ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA SLOVENICA

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1 ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA SLOVENICA LJUBLJANA, DECEMBER 2010 Vol. 18, št. 2: NEW DATA ABOUT THE DISTRIBUTION AND ALTITUDINAL SPAN OF THE DALMATIAN RINGLET, PROTEREBIA AFRA DALMATA (GODART, [1824]) (LEPIDOPTERA: SATYRINAE) IN CROATIA Toni KOREN 1, Ivona BURIĆ 2, Ana ŠTIH 3, Valerija ZAKSEK 4 & Rudi VEROVNIK 4 x Vela Traba 5, Pazin, Croatia; koren.toni1@gmail.com 2 Sinokoše 11, Kaštel Lukšić, Croatia 3 Matije Divkovica 7, Zagreb, Croatia 4 University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana Abstract - During the survey of butterfly fauna of Dalmatian mountains in the last years, Proterebia afra dalmata (Godart, 1824) was found on several new sites, including the first records of this subspecies at higher altitudes (Poštak, Svilaja, Promina, Kamešnica and Dinara Mts.). In this paper we present a much more complete picture of the distribution of this presumably rare butterfly and discuss its altitudinal distribution. The species was found at altitude of almost 1500 m, therefore the characterization of the subspecies as a lowland butterfly can be dismissed. KEY WORDS: Proterebia afra dalmata, Dalmatia, distribution, altitudinal span Izvleček - NOVI PODATKI O RAZŠIRJENOSTI IN RAZPONU NADMORSKIH VIŠIN POJAVLJANJA DALMATINSKEGA RJAVČKA, PROTEREBIA AFRA DALMATA (GODART, [1824]) (LEPIDOPTERA: SATYRINAE) NA HRVAŠKEM Med raziskavami favne metuljev dalmatinskih hribov v zadnjih letih smo vrsto Proterebia afra dalmata (Godart, 1824) našli na več novih lokalitetah, vključno s prvimi najdbami te podvrste na višjih nadmorskih višinah (gore Poštak, Svilaja, Promina, Kamešnica in Dinara). V članku predstavljamo veliko popolnejšo sliko razširjenosti tega domnevno redkega metulja in razpravljamo o njegovi višinski razširjenosti. Vrsto smo našli na skoraj 1500 m višine, zato moramo zavreči opredelitev vrste kot nižinske. KLJUČNE BESEDE: Proterebia afra dalmata, Dalmacija, razširjenost, višinski razpon 143

2 Acta entomologica slovenica, 18 (1), 2010 Introduction The genus Proterebia is monotypic with the distribution in Europe restricted to Greece (subspecies Proterebia afra pyramus de Louker & Dils, 1987), Russia south of the Urals (nominate subspecies), Crimea in Ukraine (subspecies Proterebia afra krymaea (Sheluzhko, 1929)) and Croatia (subspecies Proterebia afra dalmata (Godart, 1824)) (Tolman & Lewington 2008, Tshikolovets 2003). P. afra dalmata is one of a few butterfly subspecies endemic to Croatia aside from Erebia stirius kleki Lorkovic, 1955, E. stirius gorana Lorkovic, 1985 and E. gorge vagana Lorkovic, Until 20 years ago its distribution in Croatia was very poorly known with records only from the surroundings of Zadar, Šibenik, Knin (Godart 1824; Stauder ; Hafner 1994), and unknown locality on Korčula Island (Jaksic 1993). Over the past 10 years a lot of new data about the distribution of this species was published (Čelik et al. 2005; Mihoci & Šašič 2005, Zaksek, 2005; Mihoci & Šašič 2007) and eliminated many distribution gaps and expanded its known range from the Pag Island in the northwest to Biokovo Mts. in the South. Dalmatian Ringlet flies from April to May in one generation (Tolman & Lewington 2008). P. afra dalmata is present predominantly in the Sub- Mediterranean region (with the exception of the unconfirmed record from the island of Korčula) (MIHOCI & ŠAŠIĆ, 2005). According to Horvatič (1971) the whole zone is characterized by unique climazonal vegetation of the association of Querco- Carpinetum orientalis croaticum. Continental habitats of this species include overgrown submediterranean grassland community Festuco-Koelerietum splendentis or its progressive early succession stage with Juniperus oxycedrus on abandoned pastures (Čelik et al., 2005). While the Greek endemic subspecies P. afra pyramus is known to fly in the mountains ranging from an altitude of 600 m a.s.l. up to 1250 m a.s.l. (De Louker & Dils 1987; Abadijev 2002, Tolman & Lewington 2008) the Croatian subspecies, P. afra dalmata