Unit 1: Geographical Skills and Challenges

Transcription

1 Write your name here Surname Other names Edexcel GCSE Centre Number Geography A Unit 1: Geographical Skills and Challenges Candidate Number Friday 20 January 2012 Afternoon Time: 1 hour You must have: Resource Booklet (enclosed) Ordnance Survey Map Extract (enclosed) Foundation Tier Paper Reference 5GA1F/01 Total Marks Instructions Use black ink or ball-point pen. Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name, centre number and candidate number. Answer all questions. Answer the questions in the spaces provided there may be more space than you need. Information The total mark for this paper is 50. The marks for each question are shown in brackets use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question. Questions labelled with an asterisk (*) are ones where the quality of your written communication will be assessed you should take particular care on these questions with your spelling, punctuation and grammar, as well as the clarity of expression. Advice Read each question carefully before you start to answer it. Keep an eye on the time. Try to answer every question. Check your answers if you have time at the end. P39859A 2012 Pearson Education Ltd. 5/6/7/4 *P39859A0116* Turn over

2 SECTION A GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS Answer ALL questions in this section Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box. If you change your mind about an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross. 1 (a) Look at the Ordnance Survey (OS) map extract of South Devon and Figure 1a (photograph) in the Resource Booklet. The photograph was taken at The photograph was taken looking in a south-westerly direction. (i) Name the village shown at E. A Stoke Fleming (1) B C D Strete Kingsbridge Merrifield (ii) In which grid square is Forest Cove? A 4684 B 8546 C 8446 D 4685 (1) (iii) What is the name of the point shown at F? A Matthew s Point (1) B C D Forest Point Pilchard Point Blackpool Point 2 *P39859A0216*

3 (b) Complete the table to provide information about two rivers on the OS map extract. Use some of the words and numbers in the box below mixed woodland South Allington coniferous woodland Slapton (4) River flowing into Slapton Ley River flowing into Lannacombe Bay Mouth Source 7847 Vegetation close to the river Grassland Settlement close to the river Colehanger *P39859A0316* 3 Turn over

4 (c) Look again at the Ordnance Survey (OS) map extract. A family who are staying at Torcross (8242) wish to drive to Salcombe (7338). Plan their route. Start by finding Torcross. (i) Which road will they travel on at the start of their journey from Torcross? A A381 (1) B C D A397 A318 A379 (ii) On their journey they will pass through several settlements. Number the settlements in the table by putting them into the correct order for the journey. Two have been done for you. (2) Name of settlement Order on route Chillington 2 Kingsbridge West Charleton 3 Malborough West Alvington Stokenham 4 *P39859A0416*

5 (d) Look at the OS map extract and Figure 1b (photograph) of Slapton Ley in the Resource Booklet. Photograph 1b was taken in grid square Figure 1c is an incomplete sketch of the photograph. Key P PC Road Car park Public convenience Figure 1c Complete the sketch by adding the following features: (4) Using the key provided, label the following features in the correct positions on the sketch: (Total for Question 1 = 14 marks) *P39859A0516* 5 Turn over

6 2 (a) Look at Figure 2. It shows the population densities of some parishes in South Devon. Stoke Fleming East Allington Strete Frogmore and Sherford Slapton N Start Bay Kingsbridge estuary Charleton South Pool Stokenham Key Number of people per hectare East Portlemouth Chivelstone Figure 2 (i) Complete Figure 2. Use the data in the table below. (2) Parish Population density (number of people per hectare) Frogmore and Sherford 0.4 Chivelstone *P39859A0616*

7 (ii) Describe the pattern of population density shown on Figure 2. Use population density data in your answer. (4) (iii) Figure 2 is a choropleth map. One advantage of using a choropleth map to display this data is that it shows (1) A the population density at a specific point the population density for an area on the map a gradual change in population density over an area the parishes of South Devon *P39859A0716* 7 Turn over

8 (b) Geographical Information Systems (GIS) could be used to display the population data in Figure 2. (i) What are Geographical Information Systems (GIS)? (2) (ii) GIS is used by web mapping sites on the internet. Describe one way that you have used GIS. (2) (Total for Question 2 = 11 marks) TOTAL FOR SECTION A = 25 MARKS 8 *P39859A0816*

