From the Desert to the Fjords of Chile

Transcription

1 From the Desert to the Fjords of Chile Plus optional extensions in Santiago & Easter Island, Chile and Buenos Aires & Iguassu Falls 2016

2 Overseas Adventure Travel The Wilderness Beyond: Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego & the Chilean Fjords Handbook Table of Contents 1. TRAVEL DOCUMENTS & ENTRY REQUIREMENTS... 2 YOUR PASSPORT... 2 VISAS REQUIRED... 3 OVERSEAS TAXES AND FEES... 4 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS PROHIBITED... 4 EMERGENCY PHOTOCOPIES... 4 AIRPORT TRANSFERS HEALTH... 5 IS THIS ADVENTURE RIGHT FOR YOU?... 5 STEPS TO TAKE BEFORE YOUR TRIP... 6 Yellow Fever Vaccination Recommended for Iguassu Extension... 6 Anti-malarial Medicine Recommended for Argentina... 6 Medical Checkup... 7 Medications... 8 STAYING HEALTHY ON YOUR TRIP MONEY MATTERS... 9 HOW TO CARRY YOUR MONEY... 9 CURRENCY TIPPING SUGGESTIONS SHOPPING U.S. Customs Regulations and Shipping Charges CLIMATE: A WORD ABOUT THE WEATHER PACKING JUST WHAT YOU NEED YOUR LUGGAGE & LOCKS CLOTHING SUGGESTIONS TRAVELER S CHECKLISTS A WORD ABOUT ELECTRICITY LEARN ABOUT YOUR DESTINATIONS CHILE AT A GLANCE ARGENTINA AT A GLANCE OPTIONAL EXTENSION BRAZIL AT A GLANCE OPTIONAL EXTENSION EASTER ISLAND AT A GLANCE OPTIONAL EXTENSION CULTURE & POINTS TO KNOW Cuisine Language Barrier SAFETY & SECURITY COMMUNICATIONS ADDITIONAL RESOURCES SUGGESTED READINGS SUGGESTED MOVIES USEFUL WEBSITES SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 1

3 Travel Documents 1. Travel Documents & Entry Requirements Your Passport Please take a moment to confirm that your passport meets all of these requirements: It should be valid for at least 6 months after your scheduled return to the U.S. It should have the recommended number of blank pages (see below for details). The blank pages must be labeled Visas at the top. Pages labeled Amendments and Endorsements are not acceptable. Recommended number of blank pages Know that this recommendation is based on a worst case scenario. When you are on this adventure, you might use fewer pages, depending on the whims of the Immigration official on duty that day. Since the consequence of having too few pages can be severe you could be denied entry into a country we at OAT feel that in this case, safe is better than sorry, and we strongly recommend that you follow these guidelines. Main trip only: If you are taking only the main trip, you will require 2 blank passport pages. Pre-trip extension to Santiago & Easter Island, Chile: This extension does not require any additional pages. Post-trip to Buenos Aires & Iguassu Falls: You will need 3 more pages, for a total of 5. Both the pre and post-trip extensions: You will need a total of 5 blank passport pages. If you need to renew your passport: Contact the National Passport Information Center (NPIC) at , or visit their website at for information on obtaining a new passport or renewing your existing passport. You may also contact our recommended visa service company, PVS International, at for help with your passport. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 2

4 Travel Documents Visas Required We ll be sending you a detailed Visa Packet with instructions, application forms, and fees about 100 days prior to your departure. In the meantime, we re providing the information below as a guideline on what to expect. This info is for U.S. citizens only. All visas and fees are subject to change. Chile (main trip and optional Easter Island extension) visa not required: For a U.S. citizen, a visa is not required for entry into Chile for a stay of up to 90 days. Argentina (optional extension) visa not required: For a U.S. citizen, a visa is not required for entry into Argentina. Brazil (optional extension) visa required. Can only be obtained in advance: If you are taking the optional extension to Iguassu Falls, you will need a visa. You must obtain your visa for Brazil before you leave home. At the time of writing, the Brazilian government was charging approximately $200 per person for a visa good for up to 10 years. Embassy contact information If you are staying longer in any of these countries, you should check with their embassy or consulate for the applicable regulations: Embassy of Argentina: (202) Embassy of Chile: (202) The Brazilian consulates can be reached at: Atlanta (404) , Boston (617) , Chicago (312) , Hartford (860) , Houston (713) / / , L.A. (323) , Miami (305) , New York (917) , San Francisco (415) and Washington DC (202) Traveling without a U.S. passport? If you are not a U.S. citizen, or if your passport is from any country other than the U.S., it is your responsibility to check with your local consulate, embassy, or a visa services company about possible visa requirements. For your convenience, we recommend the services of PVS International, a national visa service located in Washington D.C.; they can be reached at or SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 3