was believed to be confined to lower altitudes between 150 and 550 m a.s.l. (Tolman & Lewington 2008). According to Mihoci & Šašič (2005, 2007) the species flies up to 700 m a.s.l. (Donji Stublac, Biokovo Nature Park) and was found also almost at the sea level on island Pag (Zakšek 2005). Nevertheless the true altitudinal range of this subspecies was never a target to any systematic survey. During the surveys of butterfly fauna of Dalmatia from 2005 onwards and targeted surveys of the Dalmatian mountains (Poštak, Prezid, Svilaja, Kamešnica, Dinara, Promina) in April and May 2010 P. afra dalmata was found on several new localities, including the first records of the subspecies at higher altitudes. In this paper we present new records of P. afra dalmata in Croatia and discuss conservation status, habitat preferences and altitudinal distribution of this subspecies. Materials and methods From the year 2005 onwards P. afra dalmata was found on 78 more or less distinct localities in central Dalmatia (Tab. 1, Fig. 1). Majority of these finds are from 144

3 T. Koren, I. Burić, A. Stih, V. Zakšek, R. Verovnik: New data about the distribution and altitudinal span of the Dalmatian ringlet new localities, only a few are confirmations of the known sites like the record from Vrelo Zrmanje, where it was found by Mihoci & Sasić (2007). Specimens were caught by an entomological net, determined using Tolman & Lewington (2008) field guide, photographed and released on the same spot. Systematic follows Fauna Europaea ( For all known localities from the literature, an approximate altitude was determined using Google Earth tools, while for the new localities the altitude was determined using Garmin e- Trex vista GPS device. Results During surveys in the last years in central Dalmatia, P. afra dalmata was found on more than 60 new sites including the first records from five separate mountains: Postak, Svilaja, Promina, Kamesnica and Dinara. Additional records come from the Island of Pag, where the species seems to be widespread in open stony pastures from Novalja in the north to Povljan in the south. Despite similar suitable habitats on the mainland just south of the island and on nearby Vir Island, the species was not found there (Verovnik R., pers. observ.). Further southeast the butterfly is again common around Obrovac and further inland along Zrmanja and Krupa River valleys with isolated occurrence in Karisnica valley to the west. In this region the species was often observed in more humid habitats, on meadows along rivers, however the densities were mostly low, possibly indicating that these habitats are utilized by the species for occasional nectaring. One of the main centers of the distribution of P. afra dalmata is the region SE of Zadar, around Benkovac, stretching as far south as hinterland of Šibenik. In this region the species was present almost in all suitable habitats, sometimes even entering the gardens in villages. Additional records confirm its contiguous presence also further south, especially around Primorski Dolac and as far as the slopes above Split and Trogir. The butterfly was particularly abundant on the ridge at Miljacka pass on Its distribution is probably more contiguous also further inland towards Drniš, another center of the distribution of the species. However, the most prominent new findings are from the mountain ranges in Dalmatia which are presented in more detail: 1. Svilaja is a mountain in Dalmatinska Zagora, parallel with the higher northern mountain range Dinara - Troglav. The highest peak of Svilaja is Bat (1508 m a.s.l.) (Poljak 2007). The large part of Svilaja, between Vrlika and Siverić is still covered with land-mines, so only some lower parts of the mountain are accessible and safe. On Svilaja, only a few specimens of P. afra dalmata were observed close to the main road at altitudes between 1050 and 1075 m. Butterflies were flying in typical habitat, on dry, grassy, sparsely bushy slopes partially covered with Juniperus bushes (Čelik et al. 2005) and were observed feeding on Thymus sp. and Globularia sp. plants. 2. Postak is a mountain located south-east of Gracac. Its highest peak is Kucina Kosa (1441 m a.s.l.) (Poljak 2007). On Mt. Postak P. afra dalmata was found near the highest peak at 1425 m a.s.l. and at the southern slopes at 1320 m a.s.l. Only few 145

