Prehľad významných historických udalostí stor. - príchod Slovanov na územie Prešova 1247 prvá písomná zmienka o Prešove 1299 udelenie mestských

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2 Prehľad významných historických udalostí stor. - príchod Slovanov na územie Prešova 1247 prvá písomná zmienka o Prešove 1299 udelenie mestských práv uhorským kráľom Ondrejom III (80. roky 15. storočia) Prešov patrí do Pentapolitany (spoločenstvo 5 kráľovských miest Prešov, Košice, Bardejov, Levoča, Sabinov) 1429 prvá zmienka o mestskej škole v Prešove 1453 prvý erb Prešova 1455 udelenie práva mesta Prešov usporadúvať výročný trojdňový jarmok (od kráľa Ladislava V. Pohrobka) začiatok stavby Dómu sv. Mikuláša 1667 Kolégium v Prešove, evanjelické vzdelanostné centrum horného Uhorska, Národná kultúrna pamiatka 1687 Caraffove jatky, 24 popravených mešťanov 1703 začiatok najmohutnejšieho protihabsburgského povstania na čele s Františkom II. Rákocim Koniec 18. storočia príchod prvých Židov do Prešova 1816 Prešov sa stáva sídlom samostatného gréckokatolíckeho biskupstva 1848 stavba 1. židovskej synagógy 1886, 1887 veľké ničivé požiare postihujú Prešov z balkóna radnice bola vyhlásená Slovenská republika rád stavba secesnej budovy Bosákovej banky oslobodenie Prešova Červenou armádou, koniec 2. svetovej vojny 1950 centrum sa stáva mestskou pamiatkovou rezerváciou 1972 Solivary sa stávajú národnou kultúrnou pamiatkou

3 An overview of important historical events 4th-5th century. - Arrival of Slavs on the territory of Prešov The first written mention of Prešov granting of city rights Ugrian king Andrew III (80 years of the 15th century) - the one in Pentapolitana (community five royal cities - Prešov, Košice, Bardejov, Levoca, Sabinov) first mention of the urban school in Presov first coat of Prešov grant of Prešov hold an annual three-day fair (by King Ladislaus Posthumous) Start of construction of the St.. Nicholas College in Prešov Evangelical educational center of the upper Uhorska, National Cultural Monument Caraffove slaughterhouses, 24 townspeople executed beginning most strapping protihabsburgského uprising led by Francis II. Rákóczi Late 18th arrival of the first-century Jews in Presov Prešov becomes the seat of an independent Catholic Diocese The first building Jewish synagogue 1886, Large wildfires affecting Prešov 16/06/ from the balcony of City Hall was declared Slovak Soviet Republic Art Nouveau building construction Bosáková Bank Presov liberation by the Red Army, the end of the second world War II becomes the center of urban reserve Solivary - become a national cultural monument

4 Bosákov dom (banka) Caraffova väznica (galéria) Evanjelický kostol a. v. sv Trojice Kostol sv. Jozefa (Františkánsky) Františkánsky kostol sv. Jozefa sv. Jána Krstiteľa v ktorej sa nachádza kópia Turínskeho Plátna. Gréckokatolícky biskupský palác Pravoslávny katedrálny chrám sv. kniežaťa Alexandra Nevského Radnica Kumšt (vodohospodárska stavba, teraz židovské múzeum) Bašta

5 Bosak (Bank) Caraffova prison (gallery) Cathedral of St. Nicholas Evangelical College Evangelical Church a. v Holy Trinity Church. Joseph (Franciscan) Franciscan church. Joseph Greek Catholic Cathedral of SS. John the Baptist, which contains a copy of the Shroud. Greek Catholic Bishop's Palace Church of St. Alexander Nevsky (Presov) Orthodox CHURCH OF ST. Prince Alexander Nevsky Prešovská Calvary - an important monument of the first half of the 18th century. Construction began r and was completed around the 1752nd The construction was led by the Jesuits, who managed Rom.-cat. parish. Calvary consists of 16 Baroque chapels and church in honor of St.. Cross, which is built on the highest point. town hall Jewish Synagogue (one of the most beautiful in Slovakia) The Art (Water Economy Building, now the Jewish Museum) bastion

