DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT OF THE DUBROVNIK PASSENGER PORT FOR ACCOMMODATION OF LARGE CRUISE VESSELS

Transcription

1 . P'erko, V. Durkovi,. Joli: Development Conept of the Dubrovnik Passenger Port for Aommodation of Large Cruise Vessels IA PERKO, M.S. Ministry of the Sea, Tourism, Transport and Development Prisavlje 14, HR-1 Zagreb, Republi of Croatia VLAHO DURKOVIC, B.Eng. Dubrovnik Port Authorities Obala Pape Ivana Pavia II. 1, HR-2 Dubrovnik, Republi of Croatia ATALIJA JOLIC, Ph.D. University of Zagreb, Faulty of Transport and Traffi Sienes Vukelieva 4, HR-1 Zagreb, Republi of Croatia Traffi Infrastruture Review Aepted: De. 4, 26 Approved: Ot. 5, 27 DEVELOPMET COCEPT OF THE DUBROVIK PASSEGER PORT FOR ACCOMMODATIO OF LARGE CRUISE VESSELS ABSTRACT The tehnial, traffi and eonomi parameters of the p11 of Dubrovnik, speialied in goods traffi, allow for its reorganiation and onversion into a multi-purpose terminal able to aommodate ruise ships. The following is required for its suessful onversion: development strategy analysis, finanial ratio analysis and onversion effet analysis. The paper provides the definition and analysis of the omponents affeting the identifiation of the port of Dubrovnik spae requirements with the aim of defining possible indiators of the port future dimensions with respet to both, its sea and land area. The pwpose of this study is to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the port of Dubrovnik as a passenger port with respet to both the national liners and international n1isers. The questions related to finding the optimal solutions for the port failities and servies an only be resolved by pereiving all the fators impating the traffi in the port, no matter whether marine or overland onneting the port with the highway and the airport. KEYWORDS Dubrovnik passenger port, development, large ruise vessels 1. ITRODUCTIO The natural and histori-ultural harateristis of Dubrovnik region represent, due to their integrity, and ompatibility with the harateristis of tourist demand, a very important potential., as one of the very important forms of tourist ativity for this area has plaed the port of Dubrovnik into fous, and has given it the role of the driver of the eonomi development of the entire region. Today's port of Dubrovnik is a very busy passenger port with marked progressive trend in the number of passengers. The passenger traffi on ruises leads in this, and taking into onsideration its extraordinary eonomi potential, ruising as a speifi mode of tourism has been assigned speial signifiane in the development projets. The existing elements of the port infra- and suprastruture do not satisfy the transport requirements and do not assure suffiient apaity for the aommodation of mega-ruisers suh as those inreasingly used today for ruising. The Dubrovnik port authority has therefore reognied the need to start projets of port development with the final objetive being a modern passenger port whose failities and quality of servie orresponds to the world standards. The projet of the port development inludes two phases, the first referring to the restruturing and reonstrution ofthe oast, and the other one to the onstrution of different passenger failities. 2. PORT OF DUBROVIK 2.1 Port history The port of Dubrovnik was founded at the beginning of the 2th entury as a argo port, and its basi purpose was the transport of argo from Bosnia. World War One brought stagnation whih lasted until the mid of 192s. The onstrution of railway line through the port added to stimulation of its orientation to the transport of argo, and this trend was maintained all the way to the mid of the last entury, when again there ame to stagnation due to the opening of the new argo ports Plae and Bar. Promet - Traffi&Transportation, Vol. 19, 27, o. 6,

2 . Perko, v. Durkovi,. Joli: Development Conept of the Dubrovnik Passenger Port for Aommodation of Large Cruise Vessels Beause of the development of tourism in Dubrovnik, the passenger traffi has been gaining in signifiane, and its progressive growth was broken by the Croatian War of Independene during whih a large part of the infrastruture and supra-struture failities were destroyed. The port of Dubrovnik is today ompletely re-oriented to passenger traffi with an inreasingly emphasised share of international traffi. The development projets that are urrently in the starting phase of realiation ould transform it into a modern passenger port and inrease its apaity for the aommodation of ruising vessels and line ferries. 