4 Acta entomologica slovenica, 18 (1), 2010 specimens of P. afra dalmata were observed flying, but that could be attributed to the cloudy weather. 3. The Mt. Vela Promina is located west of Drniš. Unfortunately most of it is still covered with land-mines, so the only safe places to visit are the road to the peak and a small fenced area at the peak of Vela Promina, Cavinica. On Vela Promina P. afra dalmata was found near the road to the peak, on rocky slope covered with Juniperus bushes and on the peak itself, at 1148m. Only few specimens were observed on both locations. 4. The Dinara Mountain, with its peak Sinjal (1831 m a.s.l.), is the highest mountain in Croatia (Poljak 2007). It stretches from the northwest to southeast, between the Cetina River and Livanjsko polje. The southeastern part of the Dinara mountain range touches the Kamesnica Mountain. On Dinara P. afra dalmata was recorded in a continuous row of locations from the mountain hut Glavaš (561 m a.s.l.) to Martinova Košara (1300 m a.s.l). It is interesting to note that P. afra dalmata was very abundant here and could be considered as a dominant species in suitable habitats. Due to bad weather conditions higher altitudes on the Dinara Mountain were not visited. 5. Mt. Kamešnica is located on the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina, northeast of Sinj. P. afra dalmata was recorded at three locations on the S side of the mountain at altitudes ranging from 780 to 1350 m a.s.l. in typical stony habitat. Discussion The new observations of P. afra dalmata fill many distribution gaps and possibly show the main shape of the area of its distribution in Croatia. The only prominent outlier, the record for Korčula Island without exact locality (Jakšić 1993), still remains to be confirmed. However, there are hardly any suitable habitats present on that island therefore the survey of the open stony areas along the main ridge of Pelješac Peninsula could prove much more rewarding. One of the unconfirmed localities remains Zadar, however this record could have been just a generalization of a find in a wide surrounding of the town (even as distanced as Benkovac region) or a genuine record from a site where the suitable habitats are now overgrown or destroyed by infrastructure. All other literature records are more or less in the vicinity of recent finds and well within the known distribution range (Fig. 1). Recent finds only marginally extend the known range of the species further southeast to Župa and northwest on the Pag Island. Within the range the species is much more common and widespread as it was previously believed. So far the species has been recorded from more than 60 discrete sites excluding old records without information on exact locality. The main centers of distribution are around the Zrmanja River, region between Benkovac and Šibenik, and hills north of Split. The most prominent new records are from the mountains in the hinterland of Dalmatia where the species was found at higher altitudes than previously recorded. The altitudinal span (Fig. 2) of the species is now much expanded with records above 1400 m. Occurrence of the species at such altitudes has for now been known only from Turkey (Hesselbarth et al. 1995) and its range in Central Asia (Tuzov et al. 1996), but also in Greece the records at altitudes of 1250 m (De Louker & Dils 1987) 146

