Heart of India. Bhutan: The Hidden Kingdom or. The South of India: Kerala & Cochin or. Kathmandu, Nepal. Plus optional extensions in

Transcription

1 Heart of India Plus optional extensions in Bhutan: The Hidden Kingdom or The South of India: Kerala & Cochin or Kathmandu, Nepal 2016

2 Overseas Adventure Travel Heart of India Handbook Table of Contents 1. TRAVEL DOCUMENTS & ENTRY REQUIREMENTS... 3 YOUR PASSPORT... 3 VISAS REQUIRED... 4 EMERGENCY PHOTOCOPIES... 5 AIRPORT TRANSFERS HEALTH... 6 IS THIS ADVENTURE RIGHT FOR YOU?... 6 STEPS TO TAKE BEFORE YOUR TRIP... 7 JET LAG PRECAUTIONS... 8 STAYING HEALTHY ON YOUR TRIP... 9 Altitude Illness (optional extension to Bhutan) MONEY MATTERS HOW TO CARRY YOUR MONEY Cash ATMs Credit Cards (and Debit Cards) CURRENCY TIPPING SHOPPING IN INDIA CLIMATE: A WORD ABOUT THE WEATHER Climate Charts PACKING JUST WHAT YOU NEED YOUR LUGGAGE & LOCKS LUGGAGE LIMITATIONS CLOTHING SUGGESTIONS TRAVELER S CHECKLISTS A WORD ABOUT ELECTRICITY LEARN ABOUT YOUR DESTINATION INDIA AT A GLANCE BHUTAN AT A GLANCE OPTIONAL EXTENSION NEPAL AT A GLANCE OPTIONAL EXTENSION CULTURE & POINTS TO KNOW SAFETY & SECURITY COMMUNICATIONS ADDITIONAL RESOURCES SUGGESTED READINGS SUGGESTED MOVIES USEFUL WEB SITES... 43

3 Travel Documents 1. Travel Documents & Entry Requirements Your Passport Please take a moment to confirm that your passport meets all of these requirements: It should be valid for at least 6 months after your scheduled return to the U.S. It should have the recommended number of blank pages (see below for details). The blank pages must be labeled Visas at the top. Pages labeled Amendments and Endorsements are not acceptable. Recommended number of blank pages Know that this recommendation is based on a worst case scenario. When you are on this adventure, you might use fewer pages, depending on the whims of the Immigration official on duty that day. Since the consequence of having too few pages can be severe you could be denied entry into a country we at OAT feel that in this case, safe is better than sorry, and we strongly recommend that you follow these guidelines. Main trip only: If you are taking only the main trip, you will require 2 blank passport pages. Pre-trip extension to Bhutan: You will need 2 more pages for a total of 4. Post-trip extension to Kerala: This extension does not require any additional pages. Post-trip extension to Nepal: You will need 2 more pages for a total of 4 blank passport pages. Both a pre- and a post-trip extension: Add the number of pages required for each of your extensions to the 2 pages required for the main trip. If you need to renew your passport: Contact the National Passport Information Center (NPIC) at , or visit their website at for information on obtaining a new passport or renewing your existing passport. You may also contact our recommended visa service company, PVS International, at for help with your passport. HOI 16 11/02/15 3

4 Travel Documents Visas Required We ll be sending you a detailed Visa Packet with instructions, application forms, and fees about 100 days prior to your departure. In the meantime, we re providing the information below as a guideline on what to expect. This info is for U.S. citizens only. All visas and fees are subject to change. India visa required. This visa must be obtained in advance. You must obtain your visa for India before you leave home. If you are taking the optional extensions to Bhutan or Nepal, you will need a multiple-entry visa for India. Bhutan (optional pre-trip extension) visa required. We recommend you obtain this onsite. A photocopy or scan of your passport will be needed before departure. There are two steps to obtaining a visa onsite: The first step is advance registration, and the second is the formalities that you complete when you arrive in Bhutan. To register with the Bhutanese government in advance, you must send a clear color photocopy of your passport informational pages (the page with your photo and the opposite page) to OAT no later than 45 days prior to your departure. You will receive detailed instructions for Bhutan and a return envelope in your Visa Packet. Please Note: The cost of this visa onsite is $40 U.S. cash per person. In addition to this fee, the local government will also charge a Bhutan Tourism Development Fee of approximately U.S. $12 per person and a Bhutan Airport Tax of approximately U.S. $18 per person. Because these fees are subject to last-minute changes without notice, we suggest you bring more than $70 in cash to cover any unexpected changes. Nepal (optional post-trip extension) visa required. We recommended you obtain this in advance. Although a Nepal visa can be obtained on arrival, we recommend that you obtain your visa before you leave home, because entry requirements can change at any moment and the only way to ensure that you will not encounter problems at the border is to obtain your visa in advance. A 15-day single-entry visa should suffice for our extension. Embassy contact information If you are staying longer in any of these countries, you should check with their embassy for the applicable regulations. (The government of Bhutan does not maintain an Embassy in the U.S., but questions can be directed PVS International at or at this website: India: Nepal: Traveling without a U.S. passport? If you are not a U.S. citizen, or if your passport is from any country other than the U.S., it is your responsibility to check with your local consulate, embassy, or a visa services company about possible visa requirements. For your convenience, we recommend the services of PVS International, a national visa service located in Washington D.C.; they can be reached at or HOI 16 11/02/15 4