5 Travel Documents Overseas Taxes and Fees This tour may have taxes and fees that cannot be included in your airline ticket price because you are required to pay them in person onsite. All taxes are subject to change without notice and can be paid in cash (either U.S. or local currency). If applicable, you will receive a list of these fees with your Final Documents. Agricultural Products Prohibited Like some parts of the U.S. such as California and Hawaii, Chile severely restricts the entry of agricultural products to protect against the accidental transport of pests. Chile's requirements are very strictly enforced and incur large fines for violation. If you are arriving in Chile by air, we advise you to discard any fruit, nuts, vegetables, seeds, dairy products including cheese, flowers (including dried flowers), or unprocessed meats before landing. The flight attendants will distribute an Agricultural Products form that you must complete. On this form, you ll be asked to declare whether or not you are bringing any fruits, nuts, or other organic products into Chile. If you are carrying any items of this nature, you must declare them on this form. Fines of up to $200 could result if customs officers find even a simple pack of peanuts or an apple. Emergency Photocopies The smartest and easiest security precaution you can take is to carry photocopies of key documents: the photo page of your passport plus any applicable visas, your air itinerary, and credit card numbers. Add emergency phone numbers like your credit card company and the number for your travel protection plan. Store copies separate from the originals. This can save you time, money, and bother if your documents are lost during your trip. If you don t feel like taking paper copies, consider going digital. Scan everything and it to yourself. That way as long as you have access to , you can access the info you need. Another option is to give copies to a trusted friend or relative at home as a backup that they can or fax to you if you need it. Airport Transfers Please note: If you plan on booking your own international flights or arranging with our air department to arrive/depart on an earlier/later date than standard for your program, airport transfers will NOT be included in your program price. Transfers must be purchased separately, as an optional add-on, and are subject to availability. To learn more, or purchase airport transfers, please call our Traveler Support team at SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 4

6 Health 2. Health Is This Adventure Right For You? We ve worked closely with our local Trip Leaders and regional associates to identify the aspects of this adventure that you should be aware of, from physical requirements to cultural factors. Please carefully review the information below prior to departing on this adventure. We reserve the right for our Trip Leaders to modify participation, or in some circumstances send travelers home, if their condition would adversely affect the health, safety, or enjoyment of themselves or of other travelers. Pacing 7 locations and 3 nights onboard a ship in 15 days Three 1-night stays; 4 internal flights Physical requirements Not appropriate for travelers using wheelchairs, walkers, or other mobility aids You must be able to walk 3 miles unassisted and participate in 6-8 hours of physical activities each day, which may be more difficult in the high elevation of the Atacama Desert (8,000-13,000 ft.) This trip takes you to remote places with no medical facilities nearby Climate Daytime temperatures average F in the Atacama Desert and F in the Andes and Patagonia Rain or high winds are possible at any time in the Andes and Patagonia Terrain Travel over city streets, rugged paths, hard sand, icy surfaces, and bumpy and icy roads Walk and hike through uneven terrain and high winds on 3 treks of about 2 hours each Agility and balance are required for embarking small motor boats Transportation Travel by minibus Cruise aboard a 90-passenger small ship shared with other travelers We ll also board small motor boats for excursions during our cruise Four 3-hour overland drives and 4 internal flights of hours each Accommodations & Facilities Hotel rooms are smaller than those in the U.S. and offer basic amenities 3 nights aboard a small ship with full hotel amenities All accommodations feature private baths with showers SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 5

7 Health Steps to Take Before Your Trip Before you leave on your adventure, there are at least four health-related things you should do. Step 1: Check with the CDC for their recommendations for the countries you ll be visiting. You can contact them online at wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel or by phone at Step 2: Have a medical checkup with your doctor. Step 3: Pick up any necessary medications, both prescription and over-the-counter. Step 4: Have a dental and/or eye checkup. (Recommended, but less important than steps 1-3.) Yellow Fever Vaccination Recommended for Iguassu Extension While the CDC offers a wide range of vaccination and medication suggestions, there is one in particular that we d like to draw your attention to the yellow fever vaccine. The CDC does not recommend the yellow fever vaccination for any the areas we travel to on the main trip. However, travelers on the post-trip extension to Iguassu Falls should note that the CDC does recommend the yellow fever vaccination for this region, if your health allows. This is not a legal requirement, but a health recommendation that you should discuss with your doctor. (He or she can offer a suggestion tailored to your personal medical history.) TIP for travelers on the Iguassu extension: We recommend that if you have received the vaccination, you have your Yellow Fever Card with you when traveling. If you cannot receive the vaccination for medical reasons, we suggest you bring with you a letter from your medical provider stating so. If Argentina or Brazil (the countries we visit at the falls) makes a last-minute change to its entry policy before you leave, having one of these documents with you could make all the difference. Anti-malarial Medicine Recommended for Argentina At the time of writing, the CDC did recommend discussing anti-malaria medication with your doctor for Argentina (for those taking the post-trip extension.) If you don t take medicine, it is suggested that you take other precautions to avoid mosquito bites, such as wearing long sleeves and using insect repellant. TIP: Anti-malarial medication can have strong side effects, and regimens vary. Your doctor may advise you to take prescription anti-malarial medicines before, during, and/or after your trip. Please consult your doctor to find out what anti-malarial regimen (if any) is right for you. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 6