5 T. Koren, I. Burić, A. Stih, V. Zakšek, R. Verovnik: New data about the distribution and altitudinal span of the Dalmatian ringlet Fig. 1. Distribution of Dalmatian Ringlet (P. afra dalmata) in Croatia. Grey spots represent old records, black spots represent new ones. Fig. 2. Number of records of Dalmatian Ringlet (P. afra dalmata) in each of the altitudinal class (divided into 100 m intervals for convenience). are of similar range. Currently the upper bound of the species in Croatia is at the peak of Mt. Poštak (1426 m a.s.l.); however its upper limit on Mt. Dinara was not explored and, given the suitable habitat, could be much higher. The majority of the records however are from lower altitudes, especially between 0 and 400 m. This can be easily explained by the fact that all but a few main distribution centers of the species are near the coast. This does not indicate the colline nature of P. afra dalmata, as the suitability of the habitat is possibly the only limiting factor of the distribution of the species. The distribution of the potentially suitable habitat which extends along the Adriatic coast and enters the Dalmatian mountains (Horvatic, 1971) is however much wider and additional surveys of suitable habitats elsewhere are much needed. The habitats of the species observed during the field work varied between almost completely barren pastures on the Island of Pag, to almost entirely overgrown grasslands in the hinterland between Benkovac and Šibenik. Additionally, the species was found on montane grasslands and utilizing wet, flower rich meadows for nectaring. Despite this variability of habitats we fear that continuation of abandonment, resulting in conversion of grasslands into woods, could cause large scale local extinctions and thus contraction of the subspecies range. Such processes were clearly visible during the surveys with low species abundances at sites with more advanced bush coverage. New records clearly indicate how little we really know about the ecology of P. afra dalmata and how much we still have to learn. The large number of new records is also a good indication of the lack of systematic surveys due to limited number of researches and lack of funding. After "Distribution maps of the butterflies of Yugoslavia" (Jaksic 1988) no real effort was done to map the butterflies of Croatia, and produce a correct and modern distribution atlas of Croatian butterflies, so the distribution of most species in Croatia is still poorly known. Therefore we hope to 147

6 Acta entomologica slovenica, 18 (1), 2010 trigger further research on the Dalmatian Ringlet and more generally, a concerted effort of mapping of butterfly distribution in Croatia. Table 1. New records of the Dalmatian Ringlet (Proterebia afra dalmata) in Croatia. Localities are sorted in descending order from the highest a.s.l. to the lowest. Locality Coordinates Alt. (m) Date Observer(s) Poštak, Kučina Kosa 44 15'18.67"N 16 06'42.93"E 1441 May 19th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Kamešnica, Me ugorje 43 41'58.44"N 16 52'11.15"E 1350 May 24th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Dinara, Martinova kosara 44 02'20.72"N 16 24'39.04"E 1300 May 25th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Dinara, above Glavaš 44 02'12.97"N 16 24'53.41"E 1175 May 26th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Velika Promina, Cavinica 43 55'27.49"N 16 10'12.13"E 1148 May 23rd, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Dinara, above Glavaš 44 02'14.79"N 16 25'11.03"E 1130 May 26th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Kamesnica, near the white road 43 42'26.36"N 16 51'15.01"E 1085 May 24th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Svilaja, above the main road 43 51'27.89"N 16 23'59.95"E 1075 May 20th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Dinara, above Glavaš 44 01'22.83"N 16 24'55.97"E 925 May 26th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Dinara, above Glavaš 44 01'13.45"N 16 01'13.45"E 800 May 26th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Kamesnica, Korita 43 42'26.42"N 16 48'24.68"E 780 May 24th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih S slopes N from village Zupa, Zagvozd 43 20'15.10"N 17 07'01.30"E 758 April 3rd, 2007 Zakšek, V. Vrelo Zrmanje, near Marčetići 44 13'58.74"N 16 04'10.60"E 722 May 1st, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Above village Otrić 44 15'43.51"N 16 02'42.51"E 720 May 25th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Dinara, Glavaš 44 00'33.88"N 16 25'01.65"E 561 May 26th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih