Bedford County Hazard Mitigation Plan Risk Assessment/Capability Assessment Review Meeting Date February 8, 2017 Time 7:00-8:30 p.m.

Transcription

1 MEETING NOTES Meeting Bedford County Hazard Mitigation Plan Risk Assessment/Capability Assessment Review Meeting Date February 8, 2017 Time 7:00-8:30 p.m. Location Attendees Bedford County Courthouse, 200 South Juliana Street, Bedford, PA Donald Schwartz, Director, Bedford County Planning Commission David Cubbison, Director, Bedford County Emergency Management Agency Saundra Thomas, Council President, Hopewell Borough Elizabeth Thomas, Resident, Hopewell Borough Ron Scritchfield, Secretary/Treasurer, Londonderry Township Steve Stouffer, Supervisor, Londonderry Township Wayne Felix, Schellsburg Borough Joshua Bookhamer, Rockland Manufacturing George E. Ritchey, Bedford Reinforced Plastics Robin Robertson, County Executive Director, USDA Farm Service Agency Tony Subbio, Tetra Tech, Inc. (Tetra Tech) Purpose The purpose of the was to provide an update on the Bedford County Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) status, with a specific focus on the risk assessment, hazard profile, and capabilities assessment results. The meeting provided an opportunity for municipal representatives to contribute additional local-level information about hazard probability and impact on Bedford County. Discussion Points This section summarizes each discussion point addressed during the meeting. Welcome Mr. Schwartz and Mr. Cubbison welcomed attendees to the meeting. Mr. Subbio also welcomed attendees and introduced the purpose of the meeting. Worksheet Completion Status Mr. Subbio reviewed the submittals of the municipal worksheets provided to Planning Team representatives and identified the number of municipalities remaining. As of the meeting, 23 municipalities still need to provide completed worksheets. Mr. Subbio then led a discussion of each of the 20 hazards profiled as part of the HMP update. He provided attendees with an understanding of the information researched and the process behind the final risk analysis. PAGE 1 OF 3

2 MEETING NOTES Mr. Subbio then provided a brief overview of research results for each hazard profiled in the HMP. Specific discussions about each hazard are provided below, as applicable. Drought Earthquake o The HAZUS results seemed excessive to the attendees. Extreme Temperatures Flood, Flash Flood, and Ice Jam o The HAZUS results seemed excessive to the attendees. The residents and business owners in the county are very resilient. The number of households displaced and people seeking shelter seemed particularly excessive. Hailstorm Invasive Species o Attendees mentioned that Hogweed and Mayor s Tail are also a concern. Landslide Lightning Strike Pandemic Disease Radon Exposure Subsidence and Sinkholes Tornadoes and Windstorms o A microburst in Hopewell five or six years ago caused some damage. Wildfire Winter Storm Dam Failure o Mr. Cubbison knew of one dam failure in the county in the late 1980s. The failure inundated a large section of a golf course. No further information was available. Environmental Hazards (Hazardous Materials) Levee Failure Terrorism Transportation Accidents o Attendees discussed the accessibility issue in Hyndman Borough, in which the borough is blocked through the center of town when a train breaks down, blocking all three rail crossings. Pit Road is available as a detour, but requires several people to guard the sewage treatment plant, which is normally locked. When the creek near that road is high, the road is not passable. Ambulances can travel under the overpass along Pit Road, but the ground is often too soft. Mr. Cubbison has had conversations with stakeholders in Maryland regarding possible access to an air ambulance (helicopter) during the time the borough is cut off from medical facilities. Utility Interruptions PAGE 2 OF 3