8 Health Medical Checkup After checking the CDC s recommendations, we strongly recommend that you have a medical checkup with your doctor at least six weeks before your trip. (We suggest you check with the CDC first so that you can have an informed conversation with your doctor about vaccines and such.) Topics to discuss during your checkup are: The CDC recommendations. The CDC makes suggestions based on the destination, but that doesn t mean the suggestions are right for you. Your doctor will be able to advise you on what is best considering your unique medical history. Advice on what medicines (if any) to bring. For our suggestions of what types of medications to ask your doctor about, see the section titled Medications that follows. Remember to get a copy of any prescriptions written as a generic drug name so you can replace your medications if they are lost during the trip. Your fitness for this adventure. This is a must if you have any medical conditions or physical limitations. Use the Is This Adventure Right For You? section on previous pages as a guideline. Make certain to review any medical condition you have, particularly cardiac or respiratory disease or diabetes, and discuss the details of the trip itinerary as it pertains to your health. Remember, your trip may take you into remote areas with no nearby medical facilities. Please notify us in writing about any medical condition that may require special attention. If your report is normal, you don t need to send it to us. If you send us a medical report, we don t use it to determine if you should take this trip, or if you are likely to enjoy it. Those decisions are up to you and your doctor. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 7

9 Health Medications Prescription medication suggestions Of course, you ll need to bring an ample supply of any prescription medications you happen to be taking. You ll also want to talk to your doctor about any medications suggested by the CDC. In addition, we suggest you ask about prescriptions for: An antibiotic medication for gastrointestinal illness A pain medication. You might need this in the unlikely event of an injury in a location where medical attention would be delayed. Motion sickness medication, if you are prone to motion sickness or seasickness Over-the-counter medication suggestions When traveling, keep in mind that not every country has approved every medication. Most major brands are OK, but some medications we take for granted are not allowed in other countries. Fortunately, the U.S. State Department offers advice on restricted medications online at (Look under the Criminal Penalties and Special Circumstances sections of each country you ll be visiting. If you don t see anything mentioned, then major U.S. brands should be fine.) TIP: At time of writing, the State Department did not have any special warnings about American overthe-counter medications for Argentina, Brazil, or Chile. Traveling with medications To avoid loss and to have them handy, pack medications in your carry-on bag. For quicker security screening at the airport and a better experience if you get stopped by customs while overseas keep medicines in their original, labeled containers. To be prepared for any unforeseen loss of your medications, you should also bring copies of the prescriptions, written using the generic drug name rather than a brand name. Staying Healthy on Your Trip Safe Water Tap water is generally safe to drink in Argentina and Chile, but it is processed differently than in the U.S., so it may feel heavy and could upset your system. Fortunately, if you prefer bottled water, it is readily available for you to buy and is inexpensive compared to the U.S. On the cruise ship, bottled water is provided free of charge. When buying bottled water, inspect each bottle before you buy it to make sure the cap is sealed properly. To fight dehydration, carry a bottle in your daypack at all times. Safe Food We ve carefully chosen the restaurants for your group meals. Fruits and vegetables are safe to eat in Argentina and Chile. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 8

10 Money Matters 3. Money Matters How to Carry Your Money Generally speaking, you ll want to bring a mixture of different payment methods some cash to exchange and a couple of cards so that you ll be prepared for any situation. In this chapter, we offer some tips on each type of payment method. One note: Traveler s checks are not recommended. They can be difficult to exchange and are rarely accepted in shops and restaurants. Cash We recommend that you bring some cash with you on this adventure. Cash has a few advantages over other forms of payment. It is more widely accepted than any other form of payment, and sometimes commands a better exchange rate. Cash is also a better choice for rural or undeveloped areas where ATMs and credit card machines are scarce. So we know that bringing cash is a good idea does that mean U.S. dollars or local currency? There is no need to obtain local currency before your trip. You can change money when you arrive at the airport, or at banks, most hotels, and money exchange offices. In Argentina, U.S. dollars are usually preferred over local currency, so exchanging money may not be a huge concern. For more information on what type of currency can be used on this trip, see the Currency section. Torn, dirty, or taped U.S. bills may not be accepted for exchange or payment. ATMs On this adventure, PLUS, Cirrus, and other international ATM networks are available in the larger cities, like Santiago. However, ATMs are not always readily available in remote locations, like Torres del Paine, or onboard the ship. It might be a good idea to obtain a store of cash in Santiago to prepare for your travel into more remote areas. Your Trip Leader will advise you on ATM availability and locations during the trip. At time of writing, there are only two banks on Easter Island with ATMs. Therefore, if you are taking the extension to Easter Island, we suggest that you bring enough cash to cover your expenses during the extension or make a withdrawal in Santiago before your flight to the island. Using a local ATM on an international network will allow you to withdraw money from your U.S. account in local currency; your bank at home will calculate the conversion rate and charge you in U.S. dollars. However, many banks charge a fee ranging from $1 to $5 for every time you use a foreign ATM. Others will charge you a percentage of what you withdraw. We recommend that you check with your bank before you depart. You ll also want to notify your bank that you ll be out of the country that way when they see foreign ATM withdrawals, they won t put a fraud alert on your account. Lastly, don t forget to memorize the actual digits of your card s PIN number (many keypads at foreign ATMs do not include letters on their keys they only display numbers.) SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 9