5 Travel Documents Emergency Photocopies The smartest and easiest security precaution you can take is to carry photocopies of key documents: the photo page of your passport plus any applicable visas, your air itinerary, and credit card numbers. Add emergency phone numbers like your credit card company and the number for your travel protection plan. Store copies separate from the originals. This can save you time, money, and bother if your documents are lost during your trip. If you don t feel like taking paper copies, consider going digital. Scan everything and it to yourself. That way as long as you have access to , you can access the info you need. Another option is to give copies to a trusted friend or relative at home as a backup that they can or fax to you if you need it. TIP: Our Trip Leaders in India strongly recommend that you bring a photocopy of your passport s informational pages (the page with your photo and the opposite page) and the page with your Indian visa. Should your passport be lost or misplaced, or should you need additional documentation for local officials, having these documents on you will make all the difference. Airport Transfers Please note: If you plan on booking your own international flights or arranging with our air department to arrive/depart on an earlier/later date than standard for your program, airport transfers will NOT be included in your program price. Transfers must be purchased separately, as an optional add-on, and are subject to availability. To learn more, or purchase airport transfers, please call our Traveler Support team at HOI 16 11/02/15 5

6 Health 2. Health Is This Adventure Right For You? We ve worked closely with our local Trip Leaders and regional associates to identify the aspects of this adventure that you should be aware of, from physical requirements to cultural factors. Please carefully review the information below prior to departing on this adventure. We reserve the right for our Trip Leaders to modify participation, or in some circumstances send travelers home, if their condition would adversely affect the health, safety, or enjoyment of themselves or of other travelers. Pacing 7 locations in 16 days with 3 one-night stays Multiple pre-dawn departures Physical requirements Not appropriate for travelers using wheelchairs or other mobility aids Must be able to walk 2-3 miles unassisted each day and participate in 3-5 hours of daily physical activities, including scaling several steep steps without handrails Asian squat-style toilets must be used in some villages without other facilities Climate Daytime temperatures range from F August and September are hot and humid, with heavy rains. Terrain Travel over some rugged paths, as well as bumpy, unpaved, dusty roads, both by bus and on foot Transportation Travel via bus (no heat or toilet on board), train, rickshaw, and game-viewing vehicle; our vehicles are locally made and are the best available in the region Several long overland drives of 5-6 hours, including a hour transfer with a train journey on Day 13 Accommodations & Facilities One night in a comfortable but basic tented camp with private baths All other accommodations are hotel-standard, with a variety of amenities, as well as private baths with Western-style toilet facilities Most hotels in Bhutan do not have elevators, so if you are taking the optional extension in Bhutan, you must be able to climb stairs. Cuisine Meals will be based on the local cuisine; Western food is limited Cultural insight We may see people living in poverty, which could be distressing for some travelers HOI 16 11/02/15 6

7 Health Steps to Take Before Your Trip Before you leave on your adventure, there are at least four health-related things you should do. We ll outline some of these steps in more detail in the following pages, but for now, here s the short list: Step 1: Check with the CDC for their recommendations for the countries you ll be visiting. You can contact them online at wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel or by phone at Step 2: Have a medical checkup with your doctor. Step 3: Pick up any necessary medications, both prescription and over-the-counter. Step 4: Have a dental and/or eye checkup. (Recommended, but less important than steps 1-3.) Medical Checkup After checking the CDC s recommendations, we strongly recommend that you have a medical checkup with your doctor at least six weeks before your trip. (We suggest you check with the CDC first so that you can have an informed conversation with your doctor about vaccines and such.) Topics to discuss during your checkup are: The CDC recommendations. The CDC makes suggestions based on the destination, but that doesn t mean the suggestions are right for you. Your doctor will be able to advise you on what is best considering your unique medical history. Advice on what medicines (if any) to bring. For our suggestions of what types of medications to ask your doctor about, see the section titled Medications that follows. Remember to get a copy of any prescriptions written as a generic drug name so you can replace your medications if they are lost during the trip. Your fitness for this adventure. This is a must if you have any medical conditions or physical limitations. Use the Is This Adventure Right For You? section on previous pages as a guideline. Make certain to review any medical condition you have, particularly cardiac or respiratory disease or diabetes, and discuss the details of the trip itinerary as it pertains to your health. Remember, your trip may take you into remote areas, with no nearby medical facilities. Please notify us in writing about any medical condition that may require special attention. If your report is normal, you don t need to send it to us. If you send us a medical report, we don t use it to determine if you should take this trip, or if you are likely to enjoy it. Those decisions are up to you and your doctor. HOI 16 11/02/15 7