2.2 Basi harateristis of the port Today's port overs an area of 88,m 2, and inludes 125m of quay. The majority of the port is situated on the north-eastern side of the Gruski Bay with very favourable natural harateristis for aommodation of vessels, whereas a minor part is situated in the area of Batahovina at the mouth of the Rijeka Dubrovaka. Table 1- Berths situation in the port of Dubrovnik umber of berths Length of berth in m Depth in m , , ,8, Soure: Port of Dubrovnik Authority, 26 DISTACES: City entre: Airport: Bus station: 2km 2km loom Purpose Ferries Ferries Loal ferries PROVISIO OF SERVICES I THE PORT AREA: Trade ompanies that provide servies in the port area realie their ativity through onession for eonomial usage of maritime assets maritime domain. The servies inlude the following: - mooring and unmooring, - towing, - supply of vessels, - disposal of waste waters, - pilotage, - ship ageny, organiation of exursions. TRAFFIC I THE PORT The passenger transport statistis at the Port of Dubrovnik shows that the number of passengers marks a ontinuous rising trend, whih refers espeially to the transport of vessels on ruising voyages. Further in the text is an overview of the movement of the number of passengers during the period from 1998 to 25. Table 1 - umber of passengers in the port of Gru for the period from year domesti international traffi traffi ruise total ,637 42,857 59, , ,7 24,475 13,88 255, ,871 39,555 61, , ,68 51,296 95,31 43, ,693 57, , , ,81 62, ,74 742, , 7, 27, 767, 25 45, 8, 3, 83, Soure: Port of Dubrovnik Authority, 26 (jj ~ 4, ~- : _ <1l ~ 3, J-' ::;;;o~"' (jj ~ 2, +-,..,.~~-----.f ::J o Year 1-+- domesti - international..._ ruise I Figure 1 - umber of passengers in the port of Gru for the period from Soure: Port of Dubrovnik Authority, 26 3.DEVELOPMETPLASOFTHE PORT OF DUBROVIK AS PART OF CRUISIG DEVELOPMET 3.1 Tourism of ruise voyages trips tourism, as a mode of tourist industry whih has reently shown a very marked asending (') "<!" l!) < 396 Promet - Traffi&Transportation, Vol. 19, 27, o.6,

3 . Perko, V. Durkovi,. Joli: Development Conept of the Dubrovnik Passenger Port for Aommodation of Large Cruise Vessels trend, has beome the bakbone of the eonomi development for many destinations. The development projets that are being implemented in aordane with the needs of the tourist demand, most often refer to the traffi infrastruture, and the investment ativities in passenger terminals in the Mediterranean ports have inreased a lot over the last several years, in order to adapt these to the mega-ruiser requirements. has aquired the features of mass transportation, and has beome therefore available to wide eonomi layers. Also, the ruiser dimensions are inreasing, and vessels of up to 33m length and apaity of about 3 passengers are beoming more and more ommon. The travel arrangements take usually up to 7 days, and the pakage of servies that is required by this market is very defined and sophistiated and implies all-inlusive arrangements adapted to short stay of the passengers at a destination (usually 6-8 hours). The most important destinations of ruise trips in the world are the Caribbean Sea, followed immediately by the Mediterranean. The Adriati Sea is also beoming a more and more important area of interest with the ports of Venie, Dubrovnik, Bari and Split. Regarding the relatively small number of Adriati destinations, Dubrovnik has very signifiant possibilities in using its doubtless potentials to beome the seond inevitable destination on the Adriati, on the relation between the Greek ports and Venie. Apart from natural, and ultural and historial tourist resoures, in order to ahieve the status of a "must-see" ruising destination, the developed port systems with multi-purpose passenger apaities and good traffi onnetions represent a neessary preondition. This is, however, a weak link of the ities on the Croatian part of the Adriati, whih redues the possibility of the otherwise high level of valorisation. Inluding the port in the ruising ompany's itinerary depends, briefly, on the following fators: - tourist resoures of the destination, - development of port systems (infrastruture and port failities), - servie quality, espeially the exursion programs, - pries, - transport logistis, - marketing ativity. 4. DUBROVIK AS A TOURIST DESTIATIO The Dubrovnik region oupies a very favourable position at the very south of the Croatian part of the Adriati oast, and represents an important strategi point on the route between Eastern and Western Europe. South Dalmatia belongs to the areas of a moderate Mediterranean limate with relatively warm winters, hot summers and average annual temperature of l7 C. A hundred and forty sunny days during the year, little preipitation, high sea temperatures during summer, these are the features that make this area limatially most favourable. The Dubrovnik surroundings an boast with ultural and historial monuments, favourable relief harateristis, and rihness and diversity of flora and fauna. The rihness of the intat nature is most felt on the islands, among whih is the island of Mljet, the northern part of whih has been prolaimed a national park. The