PORTABLE HOMELESS SHELTER

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1 PORTABLE HOMELESS SHELTER PHYLLIS SLUYTER, CARI JACKSON, BERENICE MARTINEZ AND LUIS RODRIGUIZ Introduction to Engineering, EMPACTS Project, Spring 2016 Dr. Khalil Sharif, Instructor NorthWest Arkansas Community College, Bentonville, AR 72712

2 B PROBLEM? HOMELESS DO NOT OFTEN HAVE ACCESS TO SHELTER PROTECTION FROM HARSH WEATHER CONDITIONS. PROTECTION FROM OTHER PEOPLE. A PLACE TO SLEEP COMFORTABLY.

5 HOW MANY HOMELESS DIE BECAUSE OF A PREVENTABLE PROBLEM? Approximately 700 According to the National Coalition for the Homeless.

6 How does this apply to our community? 2500 homeless in Benton and Washington County 1200 are less than 18 years of age *According to a 2015 University of Arkansas Study

OPPORTUNITIES HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES LOW WAGES 2013 HOUSING WAGE WAS $18.

7 c WHY ARE PEOPLE HOMELESS? LACK OF AFFORDABLE HOUSING INCREASED NUMBER OF FORECLOSURES LACK OF EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES LOW WAGES 2013 HOUSING WAGE WAS $18.79 AN HOUR MINIMUM WAGE NATIONALLY IS $7.25 ADDICTION OF ALCOHOL AND DRUGS PEOPLE WHO ARE POOR AND ARE ADDICTED HAVE AN INCREASED RISK OF BEING HOMELESS

8 THE LONGEST WAR (WAR ON DRUGS)40 YEARS WHAT HAS LEAD PEOPLE INTO HOMELESSNESS? THE HOUSE I LIVE IN A DOCUMENTARY BY EUGENE JARECKI HARD TIME FOR MINOR OFFENSES, RACIAL DISPARITIES, AND THE PRISON-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX THE WAR ON DRUGS = 45 MILLION ARRESTS, $1 TRILLION, MADE AMERICA THE WORLD'S LARGEST JAILER AND DAMAGED POOR COMMUNITIES AT HOME AND ABROAD. YET, DRUGS ARE CHEAPER, PURER AND MORE AVAILABLE TODAY THAN EVER. WHERE DID WE GO WRONG AND WHAT IS THE PATH TOWARD HEALING?

9 A REVOLVING DOOR FAILED ATTEMPTS AT ELIMINATING HOMELESSNESS HAVE RESULTED IN A VICIOUS CYCLE UNFORESEEN DOMINO EFFECTS SUCH AS BAD ECONOMIC POLICIES THAT LEAD TO INCREASED POVERTY CAN IN TURN CAUSE HOMELESSNESS TO RISE. ARE PRISONERS SEEN AS HOMELESS? NEITHER MAY BE CONSIDERED AS FULLY FUNCTIONING MEMBERS OF SOCIETY, BUT THREE HOTS AND A COT IS BETTER THAN NOTHING TO SOME A PERSPECTIVE OF DESPERATION

10 PUBLIC HOUSING ALTHOUGH PUBLIC HOUSING FAILURES ONLY ACCOUNT FOR ABOUT A QUARTER OF THE MARKET, IT IS HIGHLIGHTED DUE TO THE AMOUNT OF TAX DOLLARS IT REQUIRES. THE 1949 HOUSING ACT LIMITED ACCESS TO PUBLIC HOUSING TO ONLY THE VERY POOR. THIS STIPULATION LEAD TO A STIGMA FOR GOVERNMENT HOUSING WHICH WAS MADE TO LOOK CHEAP, THEREFORE UNDESIRABLE. USUALLY BUILT IN LESS AFFLUENT AREAS OF TOWN, THERE IS A LACK OF OPPORTUNITY AND RESOURCES AVAILABLE WHICH LEADS TO MORE UNEMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY.

B INVENTIONS RALPH E. HAMMANN (2008 PENDING PATENT) A FRAME TWO SUPPORTS HINGEDLY CONNECTED TO FRAME THE SUPPORTS BEING MOVABLE BETWEEN A STORAGE POSITION AND A SUPPORT POSITION JULIO F.

11 B INVENTIONS RALPH E. HAMMANN (2008 PENDING PATENT) A FRAME TWO SUPPORTS HINGEDLY CONNECTED TO FRAME THE SUPPORTS BEING MOVABLE BETWEEN A STORAGE POSITION AND A SUPPORT POSITION JULIO F. TORRES (2008 PENDING PATENT) A FOLDABLE SUPPORT BASE HAVING TWO BASE PORTIONS PIVOTALLY CONNECTED TO EACH OTHER FOLDABLE BETWEEN AN UNFOLDED POSITION AND A FOLDED POSITION A COLLAPSIBLE HOOD HAVING A COVER AND CAN BE MOVED FROM A DEPLOYED STATE TO A COLLAPSED STATE BY FOLDING THE SUPPORT BASE.