11 Money Matters Credit Cards Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in Santiago for major purchases and in shops associated with the tourist trade (souvenirs, museum gift shops, etc.), but may not be accepted by smaller shops or restaurants in Patagonia. In remote locations, credit/debit cards are usually not accepted; cash is the preferred form of payment. If you are taking the optional extension to Easter Island, do not plan on being able to use your credit card on the island. We strongly recommend that you bring enough cash to cover your expenses during the extension. Even if you do not plan on using them, we suggest you bring one or two credit or debit cards as a backup or for optional tours. We also suggest that you bring more than one brand of card (Visa, MasterCard, American Express) if possible, because not every shop will take every card. For example, although the Discover card is now accepted in some countries outside the U.S., it is not widely adopted, so other brands will work at a much larger range of stores, restaurants, etc. TIP: Many credit card companies have fraud alert departments that will freeze your card if they see suspicious charges such as charges from another country. To avoid an accidental security block, it is a good idea to notify your credit card company you will be using your cards abroad. You can do this by calling their customer service number a week or two before your departure. You should also double-check what phone number you could call if you have a problem with a card while you are abroad. Don t assume you can use the number printed on the back of your card most numbers don t work outside of the U.S.! And speaking of credit cards, please keep in mind that optional tours with OAT can only be purchased with a credit or debit card (if it has a credit card logo and allows you to sign for purchases). Because our headquarters are in Boston, charges may appear to be from Boston or might be labeled as "OPT Boston" (depending on your credit card company). SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 10

12 Money Matters Currency For current exchange rates, please refer to our website your bank, or the financial section of your newspaper. In Chile The basic unit of currency in Chile is the peso. Banknote and coin denominations are as follows: Banknotes: 1000, 2000, 5000, 10,000, and 20,000 pesos Coins: 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 500 pesos In Chile, U.S. dollars are sometimes accepted at tourist-related businesses or for large-ticket purchases, but generally local currency is preferred. For our OAT staff in Chile, you may tip in local currency or in U.S. dollars. U.S. dollars are sometimes accepted at tourist-related businesses or for large-ticket. In Argentina The official Argentinean currency is the peso. Banknote and coin denominations are as follows: Banknotes come in denominations of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 pesos Coins come in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 cents; and 1 peso In Argentina, U.S. dollars can be accepted for payment at tourist-related businesses or in a large city. At the time of writing, tips to our OAT staff in U.S. dollars are generally more appreciated than tips in pesos because of the strong exchange rate. Previous travelers have suggested bringing a mix of different denomination U.S. bills some small ones for tipping, and some larger ones for exchanging. In Brazil The monetary unit of Brazil is the Real (R$). The R$ is divided into 100 centavos. Banknote and coin denominations are as follows: Banknotes: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 Coins: 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 centavos; 1 Real It is unlikely that you will need Brazilian reals for this adventure; at Iguassu Falls, you will find that shops are willing to take Argentine pesos or U.S. dollars. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 11

13 Money Matters Tipping Suggestions Of course, whether you tip, and how much, is always at your own discretion. For those of you who have asked for tipping suggestions, we offer these guidelines. Listed below are our recommendations for the tips that are not included in your tour price. All tips are quoted in U.S. dollars; tips can be converted and paid in local currency or in U.S. dollars. Do not use personal or traveler's checks for tips. OAT Trip Leader: It is customary to express a personal "thank you" to your OAT Trip Leader at the end your trip, especially if he or she has provided you with individual assistance. As a guideline, many travelers give $7-$10 per person, per day. Housekeeping staff at hotels: $1-$2 per room, per night Waiters: Your Trip Leader will tip waiters for included meals. If you are dining on your own, 10-15% is customary, and tips are usually left in cash. Your tour price includes gratuities on the main trip and extensions for local guides, drivers, ship crew, and luggage porters that may assist you during the scheduled activities on your adventure. Shopping It is Overseas Adventure Travel's goal to identify and provide you with shopping opportunities that highlight unique, locally-produced products with good value from reliable vendors. For this reason there may be scheduled visits to local shops during your adventure. There is no requirement to make a purchase during these stops, and any purchase made is a direct transaction with the shop in question, subject to the vendor s terms of purchase. Overseas Adventure Travel cannot be responsible for purchases you make on your trip or for the shipment of your purchases. Crafts & Souvenirs Among Chilean goods, the excellent textiles are worth perusing. For "typical" items, colorful hand-woven ponchos are a good buy, as well as vicuna rugs, and although perhaps a little heavy for air travel there is excellent artisan copper work. Chilean stones have achieved much popularity abroad, and there are many "rock shops" in the city and suburbs selling quality work in lapis lazuli, Chilean jade, amethyst, agate, onyx, and others. Leather goods, including fashionable shoes and boots, are no longer cheap yet still are good buys compared to stateside prices. Argentina is world-famous for its leather goods and you ll find them readily available in Buenos Aires. Popular buys include belts, jackets, boots, shoes, skirts, pants, briefcases, and purses. These come in a rainbow of pastels and vivid colors, and a variety of textures from rough suede to soft leathers. Other items worth considering include wool sweaters, clothing made of the Argentine equivalent of cashmere, ponchos, wine, and antique silver gaucho accessories. Top-quality jewelry is also sold, with the best buys being items made with Inca Rose or rhodocrisite. Argentina is one of the few places in the world where this is found and it is used in everything from jewelry to carved figures. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 12