3 MEETING NOTES After summarizing the individual hazard profiles, Mr. Subbio shared the current draft risk analysis results. The attendees reviewed the risk analysis and had the opportunity to ask questions about specific rankings and numbers. No major concerns with the analysis results were noted during the meeting. Attendees were encouraged to provide input and additional information to further enhance the risk assessment and risk analysis, either during the meeting or via . Capability Assessment Results Mr. Subbio next reviewed the Capabilities Assessment results. He described the purpose of the Capabilities Assessment in the draft HMP, and explained that the information for this section was sourced from multiple areas, including municipal worksheets, the current version of the County HMP, and local county and municipal officials. Mr. Subbio provided a brief overview of the current Capability Assessment results, organized by the following five major areas in the Capability Assessment worksheet: Planning and Regulatory o Mr. Schwartz will provide comments on which municipalities have which regulations in place. Administrative and Technical Fiscal o Mr. Schwartz noted that all of the county s municipalities have access to Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funding through the county. Political Self-Assessment Next Steps Mr. Subbio reviewed the following next steps in the HMP update process with attendees: Mitigation Actions Handout This handout will serve as a prompt to assist municipalities in identifying mitigation actions, and will be further discussed at the upcoming Mitigation Solutions Workshop. Mitigation Solutions Workshop The Mitigation Solutions Workshop will be held on March 2, 2017, at 7:00 p.m., in the same location as the Risk Assessment/Capabilities Assessment Review Meeting (County Courthouse, Room 101). During this meeting, attendees will review the process of developing mitigation actions and projects. With no further questions, Mr. Schwartz, Mr. Cubbison, and Mr. Subbio thanked attendees for their time and participation. The meeting concluded at 8:30 p.m. PAGE 3 OF 3

4 Bedford County Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) Update Risk Assessment/Capability Assessment Review Meeting Agenda Welcome Worksheet Completion Status Capability Assessment Results Next Steps Questions Welcome Donald Schwartz, Bedford County Planning Commission David Cubbison, Bedford County Emergency Management Agency Worksheet Completion Status Still need worksheets from 23 municipalities Participation status tracker available upon request Worksheet completion is a participation requirement for the HMP Lack of participation in this HMP planning process can prevent funding eligibility Hazard Profile: Drought History (since 1965) 14 drought watch declarations 8 drought warning declarations 5 drought emergency declarations Almost $9.4 million in lost crop insurance payments within the County since 1948 Exposure 209,795 acres of farmland $123 million per year in agricultural products $86 million in livestock, poultry, and associated products Earthquake History None with epicenters in the County Annualized Losses: $20,682 Losses from 500-year mean return period (MRP) event $2,172,355 in building damage 2,362 tons of debris

5 Extreme Temperatures History (since 1950) 8 extreme lows 2 extreme highs Impacts Health effects Drought Utility load Probability 10 events in 66 years - 15% chance each year Extreme Temperatures Entire population is vulnerable, especially Elderly Infants and children Ill/unhealthy Low-income individuals who cannot afford heating/cooling Overexertion/hypothermia All structures are vulnerable Overloaded HVAC systems Frozen/bursting pipes Economic loss Loss of business Cost of repairs Flood, Flash Flood, and Ice Jam (1% annual chance) History Bedford County was declared a federal disaster area 12 times since major floods, flash floods, or ice jams since 1993 $602,971,000 in exposed property value Expected Losses (1-Percent Annual Chance Flood) $142,857,000 in property damage (including residential, commercial, and other occupancy types) 13,841 tons of debris 4,705 households displaced 1,304 people seeking shelter Hailstorm History: 41 hailstorms since 1950, hail size up to 2.75 inches in diameter $179,000 in property damage reported since 1948 Exposure: 209,795 acres of farmland $123 million per year in agricultural products Invasive Species Emerald ash borer Eurasian wood wasp Asian longhorned beetle Hemlock woolly adelgid Gypsy moth Mile-a-minute weed Oriental bittersweet Japanese angelica tree Landslide History: No known landslides Exposed County population 9.4% of the population is in an area with steep slopes Exposed property value $443,716,000 in areas with steep slopes Expected losses depend on the nature and extent of the landslide

6 Lightning Strike History 2 lightning events that caused property damage ( ) Exposure Entire County is vulnerable in exposed outdoor areas in thunderstorm Pandemic Disease Primary pandemic/infectious disease focus Influenza Differences between pandemic and seasonal influenza History: Four major pandemics in the last 100 years Exposure: Entire County is vulnerable Increased vulnerability in highly/densely populated areas Radon Exposure High exposure potential 67% of homes in the County have measured radon levels above 4 picocuries per liter (pci/l) U.S. average is about 1.3 pci/l Subsidence and Sinkholes History: Dozens of sinkholes and surface depressions Exposure: o Over 7,000 people o $1.3 billion in property value Tornadoes and Windstorms History: 104 events since 1950; $1.2 million in recorded damage 8 tornadoes since 1954 Exposure: Entire County s building stock Expected Losses 500-year MRP event (61-68 miles per hour [mph]) $1.6 million in damage to building stock 4,453 tons of debris (tree debris only) Over $13,000 in annualized losses Wildfire 58 wildfires, Exposure: o 37,100 people o 38,000 structures o $5.6 million in property value