CONDUCTIVITY, SPACIOUS VERSITILE STORAGE, SHELTER STURDY CAN

12 L DESIGN REQUIREMENTS WEATHER RESISTANT RAIN, SNOW, HAIL, MOBILITY EASY TO MOVE, STEER, PULL AROUND COMFORTABLE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY, SPACIOUS VERSITILE STORAGE, SHELTER STURDY CAN SUSTAIN A PERSON OF UP TO 270LBS LIGHT LIGHT ENOUGH TO BE MOBILE

13 L METHODOLOGY INITIAL SKETCH PROPOSAL WAS SUBMITTED TO THE PROFESSOR, PENDING APPROVAL. THE TEAM THEN STARTED WITH RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE OF PAST DESIGNS CONCERNING HOMELESS SHELTERS. SEVERAL DRAWINGS OF OTHER POTENTIAL DESIGNS WERE SKETCHED. THE TEAM ANALYZED EACH SKETCH FOR FEASIBILITY, AND ALSO DETERMINED IF THE DESIGN WAS ABLE TO FIT WITHIN THE TEAM S CONSTRAINTS. ONCE A DESIGN WAS SETTLED ON, THE TEAM CONTINUED TO IMPROVE UPON THAT DESIGN, TROUBLE SHOOTING WHEN NECESSARY, TRYING TO DISCOVER THE BEST APPROACH. EXAMPLE: TRYING TO DECIDE WHAT KIND OF STABILIZING LEG WAS MOST EFFICIENT. A FINAL SKETCH WAS COMPLETED; WITH THE PREMISES THAT IT MAY NEED TO BE SLIGHTLY ALTERED TO FIT WITHIN THE CONSTRAINTS.

14 BEST DESIGN?

16 FINAL DESIGN

20 P PROPOSED BUILD 5 PIECES OF PLYWOOD FOR THE BASE AND THE SIDES WOULD BE MEASURED AND CUT ACCORDING TO SPECIFICATIONS, USING A RANGE OF DIFFERENT SAWS. 2 PIECES OF PLYWOOD WOULD ALSO BE CUT FOR SUPPORT LEGS. THE 1IN X 2 IN BOARD WOULD BE MEASURED AND CUT TO THE CORRECT SPECIFICATIONS, THOSE WOULD BE USED FOR BASE SUPPORT AND WAGON HANDLE. 2 IN X 4 IN BOARD(S) WOULD BE MEASURED AND CUT TO SPECIFICATIONS, IT WILL BE USED FOR BASE SUPPORT AND THE WAGON HANDLE ASSEMBLY. THE PLYWOOD WOULD BE PAINTED/COATED TO MAKE IT MORE WEATHER RESISTANT BEFORE ASSEMBLY. THE PLYWOOD AND BOARDS WOULD BE PRE-DRILLED WITH A 1/8 DRILL BIT PRIOR TO ASSEMBLY. THE

21 CONTINUED THE BASE WOULD BE ASSEMBLED USING PLYWOOD, 1IN X 2 IN, AND 2 IN X 4 IN BOARDS. THE FRONT ASSEMBLY FOR THE WAGON HANDLE WOULD BE DRILLED WITH A 5/8 IN WOOD DRILL BIT. WOULD BE PRE-DRILLED WITH 1/2 IN DRILL BIT FOR ATTACHING TO BASE. THIS WILL BE DONE USING THE 1/2 IN X 3 IN CARRIAGE BOLTS, WASHERS, AND NUTS. THE ASSEMBLY WOULD THEN BE BOLTED INTO PLACE AND A HANDLE WILL BE MADE USING 1 IN X 2 IN BOARD AND ROUND HANDLE ATTACHMENT. THE END OF THE HANDLE WILL BE PRE-DRILLED TO ALLOW THE CARRIAGE BOLT TO PASS THROUGH IT ATTACHING IT TO THE HANDLE ASSEMBLY. THE 1/2 IN X 5 IN CARRIAGE BOLT WOULD BE FITTED THROUGH THE HANDLE ASSEMBLY AND THE HANDLE AND A WASHER WOULD BE PLACED OVER THE BOLT AND A NUT WOULD THEN HOLD IT IN PLACE.