14 Money Matters U.S. Customs Regulations and Shipping Charges For all things related to U.S. Customs, the ultimate authority is the U.S. Bureau of Customs & Border Protection. Their website, has the answers to the most frequently asked questions. Or you can call them at The top three points to know are: At time of writing, your personal duty-free allowance is $800 for items brought with you. Items totaling more than $800 are subject to duty fees. Items shipped home are always subject to duty when received in the U.S. Even when the shop has offered to include shipping and duties in the price, this typically means shipping to the nearest customs facility and payment of the export duties not door-to-door shipping or payment of the import duties. All additional duties or shipping charges would be your responsibility. Unless an item is small enough to send by parcel service (like FedEx), chances are you will need to arrange shipping or pick-up once the item is in the U.S. and will need to pay customs duties. It is illegal to import products made from endangered animal species. U.S. Customs & Border Protection will seize these items, as well as most furs, coral, tortoise shell, reptile skins, feathers, plants, and items made from animal skins. If You Have a Problem with a Purchase The best way to address a problem with a purchase is to not have one in the first place! So don t forget to examine merchandise before paying for it, check contracts or agreements before signing, and review your receipt before leaving the shop. For major purchases, don t hesitate to ask in advance about the return policy local practice may vary from U.S. standards, so don t assume that you have a certain number of days after the purchase to speak up. But what if you do discover an issue with an item later on? In that case, your best recourse is to contact the vendor directly. For this reason we recommend that you keep a copy of all your receipts, invoices, or contracts, along with the shop s contact information. Expect that any resolution will take longer than it would in the U.S. due to delays in communication, the complexities of international shipping/customs duties, and even cultural differences in how business is conducted. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 13

15 Climate: A Word About the Weather 4. Climate: A Word About the Weather Climate by Location South of the equator, the seasons are the reverse of those in the northern hemisphere; the warmest months are between October and March, and the coldest are between April and September. However, because of the range of latitudes that South America covers, and because of the great variations in altitudes and climatic zones, there are several different types of weather within each country. Atacama Desert, Chile: The Atacama Desert is one of the driest places in the world, with less than 1 inch of rain a year. As a desert near the Andes Mountains, the Atacama s climate can experience temperatures from warm to cold. Most of the year, highs are in the 70 s, but in the winter low temperatures can drop to below zero. But no matter when you travel, the nighttime temperatures are always drastically different than the daytime highs expect a 30 to 40 degree difference. (So if the daytime is a comfortable 75 degrees, the nighttime low will be a cool degrees or even lower.) Patagonia, Chile: The weather in Patagonia is extremely unpredictable. Over the course of any given day, the weather can change several times. Temperatures tend to vary throughout Patagonia, regardless of the time of year. However, we can say that it is usually cool or cold and that the wind chill generally makes it feel even cooler. There is a constant wind in Patagonia. These winds can change from a gentle breeze to gusts of over 80 miles per hour in minutes. The average rainfall is 12 inches annually, most of it during the winter months. Waterproof clothing is essential, as it will likely rain during your visit. TIP: Forecasting throughout Patagonia tends to be difficult, so be prepared for anything; you might experience all four seasons in one day, or even in a few hours! Punta Arenas, Chile: Similar to the rest of the towns in this region, Punta Arenas has a cold steppe climate. The average summer temperatures are in the mid-50s and the average winter temperatures are in the mid-30s. The seasonal temperature in Punta Arenas is greatly moderated by its proximity to the ocean. This is not to say that it is known for stable constant temperatures, only small variability with season. Punta Arenas is also quite dry, with only 1.7 inches of rain in its wettest month of May. The city is also known for its strong winds, up to 80 mph. Winds tend to be strongest during the summer. Optional Extensions Easter Island, Chile: The cool Humboldt Current keeps this sub-tropical climate cooler than most of its kind. The annual average temperature is 70. February is hottest; July and August coolest, with winds adding a chill. Some amount of rain falls 140 days a year, though much of it falls at night. The heaviest months for rain are March-June. August-December are the driest months. Iguassu Falls, Argentina and Brazil: If you are taking the optional trip extension to Iguassu Falls, you travel to a part of Argentina that has a humid subtropical climate. Temperatures are hot year-round (and often feel hotter than they really are because of the humidity). Highs can be in the 80s or even 90s. Rainfall is distributed fairly evenly throughout the year. The average humidity most mornings is more than 90%, but the humidity is less in the afternoon. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 14

16 Climate: A Word About the Weather Climate Charts The following charts reflect the average climate as opposed to weather conditions. This means they serve only as general indicators of what can reasonably be expected. As your departure approaches you may wish to monitor current weather conditions online. Here is the official data from the weather observation stations closest to our destinations: Average Daily High/Low Temperatures ( F), Humidity, & Precipitation MONTH ATACAMA, Chile PUNTA ARENAS, Chile Temp. High-Low % Relative Humidity Monthly Rainfall Temp. High-Low % Relative Humidity Monthly Rainfall (inches) (avg)* (inches)* (am-pm) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC * Due to the extreme desert climate of the Atacama, humidity and rainfall are practically non-existent. The total yearly rainfall in the region is usually less than 1 inch. MONTH SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA, Chile BUENOS AIRES, Argentina (optional extension) Temp. High-Low % Relative Humidity Monthly Rainfall Temp. High-Low % Relative Humidity Monthly Rainfall (inches) (average) (inches) (am-pm) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 15

