Report YBT Mexico Report about Attitudes of pre-university students MEXICO January 2017

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Gerald Harvey
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1 Report about Attitudes of pre-university students MEXICO January 2017 Page 1

2 Summary 1. Introduction Objectives Data Sheet Relevant Conclusions The different type of future career path Geographic mobility Most preferred provinces and countries for work Future career path Summary Graphics Graphic 1: What do you want to do in the future?... 6 Graphic 2: Preference for entrepreneurship by country... 7 Graphic 2b: Preferred Working company...7 Graphic 3: Preferences of pre-university students about their professional future... 9 Graphic 4: Being a civil servant Graphic 5: Being an entrepreneur Graphic 6: Being a wage earner Graphic 7: Geographical mobility relating to provinces Graphic 8: Geographical mobility relating to countries Graphic 9: Geographic mobility by zones. Change province Graphic 10: Geographic mobility by zones. Change country Graphic 11: Most preferred provinces related to career path Graphic 12: Most preferred countries related to career path Graphic 13: Decision about future career path Graphic 14: Decision about future studies Graphic 15: Decision about future studies by provinces Summary Tables Table 1: Preferences by type of work compared to countries Table 2: Type of work by gender Table 3: Geographical mobility relating to provinces by gender Table 4: Geographical mobility relating to countries by gender Table 5: Decision about future studies by gender Page 2

3 This report has been coordinated by Prof. Daniel Arias Aranda from University of Granada (Spain). This report has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the research project ECO R. Acknowledgements We want to thank all teachers for their guidance and eagerness, all partners for their support and all the participating students for their enthusiasm. Page 3

4 1. Introduction Young Business Talents (YBT) is a business simulation experience that allows participants to make all kinds of decisions within a virtual company. YBT lets participants experience the process of managing a firm in order to develop and put into practice their skills and knowledge. In order to obtain complete information about YBT please visit The Young Business Talents Report (YBTR) is a social research based on data from YBT that is developed to identify the attitudes and tendencies of young Mexican pre-university students as well as the most relevant issues that may impact their future and that of the whole society. YBTR is promoted and carried out by NIVEA and Praxis MMT as a part of its business social responsibility and with the objective to help young people including families, to enhance their perspectives about their professional future. The presented results have a transcendence in the short and long term that may imply the need for changes in the way to address educational and social needs. YBTR presents the results that are understood as most significant and relevant for the youth and for the society. In some of these results, comparisons with other countries are presented, to provide a broader view that allows the company for a more concrete and deeper evaluation. The studied universe of teenagers between 15 and 21 years old is crucial. Since it is at this age when they settle the criteria and attitudes that will prevail and affect much of their adult life. 2. Objectives To get to know reliably: The reality of young people's perceptions to transcendental issues regarding their attitudes and aptitudes towards future employment. Their interests about future professional careers. Their preferences in the development of their future professions. Whether the application of new educational technologies and techniques increases the chances for academic and professional success. Page 4

5 3. Data Sheet Social research of young pre-university students between the ages of 15 and 21, Studies of 1º, 2º and 3º year of Bachillerato (High School) and Ciclos medio y superior de Formación Professional (Professional training). Universe studied: young people. Universe considered: Infinite. Information collection instrument: Structured questionnaire of 10 questions, 8 closed and 2 open questions. The questionnaire is answered by the individuals in the sample online at the time of the enrolment in Young Business Talents. Sample: individuals. Sampling method: Random clustering Data were collected between October and November 2016 with a degree of confidence of 95%; P=Q=0,50; Error: +/- 1,10% 4. Relevant Conclusions The majority of young Mexican pre-university students (65,34%) consider that funding an own company is the best option for their future career path (See Graphic 1). Data from last year report (see YBT report 2015) showed that 67,29% opted for entrepreneurship which counts for a difference of 1,94% between both samples. However, 29,41% of these students would like to work for a company in the near future and 5,25% of them prefer working as a civil servant. 91% of the sample have a clear idea about what profession and activities they would like to do in the future. According to the question which university they prefer at most the sample shows the most desired universities in the following priority order: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Universidad Autónoma Chapingo Universidad Veracruzana Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Tecnológico de Monterrey Page 5

Graphic 1: What do you want to do in the future? The interest of participant to become entrepreneurs is significantly different according to different regions.

