Performance of Wind Farms in Thailand

Transcription

1 Performance of Wind Farms in Thailand Based on Mott MacDonald s in country experience Sasaraj Laoharatchapruek Bangkok, 06 June 2018

2 Sasaraj Laoharatchapruek Renewable Energy Consultant Bangkok Based Experience in over 8GW of wind and solar PV projects in SEA and globally, from development stage through operation ext

3 Agenda Mott MacDonald overview 04 Small and Very Small Power Producer (SPP and VSPP) wind projects in Thailand 09 Performance of operating wind farms in Thailand 12 Issues and experience 16 Conclusion 24 3

4 Mott MacDonald overview 20k staff We work in 140 countries 1.5bn turnover Employee owned 4

5 Mott MacDonald services 5

6 Renewables business offices Brighton New York Tokyo Taipei Bangkok Cape Town Abu Dhabi New Delhi Melbourne 6

7 Mott MacDonald s global energy experience IE IE OE OE 29,000MW 7

8 Mott MacDonald s wind experience in Asia Wind Asia > 10,000 MW Wind Thailand > 1,100 MW Lender s Technical Advisor Owner s Engineer > 90% of wind farm capacity under operation > 60% of wind farm capacity under development and construction 8

9 Wind projects in Thailand SPP (>10-90 MW) and VSPP ( 10 MW) 1 North group Petchabun 3002 MW Alternative Energy Development Plan target 2 Northeast group Chaiyaphum, Nakhon Ratchasima and Mukdahan 680 MW 900MW In operation Under development / construction 3 South group Nakhon Si Thammarat and Songkhla Source: ERC 9

10 Wind projects in Thailand Northeast group Nakhon Ratchasima province Chaiyaphum province Wind project PPA capacity (MW) Wind project PPA capacity (MW) First Korat Wind (FKW) 90 K.R. Two (KR2) 90 WED Wayu + SubPlu Greenovation Power (GNP) 60 Theparak Wind (T1)* 90 Tropical Wind (T2)* 90 K.R.S. Three (T3)* 90 K.R. One (T4)* 90 Krissana (NKS)* 90 Chaiyaphum Subyai 80 Watabak 60 Theppana 9.6 Hanuman* 260 Mukdahan province Wind project PPA capacity (MW) Winchai* 45 Korat Wind Energy (KWE)* 50 PPA Power Purchase Agreement *Project is under development / construction Source: ERC 10

11 Wind projects in Thailand North group South group Petchabun province Nakhon Si Thammarat and Songkhla provinces Wind project PPA capacity (MW) Wind project PPA capacity (MW) Khao Khor Wind Power 60 Inter Far East Energy Corporation (IFEC) 10 Had Kanghan (HKH) 126 PPA Power Purchase Agreement Source: ERC 11

12 Our database Operating wind farms in Thailand Parameter Number of wind projects Database 5 (9 PPAs) Total plant years 13 Min max years per plant Min max installed plant capacity Total installed plant capacity MW 453 MW (67% of total installed capacity under operation) 12

13 Wind farm configuration and O&M scope SPP wind projects in Thailand 1 WTG O&M contractor 2 BOP O&M contractor 3 Grid offtaker MV collection system On-site MV/HV substation HV transmission line EGAT HV substation WTG wind turbine generator, BOP balance of plant, MV medium voltage, HV high voltage 13

14 Annual availability (%) Availability Actual time-based availability level of the operating wind farms in Thailand Typical WTG availability warranty of Time-based Energy-based 97% Defects from construction and poor O&M on BOP could have a major impact on availability ` Grid availability can go lower for VSPP wind projects connecting to the PEA grid system Excluding exceptional events, average wind farm technical availability was 97.2% 30 Wind Overall farm WTG BOP Wind farm contractual Breakdown Grid (EGAT) 14

15 Capacity factor (%) Capacity factor Operating wind farms in Thailand Key factors affecting plant operation Curtailment / shutdown Retrofit / maintenance Performance upgrade Other factors Wind resource De-rated WTGs ` CF average CF, excluding exceptional events Monthly CF Monthly Monthly CF, CF, excluding excluding exceptional events 15

16 What are the main factors impacting performance of the wind farms in Thailand? 16

17 Factors impacting wind farm performance Wind resource WTG / BOP / grid issues Retrofit Curtailment Performance upgrade 17

18 Wind resource Interannual variability and monthly distribution in Nakhon Ratchasima province Interannual variability Average long term Monthly distribution Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average long term Wind resource can be very varied by its nature! 18

19 WTG issues Pitch control system Yaw control system Gearbox Main bearing Pitch control errors, low hydraulic oil pressure, overheating Yaw motor overheating, yaw gear failure, yaw converter error Repetitive damage leading to replacement Scratch marks and damage 19

20 BOP and grid issues Overhead Underground MV collection system MV / HV on-site substation HV transmission line Pole tilt and collapse, faults Animals entering Pole tilt and collapse, line faults WTG foundation Defects 20

21 Retrofit Quality issues from construction phase Cracks in WTG foundation Example of WTG foundation retrofit design 21

22 Power Curtailment WTG power curve Normal WTGs Curtailed WTGs WTG foundation defects Requires reduced loading Noise emission Unexpected noise complaints Wish to be a good neighbour Wind speed 22

23 Performance upgrade DinoTail placement on blade trailing edge DinoTail component Installed DinoTail on WTG blade 23

24 Conclusion Capacity factor Choosing the right WTG for the site Proactive scheduled maintenance plan Availability Design and construction quality control Close monitoring to anticipate unscheduled maintenance Asset monitoring with KPI reporting Robust contractual terms and contract management 24

25 Thank you 25