7 Winter Storm 69 major winter storm events since disaster declarations since 1954 Exposure o Entire County is vulnerable o Over $4.5 billion in structural value Dam Failure 30 dams; 5 high-hazard No history of dam failures Shawnee Lake dam failure inundation zone 2,260 people vulnerable $600.9 million in replacement cost value Environmental Hazards (Hazardous Materials) History 59 HazMat incidents reported between 2002 and 2011; no other records available Exposure o 9,300 people within ¼ mile of railroad o 8,600 people within ¼ mile of major roadway o 1,100 people within vulnerability radius of a HazMat facility Expected damage depends on the incident Levee Failure Two levee systems (three levees) Everett Hyndman No history of levee failure Exposure Everett 410 people $139 million of buildings and contents Hyndman not determined Terrorism History 17 school bomb threats between Three other suspicious devices/packages Alternative crash site of Flight 93 on September 11, 2001 All critical facilities are vulnerable Transportation Accidents 4,110 major vehicle accidents from 2010 to 2015 Two aircraft accidents Hyndman Borough inaccessible during rail accidents Potential economic impacts and other damage

8 Utility Interruptions Often a secondary impact of another hazard event Typically between 1-3 notable utility interruptions per year Mostly power outages Exposure: Entire County Regional events are usually the most severe Impacts to vulnerable populations Risk Factor Analysis Capability Assessment Results Planning and Regulatory Existing Hazard Mitigation Plan Emergency Operations Plan Participation in the NFIP Subdivision and Zoning Regulations Capability Assessment Results Administrative and Technical Planners Engineers Emergency Managers NFIP Floodplain Administrators Capability Assessment Results Fiscal Community Development Block Grant Water/Sewer Fees Capital Improvements Program Capability Assessment Results Political Very Willing - Unwilling

9 Capability Assessment Results Self-Assessment Next Steps Complete Municipal Worksheets Identify Mitigation Actions Conduct Mitigation Solutions Workshop March 2, 2017, 7:00-9:00 p.m. Bedford County Courthouse, Room 101, Bedford, PA Questions? Thank you for your time! Contacts Donald Schwartz (814) David Cubbison (814) Tony Subbio (717)

10 AGENDA BEDFORD COUNTY HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN UPDATE Agenda Wednesday, February 8, :00 9:00 p.m. 1. Welcome 2. Worksheet Completion Status 3. a. Hazard Profiles b. Risk Factor Analysis 4. Capability Assessment Results 5. Next Steps a. Mitigation Actions Handout b. Mitigation Solutions Workshop 6. Questions

11 Worksheet Completion Status Municipality Hazard Evaluation Survey Capability Assessment Survey Mitigation Strategy Survey Bedford County x x x Bedford Borough x x x Bedford Township Bloomfield Township x x x Broad Top Township x x Coaldale Borough Colerain Township x x Cumberland Valley Township x x x East Providence Township x x East Saint Clair Township x x x Everett Borough Harrison Township x x x Hopewell Borough Hopewell Township Hyndman Borough Juniata Township x x x Kimmel Township King Township Liberty Township Lincoln Township Londonderry Township Mann Township x x x Manns Choice Borough Monroe Township x x x Napier Township New Paris Borough x x x x 1

12 Pavia Township Municipality Pleasantville Borough Rainsburg Borough Saint Clairsville Borough Saxton Borough Schellsburg Borough Hazard Evaluation Survey Capability Assessment Survey Mitigation Strategy Survey Snake Spring Township x x x South Woodbury Township Southampton Township West Providence Township x x x West Saint Clair Township Woodbury Borough Woodbury Township 2

13 SECTION 4.4: HAZARD RISK RANKING Table Risk Ranking for Bedford County HAZARD RISK NATURAL HAZARDS PROBABILITY RISK ASSESSMENT CATEGORY IMPACT SPATIAL ETENT WARNING TIME DURATION RISK FACTOR (RF) Flood Wildfires Invasive Species Utility Interruptions Winter Storms Pandemic Disease Tornado, Windstorms Environmental Hazards Subsidence and Sinkholes Levee Failure Hailstorm Radon Exposure Drought Earthquake Transportation Accidents Dam Failures Extreme Temperatures Landslide Lightning Strike Terrorism Bedford County Hazard Mitigation Plan DATE

