid fo P nd O tchniqu nd hnc it is lss complx. 3. Bushlss Dc Gnto Modlling Gnlly fo wind tubin th spd is not constnt. As in th AC supply if spd chngs thn fquncy chngs. But th fquncy should b constnt fo th supply gid. n DC th fquncy is constnt so, th BLDC gnto is connctd with th 53

ntntionl Jounl of Pu nd Applid Mthmtics Spcil ssu ctifi, n BLDC Gnto if th spd vis th fquncy dosn t vy nd only th voltg gts vis Hnc ctifi is connctd to it.

2 ntntionl Jounl of Pu nd Applid Mthmtics Spcil ssu ctifi, n BLDC Gnto if th spd vis th fquncy dosn t vy nd only th voltg gts vis Hnc ctifi is connctd to it. And futh it is givn to nvt s th invt lwys opts t gid fquncy. d(i i b b = (i i b (l m E Eb d(ib i c bc = (ib i c (l m Eb Ec d(ic i c = (ic i (l m Ec E i = Wh Rsistnc is psntd by, nductnc by l nd Mutul inductnc by m. i,i b,i c phs cunts. Expssion fo toqu qution: dω T = TL J Bω Wh lctomgntic toqu is psntd s T, it is obtind fom gnto. Wind tubin gnts toqu which is psntd s T l iscous fiction cofficint nd oto inti psntd s B nd J. E = Cω Wh C is th bck-emf constnt. Bck-EMF xpssions sttd blow. Phs shift of ch phs fom oth phss dg. Elctomgntic Expssion: Ei Ebib Ecic T = ω H, b, c th inducd EMF S Tbl. Cosponding fnc phs cunts of oto ngul position Scto θ 33 3 f b f - c f 4. Puls Wih Modultion Modl At Th Gnto Sid Figu. commuttion nd conduction of switchs n BLDC gnto phss will b conductd t tim. Conduction nd commuttion of ch phs will b pfomd in 6 dg. Minimum pols to b usd in BLDC gnto is 6. n 6 pols whn on of th Noth Pol is pointd towd noth sid of pmnnt mgnt, mgnt gts flctd du to sm pols. Th pol nxt to Noth Pol will b xcitd nd md it s South Pol. Hnc two phss gts conductd nd tpzoidl wv fom will b poducd. 54

3 ntntionl Jounl of Pu nd Applid Mthmtics Spcil ssu BLDC gnto consists of th phss. n this pp commuttion of on phs nd conduction of two phss xplind. Consid conduction pth though two phss c nd fo min cunt. Commuttion pth is though phs b. Fwhling diod gts tun on in phs b to mk phs b cunt zo. Now phs stts conducting nd closd loop will b fomd btwn phs c nd phs. Tbl : Stto-Phs oltgs Of Th Bushlss Dc Gnto Fo th BLDC gnto th bov implmnttion is don fo ch scto. scto θ 33 3 Tun Off ntvl n Tun On ntvl E Tun Off ntvl bn Tun On ntvl ( Eb Ec b Tun Off intvl cn Tun On ntvl ( Eb Ec c 3 9 Eb Eb b E c Ec E b c ( E E c 4 5 E Eb b ( Eb Ec c 5 7 Eb Eb b E c Ec E b Ec c 5. Simulink Modl 55

4 ntntionl Jounl of Pu nd Applid Mthmtics Spcil ssu 6. Simultion Rsults [] B.-K. L, M. Ehsni, Advncd simultion modl fo bushlss DC moto divs, Elctic Pow Componnts nd Systms. [] Bushlss DC Gnto Contolld by Constind Pdictiv Algoithm G. Gtto,. Mongiu, A. Pftto nd A. Spi Elcticl nd Elctonic Engining Dptmnt, Univsity of Cglii. Figu 3. E [3] Dsign nd implmnttion of low-cost mximiztion pow convsion systm fo bushlss DC gnto Abolfzl Hlvi Nis, AmiHossin Sbbghn Fculty of Elcticl & Comput Engining, Univsity of Kshn. [4] Y. Higuchi, N. Ymmu, nd M shid, An impovmnt of pfomnc fo smll scld Wind pow gnting systm with pmnnt mgnt typ synchonous gnto, in Poc. ECON,. Figu 4. Eb [5] Kthikyn.T, Blkum.A, Sthynynn.M & Snthilkum.R, Dsign of PSO Bsd KY Boost Convt to Rduc Output Rippl oltg, ntntionl nnovtiv Rsch Jounl of Engining nd Tchnology, pp.5-56, 6. [6] S. Wng, Z. Qi, nd T. Undlnd, Stt spc vging modlling nd nlysis of injction mthod of MPPT fo smll wind tubin gnting systms, in Poc. APPEEC, 9. Figu 6. Ec 7. Conclusion This pp psnts poposd nd dvlopd mt lb/simulink modl of smll-scl wind ngy convsion systm consisting of BLDC Gnto. H by th usg of MPPT tchniqu th pow fficincy cn b impovd. [7] O. C. On, Y. Gukynk, nd A. Khligh, "A bushlss DC gnto & synchonous ctifi fo isoltd tlcommuniction sttions, "ntntionl Tlcommunictions Engy Confnc, pp. -6,9. [8] A. Junynt Fé, Contol of pow lctonic convts fo th option of wind gntion, Univsitt Politècnic d Ctluny,. Rfncs 56

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Properties of Cinders from Red Pine, Black Locust and Henon Bamboo

Properties of Cinders from Red Pine, Black Locust and Henon Bamboo A P B C K Y O T O 2 0 1 1 1 Poptis of Cinds fom Rd Pin, Blk Loust nd Hnon Bmboo In Cboniztion Lbotoy Co., Ltd Yoshiki Inou Moki Co., Ltd Kunitoyo Mogi Misi Univsity Shuji Yoshizw 1. Intodution 1. (1) Us