6 Počet obyvateľov: (rok 2007) Národnostná štruktúra 94,7 % Slovákov 1,4 % Ukrajincov 1,2 % Rómov 1 % Čechov 0,2 % Maďarov 0,5 % ostatní (Rusíni,...) Náboženská štruktúra rímski katolíci - 66,77 % bez vyznania - 13,57 % grécki katolíci - a. v. - 4,82 % pravoslávni - 1,68 % a iní

7 Population: 91,498 (2007) National structure 94.7% of Slovaks 1.4% Ukrainians 1.2% Roma 1% of Czechs 0.2% Hungarians 0.5% Other (Ruthenians,...) religious structure Roman Catholics % no religion % Greek Catholics - a. v % Orthodox % and others

8 Prešov mal už v stredoveku významné geografické postavenie, lebo sa rozprestieral na križovatke obchodných ciest a zároveň patril aj do dôležitého obranného systému vznikajúceho uhorského štátu. A až tu niekde siahajú počiatky vojska v Prešove, lebo do týchto oblastí prišli maďarské kmene a ich spojenci, ktorými boli vojensko-strážne družiny ázijských etník aby zakladali strážne osady a pevnosti na obranu vznikajúceho Uhorska pred útokmi nepriateľov. Dodnes sa po nich zachovali mená blízkych kopcov Veľká a Lysá stráž. [5] Mesto malo vlastnú posádku pravdepodobne už od roku 1374, kedy dostalo právo na vybudovanie obranných múrov s baštami a vežami od kráľa Ľudovíta I. Význam vojenskej posádky určite vzrástol aj preto, že mesto Prešov sa v 14.storočí stalo slobodným kráľovským mestom. Na konci 16. storočia počas 15 ročnej vojny s Tureckom muselo mesto vydržiavať početné cisárske vojsko. Od roku 1604 kedy vypuklo prvé z celého radu protihabsburských povstaní uhorských stavov až do roku 1710, kedy mesto kapitulovalo pred silným habsburským vojskom, bolo mesto Prešov mnohokrát obliehané rôznymi vojskami povstalcov ba aj cisárskymi vojskami. Napríklad: Bočkajovi povstalci, vojska generála Basta, povstalci Juraja I. Rákociho, Vešeléniho sprisahanie, kuruckí povstalci, Tököliho povstanie, Prešovské jatky generála Caraffu a povstalci vedení Františkom II. Rákocim. Prešov potom až do roku 1848 rozkvital, lebo nezažil žiadnu vojnu. [6]

9 Prešov already had in the Middle Ages an important geographical position, because it lies on the crossroads of trade routes, while also belong to an important defense system evolved uhorského State. And when you go somewhere origins troops in Presov, because in these areas came Hungarian tribes and their allies, who have been guarding military entourage of Asian ethnic groups to set up a security guard at the fort to defend against attacks arising Uhorska enemies. To this day they retain the names of nearby hills and the United Lysa guard [5]. The city had its own crew probably since 1374, when it received the right to build defensive walls with towers and turrets of King Ludwig I. The importance of the military crew and certainly increased because the city of Prešov in the 14th century became a free royal town. At the end of 16th century during the 15 year war with Turkey had numerous city vydržiavať imperial army. Since 1604 when it first broke out in a number of anti- Habsburg uprising of Hungarians state until 1710, when the town capitulated against strong Habsburg army was besieged many times Prešov various rebel armies and even the imperial army. For example: Bocskay rebels, the troops of General Basta, insurgents George I. Rákóczi, Vešeléniho conspiracy Kuruc rebels Tököliho uprising, Prešov slaughterhouse General Caraffa insurgents and leadership of Francis II. Rákóczi. Prešov then until 1848, flourished because it has not experienced any war [6].

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