14 Capability Assessment Tables The criteria for the assessments for each Bedford County municipality are listed in the tables on the following pages. Table 5-1 lists criteria for the planning and regulatory capability and Table 5-2 lists criteria for administrative and technical capability. Table 5-3 lists fiscal capability, Table 5-4 lists political capability, and Table 5-5 presents a capability self-assessment matrix. 1

15 Table 5-1. Planning and Regulatory Capability Municipality Hazard Mitigation Plan EOP Disaster Recovery Plan Evacuation Plan COOP Plan NFIP NFIP CRS Floodplain Regulations Floodplain Mgmt. Plan Zoning Regulations Subdivision Regulations Comprehensive Land Use Plan (or General, Master, or Growth Mgmt. Plan) Open Space Mgmt. Plan Stormwater Mgmt. Plan/Ordinance Natural Resource Protection Plan Capital Improvements Plan Economic Dev. Plan Historic Preservation Plan Farmland Preservation Building Code Fire Code Firewise Storm Ready Other Bedford County N/A N/A N/A - N/A N/A - + N/A Bedford Borough Bedford Township Bloomfield Township Broad Top Township Coaldale Borough Colerain Township Cumberland Valley Township East Providence Township East Saint Clair Township Everett Borough Harrison Township Hopewell Borough - Hopewell Township Hyndman Borough 2

16 Municipality Hazard Mitigation Plan EOP Disaster Recovery Plan Evacuation Plan COOP Plan NFIP NFIP CRS Floodplain Regulations Floodplain Mgmt. Plan Zoning Regulations Subdivision Regulations Comprehensive Land Use Plan (or General, Master, or Growth Mgmt. Plan) Open Space Mgmt. Plan Stormwater Mgmt. Plan/Ordinance Natural Resource Protection Plan Capital Improvements Plan Economic Dev. Plan Historic Preservation Plan Farmland Preservation Building Code Fire Code Firewise Storm Ready Other Juniata Township Kimmel Township - King Township - Liberty Township - Lincoln Township Londonderry Township Mann Township Manns Choice Borough Monroe Township Napier Township New Paris Borough Pavia Township Pleasantville Borough - Rainsburg Borough Saint Clairsville Borough Saxton Borough Schellsburg Borough 3

17 Municipality Hazard Mitigation Plan EOP Disaster Recovery Plan Evacuation Plan COOP Plan NFIP NFIP CRS Floodplain Regulations Floodplain Mgmt. Plan Zoning Regulations Subdivision Regulations Comprehensive Land Use Plan (or General, Master, or Growth Mgmt. Plan) Open Space Mgmt. Plan Stormwater Mgmt. Plan/Ordinance Natural Resource Protection Plan Capital Improvements Plan Economic Dev. Plan Historic Preservation Plan Farmland Preservation Building Code Fire Code Firewise Storm Ready Other Snake Spring Township South Woodbury Township Southampton Township West Providence Township West Saint Clair Township Woodbury Borough Woodbury Township Notes: indicates that the municipality currently has this capability in place. UD indicates this capability is under development. - indicates no capability is currently in place. Highlight indicates no response was received from the municipality for the current effort. Values shown are from the 2011 HMP. Acronyms: COOP Continuity of Operations CRS Community Rating System EOP Emergency Operations Plan NFIP National Flood Insurance Program 4

18 Table 5-2. Administrative and Technical Capability Municipality Planners (with land use/land development knowledge) Planners or Engineers (with natural and/or human caused hazards knowledge) Engineers or Professionals trained in building and/or infrastructure construction practices Emergency Manager NFIP Floodplain Administrator Land Surveyors Scientists or Staff familiar with the hazards of the community Personnel skilled in GIS and/or FEMA s HAZUS program Grant Writers or Fiscal Staff to handle large/complex grants Staff with expertise or training in Benefit-Cost Analysis Other Bedford County - N/A Bedford Borough Bedford Township Bloomfield Township Broad Top Township Coaldale Borough Colerain Township Cumberland Valley Township East Providence Township East Saint Clair Township Everett Borough Harrison Township Hopewell Borough Hopewell Township Hyndman Borough Juniata Township Kimmel Township 5