6 Graphic 1: What do you want to do in the future? The interest of participant to become entrepreneurs is significantly different according to different regions. The zone with the highest predisposition to create a company are the provinces Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (77,45%), Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit (72,16%), Guanajuato, Querétaro, San Luis de Potosí (70,04%) and Hidalgo, México, Michoacan, Morelos (67,63%). The area where the young people are less willing to found a company is formed by Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo (60,42%), Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz (60,45%) and Distrito Federal (62,81%). If we compare the degree of interest for entrepreneurship with other Southern European countries like Spain, Portugal, Italy and Greece the distances are very large among the young people of the sample. With 65,35% Mexico is the country with the highest degree of entrepreneurship. Followed by Greece with 48,11% and Portugal with 46,47%. In comparison, Spaniards have the lowest will of being entrepreneurs (36,16%). According to the chart, Italy remains with 38,34% a slightly higher percentage than Spain (See Graphic 2). Page 6

Graphic 2: Preference for entrepreneurship by country With only 5,25% the Mexicans have the lowest willingness be civil servants followed by Portugal with 8,57%.

7 Graphic 2: Preference for entrepreneurship by country With only 5,25% the Mexicans have the lowest willingness be civil servants followed by Portugal with 8,57%. In comparison with 25,84%, young Spanish pre-university students have the highest willingness to work as a civil servant. (See Table 1). 29,40% of the Mexican pre-university students who want to work in the private sector prefer to work for the following companies in the following priority order: Coca Cola (4,60%), Apple (4,52%), Nivea (4,25%), Bimbo (4,17%), Pemex (3,60%), Google (3,33%) and Audi (2,22%) (See Graphic 2b). Page 7

8 Graphic 2b: Preferred companies There is also a great willingness for Mexicans to change the place of residence for work. There is an increase of 3,88% compared to 2015 (91,83%) and 96,09% would even change to another country for their future career path. The most attractive cities for working are, in order of preference: Distrito Federal, Nuevo Leon, México, Jalisco, Baja California, Puebla and Quintana Roo. The most attractive countries according to preferences are the United States, Spain, Canada, Germany, Japan, France, Italy and the United Kingdom. 5. The different type of future career path In this part of this report we intend to figure out whether there is a substantial difference in young students according to their preference of working as a wage earners in the private sector, in the public sector or becoming entrepreneurs. 65,34% of young students intend to become entrepreneurs while 29,41% of them prefer to work for the private sector. In 2015 this figures were 66,28% and 19,86% respectively. A decrease of 0,93% and an increase of 9,54% could be recognized. The rest of them (5,25%) intend to become civil servants. Compared to 2015 with 13,87% this involves a significant decrease of 8,62% (see Graphic 3). Page 8

Graphic 3: Preferences of pre-university students about their professional future The importance of this information acquires relevance when studying the different zones.

9 Graphic 3: Preferences of pre-university students about their professional future The importance of this information acquires relevance when studying the different zones. We could recognize that the work preferences are different compared to each region. Hence, 5,25% of the pre-university students considered to be civil servants as the best option for the future. The differences between the different zones of the country are significant. Young people from Distrito Federal (10,74%), Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo (7,08%) and Baja California, B. C. Sur, Chihuahua (6,81%) are those who prefer to be civil servants. The provinces with the biggest rejection to be civil servant formed by Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (1,96%), Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz (3,90%) and Hidalgo, México, Michoacan, Morelos (3,99%) (see Graphic 4). Page 9

10 Distrito Federal Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Baja California, B. C. Sur, Chihuahua Guanajuato, Querétaro, San Luis de Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit Hidalgo, México, Michoacan, Morelos Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas 7,08% 6,81% 5,84% 5,10% 3,99% 3,90% 1,96% 10,74% 0,00% 5,00% 10,00% 15,00% Graphic 4: Being a civil servant The young people with the most entrepreneurial spirit in Mexico are those in the provinces formed by Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (77,45%), Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit (72,16%) and Guanajuato, Querétaro, San Luis de Potosí (70,07%). The lowest results are formed by (Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo), (Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz) and (Distrito Federal) with 60,62%, 60,45% and 62,81% respectively. The difference between the more entrepreneurial states and the less entrepreneurial provinces are up to 25% (see Graphic 5). Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit Guanajuato, Querétaro, San Luis de Hidalgo, México, Michoacan, Morelos Baja California, B. C. Sur, Chihuahua Distrito Federal Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, 77,45% 72,16% 70,07% 67,63% 66,54% 62,81% 60,45% 60,42% 0,00% 20,00% 40,00% 60,00% 80,00% Graphic 5: Being an entrepreneur Compared to the students who want to work for a private company, the area Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz (35,52%), Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo (32,50%) and Hidalgo, México, Michoacan, Morelos (28,38%) show the highest results respectively. The lowest results are formed by (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas), Page 10