17 Climate: A Word About the Weather MONTH EASTER ISLAND, Chile (optional extension) % Relative Humidity (am-pm) Temp. High-Low Monthly Rainfall (inches) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC MONTH IGUASSU FALLS, Argentina/Brazil (optional extension) Temp. % Relative High/Low Humidity Monthly Rainfall (inches) (am-pm) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Online Forecast Monthly temperature averages for the countries you will be visiting, plus a current 10-day forecast, are available online through the My Account feature of our website SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 16

18 Packing Just What You Need 5. Packing Just What You Need Your Luggage & Locks Luggage Suggestions Checked luggage One duffle bag or suitcase. Due to space limitations on our motor coaches and on the ship, you are allowed one piece of checked luggage per person. Look for one with heavy nylon fabric, wrap-around handles, built-in wheels, and a heavy-duty lockable zipper. Please do not bring a rigid (plastic shell) suitcase. TIP: Consider bringing a second, empty, lockable bag folded into your main suitcase, with a luggage tag and small lock. Use this to carry souvenirs home. Also, when traveling with a companion we recommend cross-packing, i.e., pack 2 outfits of your clothing in your companion s luggage and vice-versa, in case one bag is delayed. Carry-on bag You are allowed one carry-on bag per person. We suggest a tote or small backpack that can be used as both a carry-on bag for your flight and to carry your daily necessities water bottle, camera, etc. during driving excursions and walking trips. Consider a backpack or waistpack that keeps both hands free and distributes the pack s weight onto your back or hips. Locks To reduce the risk of damage to your luggage, either do not lock your bags when checking in for flights that originate in the U.S. or use TSA-approved locks. (These are locks that TSA screeners can open and relock with a special tool, avoiding damage to your luggage or lock if a physical inspection is required. Look for the words TSA or TSA-approved on the lock s packaging.) Outside of the U.S., we strongly recommend that you lock your luggage as a preventative measure against theft. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 17

19 Packing Just What You Need LUGGAGE LIMITATIONS In addition to the international flights, you will also take domestic flights within the region on your main trip. The luggage limits on these flights might be less than the average allowance for international flights. This means that even if your international airline offers a larger weight limit, you will need to pack according to the lower restrictions, as indicated below. Main trip only Number of Pieces One checked bag and one carry-on per person Type of Luggage Duffle bag or softsided suitcase. Please do not bring a hardsided (clamshell) suitcase. Weight Restrictions Checked luggage: 50 lbs total Carry-on: 17 lbs total Special Size Restrictions? Standard airline size: checked luggage should not exceed 62 linear inches (length+ width + depth) and carry-on should not exceed 45 linear inches Pre- and post-trip extensions Same Same Same Same Remarks and Suggestions The Dirty Harry luggage rule: The limits in the chart above are based on the airlines published restrictions. The enforcement of luggage limits is a matter of airline corporate policy. It may not be consistent in all situations and may include random spot checks, especially for carry-on luggage. Airline penalties and fines, however, will probably be immediate when and if enforcement occurs. Before you choose to go above the airline s published restrictions, you should first ask: Do I feel lucky? (And if the answer is yes, then you should accept that you might be charged a fee by the airlines.) Luggage storage on extensions to Easter Island/Iguassu Falls: If you wish, you will be able to leave a bag with some clothes at the hotel in Santiago/Buenos Aires during your extension, to be picked up when you return. If you would like to take advantage of this left luggage service, please bring a second bag with a lock to hold the items you want the hotel to store. Remember, these limits can change. If the airline(s) notifies us of any changes, we will include an update in your Final Documents booklet. You should also confirm both luggage restrictions and luggage fees directly with your U.S./international airline a week or so before your departure. Doing so will keep you up-to-date on any last-minute changes, new security measures, or new fees. Most airlines are now charging fees for checked luggage, even on some international flights. These fees are not included in your trip price; they are payable directly to the airlines. For your convenience, we maintain a list of the toll-free numbers for the most common airlines on our website under the FAQ section. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 18

