bio smart as Reliable, Dual-Use Plant Biostimulants bio engineered bio inspired WWU Münster University bio mimetic Braunschweig PPPHE 2017 bio active

Transcription

1 Second Generation ChitosanS as Reliable, Dual-Use Plant Biostimulants Bruno M. Moerschbacher WWU Münster University bulk bio active bio mimetic bio inspired inspired bio engineered Braunschweig PPPHE 2017 bio smart

2 plant productivity and plant protection deg gree of pro oductivity fertilizers from agro-chemicals to agro-biologics biostimulants chitosan? BCA ISR elicitors priming agents agrochemicals degree of crop protection

3 GlcNAc GlcN DP 100 chitin i chitosans DA 50% plant strengthening Dr. Dominique Gillet Mahtani Chitosan India we need to know: structure / function Your name. company relationships or university. city. country

4 chitosan structure chitin CH 3 C=O GlcNAc A hydrophobic C=O CH 3 partially acetylated chitosans GlcN chitosan D hydrophilic polykationic (acidic ph)

5 structure-function relationships of chitosans

6 chitosan functions plant stengthening activities wound healing activities water DA 0 % 15 % 30 % anti microbial activities 4,0 3,5 chitosan conc. (µg/ml) 40 % 50 % OD 3,0 25 2,5 2,0 1,5 60% 70 % ih 1,0 0,5 0, incubation time

7 the chitosan matrix GlcN GlcNAc

8 structure/function relationships of chitosans antimicrobial activities plant strengthening activities iii

9 towards cellular modes of action pathogen! (= stopp allactivities activities, and defend yourself ) pathogen? (= keep going, but prepare for defense )

10 chitosans for seed dressing and foliar spray 40 kg ha 1 partial disease protection & yield increase (+ 25%) 40 g ha 1 with Dominique Gillet et al. Gustavo Rivera Rodriguez &

11 field trials in Morocco: tomatoes lar rgest si ize cate egory (% %) control chitosan 1 Bio Power higher yield better quality (larger fruits) + 105% chitosan concentration 02% 0.2% 05% 0.5% 10% 1.0%

12 field trials in Morocco: tomatoes lar rgest si ize cate egory (% %) higher yield 45 abiotic stress (heat) tolerance better quality (larger fruits) control chitosan 1 Bio Power + 105% chitosan concentration 02% 0.2% 05% 0.5% 10% 1.0%

13 chitosan induces drought stress tolerance root growth promotion stomatal closure + 53% 36% chitosan concentration buffer ABA chitosan 1 2 3

14 structure-function relationships of chitosans

15 chemical preparation of chitosans: 2D matrix 1000 GlcN DP random GlcNAc DA chemical - de-n-acetylation - de-polymerisation - re-n-acetylation yield chitosan oligo- and polymers with random PA

16 enzymatic modification of chitosans: 3D matrix 1000 GlcN DP random GlcNAc blockwise DA regular patterned

17 regio-selective chitin deacetylases CDA 4 CDA 5 CDA 2 CDA 1 CDA 5 CDA 4 CDA 4 CDA 5 Bruno Moerschbacher. WWU Münster University. Münster. Germany

18 applications of well-defined chitosans water chitosan chitosan water chitosan water water water chitosan fungicide water chitosan chitosan water chitosan water chitosan chitosan water water water water chitosan water chitosan water chitosan with Bruno Moerschbacher Dominique. WWU Gillet, Münster Jatinder University Kumar,. Münster David. Germany Nannen et al.

19 chitosans for sustainable agriculture some chitosans can inhibit growth of microbial pathogens some chitosans can inducedisease disease resistance in plants some chitosans can induce stress tolerance in plants some chitosans can promote growth & development in plants

20 chitosans for sustainable agriculture some chitosans can inhibit growth of microbial pathogens these chitosans are plant protectants some chitosans can inducedisease disease resistance in plants these chitosans were plant strengtheners these chitosans are now plant protectants some chitosans can induce stress tolerance in plants some chitosans can promote growth & development in plants

21 chitosans for sustainable agriculture some chitosans can inhibit growth of microbial pathogens these chitosans are plant protectants some chitosans can inducedisease disease resistance in plants these chitosans were plant strengtheners these chitosans are now plant protectants some chitosans can induce stress tolerance in plants these chitosans will be plant biostimulants some chitosans can promote growth & development in plants these chitosans will be plant biostimulants

22 chitosans for knowledge-based plant protection from agro-chemicals to agro-biologics degr ree of prod ductivity fertilizers BCA dual use biostimulants ISR elicitors it priming agents biostimulants agrochemicals chitosans! degree of crop protection

23 thanks The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union s Union s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement n This presentation reflects only the author s author s view. The European Union is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. Your namemoerschbacher. company or university. city. country Bruno. WWU Münster University. Germany

24 from 1 st generation chitosan to 2 nd generation chitosans first generation chitosan rather poorly defined mixture of polymers, of varying purity and varying composition mostly unfit for the development of successfully marketableproducts This chitosan was dominating the market for decades and is still widespread today. second generation chitosans well defined in terms of their DP and DA, with known molecular structure function relationships more suitable for the development of reliable products These chitosans are now increasingly appearing on the market.

25 from 2 nd to 3 rd generation chitosans second generation chitosans well defined in terms of their DP and DA, withknown molecularstructure function l t ti relationships lti more suitable for the development of reliable products These chitosans are now increasingly appearing on the market. thirdgeneration chitosans less polydispers polymers and monodispers oligomers, withwell defined, well non random PA, nano formulated if required, with defined biological activities and known cellular modes of action These chitosans will create new market opportunities in future.

26 nano & micro nano & CCME PA & CCME DP & DA biotech oligomers Service Unit of WWU IBBP MOE... fungal chitosans biotech polymers

27 DP analysis of chitosan polymers using SEC-MALLS M W = 1.7 *10 4 Da I P = M W /M N = M N = 1.02 *10 4 Da N M Z = 2.37 *10 4 Da Bruno according Moerschbacher to ASTM. WWU International Münster University Method. Germany F

28 DA analysis of chitosan polymers using 1 H-NMR DA = 30% CH 3 (Ac) H3 H6 (D) H2 H6 (A) H1(D) H1(A) H2 (D) Bruno according Moerschbacher to ASTM. WWU International Münster University Method. Germany F

29 PA analysis of chitosan polymers using 13 C-NMR C5 region DA DD AD FDA PA = + F FDD + FDA F FAD + F FAA + FAD AA random PA = 1 block PA < 1 regular PA > 1 13 C-NMR C4 C5 C3 C6 C2 C1 anhydro Man (reducing end)

30 DP, DA, PA analysis of chitosan oligomers using HPLC-MS n