11 (Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit) and (Guanajuato, Querétaro, San Luis de Potosí) with 20,59%, 22,75% and 24,09% (see Graphic 6). Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Hidalgo, México, Michoacan, Morelos Baja California, B. C. Sur, Chihuahua Distrito Federal Guanajuato, Querétaro, San Luis de Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas 35,52% 32,50% 28,38% 26,65% 25,62% 24,09% 22,75% 20,59% 0,00% 10,00% 20,00% 30,00% 40,00% Graphic 6: Being a wage earner Compared to other South European countries like Spain, Portugal, Italy and Greece the young Mexican pre-university students are with a score of 65,35% the highest in this ranking who are intending to start a company. Mexicans also have lowest willingness to be wage earners in the public sectors (5,25%). The remain 29,40% of them prefer to work for a private company (see Table 1) Country Spain Italy Portugal Greece Mexico Working for a company Working as a civil servant Become an entrepreneur Total 32,51% 26,07% 41,42% 100% 38,43% 16,49% 45,08% 100% 23,87% 8,84% 67,29% 100% 42,24% 15,26% 42,50% 100% 19,86% 13,87% 66,28% 100% 2016 Page 11

12 Country Spain Italy Portugal Greece Mexico Working for a company Working as a civil servant Become an entrepreneur Total 37,99% 25,84% 36,16% 100% 37,18% 24,48% 38,34% 100% 44,96% 8,57% 46,47% 100% 37,53% 14,36% 48,11% 100% 29,40% 5,25% 65,35% 100% Table 1: Preferences by type of work compared to countries Considering the choice of the type of work by gender, we can observe that there is nearly no significant difference between female and male students (see Table 2). Gender Working for a company Working as a civil servant Become an entrepreneur Total Female 29,38% 5,35% 65,27% 100,00% Male 29,44% 5,11% 65,45% 100,00% Total 29,40% 5,25% 65,35% 100,00% Table 2: Type of work by gender 6. Geographic mobility Regarding to the issue of mobility, we find out that young people between the ages of 15 and 21 are willing to change their place of residence to improve their professionally job chance. 95,71% of the young Mexican pre-university students would change the Province for their future career path. Compared to 91,83% in 2015 it is an increase of 3,88% (See Graphic 7). Page 12

No 4,29% Yes 95,71% Graphic 7: Geographical mobility related to provinces Comparing to the willingness of

Gender Yes No Total Female 96,09% 3,91% 100,00% Male 95,24% 4,76% 100,00% Total 95,71% 4,29% 100,00% Table 3:

13 No 4,29% Yes 95,71% Graphic 7: Geographical mobility related to provinces Comparing to the willingness of Mexican pre-university students to change the province by gender, there is only a slight difference between female or male students. In general females are more willing to change to another province for work (See Table 3). Gender Yes No Total Female 96,09% 3,91% 100,00% Male 95,24% 4,76% 100,00% Total 95,71% 4,29% 100,00% Table 3: Geographical mobility relating to provinces by gender According to the geographic mobility 96,09% of the young Mexican pre-university students would even change the country for their professional future career path (see Graphic 8). Page 13

Graphic 8: Geographical mobility relating to countries Comparing the willingness of young Mexican pre-university students to change the country by gender, we could not recognize a significant

14 Graphic 8: Geographical mobility relating to countries Comparing the willingness of young Mexican pre-university students to change the country by gender, we could not recognize a significant difference between female and male students. The difference between females and males is only 0,14% (see Table 4). Graphics 9 and 10 show differences in geographic willingness of mobility for regions and foreign countries. Gender Yes No Total Female 96,16% 3,84% 100,00% Male 96,02% 3,98% 100,00% Total 96,09% 3,91% 100,00% Table 4: Geographical mobility relating to countries by gender Page 14

15 Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana Hidalgo, México, Michoacan, Morelos Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz Baja California, B. C. Sur, Chihuahua Guanajuato, Querétaro, San Luis de Potosí Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas Distrito Federal 100,00% 98,23% 97,36% 93,58% 93,43% 92,94% 90,20% 87,60% 0,00% 20,00% 40,00% 60,00% 80,00% 100,00% Graphic 9: Geographic mobility by zones. Change province Distrito Federal Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana Hidalgo, México, Michoacan, Morelos Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz Guanajuato, Querétaro, San Luis de Potosí Baja California, B. C. Sur, Chihuahua Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit 99,17% 98,33% 97,34% 97,06% 96,73% 95,62% 93,97% 91,76% 0,00% 20,00% 40,00% 60,00% 80,00% 100,00% Graphic 10: Geographic mobility by zones. Change country 7. Most preferred provinces and countries for work Regarding to the question which provinces young Mexican pre-university students prefer at most, the graphic highlights that Distrito Federal has with 10,77% the largest number of preferences followed by Nuevo Leon (10,69%), México (9,80%), Jalisco (9,33%), Baja California (6,82%), Puebla (6,70%) and Quintana Roo (5,62%) (see Graphic 11). Page 15