8 Health Medications Prescription medication suggestions Of course, you ll need to bring an ample supply of any prescription medications you happen to be taking. You ll also want to talk to your doctor about any medications suggested by the CDC. In addition, we suggest you ask about prescriptions for: An antibiotic medication for gastrointestinal illness A pain medication. You might need this in the unlikely event of an injury in a location where medical attention would be delayed. Altitude sickness medication (if you are taking the extension to Bhutan) At time of writing, the CDC did recommend discussing anti-malaria medication with your doctor for India. The CDC also mentioned that malaria was present in Bhutan and Nepal, but not the areas we visit on this itinerary. TIP: Anti-malarial medication can have strong side effects, so be certain to ask your doctor first. Over-the-counter medication suggestions When traveling, keep in mind that not every country has approved every medication. Most major brands are OK, but some medications we take for granted are not allowed in other countries. Fortunately, the U.S. State Department offers advice on restricted medications online at (Look under the Criminal Penalties and Special Circumstances sections of each country you ll be visiting. If you don t see anything mentioned, then major U.S. brands should be fine.) TIP: At time of writing, the State Department did not have any special warnings about American overthe-counter medications for India, Bhutan, or Nepal. Traveling with medications To avoid loss and to have them handy, pack medications in your carry-on bag. For quicker security screening at the airport and a better experience if you get stopped by customs while overseas keep medicines in their original, labeled containers. To be prepared for any unforeseen loss of your medications, you should also bring copies of the prescriptions, written using the generic drug name rather than a brand name. Jet Lag Precautions You will feel better on the first days of your trip if, shortly before you leave home, you start to adjust to the different time zone of your destination. Since you will cross several time zones to reach your destination, you may lose many hours of regular sleep. On arrival, your body then will have to suddenly adjust to new sleeping and eating patterns. The result is jet lag. Its symptoms are fatigue often compounded by insomnia and general restlessness irritability, and vague disorientation. You cannot totally avoid jet lag; but you can minimize it. Here's how: Start your trip well-rested. Begin a gradual transition to your new time zone before you leave or switch to your destination time zone when you get on the plane. Attempt to sleep and eat according to the new schedule. Avoid heavy eating and drinking caffeine or alcoholic beverages right before and during your flight. Drink plenty of water and/or fruit juice while flying. Stretch your legs, neck, and back periodically while seated on the plane, and make an effort to get up and walk about the cabin a few times to keep your blood circulation normal. After arrival, avoid the temptation to nap. Don t push yourself to see a lot on your first day. Try to stay awake your first day until after dinner. HOI 16 11/02/15 8

9 Staying Healthy on Your Trip Health Safe Water Tap water is not safe to drink. Bottled water or treated drinking water is readily available. Inspect each bottle before you buy it to make sure the cap is sealed properly. Carry a bottle in your daypack at all times. Bottled drinks and juices, and hot drinks that have been boiled, are safe to drink. Carry a handkerchief to dry the tops of bottled drinks before and after opening. Safe Food We ve carefully chosen the restaurants for your group meals. Carry a handkerchief to dry any wet utensils or plates. Be very careful with food sold from vendors on the street, and with uncooked fruit and other foods. Fruit that you peel yourself is usually safe. Electricity Supply A constant electricity supply cannot be guaranteed during overnight stays. Travelers dependent on electricity supply for health reasons (as in the case of those with sleep apnea) may want to consider a different OAT adventure. Altitude Illness (optional extension to Bhutan) If you are taking the optional extension to Bhutan, you will probably feel some effects from the high altitudes. Even if you've been to high elevations previously, you could have a different reaction this time. For most people, the symptoms are mild, and will pass in a day or so. The most common symptoms of altitude sickness are lightheadedness, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite. You should take it easy, avoid smoking and alcohol, and drink plenty of fluids. We suggest taking a rest of a couple hours when you first arrive to acclimate yourself. Some people take a prescription medication starting when they arrive or one day before. Don t take sleeping medications, as they suppress respiration. Even though you may experience a decreased appetite, force yourself to eat soups and other light foods. If these normal altitude symptoms become unmanageable, it is critical that you inform your Trip Leader. Please let the Trip Leader know if you experience any of the following: serious difficulty breathing, mental confusion, a severe and unremitting headache, continued difficulty breathing after a period of rest, or poor physical coordination (ataxia). HOI 16 11/02/15 9