19 Municipality Planners (with land use/land development knowledge) Planners or Engineers (with natural and/or human caused hazards knowledge) Engineers or Professionals trained in building and/or infrastructure construction practices Emergency Manager NFIP Floodplain Administrator Land Surveyors Scientists or Staff familiar with the hazards of the community Personnel skilled in GIS and/or FEMA s HAZUS program Grant Writers or Fiscal Staff to handle large/complex grants Staff with expertise or training in Benefit-Cost Analysis Other King Township Liberty Township Lincoln Township Londonderry Township Mann Township Manns Choice Borough Monroe Township Napier Township New Paris Borough Pavia Township Pleasantville Borough Rainsburg Borough Saint Clairsville Borough Saxton Borough Schellsburg Borough Snake Spring Township South Woodbury Township Southampton Township 6

20 Municipality Planners (with land use/land development knowledge) Planners or Engineers (with natural and/or human caused hazards knowledge) Engineers or Professionals trained in building and/or infrastructure construction practices Emergency Manager NFIP Floodplain Administrator Land Surveyors Scientists or Staff familiar with the hazards of the community Personnel skilled in GIS and/or FEMA s HAZUS program Grant Writers or Fiscal Staff to handle large/complex grants Staff with expertise or training in Benefit-Cost Analysis Other West Providence Township West Saint Clair Township Woodbury Borough Woodbury Township Notes: indicates that the municipality currently has this capability in place. - indicates no capability is currently in place. Highlight indicates no response was received from the municipality for the current effort. Values shown are from the 2011 HMP. Acronyms: FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency GIS Geographic Information System HAZUS Hazards U.S. Multi-Hazard NFIP National Flood Insurance Program 7

21 Table 5-3. Fiscal Capability Municipality Capital Improvements Program Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) Special Purpose Taxes Gas/Electric Utility Fees Water/Sewer Fees Stormwater Utility Fees Development Impact Fees General Obligation, Revenue, and/or Special Tax Bonds Partnering Arrangements or Intergovernmental Agreements Other Bedford County Bedford Borough Bedford Township Bloomfield Township Broad Top Township Coaldale Borough Colerain Township Cumberland Valley Township East Providence Township East Saint Clair Township Everett Borough Harrison Township Hopewell Borough Hopewell Township Hyndman Borough Juniata Township Kimmel Township King Township Liberty Township Lincoln Township Londonderry Township Mann Township Manns Choice Borough Monroe Township Napier Township New Paris Borough

22 Municipality Capital Improvements Program Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) Special Purpose Taxes Gas/Electric Utility Fees Water/Sewer Fees Stormwater Utility Fees Development Impact Fees General Obligation, Revenue, and/or Special Tax Bonds Partnering Arrangements or Intergovernmental Agreements Other Pavia Township Pleasantville Borough Rainsburg Borough Saint Clairsville Borough Saxton Borough Schellsburg Borough Snake Spring Township South Woodbury Township Southampton Township West Providence T West Saint hi Clair Township Woodbury Borough Woodbury Township Notes: indicates that the municipality currently has this capability in place. - indicates no capability is currently in place. Highlight indicates no response was received from the municipality for the current effort. Values shown are from the 2011 HMP. 9

23 Table 5-4. Political Capability Municipality Bedford County Very Willing Moderate to Very Willing Moderately Willing Unwilling to Moderately Willing Unwilling Bedford Borough Bedford Township Bloomfield Township Broad Top Township Coaldale Borough Colerain Township Cumberland Valley Township East Providence Township East Saint Clair Township Everett Borough Harrison Township Hopewell Borough Hopewell Township Hyndman Borough Juniata Township Kimmel Township King Township Liberty Township Lincoln Township Londonderry Township Mann Township Manns Choice Borough Monroe Township Napier Township New Paris Borough Pavia Township Pleasantville Borough Rainsburg Borough Saint Clairsville Borough Saxton Borough 10

24 Municipality Schellsburg Borough Very Willing Moderate to Very Willing Moderately Willing Unwilling to Moderately Willing Unwilling Snake Spring Township South Woodbury Township Southampton Township West Providence Township West Saint Clair Township Woodbury Borough Woodbury Township Notes: indicates the identified municipal political effort currently in place. Highlight indicates no response was received from the municipality for the current effort. Values shown are from the 2011 HMP. 11