20 Packing Just What You Need Clothing Suggestions Functional Tips As you will experience a wide range of temperatures and weather conditions, our list suggests several layers of clothing. For the warmer climates you visit, most of your clothing can be made of cotton or cotton-synthetic blends. For the colder climes, consider long underwear made from water-wicking synthetics beneath outer layers of wool-synthetic blends and fleece, to stay dry and warm. If you like to hand-wash your clothes, look for fabrics that will dry out overnight. At the tip of South America: Outdoor clothes that you can wear in layers are recommended for cruising around the tip of the continent: turtlenecks, long-sleeve shirts, sweatshirts, sweaters, a warm jacket, silk long underwear, etc. You can add or remove layers according to weather shifts. Because mist and unpredictable rain occur year-round in the Patagonia region, we strongly suggest you bring a sturdy waterproof shell or jacket (this will also keep you comfortable on windy days), waterproof pants, waterproof shoes, and a rain hat. Warm clothing: We suggest a warm sweater, a windproof jacket, gloves, and a hat for your time in Patagonia. These mountainous areas are cool year-round, and it has been known to snow at the higher elevations even in summer. Walking shoes: You ll be on your feet and walking a lot, so choose your footwear carefully. You can find especially supportive shoes designed for walking. Sneakers are fine for some parts of the trip, but for the hikes and rural areas our Trip Leaders suggest something even sturdier and waterproof, like lightweight hiking boots or trekking shoes. Travelers on the Iguassu extension may want to bring a pair of light shoes or sports sandals for visiting the falls. Trekking poles: Many past travelers have recommended bringing a folding walking stick for hiking, sometimes called a trekking pole. These are sold in most camping stores. An alternative is a folding ski pole. Rain gear/waterproof gear: You ll want good, light rain gear all year round. Weather in Patagonia is very unpredictable, so you ll want rain gear you are comfortable in, and dry footwear, such as light hiking boots with a built-in Gore-Tex liner. Don t forget your waterproof gear protective suits or parkas will not be provided. Style Hints Dress for the cruise is informal, casual, and for adventure. On board the ship it is very warm. Remember to bring both thick and light clothing, and appropriate footwear. Men do not need jackets and ties; women do not require fancy dresses or high-heeled shoes. A small selection of your favorite everyday outfits is fine for all activities, including dinners. For motor coach tours and transfers, you ll want to wear loosefitting clothes that are comfortable to sit in for extended periods of time. Remember to include appropriate attire for any sports and relaxation activities in which you plan to participate: swimming, fitness walking, jogging, etc. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 19

21 Packing Just What You Need Traveler s Checklists Did you know that the top two comments travelers have about packing are I wish I had brought less and I wish I had thought to double-check the weather? In an effort to help you bring less, we offer these lists, which have been compiled from suggestions by Trip Leaders and former travelers. The lists are only jumping-off points they offer recommendations based on experience, but not requirements. You might also want to refer to the climate charts in this handbook or online weather forecasts before you pack. And finally, remember the Golden Rule of Packing Light whatever you think you need at first take half the clothes and twice the money. Recommended Clothing Shirts: A mix of short and long-sleeved shirts in a breathable fabric, like cotton or cotton-blend. Polo shirts are more versatile than T-shirts. Sleeveless shirts are socially acceptable, but might not be as useful as you think; the weather in Argentina and Chile is often cooler than Americans expect. Check the climate charts in the Climate chapter for more details. Travelers to Iguassu Falls will want shirts that are comfortable for humid weather. Trousers and/or jeans: Comfortable and loose fitting is best. We strongly suggest that one pair be waterproof (protective pants are not provided). Avoid tight-fitting jeans for comfort and ease of movement. Walking shorts: cut long for modesty. Shorts may be more useful for travelers on the Iguassu Falls extension. Sun protection: Sunglasses and/or wide-brim sun hat or visor for sun protection. Good for the whole trip. Raingear: A light rain jacket, parka, or windbreaker with hood. Warm clothing: A warm sweater, a windproof jacket, gloves, and a hat are recommended for your time in Patagonia, not matter what season. A polartec fleece jacket is a good choice, especially for March-October departures. Underwear: Long underwear is a good choice for March-October departures because it adds warmth without bulk, and doesn t take up much room in your suitcase. Socks a couple pairs, should be medium to heavy weight for hiking. Footwear: Shoes should be comfortable walking or running shoes with arch support; hard-bottom shoes with soles that offer good traction are preferred. Sneakers are fine for some parts of the trip, but for the hikes and rural areas our Trip Leaders suggest something even sturdier and waterproof, like lightweight hiking boots or trekking shoes. Travelers on the Iguassu extension may want to bring a pair of light shoes or sports sandals for visiting the falls. Optional: swimsuit, in case one of the hotels has a pool. There may also be a chance for some swimming during the optional extensions to Easter Island and Iguassu Falls, depending on the weather. March-October departures: The seasons are reversed south of the equator. (Our spring and summer is their fall and winter.) In some places on the itinerary, the nighttime low dips into the 30s, so winter gear like a sweater, warm coat, hat, gloves, scarf, etc. are highly recommended. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 20

22 Packing Just What You Need Other Essential Items Personal care items: toothbrush, toothpaste, floss, hairbrush or comb, shaving items, deodorant, etc. Our hotels/ship will provide the basics like soap and shampoo, but if you are sensitive to fragrances or new products, you may wish to bring your preferred brands. Most hotels do not provide a washcloth, so you may wish to pack one. Spare eyeglasses/contact lens Sunglasses, 100% UV block Sunscreen, SPF 45 or stronger Moisturizer and sun-blocking chapstick Cold-water hand-wash laundry soap such as Woolite and plastic hang-up clothespins Packets of pocket-size tissues Moist towelettes (not individual packets) and/or anti-bacterial "water-free" hand cleanser Insect repellent with DEET at 30-35% strength; especially useful for the optional extensions Light folding umbrella Electrical transformer & plug adapters: see "A Word About Electricity" for details Camera gear with extra batteries or battery charger Medicines Your own prescription medicines Travel first aid kit: Band-Aids, headache and pain relief, laxatives and anti-diarrhea tablets, something for upset stomach. Maybe a cold remedy, moleskin foot pads, antibiotic cream, or allergy medication. An antibiotic medication for gastrointestinal illness Optional: Motion sickness medication, if you are prone to motion sickness or seasickness Optional: A strong prescription pain medication for rare emergency purposes SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 21