Other provinces 40,28% Distrito Federal 10,77% Nuevo Leon 10,69% México 9,80% Puebla 6,70% Jalisco 9,33%

Regarding to the question which country young Mexican pre-university students prefer at most, the graphic

16,35%, Canada with 10,07%, Germany with 6,43%, Japan with 4,86%, France with 4,48%, Italy with 3,98% and

16 Other provinces 40,28% Distrito Federal 10,77% Nuevo Leon 10,69% México 9,80% Puebla 6,70% Jalisco 9,33% Quintana Roo 5,62% Baja California 6,82% Graphic 11: Most preferred provinces related to career path Regarding to the question which country young Mexican pre-university students prefer at most, the graphic highlights that the United States has with 15,66% the largest number of preferences followed by Spain with 16,35%, Canada with 10,07%, Germany with 6,43%, Japan with 4,86%, France with 4,48%, Italy with 3,98% and the United Kingdom with 3,63% (see Graphic 12). Graphic 12: Most preferred countries related to career path Page 16

8. Future career path The young students were asked if they know what professional activity they want to pursue in the future. 91% of them knew exactly what they would like to do and 9% did not.

17 8. Future career path The young students were asked if they know what professional activity they want to pursue in the future. 91% of them knew exactly what they would like to do and 9% did not. They were also asked if they had decided yet what they want to study. The results show that 84,72% of the students were clear about their career path and 12,40% have not decided yet. The rest with 2,87% prefer go working instead of studying. Compared to 2015 the number was 75,08% (Yes) and 24,92% (No) respectively (see Graphics 13 and 13). Graphic 13: Decision about future career path Graphic 14: Decision about future studies Page 17

Comparing the future career path of young Mexican pre-university students by gender, there is nearly no difference between female and male students (see Table 5).

18 Comparing the future career path of young Mexican pre-university students by gender, there is nearly no difference between female and male students (see Table 5). Gender Yes No Prefer Working Total Female 84,90% 12,29% 2,81% 100,00% Male 84,50% 12,55% 2,94% 100,00% Total 84,72% 12,40% 2,87% 100,00% Table 5: Decision about future studies by gender Considering Mexico by provinces we can observe that young people from Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz (91,81%), Hidalgo, México, Michoacan, Morelos (88,47%) and Baja California, B. C. Sur, Chihuahua (86,19%) have a clearer sight about their academic future. Compared to the young people from Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo (69,17%), Distrito Federal (73,55%) and Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit (74,51%) (see Graphic 15). Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz Hidalgo, México, Michoacan, Morelos Baja California, B. C. Sur, Chihuahua Guanajuato, Querétaro, San Luis de Potosí Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit Distrito Federal Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana 91,81% 88,47% 86,19% 83,21% 82,35% 74,51% 73,55% 69,17% 0,00% 20,00% 40,00% 60,00% 80,00% 100,00% Graphic 15: Decision about future studies by provinces Page 18

19 Discussion There are definitely clear differences between perceptions on professional careers for Spanish students compared to other countries. Still Mexican students are the keener to become entrepreneurs which clearly shows that the expectations of creating a firm having is a crucial issue for Mexican students. There are clear differences between Autonomous Communities and genders. This report intends to serve as a general view of perceptions among young students. However, deeper research is needed to analyze every dimension. Only descriptive data is shown without further statistical analysis which will be object of future studies. Questionnaire 1- Sabes qué actividad profesional quieres ejercer en el futuro? a) Sí b) No 2- Qué te gustaría hacer en el futuro? a) Trabajar para una empresa b) Ser Funcionario/empleado público c) Ser Emprendedor creando mi propia empresa 3- En qué empresa o institución te gustaría trabajar si te dieran a elegir? 4- Vivirías en otra provincia por el trabajo? a) Sí b) No 5- Si cambiaras de provincia elige la que preferirías para trabajar? 6- Cambiarías de país por el trabajo? Page 19