S of Drežnica, Mirlović polje, Drniš 43 48'45.80"N 16 21'48.00"E 552 May 2nd, 2007 Zakšek, V. N from village Svaguše, Zagvozd, Grabovac 43 25'06.70"N 17 01'21.70"E 485 April 30th, 2007 Zakšek, V. E from village Milići, Lovrinčevići, Zagvozd 43 22'57.90"N 17 04'21.00"E 473 April 30th, 2007 Zakšek, V. Split, Gornje Kelami, on the pass north of the village east of Mt. Bilus 43 37'54.08"N 16 20'21.04"E 459 April 28 th, 2007 Verovnik, R. W from G. Buljani, D. Bitelić, Hrvace, Sinj 43 47'46.80"N 16 35'50.70"E 431 April 29th, 2007 Zakšek, V. W of Janjići, Mirlović polje, Drniš 43 48'26.30"N 16 20'40.80"E 406 May 2nd, 2007 Zakšek, V. NW from spring M. Rumin, Rumin, Hrvace, Sinj 4 46'56.90"N 16 39'06.20"E 393 April 29th, 2007 Zakšek, V. W of hill Lisnica, Sirovice, Drniš 43 50'47.30"N 16 09'06.30"E 383 May 2nd, 2007 Zakšek, V. SW of G. Planjane, Unešić, Drniš 43 44'44.80"N 16 11'43.80"E 359 May 2nd, 2007 Zakšek, V. SE of village Parati, D. Planjane, Drniš 43 46'54.30"N 16 10'03.30"E 340 May 2nd, 2007 Zakšek, V. Ravni Golubići, near the pond 44 11'47.40"N 15 49'25.03"E 340 May 6th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Beneth Zrmanja village 44 09'45.71"N 16 03'25.49"E 320 May 1st, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Trogir, Prgomet, carstic platoe Muše on a small road from E side 43 36'12.55"N 16 13'13.78"E 312 April 28 th, 2007 Verovnik, R. Vrelo Zrmanje, Bogunovići 44 12'12.31"N 16 04'19.08"E 303 May 4th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Golubići, close to the Mt. Prezid 44 06'19.68"N 16 12'51.58"E 298 April 30th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih W of hill Brušnjak, Visići, Sitno Donje, Primorski Dolac 43 41'14.50"N 16 09'44.80"E 288 May 2nd, 2007 Zakšek, V. Mokro polje 44 03'29.07"N 16 02'34.51"E 286 May 1st, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih W from Dirlići, Radošić, Trogir 43 36'40.90"N 16 16'27.80"E 280 May 2nd, 2007 Zakšek, V. Kaštel, Kozjak, on a small side road westwards to spring Cešmenovac 43 34'37.10"N 16 19'26.55"E 257 April 28 th, 2007 Verovnik, R. E of hill Vrljica, Bakovići, Primorski Dolac 43 39'11.20"N 16 12'07.90"E 235 May 2nd, 2007 Zakšek, V. Split, Radošić, along the road N of the crossroads 43 36'27.83"N 16 19'44.35"E 234 April 28 th, 2007 Verovnik, R. S of hill Mrčelin umac, Sitno Donje, Primorski Dolac 43 41'48.20"N 16 09'22.70"E 227 May 2nd, 2007 Zakšek, V. Šibenik, Danilo, western part of the hill Baljčuša 43 43'39.21"N 15 59'06.83"E 223 April 28 th, 2007 Verovnik, R. SE of Goriš, Konjevrate, Drniš 43 47'37.50"N 16 01'54.50"E 220 May 2nd, 2007 Zakšek, V. Kaštel, Rudine, small valley with a road to Opor north of railroad 43 34'18.73"N 16 18'19.97"E 202 April 28 th, 2007 Verovnik, R. W from hill Vijenac, Nadin, Benkovac 44 07'55.56"N 15 51'79.72"E 202 April 30th, 2005 Zakšek, V. Primorski Dolac, Trolokve, on the platoe west of the village 43 37'55.90"N 16 14'30.12"E 192 April 28 th, 2007 Verovnik, R. SW from village Mikulići, Benkovac 44 01'19.80"N 15 35'42.20"E 176 April 30th, 2005 Zakšek, V. Hills Kozarica and Kaštelina, Kasić, Pirovac 43 52'07.90"N 15 40'02.60"E 161 May 1st, 2005 Zakšek, V. N from village Raštević, Polača, Benkovac 44 03'01.00"N 15 31'58.90"E 156 April 30th, 2005 Zakšek, V. SW of Gulin, Bilice, Šibenik 43 46'31.70"N 15 57'40.70"E 154 May 2nd, 2007 Zakšek, V. Obrovac, in the village Bogatnik at Sukare 44 09'43.85"N 15 49'13.01"E 153 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. W from hill V. Umac, Crljenik, Pirovac 43 52'48.70"N 15 40'54.60"E 151 May 1st, 2005 Zakšek, V. Krupa spring, close to the road 44 11'46.67"N 15 54'35.14"E 143 April 30th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih 148