10 Money Matters 3. Money Matters How to Carry Your Money Generally speaking, you ll want to bring a mixture of different payment methods some cash to exchange and a couple of cards so that you ll be prepared for any situation. In this chapter, we offer some tips on each type of payment method. One note: Traveler s checks are not recommended. They can be difficult to exchange and are rarely accepted in shops and restaurants. A cash reserve is especially important for the optional extension to Bhutan; you should assume that you will not be able to use a credit card or ATM card at all in Bhutan. Cash We recommend that you bring some cash with you on this adventure. Cash has a few advantages over other forms of payment. It is more widely accepted than any other form of payment, and sometimes commands a better exchange rate. Cash is also a better choice for rural or undeveloped areas where ATMs and credit card machines are scarce. So we know that bringing cash is a good idea does that mean U.S. dollars or local currency? There is no need to obtain local currency before your trip. In fact, your bank in the U.S. may not be able to change U.S. dollars into Indian rupees because of the strict trade laws on Indian currency. You can change money when you arrive at banks, most hotels, and money exchange offices. Please note torn, dirty, or taped U.S. bills may not be accepted for exchange. For more information on what type of currency can be used on this trip, see the Currency section. ATMs On this adventure, PLUS, Cirrus, and other international ATM networks are readily available in northern India, except in small villages, the National Parks, or at the OAT camp. In Nepal, ATMs are somewhat available in Kathmandu, but not in the small towns or villages. But finding the ATM is only the first step using it may take patience. Some ATMs in this region will not accept U.S. cards (we suggest that you confirm if your card will work in India and/or Nepal with your bank). And even when you do find a machine that takes your card, they aren t always reliable. You will often find machines that are either out of order, or out of money, so you may need to try more than one machine. Your Trip Leader will advise you on ATM availability and locations during the trip. There are limited ATMs in Bhutan; you ll need to bring enough cash to cover your expenses there. Using a local ATM on an international network will allow you to withdraw money from your U.S. account in local currency; your bank at home will calculate the conversion rate and charge you in U.S. dollars. However, many banks charge a fee ranging from $1 to $5 for every time you use a foreign ATM. Others will charge you a percentage of what you withdraw. We recommend that you check with your bank before you depart. You ll also want to notify your bank that you ll be out of the country that way when they see foreign ATM withdrawals, they won t put a fraud alert on your account. Lastly, don t forget to memorize the actual digits of your card s PIN number (many keypads at foreign ATMs do not include letters on their keys they only display numbers.) HOI 16 11/02/15 10

11 Money Matters Credit Cards (and Debit Cards) Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in India for major purchases and in shops associated with the tourist trade (souvenirs, museum gift shops, etc.), but may not be accepted by smaller shops or restaurants. In Bhutan, credit/debit cards are not accepted everywhere, and only some places in Nepal will take credit/debit cards. In these countries cash is usually the preferred form of payment, especially for small amounts. If you are taking the optional trip extension to Bhutan, be forewarned that it is safest to assume that you will not be able to use any credit cards. It is best to bring extra U.S. cash or pay using Indian rupees. Also note that goods and services in Bhutan are substantially more expensive than in India. Even if you do not plan on using them, we suggest you bring one or two credit or debit cards as a backup or for optional tours. We also suggest that you bring more than one brand of card (Visa, MasterCard, American Express) if possible, because not every shop will take every card. For example, although the Discover card is now accepted in some countries outside the U.S., it is not widely adopted, so other brands will work at a much larger range of stores, restaurants, etc. TIP: Many credit card companies have fraud alert departments that will freeze your card if they see suspicious charges such as charges from another country. To avoid an accidental security block, it is a good idea to notify your credit card company you will be using your cards abroad. You can do this by calling their customer service number a week or two before your departure. You should also double-check what phone number you could call if you have a problem with a card while you are abroad. Don t assume you can use the number printed on the back of your card most numbers don t work outside of the U.S.! And speaking of credit cards, please keep in mind that optional tours with OAT can only be purchased with a credit or debit card (if it has a credit card logo and allows you to sign for purchases). Because our headquarters are in Boston, charges may appear to be from Boston or might be labeled as "OPT Boston" (depending on your credit card company). HOI 16 11/02/15 11

12 Money Matters Currency For current exchange rates, please refer to our website your bank, or the financial section of your newspaper. Bhutan The official currency of Bhutan is the Ngultrum, but U.S. dollars are widely accepted. Indian currency in denominations up to 100 rupees can also be used in Bhutan, but larger Indian bills, such as the 500-rupee or 1000-rupee notes will not be accepted. Bills come in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 Ngultrum Coins come in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50 India The official currency of India is the rupee, which is divided into 100 paise (singular: paisa). Bills come in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 rupees Coins come in denominations of 50 paise and 1, 2, 5, and 100 U.S. dollars are not widely accepted in India; the local currency is preferred. (Occasionally you might find a tourist-related business or a street vendor who will take U.S. dollars, but generally it is rupees all the way.) Nepal The official currency of Nepal is the Nepalese rupee (Rs), which is divided into 100 paise (singular: paisa). Bills come in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 rupees Coins come in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 25, 50 paise; and 1, 2, 5, and 10 rupees Both U.S. dollars and Indian rupees are widely accepted in Nepal. Because dollars are accepted and costs are low, a mix of small denomination U.S. bills ($1, 5, and 10) can be very useful. HOI 16 11/02/15 12