9 BLANK PAGE Turn over for Question 3 *P39859A0916* 9 Turn over

10 SECTION B CHALLENGES FOR THE PLANET Answer ALL questions in this section 3 (a) Look at Figure 3. It shows some of the factors that have caused climate change in the last 10,000 years. Orbital geometry Tectonic activity World s climate Solar output Volcanic activity (i) Figure 3 Volcanic eruptions cause climate change by releasing large amounts of (1) A B C D sulphur dioxide oxygen carbon dioxide sulphuric acid 10 *P39859A01016*

11 (ii) During the last 10,000 years at times the climate became colder because the energy from the sun (solar output) A increased (1) B C D decreased doubled became stronger (iii) The climate of the world is warmer when the Earth s orbit around the sun is A elliptical (1) B C D circular spherical diagonal (iv) The movement of the continents caused by plate movement can lead to climate change because it affects the movement of A animals (1) B C D waves people ocean currents *P39859A01116* 11 Turn over

12 (v) Complete the sentences to explain some causes of climate change. Use some of the words in the box below. (5) increased decreased rice wheat western northern meat methane The population of countries such as China has... therefore more... is being grown. There has been an increase in demand for... style diets. This means that more cattle are being reared for.... Cattle release... as they digest their food. (b) Describe one response to climate change on a global scale. (3) (Total for Question 3 = 12 marks) 12 *P39859A01216*

13 BLANK PAGE Turn over for Question 4 *P39859A01316* 13 Turn over

14 4 (a) Look at Figure 4. It shows some effects of resource extraction in tropical rainforest areas. Logging in Cameroon. Logging has opened up the forest. Animals such as elephants and gorillas are being hunted. Local people work in the sawmills. They are not given protection from the toxic products which are sprayed on the wood to preserve it from fungus. Gold and copper mining in Indonesia. The waste material is dumped into the River Aghawaghon. Oil extraction in Ecuador. Hydrocarbons are concentrated in the river water. The local people drink the river water. This has caused many people to suffer from stomach cancer. Many plants such as the periwinkle which can be used to cure childhood leukaemia are being lost forever. Figure 4 (i) Hydrocarbons in river water in Ecuador cause the local people to suffer from A malnutrition (1) B C D fungal diseases leukaemia stomach cancer 14 *P39859A01416*

15 (ii) Outline one effect of resource extraction on the environment in tropical rainforest areas. Use evidence from Figure 4 in your answer. (2) (iii) Outline how resource extraction from tropical rainforest areas is being managed. Use examples in your answer. (4) *P39859A01516* 15 Turn over

16 *(b) Explain how large organisations are becoming more sustainable. Use examples in your answer. (6) (Total for Question 4 = 13 marks) TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 25 MARKS TOTAL FOR PAPER = 50 MARKS Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders to obtain their permission for the use of copyright material. Edexcel, a product of Pearson Education Ltd. will, if notified, be happy to rectify any errors or omission and include any such rectifications in future editions. 16 *P39859A01616*

17 Edexcel GCSE Geography A Unit 1: Geographical Skills and Challenges Friday 20 January 2012 Afternoon Resource Booklet Paper 1F Paper Reference 5GA1F/01 Do not return the resource booklet with the question paper. Information This Resource Booklet contains photographs needed for use with the Unit 1: Geographical Skills and Challenges examination. This Resource Booklet is for use with the foundation tier paper only. Turn over P39859A 2012 Pearson Education Ltd. 5/6/7/4 *P39859A*