7 T. Koren, I. Burić, A. Stih, V. Zakšek, R. Verovnik: New data about the distribution and altitudinal span of the Dalmatian ringlet Locality Coordinates Alt. (m) Date Observer(s) NW from village Begovići, Benovac 44 02'26.80"N 15 32'48.00"E 142 April 30th, 2005 Zakšek, V. Panići, near the road to vrelo Krupe 44 10'46.45"N 15 49'18.04"E 133 May 2nd, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Obrovac, along the road S of the town on the plateau 44 11'41.90"N 15 40'26.09"E 132 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. W of village Gornja Jagodnja, Polača, Benkovac 44 00'52.00"N 15 32'00.32"E 129 April 30th, 2005 Zakšek, V. SW from Komorovac, Novalja, Island of Pag 44 34'00.00"N 14 55'55.10"E 127 April 28 th, 2005 Zakšek, V. W of Donje Miranje, Vrana, Pakostane 43 58'50.70"N 15 34'59.70"E 126 April 30th, 2005 Zakšek, V. Hills Stubica and Drasnjak, Cubrići, Pirovac 43 51'23.40"N 15 41'28.30"E 124 May 1st, 2005 Zakšek, V. Sekulići, behind the cemetery 44 13'04.57"N 15 44'40.41"E 120 May 3rd, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih W from village Zapužane, Benkovac 44 00'55.50"N 15 33'43.00"E 118 April 30th, 2005 Zakšek, V. E from village Ivkovići, Nadin, Skabrnja, Benkovac 44 04'46.30"N 15 46'30.15"E 116 April 30th, 2005 Zakšek, V. Obrovac, Krupa gorge, 2 km SE of the Krupa Monastery 44 11'25.62"N 15 52'28.34"E 115 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. S from village Cubrići, Pirovac 43 51'30.00"N 15 42'00.40"E 114 May 1st, 2005 Zakšek, V. Obrovac, along the road 0,5 km N of the turn for village Ribnica 44 10'48.01"N 15 37'02.61"E 111 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. Obrovac, Krupa, grasslands SE of the Krupa Monastery 44 11'32.36"N 15 53'09.82"E 103 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. E of village Ražnjevići, Polača, Benkovac 44 01'10.10"N 15 31'21.80"E 101 April 30th, 2005 Zakšek, V. Manastir, close to river Krupa 44 11'26.33"N 15 53'00.17"E 101 May 2nd, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih Pastures between Kolansko blato and Kolan, Novalja, Island of Pag 44 29'57.70"N 14 56'20.50"E 84 April 27 th, 2005 Zakšek, V. E from village Vidalići, Novalja, Island of Pag 44 32'12.60"N 14 57'47.80"E 77 May 2nd, 2005 Zakšek, V. Kaštel Zegarski, village 44 09'24.14"N 15 51'12.23"E 75 April 30th, 2010 Koren, Burić, Stih N of Smokvica, Povljana, Island of Pag 44 22'12.50"N 15 12'00.20"E 71 April 30th, 2005 Zakšek, V. S from hill Bakrać, near Vrana lake, Pirovac 43 51'58.20"N 15 38'55.50"E 67 May 1st, 2005 Zakšek, V. N from marine Simuni, Pag, Island of Pag 44 28'28.60"N 14 57'17.30"E 65 April 28 th, 2005 Zakšek, V. N of hill Kosovac, Vrana, Pakostane 43 56'15.00"N 15 34'20.70"E 40 April 30th, 2005 Zakšek, V. NW of Bošana, Pag, Island of Pag 44 28'49.90"N 15 00'03.80"E 22 April 28 th, 2005 Zakšek, V. Turnić, S from Gorica, Povljana, Island of Pag 44 22'47.74"N 15 07'16.52"E 20 April 28 th, 2005 Zakšek, V. Stan, NW of Vlašići, Povljana, Island of Pag 44 21'25.70"N 15 07'02.10"E 16 April 28 th, 2005 Zakšek, V. Karin, Karisnica valley, middle part 44 07'13.15"N 15 37'43.30"E 14 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. Binjac, SE from Kosljun, Pag, Island of Pag 44 23'15.69"N 15 06'14.04"E 6 April 28 th, 2005 Zakšek, V. Drakovci, E from Povljana, Island of Pag 44 21'34.80"N 15 08'15.40"E 5 April 28 th, 2005 Zakšek, V. References Abadjiev, S. P., 2002: Types of Balkan butterflies in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London (Lepidoptera, Hesperioidea & Papilionoidea). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten, 53: Čelik, T., Zakšek, V., Vreš, B. & Verovnik, R., 2006: Distribution and habitat characteristics of Proterebia afra (Fabricius, 1787) (Lepidoptera, Satyrinae) in Croatia. 1st Slovenian Entomological Symposium, Book of Abstracts, 8-9 pp. De Louker, S. & Dils, J., 1987: The occurrence of Proterebia phegea Borkhausen in Greece with description of a new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Phegea 15 (3): Fauna Europaea ( accessed in October Hafner, I. 1994: Verzeichnis der bei Knin gesammelten Schmetterlinge (Lepidoptera). Natura Croatica, 3 (2): Hesselbarth, G., Van Oorschot, H. & Wagener, S., 1995: Der Tagfalter der Türkei. Vol. 3., Selbstverlag S. Wagener, 847 pp., Bocholt. Horvatic, S., 1971: Osnovne vegetacijske jedinice primorskog krša i pitanje njihove pojačane zaštite. Simpozij o zaštiti prirode u našem kršu. Odjel za prirodne nauke JAZU, Zagreb. 149

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