13 Money Matters Tipping Of course, whether you tip, and how much, is always at your own discretion. For those of you who have asked for tipping suggestions, we offer these guidelines. Listed below are our recommendations for the tips that are not included in your tour price. All tips are quoted in U.S. dollars; tips can be converted and paid in local currency or in U.S. dollars. Do not use personal or traveler's check for tips. OAT Trip Leader: It is customary to express a personal "thank you" to your OAT Trip Leader at the end of your trip, especially if he or she has provided you with individual service. As a guideline, many travelers give $7-$10 per person per day. Housekeeping staff at hotels: $1-2 per room, per night Waiters: Your Trip Leader will tip waiters for included meals. If you are dinning on your own remember that it is common to tip anywhere from 5%-10% in restaurants. Taxi drivers: If you are taking a taxi by yourself, keep in mind that tipping is not common practice, but many people simply let the driver keep the change by rounding up the fare to the next whole number. Your tour price includes gratuities on the main trip and extensions for local guides, drivers, camp staff, and luggage porters that may assist you during the scheduled activities on your adventure. Shopping in India It is Overseas Adventure Travel's goal to identify and provide you with shopping opportunities that highlight unique, locally-produced products with good value from reliable vendors. For this reason there may be scheduled visits to local shops during your adventure. There is no requirement to make a purchase during these stops, and any purchase made is a direct transaction with the shop in question, subject to the vendor s terms of purchase. Overseas Adventure Travel cannot be responsible for purchases you make on your trip or for the shipment of your purchases. Crafts & Souvenirs India offers many fine craft items at good prices. One simple way to find nice souvenirs at fair prices is to buy the local specialty of the city or region while you re there. Delhi is a great location for buying silk carpets and Kashmir handicrafts. Jaipur has wonderful gems, intricately worked enamelware, and woolen carpets. Agra is known for exquisite marble inlay items; Rajasthan for miniature paintings, fabrics with block prints, marvelous tie-dye and embroidered fabrics. Beautiful brocades and crepe silk come from Varanasi. Here is a list a few of the regional products that you ll be able to discover during your trip. (Please note that this is a representative, or sample list, your actual itinerary could vary.) HOI 16 11/02/15 13

14 Money Matters In India Kashmir carpets (Delhi) With the ongoing controversy surrounding Kashmir (which is a disputed area jointly administered by India, Pakistan, and China) many Kashmiri have immigrated to Delhi, bringing their unique weaving style with them. Kashmiri carpets draw on the region s history by creating Persian-style designs in silk. Many of the designs have been handed down from the days before the Mughal emperors, and even today many of the silks used are still colored with traditional mineral dyes. During the trip, we ll visit a unique Kashmir carpet center to witness how these intricate hand-knotted carpets are made. Block printing and woolen carpets (Jaipur) Local crafts in Jaipur include hand-woven woolen carpets and block-printed fabrics. Both crafts relay on repeating, interlocking, geometric designs typical of the area. We ll tour a fabric block-printing center to learn more about these textiles that are so representative of the area. Silk (Varanasi) Indian silk is widely prized for its bright colors and brocade-weaving technique. As the center of India s silk-weaving trade, Varanasi is the place to find bolts of silk in all different colors, scarves, shawls, and of course, saris. We will have the opportunity to tour a silk-weaving workshop, see the looms, and meet workers. Outside India Bhutan: Popular Bhutan souvenirs include postage stamps, lovely hand-woven fabrics, carved masks, woven baskets, thangkhas, wooden bowls, handmade paper and finely crafted metal objects. In Bhutan, the buying and selling of antiques is strictly forbidden. Nepal: Popular buys include locally made clothes such as lopsided topis (caps), knitted mittens and socks, Tibetan dresses, woven shawls, Tibetan multicolored jackets and men s diagonally fastened shirts, saranghi (a small, four-stringed viola played with a horse-hair bow), Tibetan tea bowls, papier mâché dance masks, Buddhist statuettes and filigree ornaments, bamboo flutes and other folk objects. Bargaining Some shops have fixed prices. In other places, merchants enjoy negotiating over prices. And bargaining is expected from all vendors. If this is your first experience at bargaining, don t worry you ll quickly find your own style. Your opening offer should be well under the asking price. The only rule is that, if you make an offer, you should be prepared to buy at that price. And remember, whatever price you pay is okay, as long as the item is worth that price to you. HOI 16 11/02/15 14

15 Money Matters U.S. Customs Regulations and Shipping Charges For all things related to U.S. Customs, the ultimate authority is the U.S. Bureau of Customs & Border Protection. Their website, has the answers to the most frequently asked questions. Or you can call them at The top three points to know are: At time of writing, your personal duty-free allowance is $800 for items brought with you. Items totaling more than $800 are subject to duty fees. Items shipped home are always subject to duty when received in the U.S. Even when the shop has offered to include shipping and duties in the price, this typically means shipping to the nearest customs facility and payment of the export duties not door-to-door shipping or payment of the import duties. All additional duties or shipping charges would be your responsibility. Unless an item is small enough to send by parcel service (like FedEx), chances are you will need arrange shipping or pick-up once the item is in the U.S. and will need to pay customs duties. It is illegal to import products made from endangered animal species. U.S. Customs & Border Protection will seize these items, as well as most furs, coral, tortoise shell, reptile skins, feathers, plants, and items made from animal skins. If You Have a Problem with a Purchase The best way to address a problem with a purchase is to not have one in the first place! So don t forget to examine merchandise before paying for it, check contracts or agreements before signing, and review your receipt before leaving the shop. For major purchases, don t hesitate to ask in advance about the return policy local practice may vary from U.S. standards, so don t assume that you have a certain number of days after the purchase to speak up. But what if you do discover an issue with an item later on? In that case, your best recourse is to contact the vendor directly. For this reason we recommend that you keep a copy of all your receipts, invoices, or contracts, along with the shop s contact information. Expect that any resolution will take longer than it would in the U.S. due to delays in communication, the complexities of international shipping/customs duties, and even cultural differences in how business is conducted. HOI 16 11/02/15 15