most important ultural and histori entity is the Old Town, surrounded by 2m ity walls whih, together with fortresses and towers form the defene system of the town, highlighting its identity. umerous saved examples of late gothi and early renaissane as well as baroque witness an extremely rih history of the Dubrovnik Republi. Along the oast we also find authenti minor towns and plaes with rih ultural heritage. During the tourist season their streets and squares offer a rih soial program and the most important ultural event is the Dubrovnik Summer Games (Dubrovake ljetne igre) whih offer 4 days of various onerts, theatre performanes and other events. The Dubrovnik surrounding, as well as the ity itself provide many possibilities for the organiation of exursion programs for the passengers from ruise vessels. Depending on the stay at the destination, they offer the following exursions: - Old Town- half day - Elafit islands -one day - Mljet- one day - Cavtat- one day - Konavoski Dvori - one day - Delfa of the River eretva- one day - Island of Korula - one day - Peninsula of Peljesa- one day - Trsteno and Ston - half day - Medugorje -one day Mostar- one day In the effort to inlude the tourist ativity in the area of Dubrovnik- eretva County by its level of offer into the very demanding world standards, the port of Dubrovnik was assigned high importane as one of the arriers of the omprehensive eonomi and spatial development of the ity. The neessity of existene of a well-thought-of development strategy as a preondition for an aeptable and sustainable development is one of the basi guidelines of the development plan of the port of Dubrovnik whih tends to harmonie with and support the guidelines of a wider area development. The ruising market, to whih the development plans of the port are oriented, has a muh Promet- Traffi&Transportation, Vol. 19, 27, o. 6,

4 . Perko, V. Durkovi,. Joli: Development Conept of the Dubrovnik Passenger Port for Aommodation of Large Cruise Vessels wider sope of influene whih inludes the eonomy of the entire region. Aording to the statistis of Medrise (Assoiation of Mediterranean Ports), Dubrovnik ranks already, aording to the number of visitors at the very high fifth plae. However, although laking a relevant study, the volume of eonomi effets remains unknown; one may laim with ertainty that the average onsumption per visitor is very low, i.e. lower than in the ompetitive destinations and on the average ranges between US$3 and 4. The reason ould be partly redued to the following: small and unsuitable assortment - the offer inludes mainly heap, unauthenti trend produts; few and inaessible stores, regarding the time -limited stay foused mostly on sightseeing ativities, - too many visitors at a time, ausing ongestion, - insuffiient number of information points and promotion materials. The most diffiult problems refer to the traffi within the ity, espeially on peak days of the season when as many as 6 visitors arrive to the ity and r-.!!!. 7 ~ r- {) 6 r- - r- 5 r-,---- r-. E 4 r- r-- r- 3 r- r-- r-- - r--, r-- r- 2 r- r-- r-- - r-- r-- f-- r- 1 r- r r- or- '--- Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun Figure 2 - Dynamis of the number of vessel on ruise travels per weekdays Soure: Port of Dubrovnik Authority, 26 ~ Cl ro E Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun Figure 3 - Dynamis of the number of passengers on ruise travels per weekdays Soure: Port of Dubrovnik Authority, 26 participate at the same time in the exursion programs, mostly to the Old Town (Stari Grad). In order to solve these problems, it is neessary to organie ooperation of all the relevant institutions and eonomi subjets at the loal level. It may be onluded that Dubrovnik, as a tourist destination with a signifiant potential, needs to invest a lot more into the organiation and reation of a high-quality tourist offer, profiling its offer as a produt of luxury, avoiding the feature of mass ativity. The average level of onsumption in the Mediterranean ports is alulated to be between US$1 and 12. This shows the important eonomi possibilities that should ertainly be realied. 8 7.!!!. 6 {) 5 ~ 4 ~ ro -, -.. u.. -, Month -, OJ. <( Figure 4 - The vessel mooring shedule per months in 25 Soure: Port of Dubrovnik Authority, 26 7 ~ 6 - g> 5 f-- gj 4. 3 t--. E tl I > -1. <a >-. :; OJ. tl > ro ro -, u.. ~ <( ~ -, -, <( Month Figure 5 - umber of passengers distributed per months in the port of Dubrovnik Soure: Port of Dubrovnik Authority, DEVELOPMET PROJECT OF PASSEGER PORT DUBROVIK The development projet of the passenger port of Dubrovnik onsists of two phases, the first of whih means the reonstrution of the existing and the onstrution of a new quay in order to ahieve straight- 398 Promet- Traffi&Transportation, Vol. 19, 27, o.6,