22 CONTINUED THE CASTERS/WHEELS WOULD BE PUT INTO PLACE ON THE BASE THE TWO 360 DEGREE CASTERS WITH BREAKS WOULD BE PLACE ON THE BASE IN THE FRONT OF THE WAGON. THE TWO STATIONARY CASTERS WOULD BE PLACE ON THE BASE IN THE BACK OF THE WAGON. THE FRONT OF THE WAGON WOULD THEN BE PUT IN PLACE, AS IT IS STATIONARY AND WOULD BE SUPPORTED BY A PRE-DRILLED 1IN X 2 IN BASE BOARD HELD IN PLACE BY SCREWS AND BRACKETS. THE SIDES WILL THEN BE ATTACHED USING HINGES THE SIDES WOULD BE PRE-DRILLED WITH (2) 1 IN HOLES IN THE UPPER CORNERS IN ORDER TO ALLOW FOR THE TENT TO BE ATTACHED WHEN THE SHELTER/WAGON IS FOLDED OUT THERE WILL BE (2) D-RINGS ATTACHED TO EACH SIDE OF THE WAGON FOR THE TENT POLE SUPPORTS TO BE ATTACHED TO. THEY WILL BE ATTACHED THROUGH THE 1 IN HOLES ON THE OUTSIDE CORNERS OF THE SIDES, AND ALSO SERVE THE PURPOSE OF HOLDING THE ROLL OUT COVER IN PLACE. THE STABILIZING LEGS (1 FOR EACH SIDE) WOULD THEN BE ATTACHED TO THE SIDES VIA HINGES. THE HINGES WOULD BE PLACE ON THE UNDERSIDE TO ALLOW THEM TO SWING OUT ON THEIR OWN WHEN FOLDING OUT THE SIDES OF THE WAGON.

23 CONTINUED THE BACK OF THE WAGON WOULD THEN BE ATTACHED USING HINGES. 2 D-RINGS WOULD ALSO BE ATTACHED TO THE BACK TO HOLD THE ROLL OUT COVER IN PLACE. THE ROLL UP COVER WOULD THEN BE ATTACHED TO THE FRONT OF THE WAGON VIA A 1IN X 2 IN SUPPORT BOARD, PRE DRILLED AND SCREWED INTO PLACE. THE WEATHER RESISTANT FABRIC WOULD THEN BE ROLLED UP AND A VELCRO STRAP WOULD BE PLACED ABOVE AND BELOW THE ROLL IN 2 LOCATIONS (ONE ON EACH SIDE OF THE ROLL), ALLOWING IT TO BE SECURED WHEN NOT IN USE. WHEN THE WEATHER RESISTANT FABRIC IS ROLLED OUT OVER THE WAGON IT WILL COVER THE WAGON ENTIRELY AND WILL BE HELD IN PLACE BY BUNGEE CORDS, OR SNAPS CONNECTABLE TO THE D-RINGS, ALLOWING FOR COMPLETE COVERAGE. SAFETY HASP WILL THEN BE ATTACHED TO THE WAGON S 4 CORNERS, ALLOWING THE WAGON TO BE CLOSED SECURELY. A POP-UP/FOLD-OUT TENT WILL THEN BE PLACED INSIDE THE WAGON. THE TENT SHOULD BE WEATHER RESISTANT AND BE ABLE TO MAINTAIN HEAT FOR COLD NIGHTS AND INCLEMENT WEATHER TIMES. ITS PROJECTED THERE WILL BE ENOUGH ROOM FOR A SLEEPING BAG AND A FEW PERSONAL EFFECTS TO BE KEPT INSIDE THE WAGON WHEN IT IS IN ITS MOBILE STATE, ALLOWING FOR THEM TO BE COMPLETELY COVERED AND OUT OF THE ELEMENTS.

24 WORKS CITED GOOGLE PATENTS RALPH E. HAMMAN JULIO F. TORRES DIAGRAMS NATIONAL ALLIANCE TO END HOMELESSNESS RLCS NATIONAL COALITION FOR THE HOMELESS FITZPATRICK, KEVIN M., PH.D., STEPHANIE COLLIER, M.A., AND GAIL O'CONNER, M.A. "COMMUNITY AND FAMILY INSTITUTE HOMELESS REPORT." A COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION OF HOMELESSNESS IN WASHINGTON AND BENTON COUNTIES(2015): HOMELESS REPORT. WEB. 3 MAY FACTS AND FIGURES: THE HOMELESS ATLAS, JOHN. "PUBLIC HOUSING: WHAT WENT WRONG?, BY JOHN ATLAS AND PETER DREIER." PUBLIC HOUSING: WHAT WENT WRONG?, BY JOHN ATLAS AND PETER DREIER. N.P., N.D. WEB. 03 MAY FISCHER, ROBERT. "THE HISTORY OF HOMELESSNESS IN AMERICA 1640S TO PRESENT." DOWNTOWN CONGREGATIONS TO END HOMELESSNESS. N.P., 16 NOV WEB. 03 MAY 2016.

Portable Homeless Shelter. Introduction to Engineering. Dr. Khalil Sharif. Presented by:

Portable Homeless Shelter. Introduction to Engineering. Dr. Khalil Sharif. Presented by: Portable Homeless Shelter Introduction to Engineering Dr. Khalil Sharif Presented by: Phyllis Sluyter, Cari Jackson, Berenice Martinez, Luis Rodriquez Introduction In 2014 the National Alliance to End