16 Climate: A Word About the Weather 4. Climate: A Word About the Weather Climate by Location India India is characterized by hot, tropical weather, with variations from region to region. Though seasons follow similar cycles as the Northern Hemisphere, the first months of spring and fall can be very warm to hot. Mornings are especially cold in winter months. Monsoon rains occur throughout most regions of India during the summer months, between June and September. As these are generally warm climates, some hotels and vehicles do not have heat. Note on traveling to India in December and January Starting roughly between the second and fourth week in December, Delhi, Khajuraho, and Varanasi are affected by occasional ground fog. The fog season usually lasts about a month. As a result, it's possible that the following will occur: Delays or diversions for international flights into and out of Delhi Disrupted viewing of the Taj Mahal during mornings and evenings Delays or cancellations on the flights from Khajuraho to Varanasi and from Varanasi to Delhi. Some activities may need to be re-arranged in the itinerary as a result of occasional fog. For example, if Khajuraho to Varanasi flight is cancelled due to fog, we may drive to Varanasi instead, which is a 12-hour transfer. Your Trip Leader will manage any changes on-site. Although this talk of changes may sound daunting, keep in mind there is a great advantage of traveling at this time the cooler climate. Not only is it more comfortable, but also touring is not limited to mornings and late afternoons. Optional extensions Bhutan: Bhutan has a wide range of climactic conditions, with areas at lower elevations including Punakha and Wangdi having cool, dry winters and hot, wet summers. Areas at higher elevations, such as Thimphu and Paro, will be the coldest places you visit on this trip, with both summers and winters much colder than in lowland India. South India-Kerala State: The climate is tropical, with very warm temperatures year-round. In Kerala State, the driest season extends from mid-december through March. The monsoon season here starts the earliest of anywhere in India, typically at the beginning of June, and it can rain heavily through the summer months. Kerala also gets a second or winter monsoon, often from November into early December. Nepal: Nepal s weather is generally predictable and pleasant. There are two seasons the dry season from October to May and the rainy, monsoon season from June to September. About 80 percent of the rain falls during the rainy period, so the remainder of the year is relatively dry. Spring and autumn are the most pleasant seasons; winter temperatures drop to freezing with a high level of snowfall in the mountains. Late spring and summer temperatures range from 83º in the hill regions to more than 104º in the Terai. HOI 16 11/02/15 16

17 Climate: A Word About the Weather Climate Charts The following charts reflect the average climate as opposed to weather conditions. This means they serve only as general indicators of what can reasonably be expected. As your departure approaches you may wish to monitor current weather conditions online. Here is the official data from the weather observation stations closest to our destinations: MONTH NEW DELHI, India JAIPUR, India Temp. Average High-Low Average % Relative Humidity Average Monthly Rainfall Temp. Average High-Low Average % Relative Humidity Average Monthly Rainfall (inches) (am-pm) (inches) (am-pm) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC MONTH KHAJURAHO, India PATNA (near Varanasi) Temp. Average High-Low Average % Relative Humidity Average Monthly Rainfall Temp. Average High-Low Average % Relative Humidity Average Monthly Rainfall (inches) (am-pm) (inches) (am-pm) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC HOI 16 11/02/15 17

18 MONTH Temp. Average High-Low Climate: A Word About the Weather COCHIN, South India (optional extension) Average % Relative Humidity (am-pm) Average Monthly Rainfall (inches) Temp. Average High-Low THIMPHU, Bhutan* (optional extension) Average % Relative Humidity (am-pm) Average Monthly Rainfall (inches) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC *No climate data was available for humidity. MONTH Temp. Average High-Low KATHMANDU, Nepal (optional extension) Average % Relative Humidity (am-pm) Average Monthly Rainfall (inches) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Online Forecast Monthly temperature averages for the countries you will be visiting, plus a current 10-day forecast, are available online through the My Account feature of our website HOI 16 11/02/15 18

19 Packing Just What You Need 5. Packing Just What You Need Your Luggage & Locks Luggage Suggestions Checked luggage One duffle bag or suitcase. Due to space limitations on our motor coaches, you are allowed one piece of checked luggage per person. Look for one with heavy nylon fabric, wrap-around handles, built-in wheels, and a heavy-duty lockable zipper. Please do not bring a rigid (plastic shell) suitcase. Carry-on bag You are allowed one carry-on bag per person. We suggest a tote or small backpack that can be used as both a carry-on bag for your flight and to carry your daily necessities water bottle, camera, etc during driving excursions and walking trips. Consider a backpack or waistpack that keeps both hands free and distributes the pack s weight onto your back or hips. TIP: Consider bringing a second, empty, lockable bag folded into your main suitcase, with a luggage tag and small lock. Use this to carry souvenirs home. Also, when traveling with a companion we recommend cross-packing, i.e., pack 2 outfits of your clothing in your companion s luggage and vice-versa, in case one bag is delayed. Locks To reduce the risk of damage to your luggage, either do not lock your bags when checking in for flights that originate in the U.S. or use TSA-approved locks. (These are locks that TSA screeners can open and relock with a special tool, avoiding damage to your luggage or lock if a physical inspection is required. Look for the words TSA or TSA-approved on the lock s packaging.) Outside of the U.S., we strongly recommend that you lock your luggage as a preventative measure against theft. HOI 16 11/02/15 19