5 . Perko, V. Durkovi,. Joli: Development Conept of the Dubrovnik Passenger Port for Aommodation of Large Cruise Vessels -line quay in the length of about looom, and thus raise the effiieny and apaity of the port, allowing simultaneous mooring of up to 3 mega-ruisers eah of a length of up to 3m. After having ompleted the preparation ativities for the projet of reonstruting and onstruting the port infrastruture, the onstrution works are expeted to begin in the first months of 27. It is, namely, that based on the feasibility study of the onsulting ompany GP Wild and its partner, whih defined the need to enhane the onditions of the existing quay, and by onstruting a new oast struture with the aim of insuring the neessary onditions for high-quality mooring of ships, and by inreasing the port apaity, a deision has been made about this investment that is to be funded from the EBRD loans. The basi aims of the projet of developing the passenger port of Dubrovnik are: 1. the first phase onsiders the lassifiation of the port of Dubrovnik into the group of the leading Mediterranean tourist ports aording to all the features neessary to reate a high-quality tourist produt, whih will greatly ontribute also to the tourist offer of the Dubrovnik area as a tourist destination 2. the seond phase would enompass the development of the passenger apaities that are a neessary element in this development onept of the port. Aording to the past visions of development, these port failities would be divided into the basi ones, neessary for the funtioning of the port, suh as the passenger terminals, and additional failities (hotel apaities, shopping entres, entertainment) that would fulfil the tourist offer and that would be intended for the guests and the population of a wider area. 6. COCLUSIO By starting the development projet whih primarily refers to the reation of the preonditions for the aommodation of ruising vessels, the port of Dubrovnik has started a omprehensive venture of reating a modern passenger port with multi-purpose failities intended not only for passengers but also to visitors and the population of the region. In the tendeny to ahieve results in this area, it is neessary to take into aount the need for intensive interation both with loal and with international surrounding. One has to onsider also the soial and eonomi as well as spatial harateristis of the limate not to neglet the imperative of the development sustainability, whih, regarding the area harateristis, ertainly favours quality over quantity. The aim is to develop a distinguished and world-known must-see ruise destination whose image, and the wide range and quality of servies will attrat distinguished ustomers, and beome an inevitable stop in this part of the Mediterranean. Mr. s. IA PERKO nina.perko@pomorstvo.hr Ministarstvo mora, turima, prometa i ravitka Prisavlje 14, 1 Zagreb, Republika Hrvatska VLAHO DURKOVIC, dip!. ing. dpa.vlaho@portdubrovnik.hr Luka Dubrovnik d. d. Obala Pape Ivana Pavia II. 1, 2 Dubrovnik, Republika Hrvatska Dr. s. ATALIJA JOLIC natalija@fp.hr Sveuiliste u Zagrebu, Fakultet prometnih nanosti Vukelieva 4, 1 Zagreb, Republika Hrvatska SAZETAK RAZVITAK DUBROVACKE PUTICKE LUKE ZA PRIHVAT VELIKIH PUTICKIH BRODOVA Teretna luka Grui po svojim tehnikim, prometnim i gospodarskim parametrima omoguuje reorganiaiju odnosno prenamjenu u visenamjenski terminal a prihvat putnikih brodova na kruinim putovanjima. Uvjeti prenamjene jesu: analia strategije ravoja, analia finanijskih pokaatelja i analia ucinaka prenamjene. U radu su definirane i analiirane komponente koje utjeeu na definiranje prostomih uvjeta luke Gruis iljem definiranja mogucih pokaatelja budueg dimenioniranja i pomorskog i kopnenog dijela luke. Cilj ovog istraiivanja je pokaati prednosti i nedostatke luke Grui a prihvat putnikih brodova i to kako na domaim linijama, taka i na kruinim putovanjima. Sagledavanjem Cimbenika koji utjeeu na promet u samoj lui, alii na pomorski promet, te na kopneni promet koji veie luku s estom i ranom lukom, odgovorit e se na pitanje pronalaienja optima/no postavljenih objekata i usluga u samoj lui. KLJUCE RIJECI Dubrovaka putnika luka, ravoj, veliki putniki brodovi LITERATURE [1] StrategijaprometnogravitkaRepublikeHn,atske i [2] Boievi, J.: Prometno poveivanje Republike Hrvatske i Republike/Federaije Bosne i Heregovine, Proeedings of the Croatian Aademy of Sienes and Arts, pp , Zagreb, 1996 [3] Rotterdam Maritime Group: Ravojna studija hrvatskih luka, Final report, 1996 [4] May, A. D.: Traffi Flow Fundamentals, Prentie Hall, ew Jersey, 199 [5] Perko,.: Ravitak Dubrovake putnike luke a prihvat velikih turistikih brodova, Master's thesis, Zagreb, 26 [6] Studija odriivog Studija odriivog ravoja kruing turima u Hrvatskoj, Institute for tourism Zagreb, Zagreb, 27 [7] G. P. Wild (International) Limited, Port of Dubrovnik passenger port development, 22 Promet- Traffi&Transportation, Vol. 19, 27, o.6,