18 E F Figure 1a 2 P39859A

19 Figure 1b P39859A 3

20 BLANK PAGE 4 P39859A

21 1: Scale Landranger Series SOUTH DEVON Extract No 1907/202 P39859A / P39860A Four colours should appear above; if not then please return to the invigilator. Four colours should appear above; if not then please return to the invigilator. Junction number Service area Golf course or links Unfenced Primary Route (recommended through route) Dual carriageway B 4518 B 885 Bridge Information centre (all year / seasonal) Main road Footbridge A m 0 Garden Motorway (dual carriageway) M1 A Camp site / caravan site Elevated A m TOURIST INFORMATION Not necessarily rights of way 2 ROADS AND PATHS 69000m m Nature reserve Road under construction Parking, Park and ride (all year / seasonal) Secondary road Picnic site Narrow road with passing places Recreation / leisure / sports centre Road generally more than 4m wide Selected places of tourist interest Road generally less than 4m wide Telephone, public / roadside assistance Viewpoint Path / Other road, drive or track Visitor centre Gradient: steeper than 20% (1 in 5), 14% to 20% (1 in 7 to 1 in 5) Walks / Trails Gates, Road tunnel World Heritage site or area Ferry P Ferry V Youth hostel Ferry (passenger), Ferry (vehicle) RAILWAYS LAND FEATURES Track multiple or single Bridges, footbridge Track under construction LC Siding Electricity transmission line (pylons shown at standard spacing) Level crossing Viaduct, embankment Tunnel, cuttings Station, (a) principal Light rapid transit system, narrow gauge or tramway Light rapid transit system station ruin Pipe line (arrow indicates direction of flow) Buildings Important building (selected) Bus or coach station WATER FEATURES Marsh or salting Towpath Lock Canal Aqueduct Ford Weir Lake Normal tidal limit Footbridge Bridge Current or former place of worship Cliff Slopes Shingle Flat rock Beacon Lighthouse Sand (disused) Dunes Mud Glass structure Heliport ter mark Triangulation pillar High water mar k Canal (dry) with spire, minaret or dome Place of worship Lighthouse (in use) Low w a with tower Mast HEIGHTS ROCK FEATURES Contours are at 10 metres vertical interval Heights are to the nearest metre above mean sea level Where two heights are shown the first height is to the base of the triangulation pillar and the second (in brackets) to the highest natural point of the hill PUBLIC RIGHTS OF WAY Wind pump, wind turbine Windmill with or without sails 650 Cliff Outcrop 60 0 Graticule intersection at 5 intervals Cutting, embankment Scree Landfill site or slag/spoil heap Coniferous wood OTHER PUBLIC ACCESS Non-coniferous wood Footpath Bridleway Restricted byway Byway open to all traffic The symbols show the defined route so far as the scale of mapping will allow. The representation on this map of any other road, track or path is no evidence of the existence of a right of way. Not shown on maps of Scotland Danger Area Firing and Test Ranges in the area. Danger! Observe warning notices. BOUNDARIES Other route with public access (not normally shown in urban areas). Alignments are based on the best information available. These routes are not shown on maps of Scotland. Mixed wood Orchard Park or ornamental ground On-road cycle route Traffic-free cycle route Forestry Commission land National Cycle Network number Regional Cycle Network number National Trust (always open / limited access, observe local signs) National Trail, European Long Distance Path, Long Distance Route, selected Recreational Routes HISTORICAL FEATURES National Site of antiquity District Battlefield (with date) County, Unitary Authority, Metropolitan District or London Borough National Trust for Scotland (always open / limited access, observe local signs) ABBREVIATIONS Br Bridge MS Milestone Mus Museum P Post office Cemy Cemetery CG Cattle grid Visible earthwork CH Clubhouse PC Public convenience (in rural areas) Roman Fm Farm PH Public house Ho House Sch School MP Milepost TH Town Hall, Guildhall or equivalent Non-Roman National Park 35000m Miles mile = kilometres h ort Kilometres ic N 1 1 kilometre = mile 0 85 Grid North 1 84 t gne Ordnance Survey, OS, the OS Symbol and Landranger are registered trademarks of Ordnance Survey, the national mapping agency of Great Britain. Reproduction in whole or in part by any means is prohibited without the prior written permission of Ordnance Survey. For educational use only Ma Scale 1: orth 74 True N 73 Diagrammatic only m m centimetres to 1 kilometre (one grid square) Extract produced by Ordnance Survey Licence: Crown copyright All rights reserved m 0 70