20 Packing Just What You Need LUGGAGE LIMITATIONS In addition to the international flights, you will also take domestic flights within the region on your main trip. The luggage limits on these flights are less than the average allowance for international flights. This means that even if your international airline offers a larger weight limit, you will need to pack according to the lower restrictions, as indicated in the following chart. Main trip only Pre-trip extension to Bhutan All other extensions Number of Pieces Type of Luggage Weight Restrictions Special Size Restrictions? One checked Duffle bag or softsided Checked Standard airline size: checked bag and one luggage. Please luggage: luggage should not exceed 62 carry-on per do not bring a hardsided 33 lbs total linear inches (length+ width + person (clamshell) Carry-on: depth) and carry-on should not suitcase. 11 lbs total exceed 45 linear inches Same Same Same Standard size for checked luggage; airline limits carry-on size to 17.5 x 13.5 x 8 inches Same Same Same Same as the main trip Remarks and Suggestions The Dirty Harry luggage rule: The limits in the chart above are based on the airlines published restrictions. The enforcement of luggage limits is a matter of airline corporate policy. It may not be consistent in all situations and may include random spot checks, especially for carry-on luggage. Airline penalties and fines, however, will probably be immediate when and if enforcement occurs. Before you choose to go above the airline s published restrictions, you should first ask: Do I feel lucky? (And if the answer is yes, then you should accept that you might be charged a fee by the airlines.) Carry-on size for Bhutan: Frequently the aircraft for our flight to Bhutan is a small plane with no room for American-sized carry-ons. Unfortunately, there is no way to predict which aircraft will be used. (The airline doesn t tell us in advance.) But as long as you follow the airline's own rule of using a smaller bag, you will be fine no matter what aircraft is used. Of course, this means that you might bring the small bag and then have a larger plane after all. But the point is to be prepared no matter what. You are allowed to bring a personal item, such as a lady's purse, an overcoat, an umbrella, or a walking stick in addition to your carry-on. TIP: Our regional staff suggests bringing your coat or jacket on the plane for the flight to Bhutan and wearing your sturdiest shoes. That way you have these items even if your checked luggage is lost or delayed, but they don t take up room in your small carry-on. Checked luggage for Bhutan: The airline is generally strict about enforcing weight limitations. If you are caught bringing excess baggage it will cost you at least $4 for each additional kilogram (2.2 pounds). There are no left luggage facilities for you to leave extra luggage behind during your extension. Remember, these limits can change. If the airline(s) notifies us of any changes, we will include an update in your Final Documents booklet. You should also confirm both luggage restrictions and luggage fees directly with your U.S./international airline a week or so before your departure. Doing so will keep you up-to-date on any last-minute changes, new security measures, or new fees. Most airlines are now charging fees for checked luggage, even on some international flights. These fees are not included in your trip price; they are payable directly to the airlines. For your convenience, we maintain a list of the toll-free numbers for the most common airlines on our website under the FAQ section. HOI 16 11/02/15 20

21 Packing Just What You Need Clothing Suggestions Functional Tips As you will experience a wide range of temperatures and weather conditions, we suggest several layers of clothing. If you like to hand-wash your clothes, look for fabrics that will dry out overnight. You can buy clothing designed especially for travel, with features like wrinkle-resistant fabric or built-in sun protection. You ll be on your feet a lot during the trip, and walking over some rough and slippery surfaces. The soles of your shoes should offer good traction. Style Hints Dress on our trip is functional and casual. Your dress should be somewhat conservative, to be respectful of the local culture. Sleeveless tops for ladies are acceptable in the larger cities in India and Nepal, but are not appropriate in the small villages, or in temples, or in Bhutan. We recommend you keep a light jacket, sweater or pashmina with you when going sleeveless, to cover up when necessary. Very short shorts (on men or women) and mini-skirts are considered disrespectful, and will draw unwanted attention. Since the cow is a sacred animal in the Hindu religion, many Indians do not wear leather. It is OK for you to wear leather in India, and small leather items (belts and wallets) will usually be allowed in Hindu temples. However, temple attendants my ask that you leave large leather items such as handbags at the entrance, so consider bringing a cloth or canvas bag instead. Traveler s Checklists Did you know that the top two comments travelers have about packing are I wish I had brought less and I wish I had thought to double-check the weather? In an effort to help you bring less, we offer these lists, which have been compiled from suggestions by Trip Leaders and former travelers. The lists are only jumping-off points they offer recommendations based on experience, but not requirements. You might also want to refer to the climate charts in this handbook or online weather forecasts before you pack. And finally, remember the Golden Rule of Packing Light whatever you think you need at first take half the clothes and twice the money. Recommended Clothing Checklist Shirts: A mixture of short- and long-sleeved shirts in a breathable fabric, like cotton or cotton-blend. Polo shirts are more versatile than T-shirts. Sleeveless shirts are acceptable in India, but not Bhutan. Trousers and/or jeans: Comfortable and loose-fitting in a breathable fabric, like cotton or linen. Walking shorts: Shorts are generally acceptable in India, but in keeping with the more modest culture, please chose a longer cut (to the knee). Shorts are not allowed in Indian mosques and are not allowed in public places in Bhutan. For women 1 or 2 travel skirts: Our female Trip Leaders suggest that, for India, a skirt and shirt is a great basic travel outfit. Shorts and pants are fine too, it is just that a skirt allows for air movement and is convenient when using squat toilets. Female travelers should also consider sports bras, especially for days with long overland transfers the roads can be bumpy. Shoes and socks: Shoes should be comfortable walking or running shoes; a pair of light hiking boots or sturdy walking shoes is recommended for Bhutan. We suggest you bring at least one extra pair of socks to be used as temple socks, because wearing shoes of any type are not allowed inside temples. Light cotton or wool sweater: The air-conditioning in restaurants and on the bus can be cold. HOI 16 11/02/15 21