20 a) Sí b) No 7- Si cambiaras de país elige el que preferirías para trabajar? 8- Tienes decidida la titulación que vas a estudiar? a) Sí b) No 9- En qué universidad, centro de FP u otro te gustaría estudiar? Annex - Raw Data tables 1. Type of job Type of job Public employee Private employee Self-employed Total Baja California 7,41% 29,63% 62,96% 100,00% Campeche 0,00% 27,78% 72,22% 100,00% Chiapas 9,43% 35,85% 54,72% 100,00% Chihuahua 6,78% 26,49% 66,74% 100,00% Coahuila 0,00% 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Colima 5,26% 15,79% 78,95% 100,00% Distrito Federal 10,83% 25,83% 63,33% 100,00% Guanajuato 0,00% 20,00% 80,00% 100,00% Guerrero 7,41% 14,81% 77,78% 100,00% Hidalgo 3,62% 25,00% 71,38% 100,00% Jalisco 4,66% 22,28% 73,06% 100,00% México 4,49% 37,08% 58,43% 100,00% Michoacan 4,23% 35,21% 60,56% 100,00% Morelos 6,67% 6,67% 86,67% 100,00% Nayarit 0,00% 33,33% 66,67% 100,00% Nuevo Leon 2,35% 21,18% 76,47% 100,00% Oaxaca 0,00% 36,36% 63,64% 100,00% Puebla 0,91% 28,18% 70,91% 100,00% Querétaro 6,06% 27,27% 66,67% 100,00% Page 20

21 Quintana Roo 0,00% 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% San Luis Potosí 9,76% 21,95% 68,29% 100,00% Tamaulipas 0,00% 25,00% 75,00% 100,00% Tlaxcala 7,32% 34,15% 58,54% 100,00% Veracruz 4,21% 36,97% 58,81% 100,00% Bajío Occidente 11,11% 38,89% 50,00% 100,00% Total 5,25% 29,41% 65,34% 100,00% 2. Possibility to change the area in order to have professional improvement. Possibility to change the area No Yes Total Baja California 18,52% 81,48% 100,00% Campeche 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Chiapas 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Chihuahua 5,75% 94,25% 100,00% Coahuila 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Colima 2,63% 97,37% 100,00% Distrito Federal 11,67% 88,33% 100,00% Guanajuato 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Guerrero 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Hidalgo 1,81% 98,19% 100,00% Jalisco 7,77% 92,23% 100,00% México 2,25% 97,75% 100,00% Michoacan 1,41% 98,59% 100,00% Morelos 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Nayarit 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Nuevo Leon 10,59% 89,41% 100,00% Oaxaca 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Puebla 1,82% 98,18% 100,00% Querétaro 9,09% 90,91% 100,00% Quintana Roo 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% San Luis Potosí 7,32% 92,68% 100,00% Tamaulipas 8,33% 91,67% 100,00% Tlaxcala 2,44% 97,56% 100,00% Veracruz 2,65% 97,35% 100,00% Bajío Occidente 11,11% 88,89% 100,00% Total 4,29% 95,71% 100,00% 3. Possibility to go to foreign. Possibility to go to foreign No Yes Total Baja California 14,81% 85,19% 100,00% Campeche 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Chiapas 2,52% 97,48% 100,00% Chihuahua 5,54% 94,46% 100,00% Page 21

Coahuila 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Colima 5,26% 94,74% 100,00% Distrito Federal 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Guanajuato 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Guerrero 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Hidalgo 2,54% 97,46% 100,00% Jalisco

22 Coahuila 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Colima 5,26% 94,74% 100,00% Distrito Federal 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Guanajuato 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Guerrero 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Hidalgo 2,54% 97,46% 100,00% Jalisco 8,81% 91,19% 100,00% México 1,12% 98,88% 100,00% Michoacan 2,82% 97,18% 100,00% Morelos 13,33% 86,67% 100,00% Nayarit 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Nuevo Leon 3,53% 96,47% 100,00% Oaxaca 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Puebla 1,82% 98,18% 100,00% Querétaro 6,06% 93,94% 100,00% Quintana Roo 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% San Luis Potosí 4,88% 95,12% 100,00% Tamaulipas 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Tlaxcala 0,00% 100,00% 100,00% Veracruz 3,59% 96,41% 100,00% Bajío Occidente 11,11% 88,89% 100,00% Total 3,91% 96,09% 100,00% 4. Country s preferences to work Page 22

Report YBT Greece Report about Attitudes of pre-university students GREECE January 2017

Report YBT Greece Report about Attitudes of pre-university students GREECE January 2017 Report about Attitudes of pre-university students GREECE January 2017 Page 1 Summary 1. Introduction... 4 2. Objectives... 4 3. Data Sheet... 5 4. Relevant Conclusions... 5 5. The different type of future