25 Municipality Table 5-5. Capability Self-Assessment Matrix Planning and Regulatory Capability Administrative and Technical Capability Capability Category Fiscal Capability Community Political Capability Community Resiliency Capability Bedford County L L L M M Bedford Borough H M M M M Bedford Township M M M M M Bloomfield Township L L L L L Broad Top Township L M H H H Coaldale Borough L L L L L Colerain Township L L L L L Cumberland Valley Township L L L L L East Providence Township L L L L L East Saint Clair Township L L L L L Everett Borough Harrison Township L L L L L Hopewell Borough M M L L L Hopewell Township L L L L L Hyndman Borough Juniata Township L L L L L Kimmel Township King Township Liberty Township L L L L L Lincoln Township Londonderry Township Mann Township L L L L L Manns Choice Borough M M M L L Monroe Township L L L L L Napier Township New Paris Borough L L L L L Pavia Township L L L L L Pleasantville Borough Rainsburg Borough Saint Clairsville Borough 12

26 Municipality Planning and Regulatory Capability Administrative and Technical Capability Capability Category Fiscal Capability Community Political Capability Community Resiliency Capability Saxton Borough M L L M M Schellsburg Borough Snake Spring Township M M L L L South Woodbury Township L L L L L Southampton Township West Providence Township M M L L L West Saint Clair Township Woodbury Borough Woodbury Township L L L L L Notes: Includes values identified in Blank space indicates no response was received from the municipality for the 2011 HMP update or the current effort. Highlight indicates no response was received from the municipality for the current effort. Values shown are from the 2011 HMP. L = Low M = Moderate H = High 13

27 Mitigation Strategies for Consideration Please review and provide the following information for the update of actions and initiatives for your mitigation strategy. Suggested actions have been developed based on an analysis of Bedford County needs and capabilities, or were carried over from the previous hazard mitigation plan (HMP) update. Not all questions may apply to your municipality; please indicate N/A if this is the case. Please provide as much detail as possible so that mitigation actions can be expanded and customized for your municipality to accurately reflect your capabilities and methods of operation. 1. Which properties in your jurisdiction are most at-risk to flood events and would have the greatest need for retrofitting or other flood hazard mitigation measures? All repetitive loss and severe repetitive loss properties should be included. Specific property addresses do not need to be listed (to ensure residential privacy) but names of streets or neighborhoods can be included. 2. What public outreach and education actions would you be most interested in implementing? A. Provide general natural hazard risk preparedness and mitigation, and related National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) information in regular newsletters and mailings. B. Provide natural hazard risk and risk reduction information through social media channels and blast systems. C. Post flyers and other readily available NFIP informational materials at municipal hall or distribute at regular civic meetings. D. Develop/maintain a natural hazard risk management webpage on the municipal website where information and mapping can be posted. E. Encourage regular offerings of the American Red Cross Citizen s Disaster Course and other relevant classes. F. Encourage private business owners and managers of infrastructure that provide critical services in post-disaster situations to develop Continuity of Operations (COOP) or Business Continuity Plans. G. Enhance public outreach to residents in NFIP floodplain areas to inform them of annual grant opportunities, which may include distributing periodic articles and including handouts in the annual newsletter. H. Other: 3. What Emergency Operations Center (EOC) communications equipment or needs are most important to resolve current county and municipal needs? Bedford County Hazard Mitigation Plan 1

28 Mitigation Strategies for Consideration 4. Which critical facilities still need or would benefit from a backup generator or redundant power supply? 5. Which roads would benefit from mitigation or structural projects to reduce vulnerability to hazardous materials (HazMat) incidents? Also, please specify the types of projects that would most help a high-risk road (for example, lower speed limits), if this information is available. 6. Which roads would benefit from mitigation or structural projects to reduce vulnerability to flood or stormwater incidents? Also, please specify the types of projects that would most help a highrisk road (for example, new/expanded culvert, road elevation, repaving, etc.), if this information is available. 7. What areas in the municipality are still in need of stormwater rehabilitation and upgrades? 8. Which roads would benefit from mitigation or structural projects to reduce vulnerability to landslide incidents? Also, please specify the types of projects that would most help a high-risk road (for example, slope stabilization, energy dissipation, or vegetative plantings), if this information is available. 9. What other roads in the municipality are considered high-risk and would benefit from improved design, routing, and traffic control functions? Which hazards (if any) are these roads most vulnerable to? Hazards being profiled in the HMP are drought, earthquake, extreme temperatures, flood, hailstorm, invasive species, landslide, lightning strike, pandemic disease, radon exposure, subsidence and sinkholes, tornado and windstorms, wildfires, winter storms, dam failures, environmental hazards (hazmat), levee failure, terrorism, transportation accidents, and utility interruptions. 10. What other mitigation projects are you interested in or are targeting for completion during the next 5 years? Please provide as much detail as possible. Bedford County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2

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