22 Packing Just What You Need Wide-brim sun hat or visor for sun protection Light rain jacket/windbreaker with hood Underwear and sleepwear Optional: swimsuit, in case a hotel has a whirlpool or pool Seasonal Clothing Recommendations: For fall and winter (November-February in India; September-March in Bhutan): A warm jacket, like a Polertec fleece, or a heavy wool sweater Turtleneck(s) or scarf Warm sleepwear Hat and light gloves. Other Essential Items Daily essentials: toothbrush, toothpaste, floss, hairbrush or comb, shaving items, deodorant, etc. Our hotels will provide the basics like soap and shampoo, but if you are sensitive to fragrances or new products, you may wish to bring your preferred brands. Most hotels do not provide a washcloth, so you may wish to pack one. Spare eyeglasses/contact lens Sunglasses Sunscreen, SPF 15 or stronger Insect repellent with DEET Light folding umbrella, for rain and sun protection Moisturizer and chapstick Pocket-size tissues most public restrooms will be out of toilet paper. (And out of soap, so bring some anti-bacterial hand lotion too.) Anti-bacterial hand lotion Packets of moist towelettes. These are useful after visits that involve removing your shoes, or can be used to freshen up during a hot day. Flashlight, extra batteries/bulb. A flashlight is highly recommended by our Trip Leaders as power outages are common. (Plus it is useful at the camp.) Electrical converter & plug adapter: see A Word About Electricity for more details Camera gear with extra batteries or battery charger HOI 16 11/02/15 22

23 Packing Just What You Need Medicines & First Aid Gear Your own prescription medicines Travel first aid kit: Band-Aids, headache and pain relief, laxatives and anti-diarrhea tablets, something for upset stomach. Maybe a cold remedy, moleskin foot pads, antibiotic cream, or allergy medication. An antibiotic medication for gastrointestinal illness Optional: A strong prescription pain medication for rare emergency purposes Optional: Altitude sickness medication (if you are taking the extension to Bhutan) Optional: Anti-malarial medication discuss with your doctor) Optional Gear (These are items that other travelers have suggested might be useful not requirements. The extra spaces at the end are for you to add whatever you don t want to forget.) Travel alarm Lightweight binoculars Hanging toiletry bag with hook to hang on doorknob, and pockets to organize items Basic sewing kit Hand-wash laundry soap such as Woolite Hair dryer Reading materials Travel journal/note pad Home address book Photos, small gift for Home-Hosted Visit Phrase book Folding walking staff, sold in most camping stores Pocket-size calculator for exchange rates Inflatable seat cushion for bumpy roads Eye drops, to combat dusty conditions Bandana (can use as a hanky; doubles as a face mask on the dusty roads in the National Park). If you have respiratory problems or powerful allergies, a face mask might be useful. A few snacks to fill the gap between breakfast and lunch Packets of powdered sports drink mix with electrolytes (helps with hydration). HOI 16 11/02/15 23

24 Packing Just What You Need A Word About Electricity When traveling overseas, there are a few differences to keep in mind about electricity. First, the voltage is usually different. Second, the plugs might not be the same shape. Lastly, the availability of power can vary. Voltage Electricity in India, Bhutan, and Nepal is volts. In the U.S. it is 110 volts. Most of the things a traveler will want to plug in battery chargers, MP3 players, tablets or computers can run off both 110 and 220. But you should check the item or the owner s guide first to confirm this before you plug it in. If you have something that needs 110 volts like a shaver or a hairdryer you can bring a transformer to change the current. (But transformers tend to burn out, so it might be better to leave whatever it is at home.) Plugs The shape of plugs will vary from country to country, and sometimes even within a country depending on when that building was built. Different plug shapes are named by letters of the alphabet Type A, Type B, and so on. Standard U.S. plugs are Type A and Type B. Here is the list of plugs for the countries on this trip: Overall, C and D are the most common plugs in this region. India: C or D Bhutan: D or G; sometimes F but this is rare Nepal: C or D Type F is not common; see TIP. TIP: In Bhutan, you may occasionally find a Type F socket, but Type F plugs are not always easy to find in U.S. stores. Luckily, the Type C plug will fit into Type F sockets. HOI 16 11/02/15 24