23 Packing Just What You Need Optional Gear (These are items that other travelers have suggested might be useful not requirements. The extra spaces at the end are for you to add whatever you don t want to forget.) Travel alarm or travel watch with alarm Lightweight binoculars (essential for wildlife) Collapsible ski pole or folding walking staff. Sold in most camping stores. Hanging toiletry bag with hook to hang on doorknob, and pockets to organize items Basic sewing kit Hair dryer. Bring this only if you feel you need one 100% of the time. One will be available at most hotels during this trip. Reading materials Travel journal/note pad and pens Handkerchief or bandana Home address book Flashlight and extra batteries/bulb Photos or post cards from home, small gift for Home-Hosted visit Phrase book Pocket-size calculator for exchange rates Personal repair kit: short piece of duct tape, safety pins, small pliers, etc. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 22

24 Packing Just What You Need A Word About Electricity When traveling overseas, there are a few differences to keep in mind about electricity. First, the voltage is usually different. Second, the plugs might not be the same shape. Lastly, the availability of power can vary. Voltage Electricity in Chile, Argentina, and Brazil is 220 volts. In the U.S. it is 110 volts. Most of the things a traveler will want to plug in battery chargers, MP3 players, tablets or computers can run off both 110 and 220. But you should check the item or the owner s guide first to confirm this before you plug it in. If you have something that needs 110 volts like a shaver or a hairdryer you can bring a transformer to change the current. (But transformers tend to burn out, so it might be better to leave whatever it is at home.) Plugs The shape of plugs will vary from country to country, and sometimes even within a country depending on when that building was built. Different plug shapes are named by letters of the alphabet Type A, Type B, and so on. Standard U.S. plugs are Type A and Type B. Here is the list of plugs for the countries on this trip: Chile: C and L Argentina: I To plug something from the U.S. into a C or I socket you ll need an adapter that fits between the plug and the socket. Because there are multiple plug types in this region, it may be easier to purchase an all-in-one, universal adapter/converter combo. Versatile and lightweight, these can usually be found at your local electronics goods or hardware stores. Sometimes you can buy them at large retailers too, like Target or Walmart. If you forget to bring an adapter, you might also find them for sale at the airport when you arrive at your destination. Availability Barring the occasional and unpredictable power outage, electricity is as readily available on this adventure as it is in the U.S. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 23

25 Learn About Your Destinations 6. Learn About Your Destinations Before your trip, we encourage you to learn about the regions of the world you will soon be exploring. The ancient and contemporary cultures of these areas are rich and complex. Even a small amount of background reading can help you make sense of the kaleidoscope of facts and impressions that will come your way. Having some knowledge in advance can complement and enrich what you can learn from your resident Trip Leader. Chile at a Glance Facts & Figures Area: 291,933 square miles Capital: Santiago Languages: Spanish is the official language; Mapudungun is also spoken. Ethnicity: White and white-amerindian 88.9%, Mapuche 9.1%, Aymara 0.7%, other indigenous groups (including Aymara & Rapanui) 1.3% Location: Chile is bordered by the Pacific Ocean, Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru. Geography: One third of Chile is covered by the Andes. Five distinct geographical regions make up the country: the Northern Desert, the Central Valley, the Lake District, Patagonia in the south, and remote Easter Island 2,400 miles offshore in the Pacific. Population: 17,363,894 (2014 estimate) Religions: Roman Catholic 66.7%, Evangelical 16.4%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, other 3.4%, none 11.5%, unspecified 1% Time Zone: From roughly mid-september to mid-april, though it can vary year to year, Chile is on Chile Summer Time (CLST), two hours ahead of U.S. Eastern Standard Time (EST). When it is 6am in Washington D.C., it is 8am in Santiago. The rest of the year, Chile is on Chile Standard Time (CLT), 1 hour ahead of EST, and the exact same time as Eastern Daylight Time (EDT). When it is 6am in Washington D.C., it is 6am in Santiago. Chile s seasons are opposite to those in the U.S., so just was we are starting daylight saving time, Chile is finishing it. Historical Overview Evidence shows that Native Americans moved into Chile s fertile valleys between the Andes and the Pacific 10,000 years ago. The Incas briefly settled in the north, but found the desert climate too harsh. Ferdinand Magellan arrived on southern Chilean shores in 1520 by way of the strait that was later named for him. In 1535, Spanish conquistadores moved in from Peru in search of gold, led by Diego de Almagro. But hundreds of thousands of indigenous people kept them at bay. Just five years later, with support of more Spanish troops, the conquest of Chile began. Francisco Pizarro s lieutenant, Pedro de Valdivia, made his capital at Santiago and claimed the region under the Viceroyalty of Peru. Conquest continued in fits and starts. For more than 100 years, native Mapuche people from the central valleys resisted the colonial front coming from the north, successfully pushing the Spanish border back several times. With the Mapuche to the south, the Andes to the east, the desert to the north, and the Pacific to the west, the Spanish colony became an isolated frontier, self-sustaining and homogenized. Soon, the Mapuche were not their only concern; the Dutch and English moved in from the ocean, including Sir Francis Drake, who raided Valparaiso in But the invaders were up against the most militarized Spanish colony on the new continent. SCC.SEI /06/16 Page 24